PBDB Taxon

Basic info	Taxonomic history	Classification	Included Taxa
Morphology	Ecology and taphonomy	External Literature Search	Age range and collections

Coleoidea

Cephalopoda

Taxonomy

Coleoidea was named by Bather (1888) [m. kosnik taxon no: 7242]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Cephalopoda by Green (1977), Squires (1984), Wells and Houston (2001), Boyle and Rodhouse (2005), Martill and Barker (2006), Nishiguchi and Mapes (2008), Fuchs et al. (2013), Fuchs and Schweigert (2018), Hoffmann et al. (2022), Pohle et al. (2022).

Subtaxa

Aulacocerida, Bactritoida, Belemnoida, Belemnoidea, Belemnomorpha, Decacera, Decembrachiata, Glochinomorpha, Jeletzkya, Loligosepiida, Neocoleoidea, Onychoteuthis, Palaeoteuthomorpha, Phragmoteuthidida, Pohlsepia, Teuthidea, Ticinoteuthis

Sister taxa

Belemnoidea

Synonyms

Dibranchiata was named by Owen (1836). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Coleoidea by Jeletzky (1966).

It was assigned to Cephalopoda by Kretzoi (1942).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1836	Dibranchiata Owen
1888	Coleoidea Bather
1942	Dibranchiata Kretzoi p. 134
1977	Coleoidea Green p. 993
1984	Coleoidea Squires p. 54
2001	Coleoidea Wells and Houston p. 129
2005	Coleoidea Boyle and Rodhouse p. 343
2006	Coleoidea Martill and Barker p. 1036
2008	Coleoidea Nishiguchi and Mapes p. 179
2013	Coleoidea Fuchs et al. p. 246
2018	Coleoidea Fuchs and Schweigert p. 207
2022	Coleoidea Hoffmann et al.
2022	Coleoidea Pohle et al. p. 21

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia

Rank	Name	Author
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca
class	Cephalopoda	Cuvier 1797
subclass	Coleoidea	Bather 1888
subclass	Coleoidea	Bather 1888

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subcl. Coleoidea Bather 1888

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Or. †Aulacocerida Stolley 1919 [belemnite]

Fm. †Aulacoceratidae von Mojsisovics 1882 [belemnite]

