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Duplicidentata

Mammalia

Taxonomy
Duplicidentata was named by Illiger (1811). It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Asher et al. (2005).

It was reranked as the suborder Duplicidentata by Flower and Lydekker (1891), Hay (1902), Lambe (1908), Gregory (1910), McKenna and Bell (1997); it was reranked as the suborder Duplicidentati by Jaekel (1911); it was reranked as the unranked clade Duplicidentata by Cope (1889), Meng et al. (2005), Asher et al. (2005), Wible et al. (2007).

It was assigned to Prensiculantia by Illiger (1811); to Rodentia by Flower (1883), Flower and Lydekker (1891), Lambe (1908); to Rodentii by Jaekel (1911); to Anagalida by McKenna and Bell (1997); to Glires by Cope (1889), Hay (1902), Gregory (1910), Asher et al. (2005); and to Glires by Meng et al. (2005), Wible et al. (2007).

Subtaxa
Lagomorpha, Mimotonidae
Sister taxa
Mimotonidae

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1811Duplicidentata Illiger p. 91
1883Duplicidentata Flower p. 185
1889Duplicidentata Cope p. 876
1891Duplicidentata Flower and Lydekker p. 91
1902Duplicidentata Hay p. 734
1908Duplicidentata Lambe
1910Duplicidentata Gregory p. 465
1911Duplicidentati Jaekel p. 221
1997Duplicidentata McKenna and Bell p. 108
2005Duplicidentata Asher et al. p. 1094
2005Duplicidentata Meng et al.
2007Duplicidentata Wible et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
RankNameAuthor
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—EuarchontogliresMurphy et al. 2001
—GliriformesWyss and Meng 1996
—Glires()
—Duplicidentata()
—Duplicidentata()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Duplicidentata Illiger 1811
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Or. Lagomorpha Brandt 1885
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G. †Annalagus Shevyreva 1996
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†Annalagus margarita Shevyreva 1996
G. †Dawsonolagus Li et al. 2007
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†Dawsonolagus antiquus Li et al. 2007
G. †Ephemerolagus Vianey-Liaud and Lebrun 2013
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†Ephemerolagus nievae Vianey-Liaud and Lebrun 2013
G. †Eurolagus Lopez Martinez 1977
Fm. Leporidae Fischer de Waldheim 1817 [rabbit]
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G. †Aluralagus Downey 1968
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†Aluralagus bensonensis Gazin 1942
†Aluralagus virginiae Downey 1970
Subfm. †Archaeolaginae
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G. †Archaeolagus Dice 1917
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†Archaeolagus acaricolus Dawson 1958
†Archaeolagus buangulus Stevens et al. 1969
†Archaeolagus emeraldensis Barnosky 1986
†Archaeolagus primigenius Matthew 1907
G. †Hypolagus Dice 1917
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†Hypolagus arizonensis Downey 1962
†Hypolagus edensis Frick 1921
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Invalid names: Hypolagus limnetus Gazin 1934 [synonym]
†Hypolagus fontinalis Dawson 1958
†Hypolagus furlongi Gazin 1934
†Hypolagus gidleyi White 1988
†Hypolagus oregonensis Shotwell 1956
†Hypolagus parviplicatus Dawson 1958
†Hypolagus regalis Hibbard 1939
†Hypolagus ringoldensis Gustafson 1978
†Hypolagus tedfordi White 1988
†Hypolagus vetus Kellogg 1910
†Hypolagus voorhiesi White 1988
Invalid names: Archaeolagus sonoranus Alvarez 1963 [nomen dubium]
G. †Notolagus Wilson 1937
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†Notolagus lepusculus Hibbard 1939
†Notolagus velox Wilson 1937
Invalid names: Dicea Hibbard 1939 [synonym]
G. †Panolax Cope 1874
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†Panolax sanctaefidei Cope 1874
G. †Aztlanolagus Russell and Harris 1986
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†Aztlanolagus agilis Russell and Harris 1986
G. †Chadrolagus Gawne 1978
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†Chadrolagus emryi Gawne 1978
Tr. Dasyporcina Gray 1825
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G. Coelogenys Illiger 1811
Subfm. †Desmatolaginae Burke 1941
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Invalid names: Agispelaginae Gureev 1953 [synonym]
G. †Desmatolagus Matthew and Granger 1923
