PBDB Taxon

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Coleoidea

Cephalopoda

Taxonomy

Coleoidea was named by Bather (1888) [m. kosnik taxon no: 7242]. It is extant.

It was assigned to Cephalopoda by Green (1977), Squires (1984), Wells and Houston (2001), Boyle and Rodhouse (2005), Martill and Barker (2006), Nishiguchi and Mapes (2008), Fuchs et al. (2013), Fuchs and Schweigert (2018) and Pohle et al. (2022).

Subtaxa

Aulacocerida, Belemnoida, Belemnoidea, Belemnomorpha, Decabrachia, Decacera, Decembrachiata, Diplobelida, Glochinomorpha, Jeletzkya, Loligosepiida, Neocoleoidea, Onychoteuthis, Palaeoteuthomorpha, Phragmoteuthidida, Pohlsepia, Teuthidea, Ticinoteuthis

Sister taxa

Belemnoidea

Synonyms

Dibranchiata was named by Owen (1836). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Coleoidea by Jeletzky (1966).

It was assigned to Cephalopoda by Kretzoi (1942).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1836	Dibranchiata Owen
1888	Coleoidea Bather
1942	Dibranchiata Kretzoi p. 134
1977	Coleoidea Green p. 993
1984	Coleoidea Squires p. 54
2001	Coleoidea Wells and Houston p. 129
2005	Coleoidea Boyle and Rodhouse p. 343
2006	Coleoidea Martill and Barker p. 1036
2008	Coleoidea Nishiguchi and Mapes p. 179
2013	Coleoidea Fuchs et al. p. 246
2018	Coleoidea Fuchs and Schweigert p. 207
2022	Coleoidea Pohle et al. p. 21

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Protostomia
—	Spiralia

Rank	Name	Author
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca
class	Cephalopoda	Cuvier 1797
subclass	Coleoidea	Bather 1888
subclass	Coleoidea	Bather 1888

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subcl. Coleoidea Bather 1888

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Or. †Aulacocerida Stolley 1919 [belemnite]

Fm. †Aulacoceratidae von Mojsisovics 1882 [belemnite]

G. †Aulacoceras von Hauer 1847

†Aulacoceras carlottense Whiteaves 1889

†Aulacoceras inducens Braun 1841

†Aulacoceras sulcatum Hauer 1860

Invalid names: Belemnites otapiriensis Hector 1878 [nomen dubium]

G. †Buelowiteuthis Jeletzky 1966

G. †Dictyoconites von Mojsisovics 1902

Subg. †Dictyoconites (Dictyoconites) von Mojsisovics 1902

†Dictyoconites (Dictyoconites) reticulatus Hauer 1847

†Dictyoconites americanus Smith 1927

†Dictyoconites brancoi von Mojsisovics 1902

†Dictyoconites dieneri von Mojsisovics 1902

†Dictyoconites haueri Mojsisovics 1871

†Dictyoconites haugi von Mojsisovics 1902

†Dictyoconites lacicus von Mojsisovics 1902

†Dictyoconites quadrilineatus von Mojsisovics 1902

†Dictyoconites ruber De Toni 1913

†Dictyoconites seminudus von Mojsisovics 1902

†Dictyoconites suessi Mojsisovics 1871

†Dictyoconites taramellii Tommasi 1899

G. †Aussites

G. †Austroteuthis

G. †Breviatractites

G. †Crassiatractites

Fm. †Protoaulacoceratidae Bandel et al. 1983

G. †Protoaulacoceras Bandel et al. 1983

†Protoaulacoceras longirostris Bandel et al. 1983

Superor. †Belemnoida Gray 1849 [belemnite]

Or. †Donovaniconida Doguzhaeva et al. 2002

Fm. †Donovaniconidae Doguzhaeva et al. 2002

G. †Donovaniconus Doguzhaeva et al. 2002

†Donovaniconus oklahomensis Doguzhaeva et al. 2002

G. †Saundersites Doguzhaeva et al. 2008

Fm. †Rhiphaeoteuthidae Doguzhaeva 2002

G. †Rhiphaeoteuthis Doguzhaeva 2002

Invalid names: Gordoniconidae Mapes et al. 2010 [empty]

Or. †Hematitida Doguzhaeva et al. 2002

Fm. †Hematitidae Gustomesov 1976

G. †Bactritimimus Flower and Gordon 1959

†Bactritimimus girtyi Flower and Gordon 1959

†Bactritimimus ulrichi Flower and Gordon 1959

G. †Hematites Flower and Gordon 1959

†Hematites barbarae Flower and Gordon 1959

†Hematites burbankensis Flower and Gordon 1959

G. †Paleoconus Flower and Gordon 1959

†Paleoconus bakeri Flower and Gordon 1959

Superfm. †Belemnoidea Hyatt 1884 [belemnite]