G. †Aulacoceras von Hauer 1847

†Aulacoceras carlottense Whiteaves 1889

†Aulacoceras inducens Braun 1841

†Aulacoceras sulcatum Hauer 1860

G. †Buelowiteuthis Jeletzky 1966

G. †Dictyoconites von Mojsisovics 1902

Subg. †Dictyoconites (Dictyoconites) von Mojsisovics 1902

†Dictyoconites (Dictyoconites) reticulatus Hauer 1847

†Dictyoconites americanus Smith 1927

†Dictyoconites brancoi von Mojsisovics 1902

†Dictyoconites dieneri von Mojsisovics 1902

†Dictyoconites haueri Mojsisovics 1871

†Dictyoconites haugi von Mojsisovics 1902

†Dictyoconites lacicus von Mojsisovics 1902

†Dictyoconites quadrilineatus von Mojsisovics 1902

†Dictyoconites ruber De Toni 1913

†Dictyoconites seminudus von Mojsisovics 1902

†Dictyoconites suessi Mojsisovics 1871

†Dictyoconites taramellii Tommasi 1899

G. †Miyagiteuthis Niko and Ehiro 2018

†Miyagiteuthis nipponica Shimizu and Mabuti 1941

G. †Aussites

G. †Austroteuthis

G. †Breviatractites

G. †Crassiatractites

Fm. †Protoaulacoceratidae Bandel et al. 1983

G. †Protoaulacoceras Bandel et al. 1983

†Protoaulacoceras longirostris Bandel et al. 1983

Superor. †Bactritoida Shimanskiy 1951

Or. †Bactritida Shimanskiy 1951

Fm. †Bactritidae Hyatt 1884

G. †Bactritella Shimanskiy 1996

†Bactritella pamirica Shimanskiy 1996

G. †Bactrites Sandberger 1843

†Bactrites bolorensis Shimanskiy 1993

†Bactrites carbonarius Smith 1903

†Bactrites elcapitanensis Mapes 1979

†Bactrites gaitherensis Gordon 1964

†Bactrites gracile Blumenbach 1803

†Bactrites mexicanus Miller 1944

†Bactrites mirificus Shimanskiy 1993

†Bactrites pandanifoliolus Berry 1924

†Bactrites redactus Gordon 1964

†Bactrites sempiternus Shimanskiy 1954

†Bactrites smithianus Girty 1909

†Bactrites steinhaueri Sowerby 1814

†Bactrites subconicus Sandberger 1843

†Bactrites ultuganensis Shimanskiy 1954

G. †Chuvashovia Doguzhaeva 2002

†Chuvashovia curvata Doguzhaeva 2002

G. †Ctenobactrites Shimanskiy 1951

Subg. †Ctenobactrites (Ctenobactrites) Shimanskiy 1951

Subg. †Ctenobactrites (Mirites) Shimanskiy 1962

†Ctenobactrites costatus Shimanskiy 1951

†Ctenobactrites lesliensis Mapes 1979

†Ctenobactrites mirus Shimanskiy 1954

†Ctenobactrites obliquesulcatus Gemmellaro 1889

†Ctenobactrites shindensis Shimanskiy 1993

G. †Cyrtobactrites Erben 1960

G. †Devonobactrites Shimanskiy 1962

†Devonobactrites emsiense Kröger 2008

†Devonobactrites obliquiseptatum Sandberger and Sandberger 1852

G. †Dillerites Gordon 1966

†Dillerites shastensis Gordon 1966

G. †Hemibactrites Shimanskiy 1954

†Hemibactrites adrianense Gemmellaro 1889

†Hemibactrites ellipsoidalis Shimanskiy 1954

†Hemibactrites primus Shimanskiy 1954

G. †Linibactrites Doguzhaeva 2002

†Linibactrites solidus Doguzhaeva 2002

G. †Lobobactrites Schindewolf 1932

†Lobobactrites ellipticus Frech 1897

G. †Ovobactrites Doguzhaeva 2002

†Ovobactrites antonovae Doguzhaeva 2002

G. †Planibactrites Becker 1993

†Planibactrites trigoniferus Becker 1993

G. †Pseudobactrites Ferronniére 1921

G. †Sicilioceras Shimanskiy 1954

†Sicilioceras paternoi Gemmellaro 1889

G. †Simobactrites Doguzhaeva 2002

†Simobactrites kuzinae Doguzhaeva 2002

G. †Uralobactrites Doguzhaeva 2002

†Uralobactrites uralicus Doguzhaeva 2002

G. †Cochleiferoceras Shimanskiy 1962

G. †Cyclobactrites Shimanskiy 1955

Fm. †Parabactritidae Shimanskiy 1948

G. †Aktastioceras Shimanskiy 1948

†Aktastioceras kruglovi Shimanskiy 1948

†Aktastioceras mapesi Shimanskiy 1993

†Aktastioceras nishikawai Niko et al. 1993

G. †Belemnitomimus Shimanskiy 1954

†Belemnitomimus palaeozoicus Shimanskiy 1954

G. †Microbactrites Shimanskiy 1954

†Microbactrites parvus Shimanskiy 1954

†Microbactrites scorobogatovae Shimanskiy 1948

G. †Parabactrites Shimanskiy 1948

†Parabactrites ruzhencevi Shimanskiy 1948

G. †Tabantaloceras Shimanskiy 1954

†Tabantaloceras planum Shimanskiy 1954

Superfm. †Belemnoidea Hyatt 1884 [belemnite]

Invalid names: Auleracida [empty]

Superor. Decembrachiata Winckworth 1932

Subor. Teuthina Naef 1916

Fm. †Eoteuthoidae Košťák 2003

G. †Eoteuthoides Košťák 2002

†Eoteuthoides caudata Fritsch 1910

G. †Glochinomorpha Gordon 1971

†Glochinomorpha stifeli Gordon 1971

G. †Jeletzkya Johnson and Richardson 1968

†Jeletzkya douglassae Johnson and Richardson 1968

Or. †Loligosepiida Jeletzky 1965

Fm. †Geopeltididae Regteren Altena 1949

G. †Geopeltis van Regteren Altena 1949

Invalid names: Geoteuthis Naef 1921 [replaced]

Invalid names: Geoteuthidae Naef 1921 [replaced]

Fm. †Leptoteuthididae Naef 1921

G. †Leptoteuthis

Fm. †Loligosepiidae Regteren Altena 1949

G. †Loliginites Quenstedt 1849

G. †Loligosepia Quenstedt 1839

†Loligosepia bucklandi Voltz 1840

Invalid names: Belopeltis acuminatus Voltz 1840 [synonym]