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†Desmatolagus ardynense Burke 1941
†Desmatolagus chinensis Erbajeva and Sen 1998
†Desmatolagus gazini Burke 1936
†Desmatolagus gobiensis Matthew and Granger 1923
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Invalid names: Desmatolagus parvidens Bohlin 1937 [synonym], Desmatolagus radicidens Teilhard de Chardin 1926 [synonym], Desmatolagus shargaltensis Bohlin 1937 [synonym], Procaprolagus mongolicus Gureev 1960 [synonym], Procaprolagus orlovi Gureev 1960 [synonym], Sinolagomys tatalgolicus Gureev 1960 [synonym]
†Desmatolagus orlovi Gureev 1960
†Desmatolagus periaralicus Lopatin 1998
†Desmatolagus pusillus Teilhard de Chardin 1926
†Desmatolagus robustus Matthew and Granger 1923
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Invalid names: Agispelagus youngi Gureev 1960 [synonym], Procaprolagus maximus Gureev 1960 [synonym]
†Desmatolagus simplex Argyropulo 1940
†Desmatolagus veletus Lopatin 1998
†Desmatolagus vetustus Burke 1941
†Desmatolagus vusillus Storer 1984
†Desmatolagus youngi Gureev 1960
Invalid names: Agispelagus Argyropulo 1939 [synonym], Procaprolagus Gureev 1960 [synonym]
G. †Dituberolagus Tong 1997
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G. †Gobiolagus Burke 1941
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†Gobiolagus aliwusuensis Fostowicz-Frelik et al. 2012
†Gobiolagus burkei Meng et al. 2005
†Gobiolagus gromovi Erbajeva 1999
†Gobiolagus hekkeri Shevyreva 1995
†Gobiolagus lii Zhang et al. 2001
†Gobiolagus major Burke 1941
†Gobiolagus tolmachovi Burke 1941
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Invalid names: Gobiolagus andrewsi Burke 1941 [synonym]
G. †Hypsimylus Zhai 1977
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†Hypsimylus yihesubuensis Meng and Hu 2004
G. †Lagotherium Pictet 1853
G. †Lepoides White 1988
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†Lepoides lepoides White 1988
Subfm. †Leporinae Trouessart 1880
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G. †Alilepus Dice 1931
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†Alilepus browni Hay 1921
†Alilepus dietrichi Fejfar 1961
†Alilepus hibbardi White 1991
†Alilepus vagus Gazin 1934
†Alilepus wilsoni White 1991
Invalid names: Allolagus Dice 1929 [synonym]
G. Brachylagus Miller 1900 [pygmy rabbit]
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G. Caprolagus Blyth 1845
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Caprolagus hispidus Pearson 1839 [hispid hare]
G. Lepus Linnaeus 1758 [hare]
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Lepus alleni Mearns 1890 [antelope jackrabbit]
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Invalid names: Lepus giganteus Brown 1908 [synonym]
Lepus americanus Erxleben 1777 [snowshoe hare]
Lepus arcticus Ross 1819
†Lepus benjamini Hay 1921
Lepus californicus Gray 1837 [black-tailed jackrabbit]
Lepus callotis Wagler 1830
Lepus capensis Linnaeus 1758 [cape hare]
†Lepus ennisianus Cope 1881
Lepus europaeus Pallas 1778 [European hare]
Lepus othus Merriam 1900
Lepus somaliensis Heuglin 1861
Lepus timidus Linnaeus 1758 [mountain hare]
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Invalid names: Lepus hibernicus Bell 1837 [synonym], Lepus variabilis Pallas 1778 [synonym]
Lepus townsendii Bachman 1839 [white-tailed jackrabbit]
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Invalid names: Lepus campestris Bachman 1837 [synonym]
Lepus whytei Thomas 1894
G. Nesolagus Forsyth Major 1899 [striped rabbit]
G. Oryctolagus Lilljeborg 1874
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Oryctolagus cuniculus Linnaeus 1758 [European rabbit]
Invalid names: Cuniculus Meyer 1790 [synonym]
G. Pentalagus Lyon 1904 [Amami rabbit]
G. †Pliolagus Kormos 1934
G. †Pliosiwalagus Patnaik 2001
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†Pliosiwalagus sivalensis Forsyth Major 1899
†Pliosiwalagus whitei Patnaik 2001
G. †Pratilepus Hibbard 1939
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†Pratilepus kansasensis Hibbard 1939
G. †Pronolagus Lyon 1904
G. Romerolagus Merriam 1896 [volcano rabbit]
G. †Serengetilagus Dietrich 1941
G. †Lushilagus Li 1965
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†Lushilagus danjiangensis Tong and Lei 1987
