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Malvales

Angiospermae - Malvales

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1820Malvales Berchtold and Presl p. 221
1919Malvales Knowlton
1926Malvales Knowlton
1977Malvales Hickey
2000Malvales Mabberley
2008Malvales Taylor et al. p. 1029
2011Malvales Jud
2016Malvales The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomPlantae
phylumSpermatophyta
classAngiospermae
—Rosids
RankNameAuthor
—Eurosids
—Malvids
orderMalvales
orderMalvales

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. Malvales Berchtold and Presl 1820
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G. Argyrodendron Mueller 1858
Fm. †Bixaceae Kunth 1822
+
G. Bixa Linnaeus 1753
+
†Bixa kathgodamensis Prasad et al. 2004
Bixa orellana Linnaeus 1753
G. †Scolopioidea Langeron 1899
+
†Scolopioidea palaeocenica Langeron 1899
Fm. †Bombacaceae Kunth
+
G. †Bacutriporites Du Chene et al. 1978
+
†Bacutriporites echinatus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
†Bacutriporites orluensis Du Chene et al. 1978
G. †Bombacacidites Couper 1960
+
†Bombacacidites annae Germeraad 1968
†Bombacacidites assamicus Sah and Dutta 1968
†Bombacacidites brevis Dueñas 1980
†Bombacacidites fossureticulatus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
†Bombacacidites foveoreticulatus Müller et al. 1987
†Bombacacidites gonzalezii Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
†Bombacacidites grahamii Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
†Bombacacidites protofoveoreticulatus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
†Bombacacidites psilatus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
†Bombacacidites simplireticulatus Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
†Bombacacidites soleaformis Müller et al. 1987
†Bombacacidites trilobatus Mathur and Chopra 1987
G. †Bombacites Berry 1916
+
†Bombacites formosus Berry 1916
†Bombacites orientalis Lakhanpal 1955
†Bombacites wilcoxianus Berry 1916
G. Bombax Linnaeus 1753 [cotton tree]
+
Bombax ceiba Linnaeus 1753
Bombax pentandrum Linnaeus 1753
Bombax religiosa Linnaeus 1753
†Bombax virginiensis Fontaine 1889
Invalid names: Salmalia Schott and Endlicher 1832 [synonym]
G. Eriodendron de Candolle 1824
G. Pachira Aublet 1775
+
†Pachira palaeomalabarica Prasad et al. 2004
+
G. Buettneria Löfling 1758
+
†Buettneria perplexans Cockerell 1908
Fm. Cistaceae Jussieu 1789
+
G. †Cistinocarpum Conwentz 1886
+
†Cistinocarpum roemeri Conwentz 1886
G. †Cistocarpum Menzel 1913
+
G. Cistus Linnaeus 1753 [rockrose]
+
Cistus aegyptiacus Linnaeus 1753
Cistus albida Linnaeus 1753
Cistus apenninus Linnaeus 1753
Cistus canadensis Linnaeus 1753
Cistus canus Linnaeus 1753
Cistus crispus Linnaeus 1753
Cistus fumana Linnaeus 1753
Cistus guitatus Linnaeus 1753
Cistus halimifolia Linnaeus 1753
Cistus helianthemum Linnaeus 1753
Cistus hirtus Linnaeus 1753
Cistus incana Linnaeus 1753
Cistus ladanifera Linnaeus 1753
Cistus laurifolia Linnaeus 1753
Cistus ledifolius Linnaeus 1753
Cistus marifolius Linnaeus 1753
Cistus monspeliensis Linnaeus 1753
Cistus nummularius Linnaeus 1753
Cistus oelandicus Linnaeus 1753
Cistus pilosus Linnaeus 1753
