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Pterosauria (pterosaur)
Taxonomy
Pterosauria was named by Kaup (1834). It was considered monophyletic by Nesbitt (2011) and Martínez et al. (2022).
It was synonymized subjectively with Ornithosaurii by Bonaparte (1850); it was synonymized subjectively with Ornithosauria by Cope (1871); it was reranked as the family Pterosauria by Günther (1886); it was reranked as the subclass Pterosauria by Gadow (1898) and Perrier (1928); it was corrected as Pterosauri by Hay (1902), Jaekel (1910), Jaekel (1911) and Hay (1930); it was reranked as the unranked clade Pterosauria by Gardiner (1982), Sereno (1991), Nesbitt (2011) and O'Sullivan and Martill (2018); it was reranked as the superorder Pterosauria by Olshevsky (1991).
It was assigned to Sauria by Owen (1859); to Rhamphosauria by Haeckel (1866); to Ornithosauria by Günther (1886); to Diapsida by Osborn (1903), Osborn (1903) and Osborn (1904); to Hyperosauria by Jaekel (1910) and Jaekel (1911); to Loricata by Hay (1930); to Archosauromorpha by Huene (1954); to Archosauria by Kuhn (1966); to Archosauria by Kuhn (1964), Charig (1967), Haubold (1971), Bakker and Galton (1974), Haubold (1974) and Thulborn (1975); to Aves by Gardiner (1982); to Archosauromorpha by Benton (1985); to Dinosauria by Bakker (1986); to Reptilia by Mantell (1854), Owen (1860), Owen (1861), Zittel (1890), Gadow (1898), Hay (1902), Perrier (1928), Swinton (1934), Kuhn (1946), Estes (1964) and Gasparini et al. (1987); to Ornithosuchia by Gauthier et al. (1989); to Archosauria by Olshevsky (1991); to Ornithodira by Gauthier (1986), Benton (1990), Sereno and Arcucci (1990), Sereno (1991) and Novas (1996); to Archosauria by Roxo (1937), Carroll (1988) and Delsate and Wild (2000); to Archosauria by O'Sullivan and Martill (2018) and Martínez et al. (2022); and to Pterosauromorpha by Nesbitt (2011) and Müller et al. (2023).
It was synonymized subjectively with Ornithosaurii by Bonaparte (1850); it was synonymized subjectively with Ornithosauria by Cope (1871); it was reranked as the family Pterosauria by Günther (1886); it was reranked as the subclass Pterosauria by Gadow (1898) and Perrier (1928); it was corrected as Pterosauri by Hay (1902), Jaekel (1910), Jaekel (1911) and Hay (1930); it was reranked as the unranked clade Pterosauria by Gardiner (1982), Sereno (1991), Nesbitt (2011) and O'Sullivan and Martill (2018); it was reranked as the superorder Pterosauria by Olshevsky (1991).
It was assigned to Sauria by Owen (1859); to Rhamphosauria by Haeckel (1866); to Ornithosauria by Günther (1886); to Diapsida by Osborn (1903), Osborn (1903) and Osborn (1904); to Hyperosauria by Jaekel (1910) and Jaekel (1911); to Loricata by Hay (1930); to Archosauromorpha by Huene (1954); to Archosauria by Kuhn (1966); to Archosauria by Kuhn (1964), Charig (1967), Haubold (1971), Bakker and Galton (1974), Haubold (1974) and Thulborn (1975); to Aves by Gardiner (1982); to Archosauromorpha by Benton (1985); to Dinosauria by Bakker (1986); to Reptilia by Mantell (1854), Owen (1860), Owen (1861), Zittel (1890), Gadow (1898), Hay (1902), Perrier (1928), Swinton (1934), Kuhn (1946), Estes (1964) and Gasparini et al. (1987); to Ornithosuchia by Gauthier et al. (1989); to Archosauria by Olshevsky (1991); to Ornithodira by Gauthier (1986), Benton (1990), Sereno and Arcucci (1990), Sereno (1991) and Novas (1996); to Archosauria by Roxo (1937), Carroll (1988) and Delsate and Wild (2000); to Archosauria by O'Sullivan and Martill (2018) and Martínez et al. (2022); and to Pterosauromorpha by Nesbitt (2011) and Müller et al. (2023).
