Basic info Taxonomic history Classification Included Taxa
Morphology Ecology and taphonomy External Literature Search Age range and collections

Magnoliopsida

Magnoliopsida

Taxonomy
Magnoliopsida was named by Cronquist et al. (1996). It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Jud (2011).

It was assigned to Tracheophyta by McIver and Basinger (1993); to Magnoliophyta by Hueber (1983), Upchurch and Dilcher (1990), Upchurch et al. (1994), McLoughlin et al. (1995); to Magnolidra by Kenrick and Crane (1997); and to Spermatophyta by Jud (2011).

Subtaxa
Aextoxicoxylon, Ailanthipites, Albertipollenites, Araliaceoipollenites, Archihicoria, Argophyllites, Astrapaeites, Baculamonocolpites, Banksicarpus, Basopollis, Brevitricolpites, Calligonopsis, Callistopollenites, Caloda, Carpestella, Catinipollis, Celastrophyllum, Clavatricolpites, Colombipollis, Coprosmaephyllum, Cupanoides, Cupulicarpus, Curvimonocolpites, Dicotetradites, Dicotylophyllum, Diospyrophyllum, Dryoxylon (syn. Magnolites), Duplotriporites, Echimonocolpites, Echitetracolpites, Favitricolporites, Forcipites, Foveodiporites, Foveotricolporites, Foveotriporites, Gambierina, Gemmamonocolpites, Gemmatricolpites, Haloragacidites, Horniella, Icacinoxylon, Jandufouria, Kachaikenia, Kenella, Ladakhipollenites, Lefipania, Malvacipollis, Metcalfeoxylon, Parsonsidites, Periporopollenites, Periretisyncolpites, Poloretitricolpites, Polycolpites, Polyporina, Psilatricolporites, Quadraplanus, Quereuxia (syn. Trapago), Retitricolporites, Rhoipites, Rousea, Samaravectis, Scabrastephanocolpites, Senipites, Siltaria, Srivastavapollenites, Striatopollis, Striatricolporites, Syndemicolpites, Tetracolporites, Thorhallenia, Thorphyllum, Tricolporites, Ulmoideipites, Verrustephanoporites, Xanthophyllaceae

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1983Magnoliopsida Hueber p. 272
1990Magnoliopsida Upchurch and Dilcher
1993Magnoliopsida McIver and Basinger
1994Magnoliopsida Upchurch et al.
1995Magnoliopsida McLoughlin et al.
1996Magnoliopsida Cronquist et al.
1997Magnoliopsida Kenrick and Crane
2011Magnoliopsida Jud

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomPlantae
phylumSpermatophyta
RankNameAuthor
classMagnoliopsidaCronquist et al. 1996
classMagnoliopsidaCronquist et al. 1996

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Cl. Magnoliopsida Cronquist et al. 1996
show all | hide all
G. †Aextoxicoxylon Nishida et al. 1988
+
†Aextoxicoxylon kawasianus Vera et al. 2020
G. †Ailanthipites Wodehouse 1933
+
†Ailanthipites diminutus De Benedetti et al. 2023
†Ailanthipites feruglioi De Benedetti et al. 2023
†Ailanthipites hexagonalis De Benedetti et al. 2023
†Ailanthipites mulleri Milne 1988
G. †Albertipollenites Srivastava 1969
+
†Albertipollenites anguloluminosus Archangelsky 1973
+
Invalid names: Tricolpites anguloluminosus Anderson 1960 [replaced]
†Albertipollenites perforatus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
+
Invalid names: Retitricolpites perforatus González-Guzmán 1967 [synonym]
†Albertipollenites rosalindae Schrank and Ibrahim 1995
G. †Araliaceoipollenites Potonié 1960
+
†Araliaceoipollenites matanamadhensis Venkatachala and Kar 1969
†Araliaceoipollenites psilatus Dutta and Sah 1970
