Basic info | Taxonomic history | Classification | Included Taxa |
Morphology | Ecology and taphonomy | External Literature Search | Age range and collections |
Taxonomy
Acreodi was named by Matthew (1909). It is not extant.
It was assigned to Cete by McKenna (1975); to Eutheria by Tabuce et al. (2011); and to Scrotifera by O'Leary et al. (2013).
It was assigned to Cete by McKenna (1975); to Eutheria by Tabuce et al. (2011); and to Scrotifera by O'Leary et al. (2013).
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1892 | Oxyclaenidae Scott p. 294 |
1895 | Chriacidae Osborn and Earle |
1902 | Oxyclaenidae Hay p. 744 |
1909 | Acreodi Matthew |
1930 | Oxyclaenidae Hay p. 459 |
1965 | Oxyclaeninae Savage p. 243 |
1965 | Oxyclaeninae Sloan and Van Valen p. 226 |
1975 | Acreodi McKenna p. 43 |
2003 | Oxyclaenidae Eberle p. 152 |
2011 | Acreodi Tabuce et al. p. 146 |
2013 | Acreodi O'Leary et al. |
2013 | Chriacidae Scott et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Or. †Acreodi Matthew 1909
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G. †Andrewsarchus Osborn 1924
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†Andrewsarchus crassum Ding et al. 1977
†Andrewsarchus mongoliensis Osborn 1924
Unr. †Mesonychia [mesonychian]
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Fm. †Hapalodectidae Szalay and Gould 1966 [condylarth]
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G. †Hapalodectes Matthew 1909
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†Hapalodectes anthracinus Zhou and Gingerich 1991
†Hapalodectes auctus Matthew and Granger 1925
†Hapalodectes compressus Matthew 1909
†Hapalodectes dux Lopatin 2001
†Hapalodectes hetangensis Ting and Li 1987
†Hapalodectes huanghaiensis Tong and Wang 2006
†Hapalodectes leptognathus Osborn and Wortman 1892
†Hapalodectes lopatini Solé et al. 2017
†Hapalodectes lushiensis Chow 1965
†Hapalodectes paleocenus Beard et al. 2010
†Hapalodectes paradux Lopatin 2023
†Hapalodectes serus Matthew and Granger 1925
Fm. †Mesonychidae Cope 1875 [condylarth]
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G. †Dissacus Cope 1881
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†Dissacus argenteus O'Leary and Rose 1995
†Dissacus blayaci Stehlin 1926
†Dissacus bohaiensis Tong and Wang 2006
†Dissacus filholi Lemoine 1891
†Dissacus indigenus Dashzeveg 1976
†Dissacus magushanensis Yan and Tang 1976
†Dissacus praenuntius Matthew and Granger 1915
†Dissacus progressus Crusafont-Pairo and Golpe-Posse 1968
†Dissacus raslanloubatieri Solé et al. 2018
†Dissacus rotundus Wang 1975
†Dissacus rougierae Solé et al. 2018
†Dissacus saurognathus Wortman 1897
†Dissacus serior O'Leary and Rose 1995
†Dissacus serratus Chow and Qi 1978
†Dissacus shanghoensis Chow et al. 1973
†Dissacus willwoodensis O'Leary and Rose 1995
†Dissacus zanabazari Geisler and McKenna 2007
†Dissacus zengi Ting 2004
Invalid names: Hyaenodictis Lemoine 1891 [synonym], Hyoenodictis Lemoine 1880 [synonym], Plesidissacus Lemoine 1894 [synonym]
G. †Dissacusium Chow et al. 1977
G. †Harpagolestes Wortman 1901
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†Harpagolestes brevipes Thorpe 1923
†Harpagolestes immanis Matthew 1909
†Harpagolestes koreanicus Shikama 1943
†Harpagolestes leei Jin 2005
†Harpagolestes leotensis Peterson 1931
†Harpagolestes macrocephalus Wortman 1901
†Harpagolestes orientalis Szalay and Gould 1966
†Harpagolestes uintensis Scott 1888
G. †Lohoodon Chow et al. 1973
Subfm. †Mesonychinae Cope 1880
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G. †Hukoutherium Chow et al. 1973
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†Hukoutherium ambigum Chow et al. 1973
†Hukoutherium shimemensis Qi and Huang 1982
G. †Mesonyx Cope 1872
