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Chordata

Taxonomy
Chordata was named by Haeckel (1874). It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Brusca et al. (2016).

It was reranked as the unranked clade Chordata by Nielsen (2012).

It was assigned to Metazoa by Shoshani et al. (1989), Sepkoski (2002); and to Deuterostomia by Zrzavy et al. (1998), Edgecombe et al. (2011), Nielsen (2012), Brusca et al. (2016).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1874Chordata Haeckel p. 410
1989Chordata Shoshani et al. p. 435
1998Chordata Zrzavy et al.
2002Chordata Sepkoski
2011Chordata Edgecombe et al. p. 153 figs. Fig. 1
2012Chordata Nielsen p. 348
2016Chordata Brusca et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
RankNameAuthor
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Ph. Chordata Haeckel 1874
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Subph. Cephalochordata Haeckel 1866 [lancelet]
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+
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G. Amphioxus Yarrell 1836
G. Branchiostoma Costa 1834
G. Dolichorhynchus Willey 1901
+
G. Epigonichthys Peters 1877
+
Invalid names: Asymmetron Andrews 1893 [synonym], Heteropleuron Kirkaldy 1895 [synonym], Paramphioxus Haeckel 1893 [synonym]
Invalid names: Asymmetrontidae [synonym]
G. †Cathaymyrus Shu et al. 1996
Cl. Leptocardii Müller 1845
+
+
+
G. Amphioxides Gill 1895
G. †Metaspriggina Simonetta and Insom 1993
+
†Metaspriggina walcotti Simonetta and Insom 1993
Fm. †Pikaidae Walcott 1911
+
G. †Oesia Walcott 1911
+
†Oesia disjuncta Walcott 1911
G. †Pikaia Walcott 1911
+
†Pikaia gracilens Walcott 1911
Subph. Tunicata Lamarck 1816 [tunicate]
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Cl. Ascidiacea Nielsen 1995 [sea squirt]
+
G. †Choanites Mantell 1822
Or. Enterogona Perrier 1898
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Fm. Didemnidae Milne Edwards 1841
+
G. †Micrascidites Deflandre and Deflandre-Rigaud 1956
Or. †Khmeriamorpha Wendt 2018
+
Fm. †Khmeriidae Montanaro Gallitelli 1954
+
G. †Imilce Flügel 1975
G. †Khmeria Mansuy 1914
+
Invalid names: Osium de Gregorio 1930 [synonym]
G. †Permosoma
G. †Zardinisoma Wendt 2018
Cl. Thaliacea Nielsen 1995
+
Invalid names: Doliolida [empty], Pyrosomida [empty], Salpida [empty]
G. †Megasiphon Nanglu et al. 2023
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†Megasiphon thylakos Nanglu et al. 2023
Invalid names: Urochordata Lankester 1877 [synonym]
G. †Undichna Anderson 1976
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†Undichna brittanica Higgs 1988
†Undichna unisulca de Gibert et al. 1999
Subph. Vertebrata Lamarck 1801 [vertebrate]
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Cl. Agnatha Cope 1889 [jawless fish]
+
G. †Anatolepis Brockelie and Fortey 1976
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†Anatolepis heintzi Brockelie and Fortey 1976
G. †Muzaffarabadmachli Malkani 2019
+
G. †Pircanchaspis Erdtmann et al. 2000
+
†Pircanchaspis rinconensis Erdtmann et al. 2000
G. †Saarolepis Robertson 1945
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Invalid names: Anaspis Robertson 1941 [replaced]
Invalid names: Loganiida Turner 1991 [empty], Myllokunmingiida Shu 2003 [empty], Pituriaspida Young 1991 [empty]
G. †Ammopus Lull 1915
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†Ammopus marshi Lull 1915
Supercl. †Anaspidomorphi
+
+
Fm. †Achanarellidae Newman and Trewin 2001
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G. †Achanarella Newman 2002
Fm. †Euphaneropidae Woodward 1900
+
G. †Ciderius van der Brugghen 2015
G. †Cornovichthys Newman and Trewin 2001
G. †Euphanerops Woodward 1900
G. †Lasanius Traquair 1898
Invalid names: Lasaniidae Goodrich 1909 [synonym]
Fm. †Jamoytiidae White 1946
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G. †Jamoytius White 1946
G. †Apedolepis Young 1997
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†Apedolepis tomlinsonae Young 1997
G. †Artenolepis Janvier 1974
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†Artenolepis golshanii Janvier 1974
Subph. Craniota
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Supercl. †Hypostomata Gadow 1898
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Invalid names: Ostracodermi [synonym]
Supercl. Cyclostomata Richards
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Cl. †Anaspida Traquair
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+
Fm. †Pharyngolepididae Kiær 1924
Fm. †Pterygolepididae Obruchev 1964
Fm. †Ramsaasalepididae Blom et al. 2003
Fm. †Septentrioniidae Blom et al. 2002
Fm. †Tahulalepididae Blom et al. 2002
Invalid names: Rhyncholepididae Kiaer 1924 [empty]
Or. Birkeniida Berg 1937
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G. †Cowielepis Blom 2008
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Fm. †Birkeniidae Traquair 1899
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Fm. †Endeiolepididae Stensiö 1939
Or. †Conodontophorida Eichenberg 1930
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G. †Angulodus
G. †Axiothea
G. †Cambropustula Müller and Hinz 1991
G. †Coelocerodontus Ethington 1959
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†Coelocerodontus trigonius Ethington 1959
Cl. †Conodonta Pander 1856 [conodont]
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G. †Acodina Stauffer
G. †Aldridgeodus Calner et al. 2008
G. †Aldridgeognathus Miller et al. 2017
Fm. †Amphigeisinidae Miller 1981
G. †Ancidontus Chen and Gong 1986
G. †Ancyrogondolella Budurov 1972
G. †Apteracontiodus Bauer 2010