†Araliaceoipollenites reticulatus Dutta and Sah 1970
G. †Archihicoria Barbour 1898
+
†Archihicoria siouxensis Barbour 1898
G. †Argophyllites Deane 1902
+
†Argophyllites levis Deane 1902
G. †Astrapaeites Langeron 1899
+
†Astrapaeites pumicosus Langeron 1899
G. †Baculamonocolpites Sole de Porta 1971
+
†Baculamonocolpites hammenii Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
G. †Banksicarpus Velenovsky and Viniklar 1927
+
†Banksicarpus cretaseus Velenovsky and Viniklar 1927
G. †Basopollis Pflug 1953
G. †Brevitricolpites González-Guzmán 1967
+
†Brevitricolpites macroexinatus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
†Brevitricolpites microechinatus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
†Brevitricolpites variabilis González-Guzmán 1967
G. †Calligonopsis Massalongo 1859
+
†Calligonopsis strumphsioides Massalongo 1857
G. †Callistopollenites Srivastava 1969
G. †Caloda Dilcher and Kovach 1986
+
†Caloda delevoryana Dilcher and Kovach 1986
G. †Carpestella von Balthazar et al. 2008
G. †Catinipollis Krutzsch 1966
+
G. †Celastrophyllum Goeppert 1854
+
†Celastrophyllum acutidens Fontaine 1889
+
Invalid names: Celastrophyllum obtusidens Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Celastrophyllum pulchrum Ward 1899 [synonym], Myrica brookensis Fontaine 1889 [synonym]
†Celastrophyllum arcinerve Fontaine 1889
†Celastrophyllum attenuatum Goeppert 1854
†Celastrophyllum crassipes Lesquereux 1891
†Celastrophyllum cretaceum Lesquereux 1891
†Celastrophyllum ensifolium Lesquereux 1871
+
Invalid names: Celastrophyllum saliciforme Ward 1905 [synonym]
†Celastrophyllum latifolium Fontaine 1889
+
Invalid names: Celastrophyllum obovatum Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Celastrophyllum tenuinerve Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Proteaephyllum uhleri Fontaine 1905 [synonym]
†Celastrophyllum minus Hollick 1895
†Celastrophyllum myrsinoides Lesquereux 1891
†Celastrophyllum obliquum Knowlton 1891
†Celastrophyllum parvifolium Fontaine 1889
+
Invalid names: Celastrophyllum brookense Fontaine 1889 [synonym], Saliciphyllum ellipticum Fontaine 1889 [synonym]
†Celastrophyllum robustum Newberry 1895
†Celastrophyllum spatulatum Newberry 1895
†Celastrophyllum undulatum Newberry 1895
G. †Clavatricolpites van Hoeken-Klinkenberg 1964
+
†Clavatricolpites crotonoisculptus van Hoeken-Klinkenberg 1964
†Clavatricolpites densiclavatus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
†Clavatricolpites gracilis González-Guzmán 1967
G. †Colombipollis Sarmiento 1992
+
†Colombipollis tropicalis Sarmiento 1992
G. †Coprosmaephyllum Deane 1904
+
G. †Cupanoides Bowerbank 1840
+
†Cupanoides corrugatus Bowerbank 1840
†Cupanoides depressus Bowerbank 1840
†Cupanoides grandis Bowerbank 1840
†Cupanoides inflatus Bowerbank 1840
†Cupanoides lobatus Bowerbank 1840
†Cupanoides peruvianus Berry 1927
†Cupanoides pygmaeus Bowerbank 1840
†Cupanoides subangulatus Bowerbank 1840
†Cupanoides tumidus Bowerbank 1840
G. †Cupulicarpus Velenovsky and Viniklar 1929
+
†Cupulicarpus fechtneri Velenovsky and Viniklar 1929
G. †Curvimonocolpites Leidelmeyer 1966
+
†Curvimonocolpites inornatus Leidelmeyer 1966
G. †Dicotetradites Couper 1953
+
