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Arthropoda (arthropod)

Taxonomy
Arthropoda was named by Latreille (1829) [also attributed to Siebold and Stannius 1845]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Metazoa by Shoshani et al. (1989) and Sepkoski (2002); to Animalia by Zhang and Shu (2005); to Ecdysozoa by Edgecombe et al. (2011); and to Panarthropoda by Zrzavy et al. (1998) and Nielsen (2012).

Subtaxa
Actaeus, Agonata, Almenia, Aptera, Arachnoidea, Arachnomorpha, Artiopoda, Blattina splendens, Bradoriida (syn. Bradoriid, Archaeocopida), Branchiata, Bundenbachiellus, Burgessia, Clypecaris, Cryptocaris, Dalmaniopsis, Deuteropoda, Devonopilio, Devonopilio hutchinsoni, Dicerocaris, Dinocarida, Dinopilio parvus, Dongshanocaris, Douglasocaris, Emeiella, Ercaia, Esmeraldacaris, Euthycarcinoidea, Forfexicaris, Gaoqiaioella, Geracus, Geracus tubifer, Gigantopleurida, Goticaris, Graeophonus, Guangweicarididae, Habelia, Hadranax, Hanburia, Henningsmoenicaris, Huangshandongia, Jianfengia, Jiucunella, Kablikia, Kampecaris obanensis, Kleptothule, Kounicia, Liantuoia, Libellula carbonaria, Longquania, Marrellomorpha, Marrelomorpha, Megadictyon, Meristosoma, Merostomoidea, Monoculus, Motina, Myriapoda, Naptile, Notchia, Occacaris, Odaraiida, Orstenocarida, Palaeophonus arctus, Panlongia, Paratrilobita, Parioscorpio, Parvancorinomorpha, Parvibellus, Pauloterminus, Pedestria, Pisinnocaris, Platicytes, Plenocaris, Pleurolycosa, Pleurolycosa prolifera, Poliochera pustulatus, Priscansermarinus, Proricaris, Proschizoramia, Protocaris, Pseudoiulia, Pycnogonida (syn. Arachnopoda), Pygmaclypeatus, Radiodonta, Rhombicalvaria, Rhynimonstrum, Schizodiscus, Scorpionida, Serracaris, Shankouia, Siberion, Skaracarida, Synistata, Tanglangia, Tuzoida, Unogata, Utahcaris, Walossekia, Youti, Zagoracaris

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1758Aptera Linnaeus p. 341
1758Monoculus Linnaeus p. 634
1761Aptera Linnaeus p. 472
1761Monoculus Linnaeus p. 497
1762Monoculus Geoffroy p. 651
1763Pedestria Scopoli p. 378
1763Monoculus Scopoli p. 413
1764Aptera Müller p. 89
1764Monoculus Müller p. 95
1766Aptera Schaeffer
1767Aptera Linnaeus p. 1012
1767Monoculus Linnaeus p. 1057
1768Aptera Strøm p. 359
1770Aptera Drury
1775Monoculus Fabricius p. 294
1775Synistata Fabricius p. 294
1775Agonata Fabricius p. 399
1775Unogata Fabricius p. 420
1776Aptera Müller p. 183
1798Synistata Fabricius p. 197
1829Arthropoda Latreille
1865Blattina splendens Göppert p. 276 figs. Pl 64, fig 11
1876Libellula carbonaria Scudder p. 89 fig. 2
1890Graeophonus Scudder p. 453
1890Graeophonus carbonarius Scudder p. 454 figs. Pl 40, figs 2,3,6
1895Palaeophonus arctus Matthew p. 98 figs. Pl 1, figs 7a,b
1897Geracus Matthew p. 55
1897Geracus tubifer Matthew p. 55 fig. 3
1899Arthrolycosa prolifera Fritsch p. 61 figs. Pl 153, figs 1-3; text-fig 366
1899Kampecaris obanensis Peach p. 122 figs. Pl 4, fig 2
1901Kounicia Frič p. 175
1904Pleurolycosa Fritsch p. 23
1904Pleurolycosa prolifera Fritsch p. 23 fig. 29
1913Graeophonus carbonarius Petrunkevitch p. 67 figs. Pl 5, figs 27-29; text-figs 29-31
1953Graeophonus carbonarius Petrunkevitch p. 99
1953Dinopilio parvus Petrunkevitch p. 110 fig. 197
1963Poliochera pustulatus Laurentiaux-Vieira and Laurentiaux p. 25 figs. Pl 3, fig 3; text-fig 3
1976Schizoramia Bergström
1989Arthropoda Shoshani et al. p. 435
1998Arthropoda Zrzavy et al.