Or. †Belodellida Sweet 1988
G. †Branmehla Haas 1959
G. †Chengyuania Kozur 1994
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Invalid names: Pseudogondolella Kozur 1990 [replaced]
Fm. †Coleodontidae Branson and Mehl 1944
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Invalid names: Archaeognathidae Miller 1969 [synonym]
G. †Costiconus Rasmussen 2001
G. †Dasytodus Chen and Gong 1986
G. †Diaphanodus Bagnoli 1987
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Invalid names: Stenodontus Chen and Gong 1986 [replaced], Vanwamelodus Apollonov 1984 [replaced]
Fm. †Distacodidae Ulrich and Bassler 1926
G. †Dolborodina Moskalenko 2003
G. †Enantiognathus Mosher and Clark 1965
Infracl. †Euconodonta Janvier 1997
G. †Fahraeosodus Stouge and Bagnoli 1988
G. †Falcodus Huddle 1934
G. †Gagievodus Baranov and Al'khovik 2003
G. †Gobduntaulepis Doweld 2014
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Invalid names: Acantholepis Pianovskij 1989 [replaced]
G. †Iowagnathus Liu et al. 2017
G. †Llandoverygnathus Walliser 1972
G. †Lundodus Bagnoli and Stouge 1997
G. †Minimodus Rasmussen 2001
G. †Nasusgnathus Ni 1983
G. †Noixodontus McCracken and Barnes 1982
G. †Omanognathus Miller et al. 2017
G. †Oslodus Zhang 1998
Or. †Ozarkodinida Dzik 1976
G. †Palmatodella Bassler 1925
Or. †Panderodontida Sweet 1988
G. †Pandorinella Müller and Müller 1957
Or. †Paraconodontida Müller 1962
G. †Parvigondolella Kozur and Mock 1972
G. †Pollognathus Kozur and Mostler 1970
Or. †Polyplacognathida Stouge and Bagnoli 1999
Or. †Prioniodontida Dzik 1976
G. †Pseudobelodella Armstrong 1990
G. †Rexroadus Zhang and Barnes 2002
G. †Rhynchognathodus Ethington 1959
G. †Rotundoconus An and Zhang 1983
G. †Sagittodontus Rhodes 1953
G. †Silurognathus Jeppsson 2005
G. †Spathognathodus Branson and Mehl 1941
G. †Tardogondolella Kozur and Mostler 1971
G. †Trichonodella Branson and Branson 1947
G. †Youngquistognathus Myshkina and Zhuravlev 2005
G. †Zygognathus Branson et al. 1951
Invalid names: Euconodonta Müller and Hinz 1991 [empty], Euconodonta Müller and Hinz 1991 [empty], Hindeodella andrusovi Kozur and Mostler 1972 [nomen dubium], Polygnathida Barskov 1995 [empty]
G. †Declinognathodus Dunn 1966
+
†Declinognathodus noduliferus Ellison and Graves 1941
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†Dichodella exilis Serpagli 1967
Superfm. †Distacodontacea Bassler 1925
+
Invalid names: Distacodontidae Bassler 1925 [empty], Teridontidae Miller 1981 [empty], Ulrichodinidae Bergstrom 1981 [empty]
G. †Elsonella
G. †Eocarniodus Orchard 1980
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†Eocarniodus gracilis Rhodes 1955
G. †Evencodus
G. †Exochognathus Pollock et al. 1970
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†Exochognathus brassfieldensis Branson and Branson 1947
†Exochognathus expansus Nicoll and Rexroad 1969
Superfm. †Hibbardellacea Mueller 1956
+
Fm. †Hibbardellidae Müller 1956
G. †Huddlella
G. †Istorinus Knüpfer 1967
+
†Istorinus erectus Knüpfer 1967
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Invalid names: Istorinus disymmetricus Knüpfer 1967 [synonym], Istorinus humilis Knüpfer 1967 [synonym], Istorinus postdentatus Knüpfer 1967 [synonym], Istorinus recurvus Knüpfer 1967 [synonym]
Fm. †Mestognathidae Austin and Rhodes 1981
+
G. †Mestognathus Bischoff
G. †Oligodus
G. †Ozarcodina Walliser
Superfm. †Panderodontacea Lindstrom 1970
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Invalid names: Scolopodontidae Bergstrom 1981 [empty]
G. †Paraprionodus Ethington and Clark 1982
G. †Playfordia Glenister and Klapper 1966
G. †Polygnathellus Branson and Mehl 1933
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†Polygnathellus emarginatus Branson and Mehl 1933
G. †Roundya
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†Roundya aurita Sannemann 1955
†Roundya laminata Branson and Mehl 1934
†Roundya latipennata Ziegler 1958
G. †Tuxekania
G. †Volgelgnathus Norby and Rexroad 1985
Invalid names: Chirognathacea Branson and Mehl 1944 [empty], Fryxellodontacea Miller 1981 [empty], Proconodontacea Miller 1981 [empty]
Cl. Myxini Jaekel 1911
+
G. †Myxineidus Poplin et al. 2001
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†Myxineidus gononorum Poplin et al. 2001
Or. Myxiniformes [hagfish]
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Fm. Myxinidae Rafinesque 1815
Invalid names: Hyperotreti [synonym]
G. †Myxinikela Bardack 1991
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†Myxinikela siroka Bardack 1991
Subcl. Myxinoidea [hagfish]
+
G. †Tethymyxine Miyashita et al. 2019
Cl. Petromyzontida Bonaparte 1831
+
Fm. †Gilpichthyidae Halstead 1993
+
G. †Gilpichthys Bardack and Richardson 1977
Fm. †Pipisciidae Halstead 1993
+
G. †Pipiscius Bardack and Richardson 1977
Invalid names: Hyperoartia Müller 1844 [synonym]
Invalid names: Hypospondyli Jaekel 1911 [empty], Marsipobranchii [synonym], Palaeospondyli Jaekel 1911 [empty], Petromyzontes [empty]
Unr. †Cyclostomi Duméril 1806
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G. †Squirmarius McCoy et al. 2023
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†Squirmarius testai McCoy et al. 2023
G. †Eosaurus Marsh 1862
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†Eosaurus acadianus Marsh 1862
Cl. †Galeaspida Liu 1965
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G. †Deanaspis Lin et al. 2025
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†Deanaspis longpingi Lin et al. 2025
G. †Diploholcaspis Wang et al. 2009
+
†Diploholcaspis daleensis Wang et al. 2009
G. †Microphymaspis Wang et al. 2002