†Dicotetradites reticulatus Dutta and Sah 1970
G. Dicotylophyllum Saporta 1894
+
†Dicotylophyllum aliquantuliserratum Upchurch and Dilcher 1990
†Dicotylophyllum angularis Upchurch and Dilcher 1990
†Dicotylophyllum cordatum Lakhanpal and Guleria 1981
†Dicotylophyllum dioscoreoides Singh and Prakash 1980
†Dicotylophyllum expansolobum Upchurch and Dilcher 1990
†Dicotylophyllum hansonium Peppe and Hickey 2014
+
Invalid names: Acer indivisum Lesquereux 1883 [synonym]
+
Invalid names: Acer arida Axelrod 1950 [synonym]
†Dicotylophyllum myrtophylloides Upchurch and Dilcher 1990
†Dicotylophyllum ovatodecurrens Upchurch et al. 1994
†Dicotylophyllum panandhroensis Lakhanpal and Guleria 1981
†Dicotylophyllum pinnatifidum Reid and Chandler 1926
†Dicotylophyllum quadrinervatum Lakhanpal and Guleria 1981
†Dicotylophyllum rosafluviatilis Upchurch and Dilcher 1990
†Dicotylophyllum silberlingii Wolfe and Tanai 1987
†Dicotylophyllum trilobum Newberry 1868
+
Invalid names: Acer newberryi Brown 1962 [synonym]
†Dicotylophyllum visibilis Hollick 1936
Invalid names: Dicotylophyllum agashi Sheikh 1973 [nomen nudum], Dicotylophyllum chitalii Sheikh 1973 [nomen nudum], Dicotylophyllum patilii Sheikh 1973 [nomen nudum]
G. †Diospyrophyllum Velenovsky 1889
G. †Dryoxylon Schleiden 1853
+
†Dryoxylon chitaense Yasui 1928
†Dryoxylon intertrappea Trivedi 1976
†Dryoxylon jenense Schleiden 1853
†Dryoxylon mahurzarii Trivedi 1976
†Dryoxylon mohgaoense Rode 1936
†Dryoxylon nahanai Prakash 1975
†Dryoxylon tiliaceoides Trivedi 1976
Invalid names: Dryoxylon simarubaceus Trivedi et al. 1975 [nomen nudum], Magnolites Tuzson 1909 [synonym]
G. †Duplotriporites Sarmiento 1992
+
†Duplotriporites ariani Sarmiento 1992
G. †Echimonocolpites der Hammen and de Mutis 1965
+
†Echimonocolpites acus Christopher and Prowell 2010
†Echimonocolpites densus González-Guzmán 1967
†Echimonocolpites minutus Salard-Cheboldaeff 1978
†Echimonocolpites rarispinosus Salard-Cheboldaeff 1978
†Echimonocolpites ruedae Van der Hammen 1954
†Echimonocolpites semiperspinosum Christopher and Prowell 2010
G. †Echitetracolpites Song 1993
+
†Echitetracolpites tenuiexinatus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
G. †Favitricolporites Sah 1967
+
†Favitricolporites australis Archangelsky 1973
†Favitricolporites complex Sah and Dutta 1968
†Favitricolporites medireticulatus Mathur and Mathur 1969
G. †Forcipites Dettmann and Jarzen 1988
+
†Forcipites longus Dettmann and Jarzen 1988
†Forcipites sabulosus Dettmann and Jarzen 1988
†Forcipites stipulatus Dettmann and Jarzen 1988
G. †Foveodiporites Varma and Rawat 1963
+
†Foveodiporites guianensis Wijmstra 1971
G. †Foveotricolporites Pierce 1961
+
†Foveotricolporites caldensis González-Guzmán 1967
†Foveotricolporites crassiexinus van Hoeken-Klinkenberg 1966
†Foveotricolporites fossulatus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
†Foveotricolporites gonzalezii Salard-Cheboldaeff 1978
†Foveotricolporites marginatus González-Guzmán 1967
†Foveotricolporites rugulatus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
†Foveotricolporites voluminosus González-Guzmán 1967
G. †Foveotriporites González-Guzmán 1967
+
†Foveotriporites hammenii González-Guzmán 1967
G. †Gambierina Harris 1972