†Loligosepia neidernachensis Reitner 1978

Invalid names: Belopeltis Voltz 1840 [synonym], Geoteuthis Munster 1843 [synonym], Palaeosepia Theodori 1844 [synonym]

G. †Neololigosepia Reitner and Engeser 1982

†Neololigosepia stahleckeri Reitner and Engeser 1982

G. †Parabelopeltis Naef 1921

Invalid names: Belopeltidae Naef 1921 [replaced]

Fm. †Mastigophoridae Engeser and Reitner 1985

G. †Mastigophora Owen 1856

†Mastigophora stuehmeri Engeser and Reitner 1985

G. †Simoniteuthis Fuchs et al. 2024

†Simoniteuthis michaelyi Fuchs et al. 2024

Invalid names: Necroteuthididae Kretzoi 1942 [empty]

Unr. †Neocoleoidea

Or. †Aulacoceratida Stolley 1919 [belemnite]

Fm. †Chitinoteuthididae Muller-Stoll 1936

G. †Chitinoteuthis

Fm. †Palaeobelemnopsidae Chen 1982 [belemnite]

G. †Palaeobelemnopsis Chen 1982

†Palaeobelemnopsis minor Chen 1982

†Palaeobelemnopsis sinensis Chen 1982

Fm. †Xiphoteuthididae Naef 1922 [belemnite]

G. †Atractites Guembel 1861

†Atractites alveolaris Quenstedt 1845

†Atractites ausseeanus Mojsisovics 1871

Invalid names: Orthoceras alveolare von Hauer 1847 [synonym]

†Atractites bacchilidis Tommasi 1899

†Atractites bithynicus Arthaber 1915

†Atractites boeckhi Stuerzenbaum 1876

†Atractites clavatulus Smith 1914

†Atractites conicus Mojsisovics 1871

†Atractites elegans Smith 1914

†Atractites ladinus Salomon 1895

†Atractites mallyi Toula 1896

†Atractites meneghinii Salomon 1895

†Atractites obeliscus Mojsisovics 1869

†Atractites otapiriensis Hector 1878

†Atractites secundus Mojsisovics 1869

†Atractites smithii Diener 1907

†Atractites solidus Smith 1914

†Atractites subrotundus Salomon 1895

†Atractites subundatus Münster 1841

Invalid names: Ausseites Flower 1944 [synonym], Xiphoteuthis Huxley 1864 [synonym]

G. †Calliconites

†Calliconites drakei Smith 1927

Invalid names: Choanoteuthis antimonioensis Miller 1961 [synonym]

†Calliconites milleri Doyle 1994

†Calliconites nevadensis Meek 1877

Invalid names: Atractites burckhardti Smith 1914 [synonym]

†Calliconites shimizui Niko and Ehiro 2018

G. †Choanoteuthis Fischer 1951

†Choanoteuthis hatai Bando 1963

G. †Metabelemnites

†Metabelemnites philippii Hyatt and Smith 1905

Invalid names: Belemnococeras Popov 1964 [synonym]

G. †Zugmontites

Invalid names: Atractitidae Jeletzky 1965 [synonym]

Superor. Decabrachia Haeckel 1866

Or. †Belemnitida Haeckel 1866 [belemnite]

G. †Arcobelus

G. †Aulacoteuthis

†Aulacoteuthis wyntoonium Anderson 1938

G. †Bayanoteuthis

G. †Belemnella

G. †Belemnellocamax

G. †Belemnitina

Subor. †Belemnitina Zittel 1895 [belemnite]

Fm. †Belemnitidae d'Orbigny 1845

Fm. †Cylindroteuthididae Stolley 1919 [belemnite]

G. †Eocylindroteuthis Riegraf 1980

Fm. †Hastitidae Naef 1922 [belemnite]

Fm. †Megateuthididae Sachs and Nalnjaeva 1967

Fm. †Nipponoteuthidae Iba et al. 2014

Fm. †Passaloteuthididae Naef 1922 [belemnite]

Fm. †Salpingoteuthididae Doyle 1992 [belemnite]

Invalid names: Belemnoteuthidae Zittel 1885 [empty], Oxyteuthididae Stolley 1919 [empty]

G. †Belemnocamax

Subor. †Belemnopseina Jeletzky 1965 [belemnite]