Cistus populifolia Linnaeus 1753
Cistus salicifolius Linnaeus 1753
Cistus salvifolia Linnaeus 1753
Cistus serpillifolius Linnaeus 1753
Cistus surrejanus Linnaeus 1753
Cistus thymifolius Linnaeus 1753
Cistus tuberaria Linnaeus 1753
Cistus umbellatus Linnaeus 1753
G. Helianthemum Miller 1754
G. †Crototricolpites Leidelmeyer 1966
+
†Crototricolpites annemariae Leidelmeyer 1966
†Crototricolpites crotonoisculptus van Hoeken-Klinkenberg 1966
†Crototricolpites densus Salard-Cheboldaeff 1978
†Crototricolpites protoannemariae Jaramillo and Dilcher 2001
Fm. Dipterocarpaceae von Blume 1825
+
G. Anisoptera Korthals 1841
G. †Anisopteroxylon Ghosh and Kazmi 1958
+
†Anisopteroxylon bengalensis Ghosh and Kazmi 1958
†Anisopteroxylon garoense Chowdhury 1938
†Anisopteroxylon jawalamukhi Ghosh and Ghosh 1958
†Anisopteroxylon santineketanense Ghosh and Roy 1980
Invalid names: Anisopteroxylon siwalicus Trivedi and Ahuja 1978 [nomen nudum]
G. †Dipterocarpaceophyllum Kraeusel 1929
+
Subfm. Dipterocarpoideae Burnett 1835
+
G. Shorea Roxburgh 1805
+
†Shorea bengalensis Antal and Prasad 1997
†Shorea bhalukpongensis Khan et al. 2016
†Shorea chandernagarensis Khan et al. 2016
†Shorea eutrapizifolia Prasad et al. 1999
†Shorea miocenica Konomatsu and Awasthi 1999
†Shorea miocurtisii Prasad and Dwivedi 2008
†Shorea mioobtusa Khan et al. 2016
†Shorea nepalensis Konomatsu and Awasthi 1999
†Shorea palaeostellata Prasad and Pandey 2008
†Shorea pinjoliensis Khan et al. 2016
†Shorea pliotumbuggaia Khan et al. 2016
†Shorea siwalika Antal and Awasthi 1993
Invalid names: Shorea burmindica Lakhanpal 1952 [nomen nudum]
G. †Dipterocarpophyllum Edwards 1923
+
G. †Dipterocarpoxylon Holden 1916
+
†Dipterocarpoxylon bolpurense Ghosh and Roy 1979
†Dipterocarpoxylon malavii Ghosh and Ghosh 1959
†Dipterocarpoxylon nungarhense Trivedi and Ahuja 1980
G. Dipterocarpus von Gaertner 1805
+
†Dipterocarpus koilabasensis Prasad et al. 1999
†Dipterocarpus siwalicus Lakhanpal and Guleria 1987
†Dipterocarpus suraikholaensis Prasad and Pandey 2008
†Dipterocarpus zhengae Li and Shi 2010
+
Invalid names: Dipterocarpus fujianensis Yang et al. 2002 [objective synonym]
G. †Dryobalanoxylon Berger 1923
+
†Dryobalanoxylon holdeni Ramanujam 1956
+
Invalid names: Anisopteroxylon cuddalorense Ramanujam 1960 [synonym], Shoreoxylon megaporosum Ramanujam 1960 [synonym], Shoreoxylon mortandranse Ramanujam 1956 [synonym]
†Dryobalanoxylon indicum Ramanujam 1956
†Dryobalanoxylon keralaensis Awasthi and Ahuja 1982
†Dryobalanoxylon tobleri Kraeusel 1922
G. Hopea Roxburgh 1811
+
†Hopea kathgodamensis Prasad 1994
†Hopea mioglabra Prasad 1994
†Hopea siwalika Antal and Awasthi 1993
G. †Hopenium Awasthi 1980
+
†Hopenium kalagarhensis Prasad and Prakash 1987
†Hopenium neyveliensis Awasthi 1980
†Hopenium pondicherriense Awasthi 1980
†Hopenium prenutansoides Prasad and Prakash 1988
G. Isoptera Scheffer
+
†Isoptera siwalica Prasad et al. 1999
G. Parashorea Kurz 1870
+
†Parashorea mioplicata Prasad et al. 2017
G. †Pentacmeoxylon Trivedi and Ahuja 1979
+
†Pentacmeoxylon ornatum Trivedi and Ahuja 1979
G. †Shoreoxylon Berger 1923
+
†Shoreoxylon arcotense Awasthi 1974
†Shoreoxylon burmense Prakash 1971