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†Mesonyx dakotensis Scott 1892
†Mesonyx nuhetingensis Jin 2012
†Mesonyx obtusidens Cope 1872
†Mesonyx uqbulakensis Tong 1989
G. †Mongolestes Szalay and Gould 1966
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†Mongolestes alxaensis Qi 1975
†Mongolestes hadrodens Szalay and Gould 1966
G. †Metahapalodectes Dashzeveg 1976
G. †Pachyaena Cope 1874
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†Pachyaena gigantea Osborn and Wortman 1892
†Pachyaena gracilis Matthew and Granger 1915
†Pachyaena nemegetica Dashzeveg 1976
G. †Plagiocristodon Chow and Qi 1978
G. †Synoplotherium Cope 1872
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†Synoplotherium canius Cope 1872
†Synoplotherium lanius Cope 1872
†Synoplotherium vorax Marsh 1876
Invalid names: Dromocyon Marsh 1876 [synonym]
Invalid names: Hapalodectinae Szalay and Gould 1966 [empty]
G. †Simidectes Stock 1933
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†Simidectes magnus Peterson 1919
†Simidectes medius Peterson 1919
†Simidectes merriami Stock 1933
Invalid names: Pleurocyon Peterson 1919 [synonym]
G. †Wyolestes Gingerich 1981
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†Wyolestes apheles Gingerich 1981
†Wyolestes dioctes Gingerich 1982
†Wyolestes iglesius Novacek et al. 1991
Invalid names: Andrewsarchidae Szalay and Gould 1966 [empty], Wyolestidae [empty]
Fm. †Triisodontidae Scott 1892
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G. †Eoconodon Matthew and Granger 1921
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†Eoconodon copanus Van Valen 1978
†Eoconodon coryphaeus Cope 1885
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Invalid names: Mioclaenus bathygnathus Cope 1888 [synonym], Triisodon biculminatus Cope 1888 [synonym]
†Eoconodon gaudrianus Cope 1888
†Eoconodon ginibitohia Clemens and Williamson 2005
†Eoconodon hutchisoni Clemens 2011
†Eoconodon nidhoggi Van Valen 1978
G. †Triisodon Cope 1881
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†Triisodon quivirensis Cope 1881
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Invalid names: Sarcothraustes antiquus Cope 1882 [synonym], Triisodon conidens Cope 1882 [synonym]
Invalid names: Sarcothraustes Cope 1882 [synonym]
Invalid names: Oxyclaenidae Scott 1892 [invalid subgroup]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: o = order, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
References: Tabuce et al. 2011, Ji et al. 2002, Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988 |
Age range: base of the Torrejonian to the top of the Early/Lower Oligocene or 63.80000 to 28.40000 Ma
Collections (332 total)
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
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Pu3 | USA (Montana) | Eoconodon hutchisoni (143205) Eoconodon nidhoggi, Eoconodon hutchisoni (14738 218647) | |
Puercan | USA (Montana) | Eoconodon hutchisoni (14799 140079 218651 218655) Eoconodon nidhoggi (14745 218649 218650) Eoconodon nidhoggi, Eoconodon hutchisoni (218648) Eoconodon sp., Eoconodon sp. (14766) | |
Puercan | USA (Colorado) | Eoconodon coryphaeus (205932 205934) | |
Puercan | USA (Utah) | Eoconodon sp. (14791) Goniacodon hiawathae (14790) | |
Puercan | USA (New Mexico) | Dissacus navajovius, Eoconodon coryphaeus, Eoconodon gaudrianus (14703) Eoconodon coryphaeus (14662) Eoconodon gaudrianus (14794) Eoconodon sp., Eoconodon coryphaeus, Eoconodon gaudrianus, Eoconodon ginibitohia (14760) | |
Puercan | Canada (Saskatchewan) | Eoconodon sp. (14768) | |
Puercan | USA (Wyoming) | Eoconodon sp. (14710 14731 14808) Triisodontinae indet. (14805) | |
Early/Lower Paleocene | China (Guangdong) | Hukoutherium ambigum, Dissacus feiganensis, Dissacus shanghoensis (140280) Yantanglestes feiganensis, Hukoutherium ambigum, Dissacusium shanghoensis (176607) | |