Subtaxa
Aidacharidae, Anmolpakhi, Antipus, Archaeopteryx vicensensis, Arcticodactylus, Austriadactylus, Austriadraco, Austriadraconidae, Campylognathoides indicus, Campylognathoididae, Carniadactylus, Caviramus, Daohugoupterus, Eopterosauria, Eurolimnornis, Eurolimnornis corneti, Laopteryx, Laopteryx priscus, Macronychoptera, Ornithocephaliformes, Ornithocheirus hilsensis, Ornithocheirus nobilis, Ornithochirus, Palaeocursornis (syn. Palaeolimnornis, Eurolimnornis, Limnornis), Preondactylus, Ptenodactylus, Ptenodactylus brachyrhinus, Ptenodactylus capito, Ptenodactylus crassidens, Ptenodactylus dentatus, Ptenodactylus enchorhynchus, Ptenodactylus eurygnathus, Ptenodactylus macrorhinus, Ptenodactylus oxyrhinus, Ptenodactylus platystomus, Ptenodactylus polyodon, Ptenodactylus scaphorhynchus, Ptenodactylus tenuirostris, Pteraichnidae, Pteranodontes, Pterodactyli, Pterodactyloidea, Pterodactylus curtus, Pterodactylus hopkinsi, Pterodactylus huxleyi, Pterodactylus oweni, Pterodactylus primus, Pterodactylus suprajurensis, Rhamphorhynchoidea, Rhamphorhynchus jessoni, Rhamphorhynchus manselii, Rhamphorhynchus pleydellii, Samrukia, Scaphognathoidea, Seazzadactylus, Sharivopterygia, Tribelesodontoidea, Wukongopteridae
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
Year | Name and author |
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1834 | Pterosauria Kaup |
1838 | Ornithosauria Bonaparte |
1843 | Ornithosauri Fitzinger p. 35 |
1850 | Ornithosaurii Bonaparte p. 1 |
1854 | Pterosauria Mantell p. 646 |
1859 | Pterodactylus primus Deffner and Fraas |
1859 | Pterosauria Owen p. 151 |
1860 | Pterosauria Owen p. 244 |
1861 | Pterosauria Owen p. 270 |
1864 | Pterodactylus hopkinsi Seeley |
1864 | Pterodactylus oweni Seeley |
1865 | Pterodactylus huxleyi Seeley |
1866 | Pterosauria Haeckel p. CXXXVIII |
1869 | Ptenodactylus brachyrhinus Seeley |
1869 | Ptenodactylus capito Seeley |
1869 | Ptenodactylus crassidens Seeley |
1869 | Ptenodactylus dentatus Seeley |
1869 | Ptenodactylus enchorhynchus Seeley |
1869 | Ptenodactylus eurygnathus Seeley |
1869 | Ptenodactylus macrorhinus Seeley |
1869 | Ptenodactylus oweni Seeley |
1869 | Ptenodactylus oxyrhinus Seeley |
1869 | Ptenodactylus platystomus Seeley |
1869 | Ptenodactylus polyodon Seeley |
1869 | Ptenodactylus scaphorhynchus Seeley |
1869 | Ptenodactylus tenuirostris Seeley |
1870 | Pterodactylus curtus Owen |
1870 | Pterodactylus nobilis Owen |
1871 | Ornithosauria Cope p. 234 |
1873 | Pterodactylus suprajurensis Sauvage |
1874 | Pterodactylus manselii Owen |
1874 | Pterodactylus pleydellii Owen |
1875 | Ornithosauria Cope p. 12 |
1881 | Laopteryx priscus Marsh |
1883 | Ornithocheirus hilsensis Koken p. 824 |
1886 | Ornithosauria Günther p. 443 |
1886 | Pterosauria Günther p. 444 |
1887 | Ornithosauria Baur p. 101 |
1888 | Ornithocheirus curtus Lydekker |
1888 | Ornithocheirus nobilis Lydekker |
1889 | Ornithocheirus nobilis Newton p. 260 |
1890 | Rhamphorhynchus jessoni Lydekker |
1890 | Pterosauria Zittel pp. 450, 773–775 |
1890 | Pterodactylus manseli Zittel p. 793 |
1890 | Pterodactylus pleydelli Zittel p. 793 |
1890 | Pterodactylus primus Zittel p. 793 |
1891 | Rhamphorhynchus manselii Lydekker |
1891 | Rhamphorhynchus pleydellii Lydekker |
1891 | Rhamphorhynchus suprajurensis Lydekker |
1897 | Laopteryx priscus Marsh p. 508 |
1898 | Pterosauria Gadow p. 23 |
1898 | Ornithosauria Woodward p. 141 |
1900 | Rhamphorhynchus suprajurensis Sauvage p. 416 |
1900 | Laopteryx priscus Van Den Broeck p. 72 |
1900 | Ornithocheirus curtus Van Den Broeck p. 106 |
1900 | Ornithocheirus nobilis Van Den Broeck p. 106 |
1902 | Pterosauri Hay p. 506 |
1902 | Laopteryx priscus Hay p. 518 |
1903 | Pterosauria Osborn p. 276 |
1904 | Pterosauria Osborn p. 114 |
1910 | Pterosauri Jaekel p. 338 |
1911 | Pterosauri Jaekel p. 165 |
1916 | Laopteryx priscus Mook p. 134 |
1928 | Pterosauria Perrier p. 3118 |