G. †Nekrolagus Hibbard 1939
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†Nekrolagus progressus Hibbard 1939
Invalid names: Pediolagus Hibbard 1939 [synonym]
G. †Nuralagus Quintana et al. 2011
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†Nuralagus rex Quintana et al. 2011
G. †Ordolagus de Muizon 1977
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†Ordolagus teilhardi Burke 1941
Subfm. †Palaeolaginae Dice 1929
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G. †Litolagus Dawson 1958
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†Litolagus molidens Dawson 1958
G. †Megalagus Walker 1931
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†Megalagus abaconis Hayes 2000
†Megalagus brachyodon Matthew 1903
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Invalid names: Desmatolagus dicei Burke 1936 [synonym]
†Megalagus dawsoni Black 1961
†Megalagus primitivus Schlaikjer 1935
†Megalagus turgidus Cope 1873
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Invalid names: Palaeolagus triplex Cope 1873 [synonym], Tricium paniense Cope 1873 [synonym]
G. †Mytonolagus Burke 1934
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†Mytonolagus petersoni Burke 1934
G. †Palaeolagus Leidy 1856
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†Palaeolagus burkei Schlaikjer 1935
†Palaeolagus haydeni Leidy 1856
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Invalid names: Archaeolagus striatus Walker 1931 [synonym], Palaeolagus agapetillus Cope 1873 [synonym], Protolagus affinus Walker 1931 [synonym], Tricium annae Cope 1873 [synonym], Tricium avunculus Cope 1873 [synonym], Tricium leporinum Cope 1873 [synonym]
†Palaeolagus hemirhizis Korth and Hageman 1988
†Palaeolagus hypsodus Schlaikjer 1935
†Palaeolagus intermedius Matthew 1899
†Palaeolagus philoi Dawson 1958
†Palaeolagus primus Emry and Gawne 1986
†Palaeolagus temnodon Douglass 1902
Invalid names: Protolagus Walker 1931 [synonym], Tricium Cope 1873 [synonym]
G. †Paranotolagus Miller and Carranza-Castaneda 1982
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†Paranotolagus complicatus Miller and Carranza-Castaneda 1982
G. †Pewelagus White 1984
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†Pewelagus dawsonae White 1984
†Pewelagus mexicanus Miller and Carranza-Castaneda 1982
G. †Pliopentalagus Gureev and Konkova 1964
G. †Pronotolagus White 1991
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†Pronotolagus albus Voorhies and Timperley 1997
†Pronotolagus whitei Korth 1998
G. †Sardolagus Angelone et al. 2018
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†Sardolagus obscurus Angelone et al. 2018
G. †Shamolagus Burke 1941
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†Shamolagus grangeri Burke 1941
†Shamolagus medius Burke 1941
G. Sylvilagus Gray 1867 [cottontail rabbit]
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Subg. Sylvilagus (Limnolagus) Mearns 1897
Subg. Sylvilagus (Tapeti) Gray 1867
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Sylvilagus aquaticus Bachman 1837 [swamp rabbit]
Sylvilagus audubonii Baird 1858 [desert cottontail]
Sylvilagus bachmani Waterhouse 1839
Sylvilagus boylei Allen 1916
Sylvilagus brasiliensis Linnaeus 1758 [tapeti]
Sylvilagus cunicularius Waterhouse 1848 [Mexican cottontail]
Sylvilagus floridanus Allen 1890 [eastern cottontail]
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Invalid names: Lepus sylvaticus Bachman 1837 [replaced]
Sylvilagus gabbi Allen 1877
†Sylvilagus hibbardi White 1984
Sylvilagus idahoensis Merriam 1891 [pygmy rabbit]
†Sylvilagus leonensis Cushing 1945
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Invalid names: Sylvilagus palustrellus Gazin 1950 [synonym]
Sylvilagus nuttallii Bachman 1837 [mountain cottontail]
Sylvilagus palustris Bachman 1837 [marsh rabbit]
†Sylvilagus webbi White 1991
G. †Tachylagus Storer 1992
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†Tachylagus gawneae Storer 1992
G. †Trischizolagus Radulesco and Samson 1967
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†Trischizolagus dumitrescuae Radulesco and Samson 1967
†Trischizolagus maritsae de Bruijn et al. 1970
†Trischizolagus mirificus Qiu and Storch 2000
G. †Veterilepus Radulesco and Samson 1967
G. †Zaissanolagus Erbajeva 1999