†Shoreoxylon deomaliense Prakash and Awasthi 1969
†Shoreoxylon evidens Eyde 1963
†Shoreoxylon indicum Awasthi 1974
†Shoreoxylon kraeuselii Ramanujam and Rao 1967
†Shoreoxylon mahurzarii Paradkar 1972
†Shoreoxylon palembangense Kraeusel 1922
†Shoreoxylon panganense Licht et al. 2014
†Shoreoxylon robustoides Roy and Ghosh 1981
†Shoreoxylon siwalicus Prasad and Prakash 1988
†Shoreoxylon tipamense Prakash and Awasthi 1970
Invalid names: Caesalpinioxylon Kraeusel 1922 [replaced], Shoreoxylon sahnii Varadpande 1985 [nomen nudum]
G. Vateria Linnaeus 1753
+
Vateria indica Linnaeus 1753
G. †Vaterioxylon Trivedi and Misra 1980
+
†Vaterioxylon kalagarhense Trivedi and Misra 1980
†Vaterioxylon miocenecum Trivedi and Misra 1980
Invalid names: Vaterioxylon deccanii Yawale 1979 [nomen nudum]
G. Vatica Linnaeus 1771
+
†Vatica nepalensis Prasad and Pandey 2008
G. †Vaticoxylon Schweitzer 1958
+
†Vaticoxylon pliocaenicum Schweitzer 1958
G. †Echiperiporites Anzotegui and Cuadrado 1996
+
†Echiperiporites akanthos Van der Hammen and Wijmstra 1964
†Echiperiporites estelae Germeraad et al. 1968
†Echiperiporites parviechinatus Anzotegui and Cuadrado 1996
†Echiperiporites tschudyi Frederiksen 1973
G. †Lakiapollis Venkatachala and Kar 1969
+
†Lakiapollis matanamadhensis Venkatachala and Kar 1969
†Lakiapollis ovatus Venkatachala and Kar 1969
Fm. Malvaceae de Jussieu 1789 [mallow]
+
G. Abutilon Miller 1754
G. Allobriquetia Bovini 2021
G. Androcalva Wilkins and Whitlock 2011
G. Apeiba Aublet 1775
G. †Bombaciphyllum Engelhardt 1891
+
†Bombaciphyllum opacum Engelhardt 1891
G. †Bombacoxylon Gottwald 1969
+
†Bombacoxylon pondaungense Licht et al. 2014
G. †Daberocarpon Chitaley and Sheikh 1973
+
†Daberocarpon gerhardii Chitaley and Sheikh 1973
G. †Discoidites Muller
Subfm. Dombeyoideae Beilschmied
+
G. Burretiodendron Rehder 1936
+
†Burretiodendron miocenicum Lebreton Anberrée and Zhou 2015
†Burretiodendron parvifructum Lebreton Anberrée and Zhou 2015
G. Firmiana Marsili 1786
+
†Firmiana yunnanensis Xie and Manchester 2014
G. Guazuma Miller 1754
G. †Heritieroxylon Lakhanpal et al. 1981
+
†Heritieroxylon arunachalensis Lakhanpal et al. 1981
G. †Hibiscoxylon Kraeusel 1939
+
†Hibiscoxylon intertrappeum Trivedi and Ambwani 1971
†Hibiscoxylon niloticum Kraeusel 1939
Invalid names: Hibiscoxylon mohgaoense Paradkar and Soman 1972 [nomen nudum]
G. Hibiscus Linnaeus 1753 [rosemallow]
+
Hibiscus abelmoschus Linnaeus 1753
Hibiscus esculentus Linnaeus 1753
Hibiscus ficulneus Linnaeus 1753
Hibiscus hirtus Linnaeus 1753
Hibiscus malvaviscus Linnaeus 1753
Hibiscus manihot Linnaeus 1753
Hibiscus moscheutos Linnaeus 1753
Hibiscus mutabilis Linnaeus 1753
Hibiscus palustris Linnaeus 1753
Hibiscus pentacarpos Linnaeus 1753
Hibiscus populneus Linnaeus 1753
Hibiscus rosasinensis Linnaeus 1753
Hibiscus sabdariffa Linnaeus 1753
Hibiscus surattensis Linnaeus 1753
Hibiscus syriacus Linnaeus 1753
Hibiscus tiliaceus Linnaeus 1753
Hibiscus trionum Linnaeus 1753
Hibiscus virginicus Linnaeus 1753
Hibiscus vitifolius Linnaeus 1753
Hibiscus zeylonicus Linnaeus 1753
G. †Hightea Bowerbank 1840
+
†Hightea attenuata Bowerbank 1840
†Hightea elegans Bowerbank 1840
†Hightea elliptica Bowerbank 1840