2002Arthropoda Sepkoski
2005Arthropoda Zhang and Shu p. 187
2006Zagoracaris von Roy
2008Pleurolycosa prolifera Štamberg and Zajíc p. 57 fig. 36
2011Arthropoda Edgecombe et al. p. 153 figs. Fig. 1
2012Arthropoda Nielsen p. 240 figs. Fig. 42.1
2013Graeophonus Dunlop et al. p. 190
2013Graeophonus carbonarius Dunlop et al. p. 190
2014Graeophonus Engel and Grimaldi p. 3
2017Graeophonus Garwood et al. p. 12
2020Devonopilio Tihelka et al. p. 314
2020Devonopilio hutchinsoni Tihelka et al. p. 315 fig. 2

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Protostomia
RankNameAuthor
—EcdysozoaAguinaldo et al. 1997
—Panarthropoda
phylumArthropodaLatreille 1829
phylumArthropodaLatreille 1829

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Ph. Arthropoda Latreille 1829 [arthropod]
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G. †Actaeus
G. †Almenia Hou and Bergström 1997
+
†Almenia spinosa Hou and Bergström 1997
Or. †Bradoriida Raymond 1935
+
Fm. †Beyrichonidae Ulrich and Bassler 1931
+
G. †Aluta Mathew 1896
G. †Beyrichona Mathew 1886
+
Invalid names: Escasona Mathew 1902 [synonym]
G. †Eremos Moberg and Segerberg 1906
G. †Sellula Wiman 1903
Fm. †Bradoriidae Mathew 1902
+
G. †Bradoria Mathew 1899
+
†Bradoria scrutator Mathew 1899
Invalid names: Bradorona Mathew 1903 [synonym]
G. †Walcottella Ulrich and Bassler 1931
Fm. †Cambriidae Li 1975
+
G. †Petrianna Siveter 1986
Fm. †Comptalutidae Opik 1968
+
G. †Alutella
+
†Alutella elongta Peng et al. 2010
G. †Haoia Shu 1990
Fm. †Hipponicharionidae Sylvester-Bradley 1961
+
G. †Albrunnicola Martinsson 1979
+
†Albrunnicola bengtsoni Hinz-Schallreuter 1993
G. †Bicarinellata Stigall 2008
+
†Bicarinellata evansi Rode et al. 2003
Invalid names: Bicarinella Rode et al. 2003 [replaced]
G. †Cambria Netskaya and Ivanova 1956
G. †Hipponicharion Mathew 1886
+
†Hipponicharion ichnusum Elicki and Pillola 2004
Subfm. †Hipponicharioninae Sylvester-Bradley 1961
+
G. †Vojbokalina Khazanovich et al. 1984
+
†Vojbokalina magnifica Khazanovich et al. 1984
G. †Polyphyma Groom 1902
G. †Pseudobeyrichona Cui 1990
+
†Pseudobeyrichona monile Streng and Geyer 2019
G. †Quadricona Topper et al. 2011
+
†Quadricona madonnae Topper et al. 2011
G. †Voibokalina Khazanovich et al. 1984
G. †Monceretia Vannier and Williams 2005
+
†Monceretia erisylvia Vannier and Williams 2005
G. †Qingquanella Huo 1985
G. †Sinskolutella Melnikova 1998
G. †Spinospitella Skovsted et al. 2006
+
†Spinospitella coronata Skovsted et al. 2006
Fm. †Svealutidae Opik 1968
+
G. †Liangshanella Huo 1956
+
†Liangshanella lubrica Qian and Zhang 1983
†Liangshanella sayutinae Melnikova 1988
G. †Yakutingella Melnikova 1998
Invalid names: Archaeocopida Sylvester-Bradley 1961 [synonym], Bradoriid Hu 2005 [synonym]