Invalid names: Caviina Gray 1825 [empty], Hydrocharina Gray 1825 [empty], Lagomina Gray 1825 [empty], Leporina Gray 1825 [empty], Leporinorum Fischer de Waldheim 1817 [replaced], Mytonolaginae Burke 1941 [empty]
Fm. Ochotonidae Thomas 1897 [pika]
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G. †Amphilagus Tobien 1974
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†Amphilagus magnus Erbajeva 2013
†Amphilagus orientalis Erbajeva 2013
†Amphilagus plicadentis Erbajeva 2013
†Amphilagus tomidai Erbajeva et al. 2016
G. †Bellatona Dawson 1961
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†Bellatona forsythmajori Dawson 1961
†Bellatona kazakhstanica Erbajeva 1988
†Bellatona yanghuensis Zhou 1988
G. †Bohlinotona Muizon 1977
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†Bohlinotona pusilla Teilhard de Chardin 1926
G. †Cuyamalagus Hutchison and Lindsay 1974
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†Cuyamalagus dawsoni Hutchison and Lindsay 1974
G. †Gripholagomys Green 1972
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†Gripholagomys lavocati Green 1972
G. †Hesperolagomys Clark et al. 1964
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†Hesperolagomys galbreathi Clark et al. 1964
G. Ochotona Link 1795 [pika]
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Ochotona collaris Nelson 1893
Ochotona daurica Pallas 1776
Ochotona princeps Richardson 1828 [American pika]
†Ochotona spanglei Shotwell 1956
†Ochotona valerotae Erbayeva et al. 2001
†Ochotona whartoni Guthrie and Matthews, Jr. 1971
Subfm. †Ochotoninae Thomas 1897
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G. †Albertona Lopez-Martinez 1986
G. †Alloptox Dawson 1961
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†Alloptox anatoliensis Unay and Sen 1976
†Alloptox chinghaiensis Qiu et al. 1981
†Alloptox gobiensis Dawson 1961
†Alloptox minor Li 1978
G. †Lagopsis Schlosser 1894
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†Lagopsis verus Hensel 1856
G. †Marcuinomys Groizet 1839
G. †Ochotonoides Teilhard de Jardin and Young 1931
G. †Ochotonoma Sen 1998
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†Ochotonoma anatolia Sen 1998
G. †Pliolagomys Erbajeva 1983
G. †Proochotona Chomenko 1914
G. †Oklahomalagus Dalquest et al. 1996
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†Oklahomalagus whisenhunti Dalquest et al. 1996
G. †Paludotona Dawson 1959
G. †Piezodus Viret 1929
G. †Prolagus Pomel 1853
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†Prolagus crusafonti López Martinez 1977
†Prolagus oeningensis König 1825
†Prolagus sardus Wagner 1829
†Prolagus vasconiensis Viret 1930
†Prolagus vasconiensis fortis Alvarez Sierra et al. 1991
G. †Russellagus Storer 1970
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†Russellagus vonhofi Storer 1970
Subfm. †Sinolagomyinae Gureev 1960
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G. †Austrolagomys Stromer 1926
G. †Bellatonoides Sen 2003
G. †Heterolagus Crusafont et al. 1955
G. †Kenyalagomys MacInnes 1953
G. †Oreolagus Dice 1917
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†Oreolagus colteri Barnosky 1986
†Oreolagus nebrascensis McGrew 1941
†Oreolagus nevadensis Kellogg 1910
†Oreolagus wallacei Dawson 1965
†Oreolagus wilsoni Dawson 1965
G. †Sinolagomys Bohlin 1937
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†Sinolagomys badamae Erbajeva et al. 2017
†Sinolagomys gracilis Bohlin 1942
†Sinolagomys kansuensis Bohlin 1937
†Sinolagomys major Bohlin 1937
†Sinolagomys pachygnathus Li and Qiu 1980
G. †Titanomys von Meyer 1843
Invalid names: Lagomyidae Lilljeborg 1866 [synonym], Praotherium palatinum Cope 1871 [nomen dubium]
G. †Ochotonolagus Gureev 1960
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Fm. †Strenulagidae Averianov and Lopatin 2005
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G. †Aktashmys Averianov 1994
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†Aktashmys montealbus Averianov 1994
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Invalid names: Valerilagus reshetovi Shevyreva 1995 [synonym]
G. †Strenulagus Tong and Lei 1987
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†Strenulagus shipigouensis Tong and Lei 1987
†Strenulagus solaris Lopatin and Averianov 2006
G. †Tsaganolagus Li 1978