Early/Lower Paleocene | China (Shaan-xi (Shensi)) | Mesonychidae indet. (176618) | |
Early/Lower Paleocene | China (Shaanxi) | Hukoutherium shimemensis (132651) | |
Early/Lower Paleocene | China (Hunan) | Dissacus rotundus (182815) | |
To2 | Canada (Alberta) | Prothryptacodon albertensis (14894) | |
Torrejonian | USA (Montana) | Dissacus sp., Coriphagus montanus, Prothryptacodon furens (14906 14913) Prothryptacodon furens (14923) | |
Torrejonian | USA (New Mexico) | Ankalagon saurognathus, Coriphagus encinensis, Deltatherium fundaminis, Dissacus navajovius, Triisodon quivirensis (14873) Ankalagon saurognathus, Dissacus navajovius, Goniacodon levisanus, Prothryptacodon ambiguus (14893) Coriphagus encinensis (14811 14867) Coriphagus encinensis, Deltatherium fundaminis, Goniacodon levisanus, Triisodon quivirensis (14865) Coriphagus encinensis, Triisodon quivirensis (14890) Deltatherium fundaminis (14814) Deltatherium fundaminis, Goniacodon levisanus (14825 14832) Deltatherium fundaminis, Goniacodon levisanus, Triisodon crassicuspis, Triisodon quivirensis (14824) Deltatherium fundaminis, Goniacodon levisanus, Triisodon quivirensis (14891) Deltatherium sp. (14819) Dissacus navajovius (14833 14835) Dissacus navajovius, Goniacodon levisanus (14812) Goniacodon levisanus, Triisodon quivirensis (14892) Triisodon antiquus (14862) Triisodon quivirensis (14834) Triisodon sp., Coriphagus encinensis, Deltatherium fundaminis (14868) Triisodon sp., Coriphagus encinensis, Deltatherium fundaminis, Goniacodon levisanus (14816) Triisodon sp., Deltatherium fundaminis, Goniacodon levisanus (14815) | |
Torrejonian | Canada (Alberta) | Goniacodon levisanus, Prothryptacodon furens (143200) Prothryptacodon albertensis (14769) | |
Torrejonian | USA (Utah) | Goniacodon sp. (14830) | |
Torrejonian | USA (North Dakota) | Dissacus sp. (14821) | |
Torrejonian | USA (Wyoming) | Coriphagus encinensis, Goniacodon levisanus, Prothryptacodon furens, Dissacus sp. (14912) Coriphagus montanus (14904) Coriphagus montanus, Prothryptacodon hilli (14898) Dissacus navajovius, Goniacodon levisanus, Prothryptacodon furens, Prothryptacodon hilli (14886) Oxyclaeninae indet. (14879) Prothryptacodon hilli (14900) | |
Torrejonian | USA (Texas) | Prothryptacodon sp. (14948) | |
Torrejonian - Tiffanian | USA (Wyoming) | Dissacus navajovius (14842) Dissacus sp. (14838) | |
Middle Paleocene | China (Jiangxi) | Hapalodectes sp. (139616) Hapalodectes sp., Jiangxia chaotoensis (176612) | |
Middle Paleocene | China (Anhui) | Dissacus magushanensis (132945) Hapalodectes lopatini (132939) | |
Middle Paleocene | China (Guangdong) | Pachyaena sp. (180650) Pachyaena sp., Yantanglestes datangensis (176606) | |
Middle Paleocene | China (Henan) | Mesonychidae indet. (176617) | |
Ti1 | Canada (Alberta) | Mesonychidae indet., Oxyclaeninae indet. (14939) | |
Ti3 | Canada (Alberta) | Dissacus sp. (14928) | |
Tiffanian | Canada (Alberta) | Oxyclaeninae indet. (14995) | |
Tiffanian | USA (Colorado) | Sinonyx sp. (174227) | |
Tiffanian | USA (Montana) | Dissacus sp. (15025 15064) Goniacodon levisanus (15010 133180) Oxyclaeninae indet. (15053) Stelocyon arctylos (15020) | |
Tiffanian | USA (Wyoming) | Dissacus argenteus, Dissacus praenuntius (190462) Dissacus navajovius (15049) Dissacus sp. (14936 14964 14985) Pachyaena sp., Dissacus sp. (15017) Prothryptacodon hilli (15013) | |
Tiffanian | USA (California) | Dissacus sp. (14872) | |
Thanetian | France (Champagne-Ardenne) | Dissacus europaeus (68428 87925) | |
Gashatan | China (Nei Mongol) | Hapalodectes paleocenus, Dissacus serratus (71076) | |
Late/Upper Paleocene | Mongolia | Dissacus sp. (133399) Pachyaena sp. (133398) | |