Fm. †Belemnitellidae Pavlov 1914 [belemnite]

Fm. †Belemnopseidae Naef 1922

Fm. †Dicoelitidae Saks and Nal'nyaeva 1967 [belemnite]

Fm. †Dimitobelidae Whitehouse 1924 [belemnite]

Invalid names: Pseudodicoelitidae Saks and Nal'nyaeva 1967 [empty]

Subor. †Belemnotheutididina Stolley 1919 [belemnite]

Invalid names: Belemnotheutididae Zittel 1885 [empty]

Subor. †Belemnotheutina Stolley 1919 [belemnite]

Fm. †Belemnotheutidae Zittel 1884 [belemnite]

Fm. †Sueviteuthidae Reitner and Engeser 1980

G. †Belospirula

G. †Brachybelus

G. †Brevibelus

†Brevibelus breviformis Voltz 1830

G. †Coeloteuthis

G. †Conobelus Stolley 1919

†Conobelus pseudoheres Lukeneder 2005

G. †Eobelemnites Flower 1945

G. †Fusiteuthis

G. †Gastrobelus

G. †Gonioteuthis

G. †Holcobelus

†Holcobelus munieri Eudes-Deslongchamps 1878

G. †Homaloteuthis

G. †Lenobelus

G. †Mesoteuthis

G. †Neobelemnella

G. †Oxyteuthis

Subor. †Pachybelemnopseina Riegraf 1998

Fm. †Duvaliidae Pavlow 1914 [belemnite]

Fm. †Mesohibolitidae Nerodenko 1983

G. †Pachyduvalia

G. †Pachyteuthis Bayle 1878

†Pachyteuthis abbreviatus Miller 1826

†Pachyteuthis excentralis Young and Bird 1828

†Pachyteuthis souichii d'Orbigny 1843

†Pachyteuthis troslayana d'Orbigny 1850

G. †Parahastites

G. †Parahibolites

G. †Patagonibelus

G. †Peratobelus

†Peratobelus sellheimi Tenison Wood 1902

G. †Praeoxyteuthis

G. †Pseudodicoelites

G. †Raphibelus

G. †Rhopaloteuthis

†Rhopaloteuthis aenigmatica d'Orbigny 1843

†Rhopaloteuthis bzoviensis Zeuschner 1869

†Rhopaloteuthis sauvanausa d'Orbigny 1843

G. †Sachsibelus

G. †Simobelus

G. †Simpsonibelus

Fm. †Sinobelemnitidae Bian and Zhu 1984

G. †Sinobelemnites

G. †Tohokubelus Niko and Ehiro 2022

G. †Somalibelus

G. †Volgobelus

G. †Youngibelus

Or. †Diplobelida Jeletzky 1965 [belemnite]

Fm. †Chondroteuthidae Jeletzky 1965

G. †Chondroteuthis Bode 1933 [belemnite]

G. †Clarkeiteuthis Fuchs et al. 2013

Fm. †Diplobelidae Naef 1926

G. †Chalalabelus Jeletzky 1981

G. †Conoteuthis

G. †Diplobelus

G. †Pavloviteuthis

G. †Quiricobelus

G. †Tauriconites

G. †Vectibelus Jeletzky 1981

G. †Longibelus Fuchs et al. 2013

†Longibelus kabanovi Doguzhaeva 1996

†Longibelus matsumotoi Hirano 1991

Or. Myopsida d'Orbigny 1841

Fm. Loliginidae d'Orbigny 1841

G. Loligo Schneider 1784

Or. Oegopsida d'Orbigny 1845

G. †Yezoteuthis Tanabe et al. 2006

†Yezoteuthis giganteus Tanabe et al. 2006

Invalid names: Ancistrocheiridae Pfeffer 1912 [empty], Architeuthidae Pfeffer 1900 [empty], Bathyteuthidae Pfeffer 1912 [empty], Batoteuthidae Young and Roper 1968 [empty], Brachioteuthidae Pfeffer 1908 [empty], Chiroteuthidae Gray 1849 [empty], Chtenopterygidae Grimpe 1922 [empty], Cranchiidae Gray 1849 [empty], Cycloteuthidae Naef 1923 [empty], Enoploteuthidae Chun 1910 [empty], Gonatidae Hoyle 1886 [empty], Histioteuthidae Verril 1881 [empty], Jobiniteuthidae Naef 1922 [empty], Lepidoteuthidae Pfeffer 1912 [empty], Lycoteuthidae [empty], Magnapinnidae Vecchione and Young 1998 [empty], Mastigoteuthidae Verrill 1881 [empty], Neotheuthidae Naef 1921 [empty], Octopoteuthidae Berry 1912 [empty], Ommastrephidae Steenstrup 1857 [empty], Onychoteuthidae Gray 1849 [empty], Promachoteuthidae Naef 1912 [empty], Pyroteuthidae Pfeffer 1912 [empty], Thysanoteuthidae Kefferstein 1866 [empty], Walvisteuthidae Nlesis and Nikitina 1986 [empty]