G. †Burgessia
G. †Clypecaris Hou 1997
G. †Cryptocaris Barrande 1872
+
†Cryptocaris bohemica Barrande 1872
†Cryptocaris contracta Barrande 1872
†Cryptocaris obsoleta Barrande 1872
†Cryptocaris pulchra Barrande 1872
†Cryptocaris rhomboidea Barrande 1872
†Cryptocaris solida Barrande 1872
†Cryptocaris tardissima Barrande 1872
G. †Dongshanocaris Hou and Bergström 1998
+
†Dongshanocaris foliiformis Hou and Bergström 1998
G. †Emeiella
G. †Ercaia Chen et al. 2001
G. †Esmeraldacaris Waggoner 2003
+
†Esmeraldacaris richardsonae Waggoner 2003
Subcl. †Euthycarcinoidea Gall and Grauvogel 1964
+
Or. †Euthycarcinida Gall and Grauvogel 1964
+
Fm. †Euthycarcinidae Handlirsch 1914
+
G. †Euthycarcinus Handlirsch 1914
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†Euthycarcinus kessleri Handlirsch 1914
Fm. †Kottixerxidae Starobogatov 1988
+
G. †Heterocrania Hirst and Maulik 1926
+
†Heterocrania rhyniensis Hirst and Maulik 1926
Invalid names: Crania Hirst and Maulik 1926 [replaced]
G. †Forfexicaris Hou 1999
G. †Goticaris
Fm. †Guangweicarididae Luo et al. 2007
+
G. †Guangweicaris Luo et al. 2007
+
†Guangweicaris spinatus Luo et al. 2007
G. †Habelia
G. †Hanburia Walcott 1916
G. †Kablikia
G. †Kleptothule Budd 1995
+
G. †Liantuoia
G. †Longquania Luo et al. 2008
+
†Longquania bispinosa Luo et al. 2008
Cl. †Marrelomorpha Beurlen 1930
+
Or. †Acercostraca Lehmann 1955
+
Fm. †Vachonisiidae Tasch 1969
+
Invalid names: Mimetasterida Beurlen 1934 [empty]
G. †Meristosoma Robison and Wiley 1995
+
†Meristosoma paradoxum Robison and Wiley 1995
+
Invalid names: Emeraldellida Størmer 1944 [empty], Limulavida Walcott 1912 [empty]
G. †Motina
Cl. Myriapoda Latreille 1802
+
G. †Anthracerpes Meek and Worthen 1865
+
†Anthracerpes typus Meek and Worthen 1865
G. †Archicarabides Fritsch 1901
+
†Archicarabides pater Fritsch 1901
Cl. Chilopoda Latreille 1817 [centipede]
+
G. †Nisaukankoil Malkani 2019
+
†Nisaukankoil beakeri Malkani 2019
+
+
Fm. †Crussolidae Shear et al. 1998
G. †Latzelia Scudder 1890
Fm. Scutigeridae Gervais 1837
G. †Phailawaghkankoil Malkani 2019
+
+
+
Fm. Henicopidae Pocock 1901
G. †Lithopendra Haug et al. 2023
+
†Lithopendra anjafliessae Haug et al. 2023
+
Or. †Devonobiomorpha Shear and Bonamo 1988
Unr. Epimorpha Haase 1880
G. †Rhyniognatha Tillyard 1928
+
†Rhyniognatha hirsti Tillyard 1928
Invalid names: Anamorpha Haase 1880 [empty], Succinipatopsidae Poinar 2000 [invalid subgroup], Succinipatopsis Poinar 2000 [nomen dubium], Succinipatopsis balticus Poinar 2000 [nomen dubium]
Unr. Dignatha Tiegs 1947
+
Subcl. Diplopoda Gervais 1844 [millipede]
+
Subcl. †Arthropleuridea Waterlot 1934
+
Or. †Arthropleurida Waterlot 1934
Subcl. Chilognatha Latreille 1802
+
Infracl. Helminthomorpha Pocock 1887