Late/Upper Paleocene | China (Xin-jiang (Sinkiang)) | Mesonychidae indet. (176619) | |
Late/Upper Paleocene | China (Anhui (Anhui)) | Dissacus magushanensis (176616) | |
Late/Upper Paleocene | China (Anhui) | Sinonyx jiashanensis (86277) | |
Late/Upper Paleocene | Mongolia (Omnogov) | Hapalodectes dux, Hapalodectes paradux (37008) | |
Late/Upper Paleocene | USA (Wyoming) | Dissacus navajovius (15024) | |
Late/Upper Paleocene | China (Nei Mongol) | Pachyaena sp., Plagiocristodon serratus, Dissacus serratus (133389) | |
Clarkforkian | USA (Colorado) | Dissacus navajovius (15254 15258) | |
Clarkforkian | USA (Wyoming) | Creodonta indet. (15075) Dissacus argenteus (190432) Dissacus praenuntius (15087 15092 15099 15102 15103 15104 15121 15122 15126 15129 15131 15132 15144 15148 15157 15159 15163 15185 15186 190430) Dissacus sp. (15089 15094) | |
Clarkforkian | USA (Montana) | Dissacus navajovius (15079) | |
Ypresian | France (Hérault) | Dissacus blayaci (184624) Dissacus sp. (181563) | |
Ypresian | France (Aude) | Dissacus sp. (182641) | |
Ypresian | France | Pachyaena gigantea (197267) | |
Ypresian | Belgium (Hainaut) | Hyaenodictis sp. (87947) | |
Ypresian | France (Alsace-Champagne-Ardenne-Lorraine) | Hyaenodictis filholi (178052) | |
Ypresian | France (Île-de-France) | Pachyaena gracilis (68437) | |
Ypresian | United Kingdom (England) | Pachyaena ossifraga (38868) | |
Ypresian | France (Marne) | Dissacus filholi (35540) | |
Ypresian | France (Champagne-Ardenne) | Dissacus raslanloubatieri (28546) | |
Ypresian | France (Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur) | Dissacus rougierae (178050) | |
Arshantan | China (Nei Mongol) | Mesonyx uqbulakensis (72204) | |
Sharamurunian | Mongolia | Mesonychidae indet. (182486) | |
Lostcabinian | USA (Wyoming) | Hapalodectes sp. (15917) | |
Wasatchian | Mexico (Baja California) | Dissacus sp., Wyolestes sp. (15671) | |
Wasatchian | Canada (Northwest Territories) | Pachyaena sp. (15583) | |
Wasatchian | USA (New Mexico) | Pachyaena ossifraga (15452) | |
Wasatchian | USA (Colorado) | Hapalodectes leptognathus (15651) Pachyaena ossifraga (15480 15485 15861 15864) Pachyaena sp. (15350 15371 15375) | |
Wasatchian | USA (Wyoming) | Dissacus longaevus (46650) Dissacus longaevus, Pachyaena sp. (46662) Dissacus praenuntius (15458 15759 46816) Dissacus praenuntius, Pachyaena gigantea (46809) Dissacus sp. (15541 15594 46830) Dissacus sp., Hapalodectes anthracinus (15729) Dissacus sp., Hapalodectes leptognathus (15559) Hapalodectes anthracinus (15499) Hapalodectes leptognathus (15553 15556 15558 15566 15964) Hapalodectes sp. (27268) Pachyaena gigantea (15530 109254) Pachyaena gigantea, Pachyaena gracilis (46792) Pachyaena gigantea, Pachyaena ossifraga (15531 46846) Pachyaena gracilis (15491 15592 15596 15697 15702 15889 46639 46683 46699 46720 46782 46801 46839 109255) Pachyaena gracilis, Pachyaena ossifraga (15510) Pachyaena gracilis, Wyolestes apheles (15589) Pachyaena ossifraga (15455 15505 15507 15514 15518 15522 15524 15532 15536 15694 15704 15707 15831 46731 46733 46759 46768 46808) Pachyaena ossifraga, Wyolestes apheles (46659) Pachyaena sp. (15756 15793 46667 46709 46773 46789 46799 46814) Pachyaena sp., Hapalodectes compressus (15710) Sinopa viverrina (15662) Wyolestes apheles (15586 15683 15727 15734 15762 15779 15787 15796 46636 46647) Wyolestes sp., Pachyaena ossifraga (46690) | |
Bumbanian | Mongolia (Southern Mongolia) | Dissacus zanabazari (37206) | |
Bumbanian | China (Nei Mongol) | Dissacus sp. (72202) | |
Early/Lower Eocene | USA (Wyoming) | Dissacus praenuntius (154253 154254 154255) Hapalodectes anthracinus (15679) Hapalodectes leptognathus (15680) Pachyaena ossifraga (15709) Pachyaena sp. (15690) | |
Early/Lower Eocene | Portugal (Região Centro) | Mondegodon eutrigonus (79200) | |