Or. †Aulacoceratida Stolley 1919 [belemnite]

Fm. †Chitinoteuthididae Muller-Stoll 1936

G. †Chitinoteuthis

Fm. †Palaeobelemnopsidae Chen 1982 [belemnite]

G. †Palaeobelemnopsis Chen 1982

†Palaeobelemnopsis minor Chen 1982

†Palaeobelemnopsis sinensis Chen 1982

Fm. †Xiphoteuthididae Naef 1922 [belemnite]

G. †Atractites Guembel 1861

†Atractites alveolaris Quenstedt 1845

†Atractites ausseeanus Mojsisovics 1871

Invalid names: Orthoceras alveolare von Hauer 1847 [synonym]

†Atractites bacchilidis Tommasi 1899

†Atractites bithynicus Arthaber 1915

†Atractites boeckhi Stuerzenbaum 1876

†Atractites clavatulus Smith 1914

†Atractites conicus Mojsisovics 1871

†Atractites elegans Smith 1914

†Atractites ladinus Salomon 1895

†Atractites mallyi Toula 1896

†Atractites meneghinii Salomon 1895

†Atractites obeliscus Mojsisovics 1869

†Atractites secundus Mojsisovics 1869

†Atractites smithii Diener 1907

†Atractites solidus Smith 1914

†Atractites subrotundus Salomon 1895

†Atractites subundatus Münster 1841

Invalid names: Ausseites Flower 1944 [synonym], Choanoteuthis Fischer 1951 [synonym], Xiphoteuthis Huxley 1864 [synonym]

G. †Calliconites

†Calliconites drakei Smith 1927

Invalid names: Choanoteuthis antimonioensis Miller 1961 [synonym]

†Calliconites milleri Doyle 1994

†Calliconites nevadensis Meek 1877

Invalid names: Atractites burckhardti Smith 1914 [synonym]

G. †Metabelemnites

†Metabelemnites philippii Hyatt and Smith 1905

Invalid names: Belemnococeras Popov 1964 [synonym]

G. †Zugmontites

Invalid names: Atractitidae Jeletzky 1965 [synonym]

Or. †Belemnitida Zittel 1895 [belemnite]

G. †Arcobelus

G. †Aulacoteuthis

†Aulacoteuthis wyntoonium Anderson 1938

G. †Bayanoteuthis

G. †Belemnella

G. †Belemnellocamax

Subor. †Belemnitina Zittel 1895 [belemnite]

Fm. †Belemnitidae d'Orbigny 1845

G. †Acroteuthis Stolley 1911

G. †Actinoconites Steinmann 1910

Subfm. †Belemnitinae d'Orbigny 1845

Subfm. †Cylindroteuthinae Naef 1922

Fm. †Cylindroteuthididae Stolley 1919 [belemnite]

G. †Boreioteuthis Saks and Nalnyaeva 1966

Subfm. †Lagonibelinae Gustomesov 1977

G. †Eocylindroteuthis Riegraf 1980

†Eocylindroteuthis yokoyamai Iba et al. 2014

Fm. †Hastitidae Naef 1922 [belemnite]

G. †Bairstowius Jeletzky 1994

G. †Hastites Meyer-Eymar 1883

Invalid names: Rhopalobelus Pavlov 1914 [synonym]

G. †Hungarosepia Doyle et al. 1994

Invalid names: Archaeosepia [replaced]

G. †Pleurobelus

G. †Rhabdobelus

G. †Subhastites Gustomesov 1977

Fm. †Megateuthididae Sachs and Nalnjaeva 1967

G. †Acrocoelites

G. †Chuvashiteuthis Ippolitov et al. 2017

G. †Cuspiteuthis Abel 1916

G. †Dactyloteuthis

G. †Megateuthis Bayle 1878

G. †Paramegateuthis Gustomesov 1960

Fm. †Nipponoteuthidae Iba et al. 2014

G. †Nipponoteuthis Iba et al. 2014

Fm. †Passaloteuthididae Naef 1922 [belemnite]

G. †Angeloteuthis Lang 1928

G. †Clastoteuthis Lang 1928

G. †Parapassaloteuthis

G. †Passaloteuthis

G. †Pseudohastites

G. †Schwegleria Riegraf 1980

Fm. †Salpingoteuthididae Doyle 1992 [belemnite]

G. †Salpingoteuthis

Invalid names: Belemnoteuthidae Zittel 1885 [empty], Oxyteuthididae Stolley 1919 [empty]

G. †Belemnitina

G. †Belemnocamax

Subor. †Belemnopseina Jeletzky 1965 [belemnite]

Fm. †Belemnitellidae Pavlov 1914 [belemnite]