Infracl. Pentazonia Brandt 1833
Or. Chordeumatida Cook 1895
+
Fm. Craspedosomatidae Cook 1895
Subor. Heterochordeumatidea Shear 2000
G. †Decorotergum Jell 1983
+
†Decorotergum warrenae Jell 1983
Fm. Iulidae Leach 1814
+
G. Iulus Linnaeus 1758
Subcl. Penicillata Latreille 1825
+
Or. Polyxenida Lucas 1840
Fm. †Proiulidae Fritsch 1899
+
G. †Tomiulus Martynov 1936
+
+
Fm. Pauropodidae Lubbock 1867
G. †Eileticus Scudder 1882
+
†Eileticus aequalis Scudder 1890
†Eileticus anthracinus Scudder 1882
G. †Eojulus Kušta 1886
+
†Eojulus fragilis Kušta 1886
G. †Hemiphoberia Fritsch 1899
+
†Hemiphoberia alternans Fritsch 1899
G. †Heterovorhoeffia Fritsch 1899
+
†Heterovorhoeffia crassa Fritsch 1899
G. †Juloites Haupt 1956
+
G. †Kralupia Fritsch 1907
+
†Kralupia carbonaria Fritsch 1907
G. †Palenarthrus Scudder 1890
+
†Palenarthrus impressus Scudder 1890
G. †Sandtneria Fritsch 1899
+
†Sandtneria gemmata Fritsch 1899
Cl. Symphyla Ryder 1880
+
Or. Scolopendrellida Hoffman 1969
+
Fm. Scolopendrellidae Newport 1845
+
G. Scolopendrella Gervais 1836
G. Symphylella Silvestri 1902
Fm. Scutigerellidae Bagnall 1913
+
G. Hanseniella Bagnall 1913
+
†Hanseniella baltica Scheller 2004
G. Scutigerella Ryder 1882
+
†Scutigerella baltica Scheller 2004
†Scutigerella dominicana Poinar and Edwards 1995
Invalid names: Eoscolopendridae Scudder 1890 [invalid subgroup], Gerascutigeridae Scudder 1890 [invalid subgroup], Tiphoscorpionoidea Kjellesvig-Waering 1986 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Naptile
G. †Notchia Lerosey-Aubril 2015
+
†Notchia weugi Lerosey-Aubril 2015
G. †Occacaris Hou 1999
Or. †Odaraiida Simonetta and Delle Cave 1975
+
Fm. †Pectocariidae Hou 1999
+
G. †Pectocaris Hou 1999
+
†Pectocaris spatiosa Hou 1999
Invalid names: Odaraia [synonym]
G. †Panlongia Liu et al. 2006
+
†Panlongia spinosa Liu et al. 2006
†Panlongia tetranodusa Liu et al. 2006
Unr. †Parvancorinomorpha Lin et al. 2006
+
Fm. †Parvancorinidae Glaessner 1979
+
G. †Primicaris Zhang et al. 2003
+
†Primicaris larvaformis Zhang et al. 2003
†Primicaris lavaformis Zhang et al. 2003
G. †Skania Walcott 1931
+
†Skania fragilis Walcott 1931
†Skania sundbergi Lin et al. 2006
G. †Parvibellus Liu et al. 2022
+
†Parvibellus atavus Liu et al. 2022
G. †Pauloterminus Taylor 2002
+
G. †Pisinnocaris Hou and Bergström 1998
G. †Platicytes Garvey and Hasiotis 2008
+
†Platicytes lioparadus Garvey and Hasiotis 2008
G. †Priscansermarinus Collins and Rudkin 1981
+
†Priscansermarinus barnetti Collins and Rudkin 1981
G. †Proricaris Baily 1870
+
†Proricaris machenrici Baily 1870
+
†Protocaris marshi Walcott 1884
G. †Pseudoiulia Hou and Bergström 1998
+
†Pseudoiulia cambriensis Hou and Bergström 1998
Cl. Pycnogonida Latreille 1810 [sea spider]
+