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†Microphymaspis pani Wang et al. 2002
G. †Pseudoduyunaspis Wang et al. 1996
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†Pseudoduyunaspis bachuensis Wang et al. 1996
Supercl. Gnathostomata Gegenbauer 1874 [jawed fish]
+
Cl. †Acanthodii Owen 1846 [spiny fish]
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Or. †Acanthodiformes Berg 1940
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Fm. †Acanthodidae Huxley 1861
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Invalid names: Acanthoessidae Hay 1902 [synonym], Howittacanthidae Zajıc 1995 [synonym]
Fm. †Cheiracanthidae Bleeker 1859
Fm. †Mesacanthidae Moy-Thomas 1939
G. †Antarctonchus White 1968
+
G. †Archaeacanthus Kade 1858
+
G. †Byssacanthoides Woodward 1921
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†Byssacanthoides debenhami Woodward 1921
G. †Campylodus Rohon 1893
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†Campylodus delgadoi Priem 1911
†Campylodus sigmoides Rohon 1893
Or. †Climatiiformes Berg 1940
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Fm. †Brochoadmonidae Bernacsek and Dineley 1977
G. †Cassidiceps Gagnier and Wilson 1996
Fm. †Climatiidae Berg 1940
Fm. †Euthacanthidae Berg 1940
Fm. †Gyracanthidae Woodward 1906
G. †Hanilepis Wang and Dong 1989
G. †Pruemolepis Vieth-Schreiner 1983
Fm. †Vesperaliidae Valiukevicius and Burrow 2005
Or. †Diplacanthiformes Berg 1940
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G. †Bryantonchus Burrow 2007
Fm. †Culmacanthidae Long 1983
G. †Devononchus Gross 1940
Fm. †Diplacanthidae Woodward 1891
Fm. †Gladiobranchidae Bernacsek and Dineley 1977
G. †Eupleurogmus M'Coy 1890
+
G. †Gemuendolepis Gross 1973
+
†Gemuendolepis muelleri Gross 1973
G. †Haplacanthus Agassiz 1845
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†Haplacanthus marginalis Agassiz 1845
G. †Homacanthus Agassiz 1845
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†Homacanthus acinaciformis Eastman 1903
†Homacanthus arcuatus Agassiz 1844
†Homacanthus delicatulus Eastman 1903
†Homacanthus elegans Davis 1879
†Homacanthus gracilis Whiteaves 1889
†Homacanthus jaekeli Gross 1933
†Homacanthus macrodus M'Coy 1848
†Homacanthus microdus M'Coy 1848
†Homacanthus parvulus Newverry 1875
†Homacanthus sveteensis Gross 1942
Or. †Ischnacanthida Berg 1940
+
G. †Atopacanthus Hussakof and Bryant 1918
Or. †Ischnacanthiformes Berg 1940
+
G. †Acanthospina Valiukevicius 2003
Fm. †Acritolepidae Valiukevicius and Burrow 2005
Fm. †Ischnacanthidae Woodward 1891
G. †Podoliacanthus Voichyshyn and Szaniawski 2012
Fm. †Poracanthodidae Vergoossen 1997
G. †Serradentus Newman et al. 2019
Fm. †Tetanopsyridae Hanke and Wilson 1999
G. †Xylacanthus Orvig 1967
G. †Latviacanthus Schultze and Zidek 1982
+
†Latviacanthus ventspilsensis Schultze and Zidek 1982
G. †Lupopsyroides Hanke and Wilson 2004
+
†Lupopsyroides macracanthus Hanke and Wilson 2004
G. †Lupopsyrus Bernacsek and Dineley 1977
+
†Lupopsyrus pygmaeus Bernascek and Dineley 1977
Fm. †Machaeracanthidae Burrow and Young 2005
+
G. †Machaeracanthus Newberry 1857
G. †Monopleurodus Pander 1856
+
G. †Neoasiacanthus Wang et al. 1980
G. †Nodacosta Gross 1940
+
†Nodacosta gemuendensis Gross 1933
†Nodacosta pauli Gross 1940
†Nodocosta denisoni Burrow 2007
G. †Nodonchus White 1961
+
†Nodonchus bambusifer White 1961
Fm. †Onchidae Jordan 1923
+
G. †Leptocheles M'Coy 1853
G. †Naulas Agassiz 1845
G. †Onchus Agassiz 1837
G. †Paucicanthus Hanke 2002
+
†Paucicanthus vanelsti Hanke 2002
G. †Pinnacanthus Bryant 1934
+
G. †Promesacanthus Hanke 2008
+
†Promesacanthus eppleri Hanke 2008
G. †Ptychodictyon Gross 1973
+
†Ptychodictyon americanum Burrow 2007
†Ptychodictyon rimosum Gross 1973
†Ptychodictyon sulcatum Gross 1973
G. †Seretolepis Karatajute-Talimaa 1968
G. †Striacanthus Hills 1931
+
Fm. †Tchunacanthidae Karatajute-Talimaa and Smith 2003
+
G. †Lenacanthus Karatajute-Talimaa and Smith 2003
G. †Tchunacanthus Karatajute-Talimaa and Smith 2003
G. †Yealepis Burrow and Young 1999
Invalid names: Acanthodei Gunnell 1933 [replaced], Acanthodi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Acanthodida Berg 1940 [empty], Climatiida Berg 1940 [empty], Diplacanthi Jaekel 1911 [empty]
Cl. Chondrichthyes Huxley 1880 [cartilaginous fish]
+
+
Fm. †Altholepididae Andreev et al. 2015
Fm. †Tazakidae Andreev et al. 2015
Or. †Antarctilamniformes Ginter et al. 2008
+
Fm. †Antarctilamnidae Ginter et al. 2008
Fm. †Coronodontidae Harris 1951
Fm. †Bandringidae Zangerl 1969
+
G. †Bandringa Zangerl 1969
Or. †Bradyodontida Woodward 1921
+
Subor. †Chimaerina Zangerl 1981
G. †Jimpohlia Zangerl 1979
Superor. †Cladoselachimorpha
+
Or. †Symmoriiformes Zangerl 1981
Superor. †Ctenacanthimorpha
+
Or. †Ctenacanthiformes Glikman 1964
Or. †Squatinactiformes Zangerl 1981
G. †Doliodus Traquair 1893
+
†Doliodus latispinosus Traquair 1893
G. †Duplisuggestus Johns 1997
+
+
Fm. †Elegestolepididae Andreev et al. 2017
Fm. †Kannathalepididae Marss and Gagnier 2001
G. †Eucentrurus Traquair 1901
Subcl. Euselachii Hay 1902
+
G. †Acronemus Rieppel 1982
G. †Artiodus Ivanov and Duffin 2017
G. †Cheirostephanus Casier 1958
Infracl. Elasmobranchii Bonaparte 1838 [elasmobranch]
G. †Favusodus Li et al. 2022
Subor. †Galei
G. †Hueneichthys Reif 1977
Infracl. †Hybodonta
Fm. †Listracanthidae Martill et al. 2014
Unr. Neoselachii Compagno 1977
G. †Surcaudalus Leu 1989
G. †Tuberospina Lebedev 1995
Invalid names: Dasyatiformes [empty], Musteliformes [empty], Notidaniformes [empty], Scyliorhiniformes [empty], Squatinoidei Berg 1940 [empty], Squatinorajiformes [empty], Synechodontidae Casier 1947 [empty]