1930 | Pterosauri Hay p. 159 |
1930 | Laopteryx priscus Hay p. 277 |
1933 | Archaeopteryx vicensensis Lambrecht |
1933 | Laopteryx priscus Lambrecht p. 96 |
1934 | Pterosauria Swinton p. 20 |
1937 | Pterosauria Roxo p. 44 |
1946 | Pterosauria Kuhn p. 66 |
1954 | Pterosauria Huene p. 55 |
1956 | Laopteryx priscus Wetmore p. 104 |
1958 | Pterodactylus manseli Delair p. 70 |
1958 | Pterodactylus pleydelli Delair p. 70 |
1958 | Pterodactylus suprajurensis Delair p. 70 |
1964 | Pterosauria Estes p. 145 |
1964 | Pterosauria Kuhn p. 312 |
1966 | Pterosauria Kuhn p. 107 |
1967 | Pterosauria Charig p. 717 |
1971 | Laopteryx prisca Brodkorb p. 29 |
1971 | Pterosauria Haubold p. 89 |
1974 | Pterosauria Bakker and Galton p. 171 |
1974 | Pterosauria Haubold p. 49 |
1974 | Campylognathoides indicus Jain |
1975 | Pterosauria Thulborn p. 267 |
1978 | Laopteryx priscus Brodkorb p. 224 |
1981 | Laopteryx priscus Galton p. 1120 |
1982 | Pterosauria Gardiner p. 229 |
1984 | Limnornis corneti Kessler and Jurcsák p. 397 |
1985 | Pterosauria Benton p. 154 |
1985 | Palaeolimnornis corneti Jurcsák and Kessler p. 138 |
1986 | Pterosauria Bakker pp. 459-460 |
1986 | Pterosauria Gauthier |
1986 | Eurolimnornis Kessler and Jurcsák p. 289 |
1987 | Pterosauria Gasparini et al. p. 141 |
1987 | Eurolimnornis corneti Kessler p. 129 |
1988 | Pterosauria Carroll |
1989 | Pterosauria Gauthier et al. p. 346 |
1990 | Pterosauria Benton p. 13 |
1990 | Pterosauria Sereno and Arcucci p. 39 fig. 7 |
1991 | Pterosauria Olshevsky p. 59 |
1991 | Pterosauria Sereno p. 34 |
1996 | Palaeocursornis corneti Bock and Bühler p. 512 |
1996 | Eurolimnornis Bock and Bühler p. 513 |
1996 | Pterosauria Novas p. 737 fig. 10 |
2000 | Pterosauria Delsate and Wild p. 7 |
2002 | Eurolimnornis Hope p. 352 |
2006 | Laopteryx priscus Chure et al. p. 236 |
2011 | Pterosauria Nesbitt fig. 52 |
2018 | Pterosauria O'Sullivan and Martill |
2022 | Pterosauria Martínez et al. |
2023 | Pterosauria Müller et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Or. †Pterosauria Kaup 1834 [pterosaur]
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G. †Austriadactylus Dalla Vecchia et al. 2002
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†Austriadactylus cristatus Dalla Vecchia et al. 2002
Fm. †Campylognathoididae
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G. †Campylognathoides Strand 1928
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†Campylognathoides liasicus Quendtedt 1858
†Campylognathoides zitteli Plieninger 1894
G. †Eudimorphodon Zambelli 1973
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†Eudimorphodon ranzii Zambelli 1973
†Eudimorphodon rosenfeldi Dalla Vecchia 1995
G. †Carniadactylus Dalla Vecchia 2009
G. †Laopteryx Marsh 1881
Unr. †Macronychoptera Unwin 2003
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Fm. †Dimorphodontidae Seeley 1870
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G. †Dimorphodon Owen 1859
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†Dimorphodon banthensis Theodori 1831
†Dimorphodon weintraubi Clark et al. 1998
Unr. †Novialoidea Kellner 2003
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Unr. †Breviquartossa Unwin 2003
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Fm. †Rhamphorhynchidae Seeley 1870
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G. †Bellubrunnus Hone et al. 2012
G. †Campylognathus Plieninger 1894
G. †Dendrorhynchus Ji and Ji 1998
G. †Klobiodon O'Sullivan and Martill 2018
G. †Odontorhynchus Stolley 1936
Subfm. †Rhamphorhynchinae Nopcsa 1928
Subfm. †Scaphognathinae Hooley
Invalid names: Angustinaripterinae He et al. 1983 [empty]
Unr. †Lonchognatha Unwin 2003
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Unr. †Monofenestrata Lü et al. 2010
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Unr. †Caelidracones Unwin 2003
G. †Changchengopterus Lü 2009
G. †Cuspicephalus Martill and Etches 2013
G. †Darwinopterus Lü et al. 2010