G. †Cambropycnogon Waloszek and Dunlop 2002
+
†Cambropycnogon klausmuelleri Waloszek and Dunlop 2002
G. †Flagellopantopus Poschmann and Dunlop 2006
+
†Flagellopantopus blocki Poschmann and Dunlop 2006
G. †Haliestes Siveter et al. 2004
+
†Haliestes dasos Siveter et al. 2004
Fm. †Palaeoisopodidae Dubinin 1957
+
G. †Palaeoisopus Broili 1928
+
G. †Palaeomarachne Rudkin et al. 2013
+
†Palaeomarachne granulata Rudkin et al. 2013
+
Fm. †Palaeopantopodidae Hedgpeth 1955
+
G. †Palaeopantopus Broili 1929
+
†Palaeopantopus maucheri Broili 1929
G. †Palaeothea Bergstrom et al. 1980
+
†Palaeothea devonica Bergstroem et al. 1980
Or. Pantopoda Gerstaecker 1863
+
Fm. Ammotheidae Dohrn 1881
+
Invalid names: Ammothellidae Fry 1978 [synonym], Ephyrogymnidae Fry 1978 [synonym], Eurycididae Sars 1891 [synonym], Oorhynchidae Schimkewitsch 1913 [synonym], Paranymphonidae Fry 1978 [synonym], Sericosuridae Fry 1978 [synonym], Tanystylidae Shimkevich 1913 [synonym], Trygaeidae Fry 1978 [synonym]
Fm. Ascorhynchidae Hoek 1881
+
G. Eurycyde Schiödte 1857
+
†Eurycyde golem Sabroux et al. 2019
Fm. Callipallenidae Hilton 1942
+
Invalid names: Cheilapallenidae Fry 1978 [synonym], Clavigeropallenidae Fry 1978 [synonym], Hannonidae Fry 1978 [synonym], Metapallenidae Fry 1978 [synonym], Pallenidae Wilson 1878 [synonym], Queubidae Fry 1978 [synonym], Stylopallenidae Fry 1978 [synonym]
Fm. Colossendeidae Jarzynsky 1870
+
Subfm. Colossendeinae Jarzynsky 1870
+
G. †Colossopantopodus Charbonnier et al. 2007
Invalid names: Pasithoidae Sars 1891 [synonym], Rhopalorhynchidae Fry 1978 [synonym]
Fm. Endeidae Norman 1904
+
G. †Palaeoendeis Charbonnier et al. 2007
+
†Palaeoendeis elmii Charbonnier et al. 2007
Fm. †Palaeopycnogonididae Sabroux et al. 2023
+
G. †Palaeopycnogonides Charbonnier et al. 2007
+
†Palaeopycnogonides gracilis Charbonnier et al. 2007
Fm. Phoxichilidiidae Sars 1891
+
Invalid names: Anoplodactylidae Fry 1978 [synonym], Phoxiphilyridae Fry 1978 [synonym]
Invalid names: Austrodecidae Stock 1954 [empty], Nymphonidae Wilson 1878 [empty], Pallenopsidae Fry 1978 [empty], Pycnogonidae Wilson 1878 [empty], Rhynchothoracidae Thompson 1909 [empty]
G. †Pentapantopus Kühl et al. 2013
+
†Pentapantopus vogteli Kühl et al. 2013
Invalid names: Arachnopoda Dana 1853 [synonym], Palaeoisopoda [empty]
G. †Pygmaclypeatus Zhang et al. 2000
G. †Rhombicalvaria Hou 1987
+
G. †Rhynimonstrum Anderson and Trewin 2003
+
†Rhynimonstrum dunlopi Anderson and Trewin 2003
G. †Schizodiscus Clarke 1888
Cl. Scorpionida Latreille 1817 [scorpion]
+
G. †Waeringoscorpio Størmer 1970
Invalid names: Euscorpionina Petrunkevitch 1949 [empty], Neoscorpionina [empty], Palaeoscorpiones Stockwell 1989 [empty], Proscorpionidae Scudder 1885 [empty]