G. †Fasciodus Henry 1876
+
†Fasciodus pectinatus Henry 1876
G. †Geisacanthus St John and Worthen 1875
G. †Gladbachus Heidtke and Kratschmer 2001
+
†Gladbachus adentatus Heidtke and Kratschmer 2001
G. †Gogoselachus Long et al. 2015
+
†Gogoselachus lynnbeazleyae Long et al. 2015
G. †Gracilisuggestus Johns 1997
+
Subcl. Holocephali Bonaparte 1832 [chimaera]
+
G. †Delphyodontos Lund 1980
G. †Edaphodus Egerton 1836
+
Invalid names: Passalodon Buckland 1838 [synonym]
Or. †Eugeneodontiformes Zangerl 1981
Fm. †Gregoriidae Lund and Grogan 2004
Superor. †Holocephalomorpha Lund 1986
Fm. †Lagarodontidae Lebedev 2008
G. †Macrodontacanthus Romer 1942
G. †Menaspacanthus Patterson 1965
Or. †Orodontiformes Zangerl 1981
Or. †Petalodontiformes Zangerl 1981
Invalid names: Bradyodonti Arambourg and Bertin 1958 [synonym], Chimaeri Jaekel 1911 [empty], Debeeriformes [empty], Desmiodontidae Hansen 1985 [invalid subgroup], Desmiodus St. John and Worthen 1875 [nomen dubium], Euchondrocephali Lund and Grogan 1997 [synonym], Harpacanthidae Lund and Grogan 1997 [empty], Iniopterygiformes Zangerl and Case 1973 [empty], Paraselachiamorpha Lund 1977 [empty], Paraselachimorpha Lund 1977 [invalid subgroup], Trachyacanthi Jaekel 1911 [empty]
Infracl. †Holocephalimorpha Lund 1986
+
G. †Harpacanthus Traquair 1886
Or. †Iniopterygia Zangerl and Case 1973
+
Fm. †Iniopterygidae Zangerl and Case 1973
G. †Inioxyle
Fm. †Sibyrhynchidae Zangerl and Case 1973
+
G. †Kathemacanthus Gagnier and Wilson 1996
G. †Leonotus
G. †Machichnus Mikulas et al. 2006
+
†Machichnus bohemicus Mikulas et al. 2006
Or. †Mongolepidida Karatujute-Talimaa et al. 1990
+
Fm. †Mongolepididae Karatujute-Talimaa et al. 1990
Fm. †Shiqianolepidae Sansom et al. 2000
G. †Obtusacanthus Hanke and Wilson 2004
+
†Obtusacanthus corroconis Hanke and Wilson 2004
Or. †Omalodontiformes Turner 1997
+
Fm. †Aztecodontidae Hairapetian et al. 2008
Fm. †Omalodontidae Ginter et al. 2008
G. †Siberiodus Ivanov and Rodina 2004
Fm. †Palaeospondylidae Stürtz 1899
+
G. †Palaeospondylus Traquair 1890
Or. †Phoebodontiformes Ginter et al. 2002
+
Fm. †Jalodontidae Ginter et al. 2002
Fm. †Phoebodontidae Williams 1985
G. †Plesioselachus Anderson et al. 1999
+
†Plesioselachus macracanthus Anderson 1990
+
Fm. †Polymerolepididae Karatajute-Talimaa 1968
Fm. †Polysentoridae Zangerl 1979
+
G. †Polysentor Zangerl 1979
G. †Proprigalea Johns 1997
+
†Proprigalea languidula Johns 1997
†Proprigalea mediglabra Johns 1997
†Proprigalea medirugosa Johns 1997
Fm. †Protodontidae Woodward 1932
+
G. †Dendrodus Whiteaves 1897
G. †Protodus Woodward 1892
G. †Stigmodus Brotzen 1934
G. †Ptomacanthus Miles 1973
+
†Ptomacanthus anglicus Miles 1973
Fm. †Pucapampellidae Maisey et al. 2018
+
G. †Gydoselache Maisey et al. 2018
G. †Pucapampella Janvier and Riglos 1986
G. †Pucapumpella Maisey and Anderson 2001
G. †Qianodus Andreev et al. 2022
+
†Qianodus duplicis Andreev et al. 2022
G. †Shenacanthus Zhu et al. 2022
+
†Shenacanthus vermiformis Zhu et al. 2022
G. †Simmorius
Or. †Sinacanthida Andreev et al. 2020
+
Fm. †Sinacanthidae Min 1998
G. †Thaumatacanthus Waagen 1880
+
Fm. †Wellingtonellidae Marss et al. 2002
+
G. †Wellingtonella Marss et al. 2002
Superor. †Xenacanthimorpha
+
Or. †Bransonelliformes Hampe and Ivanov 2007
Or. †Xenacanthiformes Berg 1955
G. †Yuanolepis Andreev et al. 2020
+
†Yuanolepis bachunensis Andreev et al. 2020
Invalid names: Clamydoselachidae [empty], Ctenoptychius ordii Davis 1881 [nomen dubium], Desmiodontida Zangerl 1981 [empty], Mongolepidiformes [empty], Rhinobatiformes Müller and Henle 1837 [empty], Subterbranchialia Zangerl 1979 [empty]
+
Unr. Teleostomi Bonaparte 1836
+
Invalid names: Podopterygia Cope 1887 [empty], Rhipidopterygia Cope 1887 [empty]
Invalid names: Chondrichthyomorphi [empty]
G. †Janusiscus Giles et al. 2015
+
†Janusiscus schultzei Giles et al. 2015
G. †Minjinia Brazeau et al. 2020
+
†Minjinia turgenensis Brazeau et al. 2020
Cl. Osteichthyes Huxley 1880 [bony fish]
+
Subcl. Actinopterygii Cope 1887 [ray-finned fish]
+
Infracl. Actinopteri Cope 1871
G. †Austelliscus Figueroa et al. 2021
Infracl. Chondrostei Müller 1844
Infracl. Cladistia Cope 1870
Fm. †Coccocephalichthyidae Fowler 1951
Fm. †Coccolepidae Berg 1940
G. †Concentrilepis Stack and Gottfried 2022
Or. †Elonichthyiformes Kazantseva-Selezneva 1977
Or. †Eurynotoidiformes Minikh and Minikh 1990
G. †Gogosardina Choo et al. 2009
Unr. Halecostomi Regan 1903
Fm. †Haplolepidae Westoll 1944
Or. †Heteromi
Fm. †Howqualepididae Long et al. 2008
G. †Lambeia Mickle 2017
G. †Mesopoma R. H. Traquair 1890
Fm. †Mimiidae Gardiner 1993
G. †Pacorichthys Lombardo 2013
G. †Pickeringius Choo et al. 2018
Or. †Platysomiformes Aldinger 1937
G. †Pteronisculus White 1933
+
Invalid names: Glaucolepis Stensiö 1921 [replaced]
Or. †Redfieldiiformes Berg 1940
Or. †Rhadinichthyiformes Lowney 1980
Fm. †Scopelidae
G. †Tenupiscis Stack et al. 2025
Fm. †Tienshaniscidae Liu and Wang 1978
Fm. †Turseoidae Bock 1959
Fm. †Uighuroniscidae Su 1985
G. †Usclasichthys Heyler 1977
Invalid names: Amblypteriformes Heyler 1969 [empty], Berycomorphi [empty], Dorypteriformes [empty], Guildayichthyiformes Lund 2000 [empty], Gyrolepidoides multistriatus Rusconi 1948 [nomen dubium], Irajapintoseidae Beltan 1990 [empty], Phanerorhynchiformes [empty], Phanerosteoniformes Lowney 1980 [empty], Uydeniidae Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980 [empty]
Supercl. Actinopterygii Cope 1887 [ray-finned fish]
+
Fm. †Aesopichthyidae Poplin and Lund 2000
Subor. †Aetheospondyli Woodward 1895
G. †Aetheretmon White 1927
G. †Aethocephalichthys Fielitz et al. 1999