G. †Gemmamonocolpites Van der Hammen and Garcia 1966
+
†Gemmamonocolpites amicus González-Guzmán 1967
†Gemmamonocolpites barbatus González-Guzmán 1967
†Gemmamonocolpites chubutensis De Benedetti et al. 2023
†Gemmamonocolpites gemmatus Van der Hammen and Garcia 1966
†Gemmamonocolpites ovatus González-Guzmán 1967
†Gemmamonocolpites perfectus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
G. †Gemmatricolpites van Hoeken-Klinkenberg 1964
+
†Gemmatricolpites pulcher González-Guzmán 1967
†Gemmatricolpites scabratus van Hoeken-Klinkenberg 1964
†Gemmatricolpites subsphaericus Archangelsky 1973
G. †Haloragacidites Couper 1953
+
†Haloragacidites harrisii Mildenhall and Harris 1971
†Haloragacidites neyvelii Ramanujam 1966
G. †Horniella Traverse 1955
G. †Icacinoxylon Shilkina 1956
+
†Icacinoxylon citronelloides Schilkina 1956
†Icacinoxylon pittiense Thayne et al. 1985
G. †Jandufouria Germeraad et al. 1968
+
†Jandufouria minor Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
G. †Kachaikenia Cunéo and Gandolfo 2005
+
†Kachaikenia compuesta Cunéo and Gandolfo 2005
G. †Kenella Samylina 1968
+
†Kenella harrisiana Samylina 1968
G. †Ladakhipollenites Mathur and Jain 1980
+
†Ladakhipollenites rubinii Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
†Ladakhipollenites simplex Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
G. †Lefipania Martinez et al. 2018
+
†Lefipania padillae Martinez et al. 2018
G. †Malvacipollis Harris 1965
+
†Malvacipollis argentina Zamaloa and Romero 1990
†Malvacipollis diversus Harris 1965
†Malvacipollis subtilis Stover 1973
G. †Metcalfeoxylon Wheeler et al. 1995
G. †Parsonsidites Couper 1960
+
†Parsonsidites multiporus Mildenhall 1960
†Parsonsidites psilatus Couper 1960
G. †Periporopollenites Pflug and Thomson 1953
+
†Periporopollenites delicatus De Benedetti et al. 2023
†Periporopollenites pallidus Truswell and Owens 1988
†Periporopollenites stigmosus Thomson and Pflug 1953
†Periporopollenites vesicus Partridge 1973
G. †Periretisyncolpites Kieser and Jan du Chene 1979
+
†Periretisyncolpites giganteus Kieser and Jan du Chene 1979
†Periretisyncolpites magnosagenatus Kieser and Du Chene 1979
G. †Poloretitricolpites Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
+
†Poloretitricolpites absolutus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
G. †Polycolpites Couper 1953
+
†Polycolpites cooksonii Sah and Dutta 1966
†Polycolpites flavatus Sah and Kar 1970
†Polycolpites ghoshii Ramanujam 1966
†Polycolpites granulatus Sah and Kar 1970
†Polycolpites langstonii Stover 1973
†Polycolpites multirimatus Dutta and Sah 1970
†Polycolpites obscurus Sah and Dutta 1966
†Polycolpites ornatus Dutta and Sah 1970
†Polycolpites speciosus Dutta and Sah 1970
†Polycolpites vimalii Sah and Dutta 1966
+
Invalid names: Octacolpites brevicolpa Baksi 1962 [synonym]
G. †Polyporina Potonié 1960
+
†Polyporina excellens Sah and Dutta 1968
†Polyporina kashmirensis Thiergart and Frantz 1962
†Polyporina mediporus Mathur and Mathur 1969
†Polyporina romeroi Archangelsky 1973
G. †Psilatricolporites Pierce 1961
+
†Psilatricolporites crassus Van der Hammen and Wymstra 1964
†Psilatricolporites cyamus Van der Hammen and Wijmstra 1964
†Psilatricolporites medius Gonzalez 1966