G. †Douzhanopterus Wang et al. 2017
G. †Melkamter Fernandes et al. 2024
G. †Pterodactylus Cuvier 1809
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Invalid names: Diopecephalus Seeley 1871 [synonym], Macrotrachelus Giebel 1852 [synonym], Pterotherium Fischer 1813 [synonym]
G. †Wukongopterus Wang et al. 2009
Subor. †Ornithocephaliformes Hay 1930
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Fm. †Ornithocephalidae Hay 1902
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Subfm. †Ornithocephalinae Hay 1930
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G. †Dermodactylus Marsh 1881
G. †Ornithocephalus Soemmerring 1812
G. †Palaeocursornis Kessler and Jurcsák 1986
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Invalid names: Eurolimnornis Kessler 1987 [replaced], Limnornis Kessler and Jurcsák 1984 [replaced], Palaeocursornis biharicus Kessler and Jurcsák 1986 [nomen dubium], Palaeolimnornis Jurcsák and Kessler 1985 [replaced]
Fm. †Pteraichnidae Lockley et al. 1995
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G. †Pteraichnus Stokes 1957
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†Pteraichnus dongyangensis Chen et al. 2013
†Pteraichnus koreanensis Lee et al. 2008
†Pteraichnus longipodus Fuentes Vidarte et al. 2004
†Pteraichnus nipponensis Lee et al. 2010
†Pteraichnus parvus Meijide Calvo 2001
†Pteraichnus saltwashensis Stokes 1957
†Pteraichnus stokesi Lockley et al. 1995
†Pteraichnus yanguoxiaensis Peng et al. 2004
Invalid names: Pteraichnus cidacoi Fuentes Vidarte 2001 [nomen dubium], Pteraichnus manueli Meijide Calvo 2001 [nomen dubium], Pteraichnus palacieisaenzi Pascual Arribas and Sanz Pérez 2000 [nomen dubium], Pteraichnus vetustior Meijide Fuentes 2001 [nomen dubium]
Subor. †Pterodactyloidea Plieninger 1901
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Fm. †Agadirichnidae Masrour et al. 2018
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Superfm. †Archaeopterodactyloidea Kellner 1996
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Unr. †Boreopteridae Lü et al. 2006
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G. †Boreopterus Lü and Ji 2005
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†Boreopterus cuiae Lü and Ji 2005
†Boreopterus giganticus Jiang et al. 2014
Invalid names: Boreopterinae Lü et al. 2012 [empty]
G. †Ardeadactylus Bennett 2013
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†Ardeadactylus longicollum Meyer 1854
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Invalid names: Pterodactylus vulturinus Wagner 1858 [synonym]
Superfm. †Azhdarchoidea Unwin 1992
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Fm. †Azhdarchidae Nessov 1984
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G. †Azhdarcho Nessov 1981
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G. †Doratorhynchus Seeley 1875
G. †Phosphatodraco Pereda Suberbiola et al. 2003
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†Phosphatodraco mauritanicus Pereda Suberbiola et al. 2003
Subfm. †Quetzalcoatlinae Andres et al. 2014
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G. †Quetzalcoatlus Lawson 1975
G. †Thanatosdrakon Ortiz David et al. 2022
G. †Wellnhopterus Andres and Langston Jr 2021
G. †Titanopteryx Arambourg 1959
Fm. †Dsungaripteridae Young 1964
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G. †Noripterus Young 1973
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†Noripterus complicidens Young 1973
†Noripterus parvus Bakhurina 1982
Invalid names: Phobetor Bakhurina 1986 [synonym]
G. †Nemicolopterus Wang et al. 2008 [forest dweller wing]
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†Nemicolopterus crypticus Wang et al. 2008
Unr. †Neoazhdarchia Unwin 2003
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Fm. †Chaoyangopteridae Lü et al. 2008
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G. †Apatorhamphus McPhee et al. 2020