G. †Akanolepis Kazantseva-Selezneva 1981
G. †Ameghinichthys Arratia et al. 2004
G. †Anapterus Sauvage 1873
G. †Aneurolepis White and Moy-Thomas 1941
+
Invalid names: Urolepis Bellotti 1857 [replaced]
Or. †Asarotiformes Schaeffer 1968
G. †Atkinsonella Jordan and Gilbert 1920
G. †Australichthys Gardiner 1969
G. †Avamia Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
G. †Avonichthys Wilson et al. 2018
G. †Baoqingichthys Wang et al. 2007
G. †Beagiascus Mickle et al. 2009
G. †Bishofia Kazantseva 1968
G. †Bluefieldius Mickle 2018
G. †Burguklia Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
Fm. †Charleuxiidae Heyler 2000
G. †Chirothrix Zittel 1888
G. †Cuneognathus Friedman and Blom 2006
G. †Diplospondichthys Filleul and Dutheil 2004
Fm. †Discordichthyidae Minikh 1998
G. †Echidnocephalus von der Marck 1858
G. Engraulis Cuvier 1817
Subor. †Eurekichthyoidei Lowney 1980
G. †Eurypoma Huxley 1866
G. †Exocoetoides Davis 1887
Or. †Fubarichthyiformes Lowney 1980
G. †Guaymayenia Rusconi 1887
G. †Guntherichthys Mickle 2011
Fm. †Gyrolepidotidae Gardiner 1967
G. †Holuropsis Berg 1947
Or. †Isospondyli Cope 1887
G. †Kalops Poplin and Lund 2002
G. †Kansasiella Poplin 1974
G. †Kutaichthys Esin and Bakaev 2022
G. †Lineagruan Mickle et al. 2009
G. Mallotus Cuvier 1829
G. †Meemannia Zhu et al. 2006
G. †Meisenheimichthys Poschmann and Schindler 2004
G. †Ministrella Matveeva 1958
Fm. †Moythomasiidae Kazantseva 1971
G. †Neuburgichthys Schultze et al. 2021
G. †Nozamichthys Schultze and Bardack 1987
G. †Opistopteryx Pictet and Humbert 1866
G. †Oxypteriscus Matveeva 1958
G. †Pachylebias Woodward 1901
+
Invalid names: Aelia Costa 1860 [replaced]
G. †Palaeoneiros Giles et al. 2023
Or. †Palaeonisciformes Hay 1902
+
Invalid names: Bobasatraniiformes [synonym], Palaeoniscida [synonym]
Or. †Paramblypteriformes Heyler 1969
Subor. †Phanerosteonoidei Lowney 1980
G. †Phoebeannaia Caron et al. 2023
G. †Piratata Richter 2022
G. Protaulopsis Woodward 1901
G. †Raynerius Giles et al. 2015
G. †Rhynchorhinus Woodward 1901
G. †Roslerichthys Hamel 2005
G. †Schizospondylus Bayer 1905
G. †Spinofacia Mickle 2011
G. †Stegotrachelus Woodward and White 1926
G. †Tanyrhinichthys Gottfried 1987
G. †Terenolepis Burrow 1995
G. †Tetragonopterus Cuvier 1817
G. †Trawdenia Coates and Tietjen 2018
G. †Uranichthys Minikh 2009
G. †Yaomoshania Poplin et al. 1991
Invalid names: Bobastraniiformes [empty], Cenechoia paramillensis Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Cenechoia sulcata Rusconi 1947 [nomen dubium], Eurynotiformes Sallan and Coates 2013 [empty], Eurynotus uspallatensis Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Gyrolepidoides cuyanus Cabrera 1944 [nomen dubium], Lepidotus pectoralis Bellotti 1857 [nomen dubium], Lepidotus trotti Balsamo-Crivelli 1839 [nomen dubium], Neochallaia leonensis Rusconi 1952 [nomen dubium], Ophiopsis lariensis de Alessandri 1910 [nomen dubium], Palaeonisci [invalid subgroup], Palaeoniscimorpha Lund et al. 1995 [invalid subgroup], Palaeoniscoidae Rohon 1890 [invalid subgroup], Palaeoniscoidea [invalid subgroup], Pholidophorus dentatus Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Pholidophorus lepturus Bellotti 1857 [nomen dubium], Pholidophorus vallejensis Rusconi 1947 [nomen dubium], Polypteri [empty], Protospondyli Woodward 1895 [empty], Semionotus brevis Bellotti 1857 [nomen dubium], Semionotus dubius Bellotti 1857 [nomen dubium], Semionotus inornatus Henry 1876 [nomen dubium], Semionotus mendozaensis Geinitz 1885 [nomen dubium], Semionotus unicristatus Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Semionotus vallejensis Rusconi 1950 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Andreolepididae Märss 2001
+
G. †Andreolepis Gross 1968
+
G. †Beckius David 1946
G. Coregonus Linnaeus 1758
G. †Parastenodus David 1946
G. †Crenilepis Reis 1887
+
†Crenilepis sandbergeri Dames 1888
G. †Cyclotomodon Cope 1876
+
†Cyclotomodon vagrans Cope 1876
+
G. †Dialipina Schultze 1968
Or. Ganoidei Agassiz
+
Subor. Lepidosteidae Owen 1859
Invalid names: Glaniostomi [empty], Lepidoganoidei [empty], Placoganoidei [empty], Pycnodonti [empty], Rhomboganoidei [empty], Selachostomi [empty]
Subfm. †Histiothrissinae Arambourg 1955
+
G. †Histiothrissa Woodward 1901
Or. †Iniomi
+
Fm. †Beerichthyidae Casier 1966
Invalid names: Bathypteroidae [empty], Cetunculi [empty], Harpodontidae [empty], Malacosteidae [empty], Omosudidae [empty], Plagyodontidae [empty]
Fm. †Lophosteidae Gross 1969
+
G. †Lophosteus Pander 1856
G. †Naxilepis Wang and Dong 1989
+
†Naxilepis gracilis Wang and Dong 1989
G. †Nothosoma Agassiz 1843
+
†Nothosoma octostychius Egerton 1858
†Nothosomus laevissimus Agassiz 1834
Subcl. Sarcopterygii Romer 1955 [lobe-finned fish]
+
G. †Achoania Zhu et al. 2001
Infracl. Actinistia Cope 1870
+
Invalid names: Coelacanthimorpha [synonym], Coelacanthini [replaced]
Infracl. Dipnomorpha Ahlberg 1991
Subcl. Dipnotetrapodomorpha Nelson 2006
G. †Guiyu Zhu et al. 2009
G. †Ligulalepis Schultze 1968
Infracl. †Onychodontida Andrews 1973
Infracl. †Osteolepidida Boulenger 1901
G. †Psarolepis Yu 1998
G. †Ptyctolepis Lu et al. 2017
Infracl. Rhipidistia Cope 1887
Infracl. †Rhizodontida Andrews and Westoll 1970
Infracl. Tetrapoda Jaekel 1911 [tetrapod]
Invalid names: Actinistia Cope 1870 [empty], Akinetia Gardiner 1984 [empty], Crossopterygii Huxley 1861 [replaced], Lepidosireniformes Savage 1951 [empty], Onychodontia Jaekel 1911 [empty]
G. †Sparalepis Choo et al. 2017
+
†Sparalepis tingi Choo et al. 2017