†Hightea fusiformis Bowerbank 1840
†Hightea inflata Bowerbank 1840
†Hightea minima Bowerbank 1840
†Hightea orbicularis Bowerbank 1840
†Hightea oviformis Bowerbank 1840
†Hightea turbinata Bowerbank 1840
†Hightea turgida Bowerbank 1840
G. Luehea Schmidt 1793
G. Malva Linnaeus 1753 [mallow]
+
Malva aegyptia Linnaeus 1753
Malva alcea Linnaeus 1753
Malva americana Linnaeus 1753
Malva bryonifolia Linnaeus 1753
Malva capensis Linnaeus 1753
Malva caroliniana Linnaeus 1753
Malva coromandeliana Linnaeus 1753
†Malva hesperia Knowlton 1926
Malva hispanica Linnaeus 1753
Malva mauritiana Linnaeus 1753
Malva moschata Linnaeus 1753
Malva peruviana Linnaeus 1753
Malva rotundifolia Linnaeus 1753
Malva sylvestris Linnaeus 1753
Malva tomentosa Linnaeus 1753
Malva verticillata Linnaeus 1753
G. †Malvacarpus Berry 1925
+
†Malvacarpus tertiarius Berry 1925
G. †Malvacearumpollis Nagy
+
†Malvacearumpollis indicus Mathur and Chopra 1987
†Malvacearumpollis pleistocenicus Mathur and Chopra 1987
G. †Malvaciphyllum Anzótegui and Cristalli 2000
+
†Malvaciphyllum macondicus Carvalho et al. 2011
†Malvaciphyllum quenquiadensis Anzótegui and Cristalli 2000
G. Malvastrum Gray 1848
+
†Malvastrum exhumatum Cockerell 1906
G. †Malvocarpon Hollick 1928
+
†Malvocarpon clarum Hollick 1928
G. †Manihotites Berry 1910
+
†Manihotites georgiana Berry 1910
G. Marcanodendron Doweld 2021
G. Mortoniodendron Standley and Steyermark 1938
G. Rhodognaphalon Roberty 1953
G. Sterculia Linnaeus 1753 [tropical chestnut]
+
†Sterculia aperta Lesquereux 1883
†Sterculia berryana Knowlton 1918
†Sterculia coriacea Knowlton 1918
†Sterculia elegans Fontaine 1889
†Sterculia engleri Kirchner 1898
†Sterculia kathgodamense Prasad 1994
†Sterculia lineariloba Lesquereux 1874
†Sterculia lugubris Lesquereux 1883
†Sterculia minima Berry 1906
†Sterculia mioensifolia Prasad and Pandey 2008
†Sterculia mucronata Lesquereux 1891
†Sterculia patagonica Menéndez 1959
†Sterculia platanoides Menéndez 1959
†Sterculia prelabrusca Hollick 1906
†Sterculia premontana Prasad and Pandey 2006
†Sterculia puryearensis Berry 1916
†Sterculia reticulata Lesquereux 1891
†Sterculia rigida Lesquereux 1883
†Sterculia saportanea Knowlton 1898
†Sterculia snowii Lesquereux 1891
+
Invalid names: Sterculia drakei Cummins 1891 [synonym]
†Sterculia tertiara Shashi et al. 2006
†Sterculia tripartita Lesquereux 1874
+
Invalid names: Sterculia obtusiloba Lesquereux 1883 [synonym]
†Sterculia vetustula Dawson 1885
†Sterculia washburnii Berry 1928
Invalid names: Sterculia mohgaonsis Patki and Paradkar 1986 [nomen nudum]
G. †Sterculites Dawson 1888
G. Urena Linnaeus 1753
+
Urena lobata Linnaeus 1753
†Urena palaeolobata Awasthi and Lakhanpal 1990
Urena procumbens Linnaeus 1753
Urena sinuata Linnaeus 1753
G. †Wataria Terada and Suzuki 1998
+
†Wataria yunnanica Li and Oskolski 2015
G. †Wheeleroxylon Estrada-Ruiz et al. 2010
+
†Wheeleroxylon atascosense Estrada-Ruiz et al. 2010
Invalid names: Aristotelicaulon Sheikh et al. 1986 [nomen nudum]
Fm. Neuradaceae Link 1835
+
G. Neurada Linnaeus 1753
+
Neurada procumbens Linnaeus 1753
Fm. Sterculiaceae Ventenat 1807
+
G. Brachychiton Schott and Endlicher 1832