G. †Lacusovagus Witton 2008
G. †Shenzhoupterus Lü et al. 2008
Superfm. †Tapejaroidea Kellner 1989
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Fm. †Tapejaridae Kellner 1989
Fm. †Thalassodromidae Kellner and Campos 2007
G. †Ornithostoma Seeley 1871
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Fm. †Protazhdarchidae Frey et al. 2011
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Unr. †Tapejaromorpha Andres et al. 2014
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Invalid names: Palaeornis cliftii Mantell 1844 [nomen dubium]
Superfm. †Dsungaripteroidea Young 1964
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G. †Puntanipterus Bonaparte and Sánchez 1975
Invalid names: Germanodactylidae Young 1964 [invalid subgroup], Nyctosauridae Hay 1902 [empty]
Fm. †Lonchodraconidae Rodrigues and Kellner 2013
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G. †Lonchodraco Rodrigues and Kellner 2013
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†Lonchodraco giganteus Bowerbank 1846
†Lonchodraco machaerorhynchus Seeley 1864
†Lonchodraco microdon Seeley 1869
Unr. †Lophocratia Unwin 2003
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G. †Ctenochasma Meyer 1851
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†Ctenochasma elegans Wagner 1861
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Invalid names: Ctenochasma gracile Oppel 1862 [synonym], Pterodactylus pulchellus Meyer 1859 [synonym]
†Ctenochasma porocristata de Buisonje 1981
†Ctenochasma roemeri Meyer 1851
†Ctenochasma taqueti Bennett 2007
Superfm. †Ctenochasmatoidea Unwin 1995
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Unr. †Euctenochasmatia Unwin 2003
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Fm. †Ctenochasmatidae Nopcsa 1928 [ctenochasmatid]
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Invalid names: Pterodaustridae Bonaparte 1971 [synonym]
Fm. †Gallodactylidae Fabre 1974
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G. †Gladocephaloideus Lü et al. 2012
G. †Petrodactyle Hone et al. 2023
Invalid names: Pterodactylidae Bonaparte 1838 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Cycnorhamphus Seeley 1870
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†Cycnorhamphus suevicus Quenstadt 1855
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Invalid names: Pterodactylus eurychirus Wagner 1858 [synonym]
G. †Germanodactylus Young 1964
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†Germanodactylus cristatus Wiman 1925
†Germanodactylus rhamphastinus Wagner 1851
G. †Plataleorhynchus Howse and Milner 1995
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†Plataleorhynchus streptophorodon Howse and Milner 1995
G. †Pterodaustro Bonaparte 1970
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†Pterodaustro guinazui Bonaparte 1970
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Invalid names: Puntanipterus globosus Bonaparte and Sánchez 1975 [synonym]
G. †Nyctosaurus Marsh 1876
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†Nyctosaurus bonneri Miller 1971
†Nyctosaurus gracilis Marsh 1876
†Nyctosaurus lamegoi Price 1953
†Nyctosaurus nanus Marsh 1881
Invalid names: Nyctodactylus Marsh 1881 [synonym]
Fm. †Ornithocheiridae Seeley 1870
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G. †Araripesaurus Price 1971
Invalid names: Criorhynchidae Hooley 1914 [synonym], Ornithocheirinae Williston 1897 [empty], Pteranodontinae Williston 1892 [empty]
Unr. †Pteranodontia Marsh 1876
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Unr. †Aponyctosauria Fernandes et al. 2022
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Unr. †Nyctosauridae Hay 1902
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G. †Barbaridactylus Longrich et al. 2018
G. †Muzquizopteryx Frey et al. 2006
Superfm. †Ornithocheiroidea Seeley 1870
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G. †Anhanguera Campos and Kellner 1985