Invalid names: Cephaloxeniformes [empty], Euteleostomi [synonym], Pattonia Peach 1899 [nomen vanum], Pattonia couttsi Peach 1899 [nomen vanum], Pisces Linnaeus 1758 [synonym]
Cl. †Placodermi M'Coy 1848 [armour-plated fish]
+
Or. †Acanthothoraci Stensiö 1944
+
G. †Breizosteus Goujet 1980
Fm. †Hagiangellidae Dupret et al. 2011
G. †Murrindalaspis Long 1984
Fm. †Palaeacanthaspidae Stensio 1944
Fm. †Weejasperaspidae White 1978
Invalid names: Kolymaspididae Bystrow 1956 [empty], Radotinidae Arambourg 1958 [empty]
Unr. †Antiarchi Cope 1885
+
Fm. †Liujiangolepidae Wang 1987
G. †Macrodontophion Zborzewski 1834
Fm. †Minicranidae Jia 2008
G. †Phymolepis Zhang 1978
Fm. †Silurolepidae Zhang et al. 2010
G. †Xichonolepis P’an and Wang 1978
Or. †Yunnanolepidiformes Zhang 1978
G. †Zhanjilepis Zhang 1978
Invalid names: Antiarchi Cope 1885 [synonym]
Unr. †Arthrodira Woodward 1891
+
Fm. †Acanthaspida Heintz 1921
G. †Africanaspis Long et al. 1997
G. †Antarctolepis White 1968
G. †Arctonema Orvig 1969
G. †Arenipiscis Young 1981
G. †Aspidichthys Newberry 1873
G. †Atlantidosteus Lelievre 1984
G. †Bruntonichthys Dennis and Miles 1980
G. †Bullerichthys Dennis and Miles 1980
G. †Callognathus Newberry 1890
Or. †Coccosteina Heintz 1932
G. †Copanognathus Hussakof and Bryant 1920
G. †Cosmacanthus Agassiz 1845
G. †Cravenaspis Young and Goujet 2003
G. †Diplognathus Newberry 1878
G. †Erikaspis Dupret et al. 2007
G. †Errolosteus Young 1981
G. †Eskimaspis Dineley and Yuhai 1984
Superor. †Euarthrodira
Unr. †Eubrachythoraci Miles 1971
G. †Glyptaspis Newberry 1890
G. †Grazosteus Gross 1958
G. †Harrytoombsia MILES and DENNIS 1979
G. †Heintzosteus Goujet 1984
G. †Huaningichthys Wang 1979
Superfm. †Incisoscutoidea Long 1994
G. †Kimberleyichthys Dennis-Bryan and Miles 1983
+
Invalid names: Kimberia Dennis-Bryan and Miles 1983 [replaced]
G. †Kueichowlepis Pan and Wang 1975
G. †Latocamurus LONG 1988
G. †Laurentaspis Pageau 1969
G. †Lurapullaspis Young and Goujet 2003
G. †Machaerognathus Hussakof and Bryant 1919
G. †Mcnamaraspis Long 1995
Fm. †Mediaspidae Heintz 1929
G. †Murmur Whitley 1951
G. †Operchallosteus Kulczycki 1957
G. †Overtonaspis White 1961
Subor. †Pachyosteina Obruchev 1964
G. †Parawilliamsaspis Liu 1980
Fm. †Pholidosteidae Gross 1932
Subor. †Phyllolepida Stensiö 1934
G. †Platyaspis Koenen 1896
Fm. †Prescottaspidae White 1961
G. †Rolfosteus Dennis and Miles 1979
G. †Squamatognathus Hanke et al. 1996
G. †Taemasosteus White 1952
G. †Taunaspis Schmidt 1933
G. †Timanosteus Obrucheva 1962
G. †Toombalepis Young and Goujet 2003
G. †Toombsosteus White 1978
G. †Tubonasus Dennis and Miles 1979
G. †Tyriolepis Karatajute-Talimaa 1968
G. †Wheathillaspis White 1961
G. †Yinosteus Wang and Wang 1984
Invalid names: Actinolepina Miles 1973 [empty], Arthrodiriformes Grande and Eastman 1986 [synonym], Brachydeirina Denison 1975 [empty], Heterostiina Denison 1975 [empty], Holonematina Denison 1975 [empty], Pachyosteidae Gross 1932 [empty], Phlyctaenina Miles 1973 [empty], Phylctaeniida [empty], Stegophthalami [empty], Wuttagoonaspina Ritchie 1973 [empty]
G. †Asiacanthus Liu 1948
+
†Asiacanthus kaoi P'am 1964
†Asiacanthus suni P'an 1964
G. †Austroptyctodus Long 1997
+
†Austroptyctodus gardineri Miles and Young 1977
G. †Bianchengichthys Li et al. 2021
+
†Bianchengichthys micros Li et al. 2021
Or. †Brindabellaspida Young 1980
+
Fm. †Brindabellaspidae Gardiner 1993
G. †Campbellodus Miles and Young 1977
+
†Campbellodus decipiens Miles and Young 1977
G. †Changyonophyton Sze 1952
+
Or. †Coccostei Jaekel 1911
+
Invalid names: Coccostei Jaekel 1911 [empty], Heterostei Jaekel 1911 [empty], Homostei Jaekel 1911 [empty]
G. †Coelosteichthys Whitley 1940
Fm. †Cratoselachiidae Woodward 1932
+
G. †Cratoselache Woodward 1924
G. †Deinodus Hussakof and Bryant 1919
+
†Deinodus bennetti Hussakof and Bryant 1919
G. †Entelognathus Zhu et al. 2013
+
†Entelognathus primordialis Zhu et al. 2013
G. †Hybosteus Gross 1933
+
†Hybosteus mirabilis Gross 1930
G. †Neopetalichthys Liu 1973
+
G. †Nessariostoma Broili 1933
+
†Nessariostoma granulosum Broili 1933
Invalid names: Nessariostoma Broili 1933 [objective synonym]
G. †Oestophorus Miller 1892
+
†Oestophorus lilleyi Newberry 1889
Invalid names: Sphenophorus Newberry 1889 [replaced]
Subor. †Petalichthyida Jaekel 1911
+
G. †Diandongpetalichthys P’an and Wang 1978
G. †Eurycaraspis Liu 1991
G. †Shearsbyaspis Young 1984
G. †Xinanpetalichthys P’an and Wang 1978
Invalid names: Diandongpetalichthys P’an and Wang 1978 [valid], Eurycaraspis Liu 1991 [valid], Litilpetalichthyes [valid], Macropetalichthyida [empty], Macropetalichthyida [empty], Petalichthyiformes [synonym], Petalichthyiformes [synonym], Shearsbyaspis Young 1984 [valid], Xinanpetalichthys P’an and Wang 1978 [valid]
Subor. †Petalichthyida Jaekel 1911
+
G. †Diandongpetalichthys P’an and Wang 1978
G. †Eurycaraspis Liu 1991
G. †Shearsbyaspis Young 1984
G. †Xinanpetalichthys P’an and Wang 1978
Invalid names: Diandongpetalichthys P’an and Wang 1978 [valid], Eurycaraspis Liu 1991 [valid], Litilpetalichthyes [valid], Macropetalichthyida [empty], Macropetalichthyida [empty], Petalichthyiformes [synonym], Petalichthyiformes [synonym], Shearsbyaspis Young 1984 [valid], Xinanpetalichthys P’an and Wang 1978 [valid]
+
Fm. †Paraplesiobatidae Berg 1940
+
Invalid names: Nessariostomidae Gregory 1973 [synonym]
Or. †Ptychostei Jaekel 1911
+
Invalid names: Phlyctaenaspi Jaekel 1911 [empty]
Or. †Ptyctodontida Gross 1932
+
G. †Denisonodus Johnson and Elliott 1996
G. †Rhamphodopsis Watson 1938
G. †Tollodus Mark-Kurik 1977
Or. †Rhenanida Broili 1930
+
Fm. †Asterosteidae Woodward 1891
+
Invalid names: Gemuendinidae Traquair 1903 [synonym], Jagorinidae Woodward 1932 [synonym]