G. †Byttneriophyllum Knobloch and Kvacek 1965
+
G. Commersonia Forster and Forster 1776
G. †Dombeya Cavanilles
+
†Dombeya novimundi Hickey 1977
G. †Dombeyoxylon Schenk 1883
+
†Dombeyoxylon aegyptiacum Schenk 1883
†Dombeyoxylon mahabalei Biradar 1975
†Dombeyoxylon oweni Krausel 1939
G. †Firmianites Cockerell 1909
+
†Firmianites aterrimus Cockerell 1909
G. Fremontia Torrey 1854
G. Heritiera Aiton
+
G. †Penosphyllum Hickey 1977
+
†Penosphyllum cordatum Ward 1885
G. †Pterospermites Heer 1859
+
†Pterospermites alaskana Knowlton 1904
†Pterospermites cupanioides Newberry 1868
†Pterospermites grandidentatus Lesquereux 1888
†Pterospermites haguei Knowlton 1899
†Pterospermites longeacuminatus Lesquereux 1891
†Pterospermites magnifolia Knowlton 1904
†Pterospermites minor Ward 1885
†Pterospermites modestus Lesquereux 1891
†Pterospermites neomexicanus Knowlton 1916
†Pterospermites nervosus Knowlton 1918
†Pterospermites obovatus Newberry 1896
†Pterospermites sternbergii Lesquereux 1872
†Pterospermites undulatus Knowlton 1900
†Pterospermites vagans Heer 1859
†Pterospermites wardii Knowlton 1900
†Pterospermites whitei Ward 1885
G. †Pterospermoxylon Awasthi et al. 1980
+
†Pterospermoxylon kutchensis Awasthi et al. 1980
G. †Pterospermum Arber 1914
+
†Pterospermum anglicum Arber 1914
†Pterospermum palaeoheyneanum Antal and Awasthi 1993
†Pterospermum siwalicum Antal and Prasad 1996
G. Reevesia Lindley 1827
+
†Reevesia oligocenica Suzuki 1976
G. †Sezannella Viguier 1908
+
†Sezannella major Viguier 1908
G. †Sphinxia Reid and Chandler 1933
+
†Sphinxia ovalis Reid and Chandler 1933
G. †Sterculinium Guleria 1983
+
†Sterculinium dattai Prakash and Tripathi 1974
†Sterculinium deccanensis Lakhanpal et al. 1978
†Sterculinium kalagarhense Trivedi and Ahuja 1978
†Sterculinium shahpurensis Bande and Prakash 1980
†Sterculinium vermahaii Lakhanpal et al. 1981
G. †Sterculiocarpus Berry 1916
+
G. †Sterculioxylon Kraeusel 1939
+
†Sterculioxylon deccanensis Lakhanpal et al. 1978
†Sterculioxylon shahpurensis Bande and Prakash 1980
G. †Sterculioxylon Sheikh and Kolhe 1980
+
†Sterculioxylon baradense Sheikh and Kolhe 1980
G. †Sterculiphyllum Nathorst 1886
+
†Sterculiphyllum limbatum Velenovsky 1883
G. †Tarrietioxylon Kraeusel 1922
+
†Tarrietioxylon sumatrense Kraeusel 1922
G. †Triplochitioxylon Manchester 1979
Fm. Thymelaeaceae Jussieu 1789
+
G. Daphne Linnaeus 1753
+
Daphne alpina Linnaeus 1753
†Daphne bournensis Chandler 1963
Daphne cneorum Linnaeus 1753
Daphne gnidium Linnaeus 1753
Daphne indica Linnaeus 1753
Daphne laureola Linnaeus 1753
Daphne mezereum Linnaeus 1753
Daphne pontica Linnaeus 1753
Daphne squarrosa Linnaeus 1753
Daphne tartonraira Linnaeus 1753
Daphne thymelaea Linnaeus 1753
G. Edgeworthia Meisner 1841 [paper bush]
G. †Eudaphniphyllum Conwentz 1886
+
†Eudaphniphyllum nathorsti Conwentz 1886
G. †Gonystyloxylon Awasthi and Panjwani 1984
+
†Gonystyloxylon indicum Awasthi and Panjwari 1984
†Gonystyloxylon tertiarum Awasthi and Panjwani 1984
G. Lasiosiphon Fresenius 1838
G. Passerina Linnaeus 1753
+
Passerina cillata Linnaeus 1753
Passerina filiformis Linnaeus 1753
Passerina hirsuta Linnaeus 1753
Passerina uniflora Linnaeus 1753
G. Pimelea Banks and Gaertner 1878