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†Tsaganolagus wangi Li 1978
Invalid names: Palaeolagidae Dice 1929 [empty], Shamolagus ninae Gabunia 1984 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Mimotonidae Li 1977
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Unr. †Mimolagidae Szalay 1985
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G. †Amar Dashzeveg and Russell 1988
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†Amar aleator Dashzeveg and Russell 1988
G. †Anatolimys Shevyreva 1994
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†Anatolimys rozhdestvenskii Shevyreva 1994
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Invalid names: Anatolmylus rozhdestvenskii Averianov 1994 [synonym]
Invalid names: Anatolmylus Averianov 1994 [synonym]
G. †Gomphos Shevyreva 1975
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†Gomphos elkema Shevyreva 1975
†Gomphos ellae Kraatz et al. 2009
†Gomphos progressus Li et al. 2016
†Gomphos shevyrevae Meng and Kraatz 2009
G. †Mimolagus Bohlin 1951
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†Mimolagus aurorae Fostowicz-Frelik et al. 2015
†Mimolagus rodens Bohlin 1951
G. †Mina Li et al. 2016
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†Mina hui Li et al. 2016
G. †Mimotona Li 1977
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†Mimotona lii Dashzeveg and Russell 1988
†Mimotona robusta Li 1977
†Mimotona wana Li 1977
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: scansorialsubc
Diet: insectivoresubc
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-09-06 20:43:42
Modified: 2005-09-06 22:44:32
Source: subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Ji et al. 2002, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Lillegraven 1979

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Early/Lower Paleocene to the top of the Holocene or 66.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 61.7 Ma

Collections (2045 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Early/Lower Paleocene66.0 - 61.7China (Anhui) Mimotona sp. (132943) Mimotona wana (132941)
Middle Paleocene61.7 - 58.7China (Anhui) Mimotona robusta (132942) Mimotona wana (132939) Mina hui (179025)
Ti161.7 - 56.8Canada (Alberta) Mimotonidae indet. (14939)
Late/Upper Paleocene58.7 - 55.8China (Anhui) Mimotona sp. (133426)
Late/Upper Paleocene58.7 - 55.8China (Nei Mongol) Gomphos sp. (133393)
Late/Upper Paleocene58.7 - 55.8Mongolia (Omnogov) Amar aleator (133396) Gomphos elkema (231042) Lagomorpha indet. (37008)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8India (Gujarat) Lagomorpha indet. (55494)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Kyrgyzstan (Osh) Romanolagus hekkeri, Aktashmys montealbus, Valerilagus reshetovi, Anatolmylus rozhdestvenskii (28490)
Irdinmanhan56.0 - 37.71Mongolia Mimolagus aurorae, Strenulagus solaris, Gomphos progressus (182485)
Sharamurunian56.0 - 37.71China (Henan) Gobiolagus sp., Strenulagus sp. (41120)
Sharamurunian56.0 - 37.71Mongolia Gobiolagus aliwusuensis (182486)
Bumbanian55.8 - 48.6Mongolia (Southern Mongolia) Gomphos elkema (37206)
Bumbanian55.8 - 48.6Mongolia (Omnogov) Gomphos elkema (133397 180676)
Bumbanian55.8 - 48.6China (Nei Mongol) Gomphos elkema (72202)
Early/Lower Eocene55.8 - 48.6China (Nei Mongol) Dawsonolagus antiquus (75275 226243)
Early/Lower Eocene - Late/Upper Eocene55.8 - 33.9China (Nei Mongol) Gomphos sp. (237401)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71Mongolia (Ovorhangai) Strenulagus solaris (93596 174740)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71China (Nei Mongol) Gobiolagus major, Desmatolagus vetustus, Gobiolagus andrewsi (61229) Gobiolagus sp. (174737) Gobiolagus sp., Gobiolagus tolmachovi, Shamolagus medius, Gobiolagus burkei (28786) Gobiolagus tolmachovi (176020) Gobiolagus tolmachovi, Shamolagus medius (174748) Lagomorpha indet. (174962) Mimolagus aurorae, Gobiolagus aliwusuensis (174721) Mimolagus aurorae, Strenulagus solaris (174722) Mimolagus rodens, Gomphos shevyrevae, Strenulagus solaris (89041) Palaeolaginae indet., Shamolagus grangeri (28792)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71China (Henan) Lushilagus lohoensis (46193)
Middle Eocene47.8 - 37.71China (Jiangsu) Lushilagus lohoensis, Lagomorpha indet. (37493)