G. †Bolivosteus Goujet et al. 1986
G. †Sedowichthys Bystrow 1957
+
†Sedowichthys terraboreae Bystrow 1957
Or. †Stensioelliformes Romer 1945
+
Fm. †Stensioellidae Berg 1940
G. †Tollichthys Bystrow 1957
+
†Tollichthys polaris Bystrow 1957
G. †Wangolepis Pan 1986
G. †Yunnanacanthus Liu 1973
+
Invalid names: Acanthothoraciformes [empty], Petalichthyida Jaekel 1911 [empty], Pseudopetalichthyida Denison 1975 [empty], Rhenaniformes [empty]
G. †Plectrodus Agassiz in Murchison 1839
+
†Plectrodus mirabilis Agassiz 1839
G. †Qilinyu Zhu et al. 2016
+
†Qilinyu rostrata Zhu et al. 2016
G. †Ramirosuarezia Pradel et al. 2009
+
†Ramirosuarezia boliviana Pradel et al. 2009
G. †Xiushanosteus Zhu et al. 2022
+
†Xiushanosteus mirabilis Zhu et al. 2022
Invalid names: Chondrichthiomorphi [empty], Ichthyes Gadow 1898 [empty], Placodermiomorphi [empty]
G. †Hoplichnus Hitchcock 1848
+
†Hoplichnus equus Hitchcock 1858
†Hoplichnus quadrupedans Hitchcock 1848
+
Invalid names: Hoplichnus poledrus Hitchcock 1858 [synonym]
G. Hypichthyes Huxley 1880
G. †Lepidotosaurus Hancock and Howse 1870
+
†Lepidotosaurus duffi Hancock and Howse 1870
Supercl. †Osteostracomorphi
+
Cl. †Cephalaspidomorphi Moy-Thomas and Mile 1971
+
Or. †Atelaspidiformes Tarlo 1967
+
G. †Ateleaspis Traquair 1899
Invalid names: Cephalaspidida Moy-Thomas and Mile 1971 [empty], Galeaspidiformes [empty], Monorhina [synonym]
Cl. †Galeaspidomorphi van der Laan 2019
+
Or. †Eugaleaspidiformes Liu 1980
+
G. †Anjiaspis Gai and Zhu 2005
Fm. †Eugaleaspididae Liu 1980
G. †Meishanaspis Wang 1991
G. †Shuyu Gai et al. 2011
Fm. †Shuyuidae Shan 2020
G. †Sinogaleaspis Pan and Wang 1980
Fm. †Tridensaspidae Liu 1986
Fm. †Tujiaaspidae Chen et al. 2024
G. †Xitunaspis Sun et al. 2022
Fm. †Yongdongaspididae Chen et al. 2022
Invalid names: Sinogaleaspididae Pan and Wang 1980 [empty]
+
Fm. †Dayongaspididae Pan and Zeng 1985
Fm. †Hanyangaspididae Pan and Liu 1975
Fm. †Xiushuiaspididae Pan and Wang 1983
Fm. †Hyperaspididae Pan 1992
+
G. †Hyperaspis Pan 1992
Superor. †Polybranchiaspidida Zhu and Gai 2007
+
Fm. †Geraspididae Pan and Chen 1993
Or. †Huananaspidiformes Janvier 1975
Or. †Polybranchiaspidiformes Liu 1965
Fm. †Halecopsidae Casier 1946
+
G. †Halecopsis Woodward 1901
Cl. †Osteostraci Lankaster 1868
+
Or. †Benneviaspidida Janvier 1996
+
Superfm. †Boreaspidoidei Stensio 1958
G. †Ectinaspis Wängsjö 1952
G. †Hapilaspis Mark-Kurik and Janvier 1995
G. †Securiaspis Stensio 1932
Or. †Benneviaspidiformes Afanassieva 1991
+
Fm. †Benneviaspididae Denison 1951
Fm. †Boreaspididae Stensio 1958
Fm. †Mimetaspididae Stensiö 1958
Fm. †Pattenaspididae Stensiö 1958
G. †Camptaspis Branson and Mehl 1931
+
†Camptaspis utahensis Branson and Mehl 1931
Or. †Cephalaspidiformes Berg 1937
+
G. †Aachenaspis Egerton 1857
Subor. †Ateleaspidoidei
G. †Meelaidaspis Märss et al. 2014
G. †Ohesaareaspis Märss et al. 2014
Subor. †Scolenaspidoidei Afanassieva 1991
G. †Tuvaspis Obruchev 1956
Subcl. †Cornuata Janvier 1985
+
G. †Hildenaspis Janvier 1976
Invalid names: Cephalaspidiens Janvier 1985 [empty]
+
Fm. †Kiaeraspididae Stensio 1932
Fm. †Procephalaspididae Stensiö 1958
Fm. †Thyestidae Rohon 1892
Fm. †Tremataspididae Schmidt 1866
Fm. †Witaaspididae Afanassieva 1991
Or. †Thyestiida Janvier 1996
+
G. †Auchenaspis Egerton 1857
G. †Ilemoraspis Obruchev 1961
Superfm. †Kiaeraspidoidea Afanassieva 1991
Superfm. †Tremataspidoidea Afanassieva 1991
Or. †Tremataspidida Obruchev 1964
+
Invalid names: Tannuaspididae Obruchev 1964 [empty]
Or. †Tremataspidiformes Berg 1937
+
G. †Tahulaspis Märss et al. 2014
G. †Waengsjoeaspis Janvier 1985
+
†Waengsjoeaspis excellens Janvier 1985
†Waengsjoeaspis nahanniensis Adrian and Wilson 1994
†Waengsjoeaspis platycornis Scott and Wilson 2012
G. †Yvonaspis Belles-Isles 1989
+
†Yvonaspis campbelltonensis Belles-Isles 1989
Or. †Zenaspidida Stensio 1958
+
G. †Spangenhelmaspis Sansom 2009
G. †Wladysagitta Voichyshyn 2006
Invalid names: Ateleaspidiformes Tarlo 1967 [empty]
Subph. Pachycardia Haeckel 1866
+
Invalid names: Monorrhina Haeckel 1866 [empty]
G. †Palaeoxyris Brongniart 1828
+
†Palaeoxyris alternus Fischer et al. 2011
†Palaeoxyris regularis Brogniart 1828
Invalid names: Sporlederia Stiehler 1860 [nomen nudum]
Supercl. †Pteraspidomorphi Goodrich 1909 [jawless fish]
+
G. †Dipnoides
Or. †Furcacaudiformes Wilson and Caldwell 1998
+
Fm. †Apalolepidae Karatajute-Talimaa 1978
Fm. †Barlowodidae Märss et al. 2002
G. †Cometicercus Wilson and Caldwell 1998
+
†Cometicercus talimaaae Wilson and Caldwell 1998
Fm. †Drepanolepididae Wilson and Marss 2009
Fm. †Furcacaudidae Wilson and Caldwell 1998
Fm. †Lanarkiidae Obruchev 1949
Fm. †Nikoliviidae Karatajute-Talimaa 1978
Fm. †Pezopallichthyidae Wilson and Caldwell 1998
G. †Pezopallichthys Wilson and Caldwell 1998
+
†Sphenonectris turnerae Wilson and Caldwell 1998
Invalid names: Apalolepidae Karatajute-Talimaa 1978 [valid], Barlowodidae Märss et al. 2002 [valid], Cometicercus Wilson and Caldwell 1998 [valid], Drepanolepididae Wilson and Marss 2009 [valid], Furcacaudidae Wilson and Caldwell 1998 [valid], Lanarkiidae Obruchev 1949 [valid], Nikoliviidae Karatajute-Talimaa 1978 [valid], Pezopallichthyidae Wilson and Caldwell 1998 [valid], Pezopallichthys Wilson and Caldwell 1998 [valid], Sphenonectris [valid]
+
Subcl. †Arandaspida Ritchie and Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977
+
Fm. †Arandaspididae Ritchie and Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977
Or. †Arandaspidiformes Ritchie and Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977
Fm. †Aseraspididae Halstead 1993
Subcl. †Astraspida Berg 1940