†Psilatricolporites minor Ramanujam 1966
†Psilatricolporites normalis González-Guzmán 1967
†Psilatricolporites obscurus González-Guzmán 1967
†Psilatricolporites optimus González-Guzmán 1967
†Psilatricolporites salamanquensis Archangelsky and Zamaloa 1986
†Psilatricolporites undulatus Salard-Cheboldaeff 1978
†Psilatricolporites vanus González-Guzmán 1967
G. †Quadraplanus Stover and Partridge 1973
+
†Quadraplanus brossus Stover and Partridge 1973
G. †Quereuxia Kryshtofovich 1953
+
†Quereuxia angulata Newberry 1953
Invalid names: Trapago McIver and Basinger 1993 [synonym]
G. †Retitricolporites Van der Hammen and Wymstra 1964
+
†Retitricolporites annae Van der Hammen and Garcia de Mutis 1966
†Retitricolporites annaeoides Van der Hammen and Garcia de Mutis 1966
†Retitricolporites annulatus Salard-Cheboldaeff 1978
†Retitricolporites chubutensis Archangelsky 1973
†Retitricolporites craceus González-Guzmán 1967
†Retitricolporites crassicostatus van Hoeken-Klinkenberg 1966
†Retitricolporites ellipticus van Hoeken-Klinkenberg 1966
†Retitricolporites equatorialis González-Guzmán 1967
†Retitricolporites finitus González-Guzmán 1967
†Retitricolporites ganganensis De Benedetti et al. 2023
†Retitricolporites ghoshii Ramanujam 1966
†Retitricolporites irupensis De Benedetti et al. 2023
†Retitricolporites marianis González-Guzmán 1967
†Retitricolporites minutiformis Truswell and Owen 1988
†Retitricolporites ogowensis Boltenhagen 1976
†Retitricolporites profundus González-Guzmán 1967
†Retitricolporites saskiae González-Guzmán 1967
†Retitricolporites striatoides Salard-Cheboldaeff 1978
G. †Rhoipites Wodehouse 1933
+
†Rhoipites alveolatus Couper 1953
†Rhoipites baculatus Archangelsky 1973
†Rhoipites bradleyi Wodehouse 1933
†Rhoipites cienagensis Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
+
Invalid names: Retitricolporites cienagensis Dueñas 1980 [replaced]
†Rhoipites cienaguensis Barreda 1997
†Rhoipites exiguus Pocknall 1982
†Rhoipites fragilis Mildenhall and Pocknall 1989
†Rhoipites guianensis Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
+
Invalid names: Retitricolporites guianensis Van der Hammen and Wymstra 1964 [replaced]
†Rhoipites hirtzi Boltenhagen 1967
†Rhoipites hirtzii Boltenhagen 1967
†Rhoipites hispidus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
+
Invalid names: Retitricolporites hispidus Van der Hammen and Wijmstra 1964 [replaced]
†Rhoipites karamuensis Pocknall 1985
†Rhoipites kutchensis Venkatachala and Kar 1969
†Rhoipites minusculus Archangelsky 1973
†Rhoipites nitidus Sah and Dutta 1968
†Rhoipites paranaensis Anzotegui and Garralla 1986
†Rhoipites romeroi Baldoni 1987
†Rhoipites santafesii Anzotegui and Garralla 1986
†Rhoipites squarrosus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
+
Invalid names: Retitricolporites squarrosus Van der Hammen and Wymstra 1964 [replaced]
†Rhoipites striatus Sah and Dutta 1966
G. †Rousea Srivastava 1969
+
†Rousea brenneri Singh 1983
†Rousea delicipollis Srivastava 1977
†Rousea florentina Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
+
Invalid names: Retitricolpites florentinus González-Guzmán 1967 [replaced]
†Rousea georgensis Dettmann 1973
†Rousea geranioides Srivastava 1977
†Rousea microreticulata Archangelsky and Zamaloa 1986