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†Anhanguera araripensis Wellnhofer 1985
†Anhanguera blittersdorffi Campos and Kellner 1985
†Anhanguera cuvieri Bowerbank 1851
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Invalid names: Ornithocheirus colorhinus Seeley 1869 [synonym], Ornithocheirus denticulatus Seeley 1870 [synonym]
†Anhanguera ligabuei Dalla Vecchia 1993
†Anhanguera piscator Kellner and Tomida 2000
†Anhanguera robustus Wellnhofer 1987
†Anhanguera santanae Wellnhofer 1985
Fm. †Anhangueridae Campos and Kellner 1985
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Subfm. †Coloborhynchinae Holgado et al. 2019
G. †Haliskia Pentland et al. 2024
G. †Maaradactylus Bantim et al. 2014
Subfm. †Tropeognathinae Holgado and Pegas 2020
G. †Cearadactylus Leonardi and Borgomanero 1985
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†Cearadactylus atrox Leonardi and Borgomanero 1985
G. †Istiodactylus Howse et al. 2001
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†Istiodactylus latidens Seeley 1901
†Istiodactylus sinensis Andres and Ji 2006
Unr. †Lanceodontia Andres et al. 2014
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Unr. †Istiodactyliformes Kellner et al. 2019
Unr. †Targaryendraconia Pegas et al. 2020
G. †Lonchodectes Hooley 1914
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†Lonchodectes compressirostris Owen 1851
†Lonchodectes machaerorhynchus Seeley 1864
†Lonchodectes microdon Seeley 1869
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Invalid names: Ornithocheirus huxleyi Seeley 1870 [synonym], Ornithocheirus oweni Seeley 1870 [synonym]
G. †Nurhachius Wang et al. 2005
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†Nurhachius ignaciobritoi Wang et al. 2005
†Nurhachius luei Zhou et al. 2019
G. †Ornithocheirus Seeley 1869
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†Ornithocheirus wiedenrothi Wild 1990
Invalid names: Cimoliornis Owen 1846 [synonym], Criorhynchus Owen 1874 [objective synonym], Palaeornis Mantell 1835 [synonym]
Invalid names: Euornithocheira Unwin 2003 [empty]
G. †Pteranodon Marsh 1876
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Subg. †Pteranodon (Longicepia) Miller 1971
Subg. †Pteranodon (Occidentalia) Miller 1971
Subg. †Pteranodon (Sternbergia) Miller 1971
†Pteranodon longiceps Marsh 1876
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Invalid names: Pteranodon (Longicepia) marshi Miller 1971 [synonym], Pteranodon (Sternbergia) walkeri Miller 1971 [synonym]
†Pteranodon sternbergi Harksen 1966
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Invalid names: Pteranodon (Occidentalia) eatoni Miller 1971 [synonym]
Invalid names: Ornithocheirus harpyia Cope 1872 [nomen dubium], Ornithocheirus umbrosus Cope 1872 [nomen dubium], Pteranodon comptus Marsh 1876 [nomen dubium], Pterodactylus ingens Marsh 1872 [nomen dubium], Pterodactylus occidentalis Marsh 1872 [nomen dubium], Pterodactylus oweni Marsh 1871 [nomen dubium], Pterodactylus velox Marsh 1872 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Pteranodontidae Marsh 1876
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G. †Santanadactylus Buisonjé 1980
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†Santanadactylus brasilensis Buisonjé 1980
†Santanadactylus spixi Wellnhofer 1985
Invalid names: Azhdarchinae Nessov 1984 [empty], Ornithostomatidae Williston 1893 [synonym], Ornithostomatinae Williston 1897 [synonym]
Superfm. †Pteranodontoidea Kellner 1996
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Unr. †Anhangueria Rodrigues and Kellner 2013
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G. †Camposipterus Rodrigues and Kellner 2013
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†Camposipterus colorhinus Seeley 1869
†Camposipterus sedgwickii Owen 1859
Invalid names: Ornithocheirae Seeley 1870 [empty]
G. †Cimoliopterus Rodrigues and Kellner 2013