+
Or. †Astrapidiformes Berg 1940
Or. †Astraspidiformes Berg 1940
Subcl. †Heterostraci Lankester 1868
+
Or. †Amphiaspidiformes Novitskaya 2008
G. †Aporemaspis Elliot and Loeffler 1989
Fm. †Ariaspididae Elliott and Swift 2010
G. †Aserotaspis Dineley and Loeffler 1976
Fm. †Cardipeltidae Bryant 1933
Or. †Corvaspidiformes Stensiö 1964
Subor. †Cyathaspida Kiaer 1932
Or. †Cyathaspidiformes Kaier 1930
Fm. †Guerichosteidae Halstead Tarlo 1964
Or. †Lepidaspidiformes Halstead 1993
G. †Munchoaspis Tarrant 1991
G. †Psammolepis Agassiz 1843
Or. †Psammosteiformes Berg 1937
Or. †Pteraspidiformes Berg 1940
G. †Rimasventeraspis Tarrant 1991
G. †Strosipherus Pander 1856
G. †Toombsaspis Tarrant 1991
Or. †Traquairaspidiformes Stensio 1958
Invalid names: Cardipeltida [empty], Cardipeltiformes Bryant 1933 [empty], Ceraspidae [empty], Corvaspidida [empty], Drepanaspidae [empty], Lepidaspidida [empty], Olbiaspidida Obruchev 1964 [empty], Palaeaspidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Pteraspidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Pteraspidomorphes [synonym], Tesseraspidida [empty], Tolypelepidida [empty], Traquairaspidida Stensio 1958 [empty]
Invalid names: Diplorhina [synonym]
G. †Sigurdia
G. †Tylodus
Invalid names: Pteraspidida Kaier 1932 [empty]
Supercl. †Thelodontomorphi Jackel 1911
+
Cl. †Thelodonti Jaekel 1911
+
+
Fm. †Boothialepididae Marss 1999
G. †Boreania Karatajute-Talimaa 1985
+
†Boreania minima Karatajute-Talimaa 1985
G. †Canonia Vieth 1980
+
†Canonia costulata Märss et al. 2002
†Canonia grossi Vieth 1980
†Canonia kaerberi Marss et al. 2007
Or. †Furcacaudiformes Wilson and Caldwell 1998
+
Fm. †Apalolepidae Karatajute-Talimaa 1978
Fm. †Barlowodidae Märss et al. 2002
G. †Cometicercus Wilson and Caldwell 1998
+
†Cometicercus talimaaae Wilson and Caldwell 1998
Fm. †Drepanolepididae Wilson and Marss 2009
Fm. †Furcacaudidae Wilson and Caldwell 1998
Fm. †Lanarkiidae Obruchev 1949
Fm. †Nikoliviidae Karatajute-Talimaa 1978
Fm. †Pezopallichthyidae Wilson and Caldwell 1998
G. †Pezopallichthys Wilson and Caldwell 1998
+
†Sphenonectris turnerae Wilson and Caldwell 1998
Invalid names: Apalolepidae Karatajute-Talimaa 1978 [valid], Barlowodidae Märss et al. 2002 [valid], Cometicercus Wilson and Caldwell 1998 [valid], Drepanolepididae Wilson and Marss 2009 [valid], Furcacaudidae Wilson and Caldwell 1998 [valid], Lanarkiidae Obruchev 1949 [valid], Nikoliviidae Karatajute-Talimaa 1978 [valid], Pezopallichthyidae Wilson and Caldwell 1998 [valid], Pezopallichthys Wilson and Caldwell 1998 [valid], Sphenonectris [valid]
Fm. †Helenolepididae Wilson and Marss 2009
+
G. †Helenolepis Karatajute-Talimaa 1978
+
Fm. †Loganelliidae Karatajute-Talimaa 1997
+
Invalid names: Loganiidae Karatajute-Talimaa 1978 [replaced]
Fm. †Nunavutiidae Märss et al. 2002
Fm. †Longodidae Märss 2006
+
G. †Longodus Märss 2006
Fm. †Oeseliidae Marss 2005
+
G. †Oeselia Marss 2005
Or. †Phlebolepidiformes Berg 1937
+
Fm. †Katoporididae Karartajüté-Talimaa 1970
Fm. †Katoporodidae Soehn et al. 2001
+
Invalid names: Katoporidae Karatajute-Talimaa 1970 [replaced]
Fm. †Phlebolepididae Berg 1940
+
Fm. †Angaralepididae Karatajute-Talimaa 1997
Fm. †Sandiviidae Karatajute-Talimaa 1997
Fm. †Stroinolepididae Marss and Karatajute-Talimaa 2004
+
Fm. †Shieliidae Maerss et al.
Or. †Thelodontiformes Kiaer 1932
+
Fm. †Archipelepididae Soehn et al. 2001
Fm. †Eestilepididae Märss et al. 2002
Fm. †Talivaliidae Märss et al. 2002
Fm. †Thelodontidae Jordan 1905
Invalid names: Coelolepidiformes Berg 1937 [synonym], Thelodontida [synonym]
G. †Valiukia Karatajute-Talimaa and Marss 2002
+
†Valiukia flabellata Marss and Karatajute-Talimaa 2002
Invalid names: Archipelepidiformes [valid], Boreania Karatajute-Talimaa 1985 [valid], Canonia Vieth 1980 [valid], Furcacaudiformes Wilson and Caldwell 1998 [valid], Helenolepididae Wilson and Marss 2009 [valid], Loganelliiformes [valid], Longodidae Märss 2006 [valid], Oeseliidae Marss 2005 [valid], Phlebolepidiformes Berg 1937 [valid], Sandiviiformes [valid], Shieliiformes [valid], Thelodontiformes Kiaer 1932 [valid], Valiukia Karatajute-Talimaa and Marss 2002 [valid]
G. †Toxichnus Hitchcock 1865
+
†Toxichnus inaequalis Hitchcock 1865
G. †Zamponiopteron Janvier and Riglos 1986
+
†Zamponiopteron falciformis Janvier and Riglos 1986
†Zamponiopteron spinifera Janvier and Riglos 1986
†Zamponiopteron triangularis Janvier and Riglos 1986
Invalid names: Acrania Haeckel [empty], Cephalaspidomorpha [empty], Craniata Linnaeus 1758 [objective synonym], Eotetrapoda Jaekel 1911 [empty], Herpetichthyes Huxley 1880 [empty], Mannodon Ameghino 1893 [nomen vanum], Myzichthyes Huxley 1880 [empty], Ophis Goldfuss 1831 [nomen nudum], Ostracophori [empty], Petromyzontomorphi [empty], Pituriaspida Young 1991 [empty], Protetrapoda Jaekel 1911 [empty], Saurornia Seeley 1866 [empty], Thoracophis Troschel 1854 [nomen nudum], Tidaeus Ameghino 1890 [nomen vanum]
G. †Yunnanozoon Hou et al. 1991
+
†Yunnanozoon lividum Hou et al. 1991
+
Invalid names: Haikouella jianshanensis Shu et al. 2003 [synonym], Haikouella lanceolata Chen et al. 1999 [synonym]
Invalid names: Haikouella Chen et al. 1999 [synonym]
Invalid names: Olfactores Jefferies 1991 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
No ecological data are available

Age range: base of the Pridoli to the top of the Kungurian or 422.70000 to 274.40000 Ma

Collections (2 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Pridoli422.7 - 419.62China (Xinjiang) Sciadophyton pristinum (10931)
Sakmarian - Kungurian293.52 - 274.4USA (Kansas) Eukaryota indet. (32659)