+
†Pimelea delicatula Lesquereux 1883
G. †Thymelaeaspermum Chandler 1962
+
†Thymelaeaspermum bournense Chandler 1963
†Thymelaeaspermum lakense Chandler 1962
†Thymelaeaspermum sulcatum Chandler 1962
G. Wikstroemia Endlicher 1833
Fm. Tiliaceae de Jussieu
+
G. †Apeibopsis Heer 1859
+
†Apeibopsis cyclophylla Lesquereux 1891
†Apeibopsis discolor Lesquereux 1872
†Apeibopsis gaudini Heer 1859
†Apeibopsis heerii Lesquereux 1861
†Apeibopsis neomexicana Knowlton 1917
†Apeibopsis parva Perkins 1904
G. †Burretia Mai 1961
+
†Burretia instructa Potonie 1931
G. †Cantitilia Reid and Chandler 1933
+
†Cantitilia lobata Chandler 1961
†Cantitilia polysperma Reid and Chandler 1933
G. †Corchorites Deane 1902
+
†Corchorites crenulata Deane 1902
G. Corchorus Linnaeus 1753 [jute mallow]
+
Corchorus capsularis Linnaeus 1753
Corchorus hirsutus Linnaeus 1753
Corchorus olitorius Linnaeus 1753
Corchorus siliquosus Linnaeus 1753
G. †Etheridgea Ettingshausen 1893
G. Grewia Linnaeus 1753 [crossberry]
+
†Grewia auriculata Lesquereux 1883
†Grewia celastroides Ward 1885
†Grewia crenata Unger 1855
†Grewia foxii Lakhanpal 1955
†Grewia ghishia Antal and Awasthi 1993
†Grewia kathgodamensis Prasad et al. 2004
†Grewia mallotophylla Konomatsu and Awasthi 1999
†Grewia minima Chandler 1963
†Grewia mohgaonensis Paradkar and Dixit 1984
†Grewia obovata Heer 1876
Grewia occidentalis Linnaeus 1753
Grewia orientalis Linnaeus 1753
†Grewia pealei Ward 1885
†Grewia tistaensis Antal and Prasad 1998
Invalid names: Grewia archaeocolumnaris Lakhanpal 1952 [nomen nudum], Grewia argentioides Lakhanpal 1952 [nomen nudum], Grewia garoensis Lakhanpal 1952 [nomen nudum]
G. †Grewiopsis Saporta 1865
+
†Grewiopsis acuminata Lesquereux 1887
†Grewiopsis aequidentata Lesquereux 1891
†Grewiopsis aldersoni Knowlton 1899
†Grewiopsis cleburni Lesquereux 1875
†Grewiopsis eocenica Lesquereux 1872
+
Invalid names: Grewiopsis ficifolia Ward 1885 [synonym], Grewiopsis saportanea Lesquereux 1878 [synonym]
†Grewiopsis flabellata Lesquereux 1868
+
Invalid names: Grewiopsis haydenii Lesquereux 1874 [synonym], Populites fagifolia Lesquereux 1872 [synonym]
†Grewiopsis formosa Berry 1919
†Grewiopsis mudgei Lesquereux 1891
†Grewiopsis populifolia Knowlton 1919
†Grewiopsis tenuifolia Lesquereux 1878
†Grewiopsis tiliacea Saporta 1865
†Grewiopsis walcotti Lesquereux 1887
G. †Grewioxylon Schüster 1910
+
†Grewioxylon indicum Prakash and Dayal 1965
†Grewioxylon mahurzariense Prakash and Dayal 1963
†Grewioxylon swedenborgii Schuster 1910
Invalid names: Grewioxylon Shallom 1963 [synonym], Grewioxylon tertiarum Trivedi and Srivastava 1980 [nomen nudum]
G. †Intratriporopollenites Thomson and Pflug 1953
G. †Palaeogrewia Massalongo 1851
+
†Palaeogrewia dejopeae Massalongo 1851
G. Tilia Linnaeus 1753 [linden]
+
†Tilia alaskana Heer 1869
Tilia americana Linnaeus 1753
†Tilia antiqua Newberry 1868
†Tilia dubia Newberry 1895
Tilia europaea Linnaeus 1753
†Tilia johnsoni Wolfe and Wehr 1987
†Tilia populifolia Lesquereux 1883
†Tilia speciosissima Knowlton 1918
†Tilia weedii Knowlton 1902
G. †Tiliaephyllum Newberry 1895
G. †Tilioxylon Hofmann 1952
G. Triumfetta Linnaeus 1753 [burbark]
+
Triumfetta lappula Linnaeus 1753