Or. Sepiida Zittel 1895 [cuttlefish]

G. †Adygeya Dogushaeva 1996

G. †Amerirostra Jeletzky 1969

Fm. †Belosaepiidae Dixon 1850

G. †Aegyptosaepia Košťák et al. 2013

Fm. †Belosepiellidae Naef 1921

G. †Belosepiella Alessandri 1905

Fm. †Belosepiidae Dixon 1850

G. †Belosepia Bronn 1838

Invalid names: Stenosepia Vincent 1901 [synonym]

G. †Pseudosepia Naef 1923

G. †Notosepia Chapman 1915

†Notosepia cliftonensis Chapman 1915

Fm. Sepiidae Keferstein 1866 [cuttlefish]

Subfm. Sepiinae Keerstein 1866

Invalid names: Chondrophoridae Fischer [empty], Idiosepiidae Fischer 1887 [empty], Sepiadariidae Naef 1921 [empty], Sepiolidae Keferstein 1866 [empty]

Or. Spirulida Stolley 1919

Fm. †Belemnoseidae Wiltshire 1869

G. †Belemnosella Naef 1922

G. †Belemnosis Edwards 1849

G. †Spirulirostrella Naef 1921

Fm. †Belopteridae Naef 1922

G. †Belocurta Avnimelech 1956

G. †Beloptera de Blainville 1827

G. †Belopteridium Naef 1921

G. †Belopterina Munier-Chalmas 1872

Subfm. Belopterinae Naef 1922

Fm. †Groenlandibelidae Jeletzky 1966

G. †Cyrtobelus Fuchs et al. 2012

G. †Groenlandibelus Jeletzky 1966

G. †Naefia Wetzel 1930

Fm. Spirulidae Orbigny 1826

G. Spirula Lamarck 1799 [ram's horn shell]

Fm. †Spirulirostridae Naef 1921

G. †Spirulirostra d'Orbigny 1842

G. †Spirulirostridium Naef 1922

Invalid names: Belemnosinae Wiltshire 1869 [empty], Spirulirostrinae Naef 1921 [empty]

Fm. †Spirulirostrinidae Naef 1921

G. †Spirulirostrina Canavari 1892

Fm. †Vasseuriidae Naef 1921

G. †Styracoteuthis Crick 1905

G. †Vasseuria Munier-Chalmas 1880

Invalid names: Sepiolida Fiorini 1981 [empty], Teuthida Naef 1916 [invalid subgroup]

Or. †Donovaniconida Doguzhaeva et al. 2002

Fm. †Donovaniconidae Doguzhaeva et al. 2002

G. †Donovaniconus Doguzhaeva et al. 2002

†Donovaniconus oklahomensis Doguzhaeva et al. 2002

G. †Saundersites Doguzhaeva et al. 2008

Fm. †Rhiphaeoteuthidae Doguzhaeva 2002

G. †Rhiphaeoteuthis Doguzhaeva 2002

Invalid names: Gordoniconidae Mapes et al. 2010 [empty]

Or. †Hematitida Doguzhaeva et al. 2002

Fm. †Hematitidae Gustomesov 1976

G. †Bactritimimus Flower and Gordon 1959

†Bactritimimus girtyi Flower and Gordon 1959

†Bactritimimus ulrichi Flower and Gordon 1959

G. †Hematites Flower and Gordon 1959

†Hematites barbarae Flower and Gordon 1959

†Hematites burbankensis Flower and Gordon 1959

G. †Paleoconus Flower and Gordon 1959

†Paleoconus bakeri Flower and Gordon 1959

G. †Mojsisovicsteuthis Jeletzky 1966

†Mojsisovicsteuthis boeckhi Stuerzenbaum 1876

†Mojsisovicsteuthis convergens Hauer 1847

†Mojsisovicsteuthis ellipticus Mojsisovics 1871

Superor. Octobrachia Fiorini 1981

Or. Cirroctopodida Young 1989

G. †Paleocirroteuthis Tanabe 2008

†Paleocirroteuthis haggarti Tanabe 2008

†Paleocirroteuthis pacifica Tanabe 2008

Or. Octopoda Leach 1818 [octopus]