Early/Lower Eocene | China (Shandong) | Hapalodectes huanghaiensis, Dissacus bohaiensis (77929) | |
Early/Lower Eocene | China (Nei Mongol) | Dissacus sp., Mesonyx nuhetingensis, Mongolonyx dolichognathus (75275) Hapalodectes serus, Mongolonyx dolichognathus (174920) | |
Early/Lower Eocene | China (Hunan) | Dissacus sp., Hapalodectes hetangensis (87239) | |
MP 10 | Spain (Huesca) | Dissacus blayaci (197266) | |
MP 10 | Spain | Dissacus progressus (53154) | |
Bridgerian | USA (Colorado) | Mesonyx obtusidens (16240 16241) | |
Bridgerian | USA (Wyoming) | Hapalorestes lovei (16223) Harpagolestes macrocephalus (16253 16284 16414) Harpagolestes sp. (16647) Mesonychidae indet. (16137 16207 16397 16415) Mesonyx obtusidens (16201 16205 16228 16256 16491) Mesonyx sp. (15837) Patriofelis ferox (223509) Simidectes sp. (223474) Synoplotherium lanius (223463 223475 223476 223480 223482 223503 223506) | |
Bridgerian | USA (Utah) | Mesonychidae indet. (16396) | |
Lutetian | Pakistan | Mesonychidae indet. (95141) | |
Middle Eocene | Pakistan | Mesonychidae indet. (93752) | |
Middle Eocene | Kyrgyzstan | Olsenia sp. (177051) | |
Middle Eocene | USA (Oregon) | Harpagolestes uintensis (16842) | |
Middle Eocene | Mongolia | Harpagolestes orientalis (174909) | |
Middle Eocene | China (Nei Mongol) | Andrewsarchus mongoliensis, Harpagolestes leei (89041) Harpagolestes leei (174762) Mesonychidae indet., Hapalodectes serus, Harpagolestes orientalis (28792) Olsenia mira (174962) | |
Middle Eocene | China (Guangxi) | Andrewsarchus crassum (190963) | |
Middle Eocene | China (Henan) | Honanodon hebetis (42165 180849) Pachyaena sp., Harpagolestes leei, Mongolestes alxaensis, Honanodon macrodontus, Hapalodectes lushiensis, Harpagolestes orientalis (46193) | |
Middle Eocene | China (Xinjiang) | Mesonychidae indet. (176332) Mesonyx uqbulakensis (176335) Metahapalodectes sp., Mesonyx uqbulakensis (176333) | |
Early/Lower Uintan | USA (Colorado) | Mesonyx sp. (16623) | |
Early/Lower Uintan | USA (Utah) | Harpagolestes sp. (109203) | |
Early/Lower Uintan | USA (California) | Harpagolestes sp. (16670) Simidectes medius (16693) | |
Early/Lower Uintan | USA (Texas) | Hessolestes sp. (16650) | |
Late/Upper Uintan | Canada (Saskatchewan) | Harpagolestes sp. (16626) | |
Late/Upper Uintan | USA (California) | Mesonychidae indet. (16585) | |
Late/Upper Uintan | USA (Texas) | Harpagolestes uintensis, Simidectes magnus, Mesonychidae indet. (16542) Simidectes magnus (16614) | |
Uintan | USA (Utah) | Harpagolestes brevipes, Mesonyx obtusidens (16646) Harpagolestes leotensis (16594) Harpagolestes leotensis, Pleurocyon magnus (16607) Harpagolestes uintensis, Mesonyx obtusidens (16656) Mesonyx sp. (16606) Simidectes medius (16654) | |
Uintan | USA (Wyoming) | Harpagolestes sp. (16648) Synoplotherium sp. (223455 223462 223464) Synoplotherium sp., Mesonychia indet. (223425) | |
Uintan | USA (Texas) | Harpagolestes sp. (16537) Hessolestes sp. (16633 16638) Simidectes magnus (16624) | |
Uintan | USA (California) | Simidectes medius (16547) Simidectes merriami (16590) | |
Duchesnean | USA (Utah) | Hessolestes ultimus (16861) | |
Duchesnean | USA (Texas) | Harpagolestes sp. (16857) Simidectes magnus (16855 16856 16858) | |
Duchesnean | USA (California) | Simidectes merriami (16810) | |
Late/Upper Eocene | China (Guangxi) | Harpagolestes sp., Guilestes acares (182554) | |
Late/Upper Eocene | North Korea (Hwanghae-do) | Harpagolestes koreanicus (48621) | |
Late/Upper Eocene | Mongolia (Dornogobi Aimag) | Mesonychidae indet. (152082) | |
Late/Upper Eocene - Oligocene | North Korea (Kokai-do) | Harpagolestes koreanicus (13997) | |
Early/Lower Oligocene | China (Nei Mongol) | Harpagolestes alxaensis (174915 180729) |