†Triumfetta rhomboideocarpa Bhattacharyya 1983
G. †Willisia Wolfe 1968
+
†Willisia rentonensis Wolfe 1968
Invalid names: Heliocarpoxylon Kate 1972 [nomen nudum], Tilianthus Yawale and Adhao 1987 [nomen nudum], Tilieae Chandler 1961 [empty]
Invalid names: Cytinaceae Richard 1824 [empty], Muntingiaceae Bayer et al. 1998 [empty], Sarcolaenaceae Caruel 1881 [empty], Sphaerosepalaceae Tiegh. 1959 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Diet: "photoautotroph"p
Created: 2011-07-22 00:04:15
Modified: 2011-07-21 09:04:15
Source: p = phylum
Reference: Kiessling 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Aptian to the top of the Holocene or 121.40000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 113.2 Ma

Collections (758 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Cretaceous143.1 - 66.0Argentina (Chubut) Sterculia patagonica, Sterculia platanoides (153393)
Aptian121.4 - 113.2Mexico (Chiapas) Bombacaceae indet. (68835)
Albian113.2 - 100.5USA (Kansas) Sterculia towneri (102713 102714 102720 102992) Sterculia towneri, Sterculia mucronata (29018 102722)
Middle Albian - Late/Upper Albian110.1 - 100.5USA (Virginia) Sterculia elegans (106317)
Middle Albian - Late/Upper Albian110.1 - 100.5USA (Wyoming) Sterculia mucronata (31186)
Early/Lower Cenomanian100.5 - 93.9Canada (British Columbia) Sterculia aperta (31904)
Late/Upper Cretaceous100.5 - 66.0USA (Missouri) Bombacacidites sp. A (232058)
Late/Upper Cretaceous100.5 - 66.0USA (Wyoming) Apeibopsis discolor (34971 34973) Grewiopsis saportana (34974) Sterculia towneri (31383)
Late/Upper Cretaceous - Early/Lower Paleocene100.5 - 61.66Argentina (Chubut) Intratriporopollenites sp. (195706) Intratriporopollenites sp., Bombacacidites brevis (195707)
Late/Upper Coniacian - Santonian89.8 - 83.6USA (Georgia) Manihotites georgiana (28321)
Early/Lower Campanian83.6 - 72.2USA (Wyoming) Manihotites georgiana (27314)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0USA (Georgia) Manihotites georgiana (212693)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0Mexico Wheeleroxylon atascosense (116346)
Late/Upper Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0Antarctica Sterculia washburnii (150273)
Middle Campanian - Early/Lower Maastrichtian83.6 - 66.0Peru (Amazonas) Malvales indet. (52840)
Late/Upper Campanian - Danian83.6 - 61.66Antarctica Bombacacidites bombaxoides (167434 167438) Bombacacidites bombaxoides, Bombacacidites sp. (168697)
Lancian72.2 - 66.0USA (South Dakota) Grewiopsis saportana (48193 48247)
Lancian72.2 - 66.0USA (North Dakota) Grewiopsis saportana (25501 25911 25912 25915 25917 25921 25922 25923 48183 48184 48185 48186 48195 48197 48219 48220 48231 48233 48272 48273 48275 48286) Pterospermites cordata (25414 25445 25468 48268) Pterospermites cordata, Grewiopsis saportana (25914 48191)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0USA (Wyoming) Grewiopsis saportana (34922 34967) Grewiopsis saportana, Apeibopsis discolor (34969)
Maastrichtian72.2 - 66.0Argentina (Chubut) Bombacacidites sp. (150882) Bombacacidites sp. 1 (151452) Intratriporopollenites sp. (31653) Intratriporopollenites sp., Bombacacidites brevis (199410)