Subor. Cirrata Grimpe 1917

Invalid names: Cirroteuthidae Kefferstein 1866 [empty], Opisthoteuthidae Verrill 1896 [empty]

Subor. Incirrata Grimpe 1917

Superfm. Argonautoidea Cantraine 1841

Subor. Incirrina Grimpe 1916

Invalid names: Alloposidae Verrill 1881 [empty], Amphitretidae Hoyle 1886 [empty], Bolitaenidae Chun 1911 [empty], Idioctopodidae Taki 1962 [empty], Ocythoidae Gray 1849 [empty], Tremoctopodidae Tryon 1879 [empty], Vitreledonellidae Robson 1932 [empty]

G. †Kapal Martin 1930

Fm. Octopodidae d'Orbigny 1840

G. †Bolcaoctopus Mironenko et al. 2024

G. †Styletoctopus Fuchs et al. 2009

Fm. †Palaeoctopodidae Dollo 1912

G. †Keuppia Fuchs et al. 2009

G. †Palaeoctopus Woodward 1896

Invalid names: Calais Woodward 1896 [replaced], Parateudopsis Engeser and Reitner 1986 [synonym]

G. †Proteroctopus Fischer and Riou 1982

Subor. †Teudopseina Storabogatov 1983

Superfm. †Muensterelloidea Roger 1952

Fm. †Palaeololiginidae Naef 1922

Fm. †Teudopsidae Regteren Altena 1949

Invalid names: Beloteuthidae Naef 1921 [synonym]

Fm. †Trachyteuthididae Naef 1922

Invalid names: Kalaenidae Naef 1921 [empty]

Invalid names: Cirrina Grimpe 1916 [empty], Octobrachiata Winchworth 1932 [empty], Octopia Gray 1849 [empty]

Subor. †Prototeuthina Naef 1921

Fm. †Lioteuthididae Naef 1922

G. †Lioteuthis Naef 1921

Fm. †Plesioteuthidae Naef 1921

G. †Boreopeltis Engeser and Reitner 1985

G. †Dorateuthis Woodward 1883

G. †Eromangateuthis Fuchs 2019

G. †Maioteuthis Reitner and Engeser 1982

G. †Paraplesioteuthis

G. †Plesioteuthis

G. †Styloteuthis Fritsch 1910

Or. Vampyromorpha Robson 1929 [vampire squids]

Fm. †Actinosepiidae Doyle et al. 1994

G. †Actinosepia Whiteaves 1897

G. †Nanaimoteuthis Tanabe 2008

†Nanaimoteuthis jeletzkyi Tanabe 2008

†Nanaimoteuthis yokotai Tanabe and Hikida 2010

G. †Vampyronassa Fischer and Riou 2002

†Vampyronassa rhodanica Fischer and Riou 2002

Fm. †Vampyroteuthidae Thiele 1915

G. †Necroteuthis Kretzoi 1942

G. Vampyroteuthis Chun 1903

Vampyroteuthis infernalis Chun 1903

Invalid names: Kelaenina Starobogatov 1983 [empty]

Or. †Phragmoteuthida Jeletzky 1965 [belemnite]

G. †Breviconoteuthis Rieber 1973

†Breviconoteuthis breviconus Reis 1907

Fm. †Phragmoteuthididae von Mojsisovics 1882

G. †Permoteuthis Rosenkrantz 1946

†Permoteuthis groenlandica Rosenkrantz 1946

G. †Phragmoteuthis von Mojsisovics 1882

†Phragmoteuthis bisinuata Bronn 1859

†Phragmoteuthis ticinensis Rieber 1970

Superor. Vampyropoda von Boletzky 1992

G. †Gordoniconus Mapes et al. 2010

†Gordoniconus beargulchensis Mapes et al. 2010

Invalid names: Syllipsimopodi bideni Whalen and Landman 2022 [synonym]

†Gordoniconus hewitti Mapes et al. 2010

Invalid names: Syllipsimopodi Whalen and Landman 2022 [synonym]