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†Cimoliopterus cuvieri Bowerbank 1851
†Cimoliopterus dunni Myers 2015
Fm. †Tendaguripteridae Kellner et al. 2007
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Invalid names: Araripedactylus Wellnhofer 1977 [nomen dubium], Araripedactylus dehmi Wellnhofer 1977 [nomen dubium], Araripesaurus castilhoi Price 1971 [nomen dubium], Belonochasmatidae [empty], Cearadactylidae Wellnhofer 1991 [empty], Dermodactylus montanus Marsh 1878 [nomen dubium], Doratorhynchus validus Owen 1870 [nomen vanum], Eupterodactyloidea Bennett 1994 [empty], Ornithocheirus brachyrhinus Seeley 1870 [nomen dubium], Ornithocheirus bunzeli Seeley 1881 [nomen dubium], Ornithocheirus carteri Seeley 1870 [nomen dubium], Ornithocheirus crassidens Seeley 1870 [nomen dubium], Ornithocheirus dentatus Seeley 1870 [nomen dubium], Ornithocheirus enchorhynchus Seeley 1870 [nomen dubium], Ornithocheirus eurygnathus Seeley 1870 [nomen dubium], Ornithocheirus oxyrhinus Seeley 1870 [nomen dubium], Ornithocheirus scaphorhynchus Seeley 1870 [nomen dubium], Ornithocheirus tenuirostris Seeley 1870 [nomen dubium], Ornithocheirus xyphorhynchus Seeley 1870 [nomen dubium], Ornithodesmidae Hooley 1913 [empty], Osteornis Rodrigues and Kellner 2013 [nomen dubium], Pterodactylus grandipelvis Meyer 1860 [nomen dubium], Pterodactylus grandis Cuvier 1824 [nomen dubium], Pterodactylus longipes Münster 1859 [nomen dubium], Pterodactylus woodwardi Owen 1861 [nomen dubium], Santanadactylus pricei Wellnhofer 1985 [nomen dubium], Titanopterygiidae Padian 1984 [empty]
Subor. †Rhamphorhynchoidea Plieninger 1901
+
Fm. †Scaphognathidae Hooley 1913
+
Invalid names: Comodactylus Galton 1981 [nomen dubium], Comodactylus ostromi Galton 1981 [nomen dubium], Eudimorphodontidae Wellnhofer 1978 [empty]
Fm. †Wukongopteridae Wang et al. 2009
+
G. †Kunpengopterus Wang et al. 2010
+
†Kunpengopterus antipollicatus Zhou et al. 2021
†Kunpengopterus sinensis Wang et al. 2010
Invalid names: Aidacharidae Nessov 1981 [empty], Archaeopteryx vicensensis Lambrecht 1933 [nomen vanum], Austriadraconidae Kellner 2015 [empty], Campylognathoides indicus Jain 1974 [nomen dubium], Eurolimnornis Kessler and Jurcsák 1986 [nomen dubium], Eurolimnornis corneti Kessler and Jurcsák 1984 [nomen dubium], Laopteryx priscus Marsh 1881 [nomen dubium], Ornithocheirus hilsensis Koken 1883 [nomen dubium], Ornithocheirus nobilis Owen 1870 [nomen dubium], Ornithosaurii Bonaparte 1838 [synonym], Ptenodactylus brachyrhinus Seeley 1869 [nomen nudum], Ptenodactylus capito Seeley 1869 [nomen nudum], Ptenodactylus crassidens Seeley 1869 [nomen nudum], Ptenodactylus dentatus Seeley 1869 [nomen nudum], Ptenodactylus enchorhynchus Seeley 1869 [nomen dubium], Ptenodactylus eurygnathus Seeley 1869 [nomen nudum], Ptenodactylus macrorhinus Seeley 1869 [nomen nudum], Ptenodactylus oxyrhinus Seeley 1869 [nomen nudum], Ptenodactylus platystomus Seeley 1869 [nomen nudum], Ptenodactylus polyodon Seeley 1869 [nomen nudum], Ptenodactylus scaphorhynchus Seeley 1869 [nomen nudum], Ptenodactylus tenuirostris Seeley 1869 [nomen nudum], Pteranodontes Gadow 1898 [empty], Pterodactyli Meyer 1830 [empty], Pterodactylus curtus Owen 1870 [nomen dubium], Pterodactylus hopkinsi Seeley 1864 [nomen nudum], Pterodactylus huxleyi Seeley 1865 [nomen nudum], Pterodactylus oweni Seeley 1864 [nomen nudum], Pterodactylus primus Deffner and Fraas 1859 [nomen nudum], Pterodactylus suprajurensis Sauvage 1873 [nomen dubium], Rhamphorhynchus jessoni Lydekker 1890 [nomen dubium], Rhamphorhynchus manselii Owen 1874 [nomen dubium], Rhamphorhynchus pleydellii Owen 1874 [nomen dubium], Scaphognathoidea Hooley 1913 [empty], Sharivopterygia Olshevsky 1991 [empty], Tribelesodontoidea Nopcsa 1928 [empty]
Diagnosis
Reference | Diagnosis | |
---|---|---|