†Rousea miculipollis Srivastava 1975
†Rousea minuscula Archangelsky and Zamaloa 1986
†Rousea patagonica Archangelsky 1973
†Rousea prosimilis Srivastava 1975
†Rousea robusta De Benedetti et al. 2023
G. †Samaravectis Reid and Chandler 1926
+
†Samaravectis ovalis Reid and Chandler 1926
G. †Scabrastephanocolpites Van der Hammen and Garcia de Mutis 1966
+
†Scabrastephanocolpites lisamae Van der Hammen and Garcia de Mutis 1966
†Scabrastephanocolpites scabratus Van der Hammen and Garcia de Mutis 1966
†Scabrastephanocolpites vanegensis Van der Hammen and Garcia de Mutis 1966
G. †Senipites Srivastava 1969
+
†Senipites patagonica Barreda 1997
†Senipites tercrassata Archangelsky 1973
G. †Siltaria Traverse 1955
+
†Siltaria abouziarovae Frederiksen 1988
†Siltaria mariposa Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
+
Invalid names: Retitricolporites mariposus Leidelmeyer 1966 [replaced]
†Siltaria media Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
+
Invalid names: Retitricolporites medius González-Guzmán 1967 [replaced]
G. †Srivastavapollenites Ruiz and Quatrocchio 1993
+
†Srivastavapollenites exoticus Ruiz and Quatrocchio 1993
G. †Striatopollis Krutzsch 1959
+
†Striatopollis catatumbus Gonzalez-Guzman 1967
†Striatopollis dubius Burger 1976
†Striatopollis exiguus Archangelsky and Zamaloa 1986
†Striatopollis minor Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
+
Invalid names: Striatricolpites minor Wijmstra 1971 [replaced]
†Striatopollis paraneus Singh 1971
†Striatopollis sarstedtensis Krutzsch 1959
†Striatopollis tenuistriatus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
†Striatopollis variabilis Takahashi and Jux 1989
G. †Striatricolporites Leidelmeyer 1966
+
†Striatricolporites agustinus González-Guzmán 1967
†Striatricolporites digitatus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
†Striatricolporites fragilis Salard-Cheboldaeff 1978
†Striatricolporites gamerroi Archangelsky 1973
†Striatricolporites minor Muller 1968
†Striatricolporites pimulis Leidelmeyer 1966
G. †Syndemicolpites van Hoeken-Klinkenberg 1964
+
†Syndemicolpites petriellai Archangelsky 1973
†Syndemicolpites typicus van Hoeken-Klinkenberg 1964
G. †Tetracolporites Couper 1953
+
†Tetracolporites brevicolpus Dutta and Sah 1970
†Tetracolporites longicolpus Sah and Dutta 1968
†Tetracolporites onagraceoides Sah and Dutta 1968
†Tetracolporites pachyexinatus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
†Tetracolporites paucus Sah and Dutta 1968
†Tetracolporites psilatus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
†Tetracolporites spectabilis Pocknall and Mildenhall 1984
G. †Thorhallenia Passalia 2007
+
†Thorhallenia dentata Passalia 2007
G. †Thorphyllum Cunéo and Gandolfo 2005
+
†Thorphyllum patagonica Cunéo and Gandolfo 2005
G. †Tricolporites Cookson 1947
+
†Tricolporites distinctus Norvick and Burger 1975
†Tricolporites lillei Stover and Evans 1973
†Tricolporites prolata Cookson 1947
G. †Ulmoideipites Anderson 1960
G. †Verrustephanoporites Leidelmeyer 1966
+
†Verrustephanoporites simplex Leidelmeyer 1966
Invalid names: Magnoliophyceae [replaced], Xanthophyllaceae Reveal and Hoogland [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available