G. Onychoteuthis Lichtenstein 1818

Superor. †Palaeoteuthomorpha Bandel et al. 1983

Or. †Boletzkyida Bandel et al. 1983

Fm. †Boletzkyidae Bandel et al. 1983

G. †Boletzkya Bandel et al. 1983

†Boletzkya hunsrueckensis Bandel et al. 1983

†Boletzkya longa Bandel et al. 1983

Fm. †Naefiteuthididae Bandel et al. 1983

G. †Naefiteuthis Bandel et al. 1983

†Naefiteuthis breviphragmoconus Bandel et al. 1983

G. †Pohlsepia Kluessendorf and Doyle 2003

†Pohlsepia mazonensis Kluessendorf and Doyle 2003

Or. †Teuthidea Naef 1916

Invalid names: Mesoteuthina Naef 1921 [empty]

G. †Ticinoteuthis Pohle and Klug 2024

†Ticinoteuthis chuchichaeschtli Pohle and Klug 2024

Invalid names: Belemnoida Gray 1849 [empty], Belemnomorpha Reitner and Engeser 1982 [empty], Dibranchiata Owen 1836 [synonym], Phragmoteuthidida Mojsisovics 1882 [empty]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available

Measurements

No measurements are available

Composition:

aragonitec

Environment:

marinec

Locomotion:

fast-movingc

Life habit:

nektonicc

Diet:

carnivorec

Vision:

well-developedc

Created:

2004-02-28 11:51:48

Modified:

2023-08-18 17:28:37

Source: c = class

Reference: Kiessling 2004

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Lochkovian to the top of the Late/Upper Pleistocene or 419.62000 to 0.01170 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 413.02 Ma

Collections (2056 total)

Time interval	Ma	Country or state	Original ID and collection number
Oldest occurrences
Paleozoic	538.8 - 251.902	USA (Alaska)	Belemnites sp. (112515) Belemnitida indet. (112453 112530)
Lochkovian	419.62 - 413.02	Australia (New South Wales)	Bactrites sp. (25705)
Lochkovian - Pragian	419.62 - 410.62	Vietnam	Bactrites arciculum (83318)
Early/Lower Devonian	419.62 - 393.47	Czechia (Barrandia)	Pseudobactrites bicarinatus (12183)
Early/Lower Devonian	419.62 - 393.47	Canada (Ontario)	Bactrites sp. (40058)
Early/Lower Devonian - Eifelian	419.62 - 387.95	Czechia	Pseudobactrites bicarinatus (12148)
Early/Lower Devonian - Middle Devonian	419.62 - 382.31	Germany (Hesse)	Bactrites sp., Bactrites gracile (215812)
Pragian	413.02 - 410.62	Morocco	Bactrites sp. (91724)
Pragian - Middle Givetian	413.02 - 383.4	Morocco	Devonobactrites obliquiseptatus, Devonobactrites emsiensis, Lobobactrites ellipticus (208110)
Early/Lower Emsian	410.62 - 399.5	Czechia	Pseudobactrites bicarinatus (12147)
Early/Lower Emsian	410.62 - 399.5	Germany (Gemuenden)	Naefiteuthis sp., Naefiteuthis breviphragmoconus, Boletzkya sp., Protoaulacoceras sp. (26903)
Early/Lower Emsian	410.62 - 399.5	Morocco	Cyrtobactrites scheffoldi (150508) Devonobactrites obliquiseptatus (150334 150362 150363)
Early/Lower Emsian	410.62 - 399.5	Germany	Cyrtobactrites sp. (26904)
Daleje	410.62 - 393.47	Morocco	Devonobactrites emsiense (92075)
Emsian	410.62 - 393.47	Canada (Nunavut)	Lobobactrites ellipticus (170992)
Emsian	410.62 - 393.47	South Africa	Cyrtobactrites sp. (a), Bactrites sp. (a) (35578)
Zlichovian	410.62 - 393.47	Morocco	Devonobactrites emsiense (91749) Devonobactrites sp. (91747) Devonobactrites sp., Devonobactrites obliquiseptatum (91746)
Zlichovian	410.62 - 393.47	Czechia	Bactritida indet., Pseudobactrites indet. (10467)
Zlichovian	410.62 - 393.47	Czechia (Barrandia)	Pseudobactrites bicarinatus (12112 12143)
Emsian - Eifelian	410.62 - 387.95	Canada (Ontario)	Bactrites sp. (40039)