G. †Shankouia Waloszek et al. 2005
+
†Shankouia zhenghei Chen et al. 2004
G. †Tanglangia Lou and Hu 1999
Or. †Tuzoida Simonetta and Delle Cave 1975
+
Fm. †Tuzoiidae Raymond 1935
+
G. †Tuzoia Walcott 1912
+
†Tuzoia australis Glaessner 1979
†Tuzoia bispinosa Yuan and Zhao 1999
+
Invalid names: Tuzoia magna Yuan and Zhao 1999 [synonym]
†Tuzoia burgessensis Resser 1929
†Tuzoia canadensis Resser 1929
+
Invalid names: Tuzoia praemorsa Resser 1929 [synonym]
†Tuzoia dunbari Resser 1929
†Tuzoia guntheri Robison and Richards 1981
†Tuzoia limba Shu 1990
†Tuzoia manchuriensis Resser and Endo 1937
†Tuzoia parva Walcott 1912
†Tuzoia peterseni Robison and Richards 1981
†Tuzoia polleni Resser 1929
+
Invalid names: Tuzoia getzi Resser 1929 [synonym], Tuzoia nitida Resser and Howell 1938 [synonym], Tuzoia nodosa Resser 1929 [synonym], Tuzoia spinosa Resser 1929 [synonym], Tuzoia vermontensis Resser 1929 [synonym]
†Tuzoia retifera Walcott 1912
†Tuzoia sinensis Pan 1957
G. †Utahcaris Conway Morris and Robison 1988
+
†Utahcaris orion Conway Morris and Robison 1988
Invalid names: Agonata Fabricius 1775 [invalid subgroup], Aptera Linnaeus 1758 [invalid subgroup], Arachnoidea Guthörl 1934 [empty], Blattina splendens Göppert 1865 [nomen dubium], Branchiata Fitzinger 1843 [empty], Devonopilio Tihelka et al. 2020 [nomen dubium], Devonopilio hutchinsoni Tihelka et al. 2020 [nomen dubium], Dinopilio parvus Petrunkevitch 1953 [nomen dubium], Euarthropoda [synonym], Geracus Matthew 1897 [nomen dubium], Geracus tubifer Matthew 1897 [nomen dubium], Gigantopleurida Guthörl 1934 [empty], Graeophonus Scudder 1890 [nomen dubium], Kampecaris obanensis Peach 1899 [nomen dubium], Kounicia Frič 1901 [nomen dubium], Libellula carbonaria Scudder 1876 [nomen dubium], Monoculus Linnaeus 1758 [nomen oblitum], Orstenocarida Müller and Walossek 1988 [empty], Palaeophonus arctus Matthew 1895 [nomen dubium], Paratrilobita [empty], Pedestria Scopoli 1763 [invalid subgroup], Pleurolycosa Fritsch 1904 [nomen vanum], Pleurolycosa prolifera Fritsch 1899 [nomen vanum], Poliochera pustulatus Laurentiaux-Vieira and Laurentiaux 1963 [nomen dubium], Schizoramia Bergström 1976 [synonym], Skaracarida Müller and Walossek 1985 [empty], Synistata Fabricius 1775 [invalid subgroup], Unogata Fabricius 1775 [invalid subgroup], Zagoracaris von Roy 2006 [nomen nudum]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
No ecological data are available

Age range: base of the Pridoli to the top of the Kungurian or 423.00000 to 272.30000 Ma

Collections (2 total)


Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Pridoli423.0 - 419.2China (Xinjiang) Sciadophyton pristinum (10931)
Sakmarian - Kungurian293.52 - 272.3USA (Kansas) Eukaryota indet. (32659)