R. Owen 1860 | Pectoral members, by the elongation of the antibrachium and fifth digit, adapted for flight. Vertebrae procoelian ; those of the neck very large, not exceeding eight in number; those of the pelvis few and small. Most of the bones pneumatic. Head large ; jaws long, and armed with teeth. | |
R. Owen 1861 | Pectoral members, by the elongation of the antibrachium and fifth digit, adapted for flight. Vertebra procoelian; those of the neck very large, those of the pelvis small. Most of the bones pneumatic. Head large ; jaws long, and armed with teeth. | |
K. A. v. Zittel 1890 | Körper vogelähnlich, von geringer oder massiger Grösse
mit kurzem oder langem Schwanz. Wirbel und Extremitätenknochen hohl, pneumatisch. Hals kräftig, ziemlich lang, mit dem Schädel einen rechten Winkel bildend. Hals- und Rückenwirbel procöl. Schwanzwirbel amphicöl. Sacrum mit drei bis fünf Wirbeln. Vordere Rückenrippen zweiköpfig. Bauchrippen vorhanden. Schädel vogelartig mit zugespitztem Schnabel, Nähte undeutlich; Kiefer bezahnt oder zahnlos. Zähne in Alveolen. Quadratbein lang, unbeweglich. Seitliche Schläfenlöcher knöchern umgrenzt. Augenhöhlen meist mit Scleroticaring. Brustbein gross, schildförmig, vorne gekielt. Clavicula fehlt. Vorderfüsse durch starke Verlängerung des fünften Fingers, woran sich eine Flughaut anheftet als Flugorgan entwickelt. Tarsus mit zwei Reihen von Knöchelchen. Metatarsalia dünn, schlank; Hinterfüsse vier- bis fünfzehig. Hautnackt. | |
E. Perrier 1928 | Membres antérieurs à doigt externe très allongé, supportant une membrane alaire. |
Measurements
No measurements are available
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Source: s = species, o = order, c = class, subp = subphylum | |||||
References: Padian 1985, Hendy et al. 2009, Witton 2008, Carroll 1988 |
Age range
Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Tuvalian to the top of the Lancian or 232.00000 to 66.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 228.0 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 228.0 Ma
Collections (815 total)
Oldest occurrences | |||
Time interval | Ma | Country or state | Original ID and collection number |
---|---|---|---|
Carnian | United Kingdom (England) | Pterosauria indet. (13175 13176 13183) | |
Late/Upper Triassic - Early/Lower Jurassic | USA (Utah) | Dimorphodontidae indet. (183201) | |
Tuvalian | Poland (Opole) | Pterosauria indet. (61449) | |
Norian | Italy (Friuli Venezia Giulia) | Seazzadactylus venieri (205840) | |
Norian | USA (Arizona) | Pterosauria indet. (39160) | |
Norian | Argentina (San Juan) | Pterosauria indet. (182614) Pterosauria indet., Pachagnathus benitoi, Yelaphomte praderioi (182613) | |
Norian | Greenland (East Greenland) | Eudimorphodon sp. (26995) | |
Norian | Switzerland (Schaffhausen) | Pterosauria indet., Eudimorphodon sp. (47803) | |
Norian | USA (New Mexico) | Pterosauria indet. (80926 83740) | |
Alaunian | Luxembourg (Diekirch) | Eudimorphodon sp. (56047) | |
Alaunian | Italy (Lombardia) | Eudimorphodon ranzii (36377) Eudimorphodon ranzii, Pterosauria indet., Peteinosaurus zambelli, Carniadactylus rosenfeldi (59639) | |
Alaunian | Italy (Friuli-Venezia Giulia) | Eudimorphodon rosenfeldi (83417) Eudimorphodon sp. (83361) Preondactylus buffarinii (83392) Pterosauria indet. (83396) Pterosauria indet., Preondactylus buffarinii (83370) | |
Alaunian - Sevatian | Italy (Friuli-Venezia Giulia) | Austriadactylus cristatus, Preondactylus buffarinii (83471) Eudimorphodon sp. (83418 83421) | |
Sevatian | Austria (Tirol) | Eudimorphodon ranzii (83351) | |
Sevatian | Austria (Tyrol) | Austriadactylus cristatus (68334) | |
Sevatian | Italy (Lombardia) | Eudimorphodon ranzii (94207) | |
Sevatian - Rhaetian | Switzerland (Canton Grisons) | Caviramus schesaplanensis (87875) Raeticodactylus filisurensis (87874) | |
Rhaetian | Luxembourg | Eudimorphodon sp. (67895) | |
Rhaetian | France (Lorraine) | Eudimorphodon sp. (36106 92109) | |
Rhaetian | Switzerland (Schaffhausen) | Eudimorphodon sp. (51235) |