G. †Actinocamax Miller 1823

G. †Belemnitella d'Orbigny 1840

G. †Praeactinocamax Naidin 1964

Fm. †Belemnopseidae Naef 1922

G. †Belemnopsis Bayle 1878

G. †Hibolites Mayer-Eymar 1883

G. †Neohibolites Stolley 1911

Fm. †Dicoelitidae Saks and Nal'nyaeva 1967 [belemnite]

G. †Conodicoelites Stevens 1964

G. †Dicoelites Boehm 1906

Fm. †Dimitobelidae Whitehouse 1924 [belemnite]

G. †Dimitobelus Whitehouse 1925

Invalid names: Cheirobelus Whitehouse 1924 [synonym]

Invalid names: Pseudodicoelitidae Saks and Nal'nyaeva 1967 [empty]

Subor. †Belemnotheutididina Stolley 1919 [belemnite]

Invalid names: Belemnotheutididae Zittel 1885 [empty]

Subor. †Belemnotheutina Stolley 1919 [belemnite]

Fm. †Belemnotheutidae Zittel 1884 [belemnite]

G. †Acanthoteuthis Wagner in Munster 1839

Invalid names: Belemnoteuthis Pearce 1842 [synonym], Ostracoteuthis Zittel 1884 [synonym]

G. †Antarctiteuthis Doyle and Shakides 2004 [belemnite]

Fm. †Sueviteuthidae Reitner and Engeser 1980

G. †Sueviteuthis Reitner and Engeser 1982 [belemnite]

G. †Belospirula

G. †Brachybelus

G. †Brevibelus

†Brevibelus breviformis Voltz 1830

G. †Coeloteuthis

G. †Conobelus Stolley 1919

†Conobelus pseudoheres Lukeneder 2005

G. †Eobelemnites Flower 1945

G. †Fusiteuthis

G. †Gastrobelus

G. †Gonioteuthis

G. †Holcobelus

†Holcobelus munieri Eudes-Deslongchamps 1878

G. †Homaloteuthis

G. †Lenobelus

G. †Mesoteuthis

G. †Neobelemnella

G. †Oxyteuthis

Subor. †Pachybelemnopseina Riegraf 1998

Fm. †Duvaliidae Pavlow 1914 [belemnite]

G. †Castellanibelus Combemorel 1972

G. †Duvalia Bayle 1878

G. †Produvalia Riegraf 1981

G. †Pseudobelus de Blainville 1827

Fm. †Mesohibolitidae Nerodenko 1983

G. †Conohibolites Janssen and Fozy 2005

G. †Curtohibolites

G. †Hibolithes Mayer-Eymar 1883

Invalid names: Pseudohibolites Bliithgen 1936 [synonym]

G. †Mesohibolites Stolley 1919

G. †Pachybelemnopsis Bayle 1878

G. †Vaunagites Combémorel and Gayte 1981

G. †Pachyduvalia

G. †Pachyteuthis Bayle 1878

†Pachyteuthis abbreviatus Miller 1826

†Pachyteuthis excentralis Young and Bird 1828

†Pachyteuthis souichii d'Orbigny 1843

†Pachyteuthis troslayana d'Orbigny 1850

G. †Parahastites

G. †Parahibolites

G. †Patagonibelus

G. †Peratobelus

†Peratobelus sellheimi Tenison Wood 1902

G. †Praeoxyteuthis

G. †Pseudodicoelites

G. †Raphibelus

G. †Rhopaloteuthis

†Rhopaloteuthis aenigmatica d'Orbigny 1843

†Rhopaloteuthis bzoviensis Zeuschner 1869

†Rhopaloteuthis sauvanausa d'Orbigny 1843

G. †Sachsibelus

G. †Simobelus

G. †Simpsonibelus

Fm. †Sinobelemnitidae Bian and Zhu 1984

G. †Sinobelemnites

G. †Tohokubelus Niko and Ehiro 2022

†Tohokubelus takaizumii Niko and Ehiro 2022

G. †Somalibelus

G. †Volgobelus

G. †Youngibelus

Invalid names: Auleracida [empty]

Superor. Decabrachia Boettger 1952

G. †Longibelus Fuchs et al. 2013

†Longibelus kabanovi Doguzhaeva 1996

†Longibelus matsumotoi Hirano 1991

Or. Myopsida d'Orbigny 1841

Fm. Loliginidae d'Orbigny 1841

G. Loligo Schneider 1784

Or. Sepiida Zittel 1895 [cuttlefish]

G. †Adygeya Dogushaeva 1996

G. †Amerirostra Jeletzky 1969

Fm. †Belosaepiidae Dixon 1850

G. †Aegyptosaepia Košťák et al. 2013

†Aegyptosaepia lugeri Košťák et al. 2013

Fm. †Belosepiellidae Naef 1921

G. †Belosepiella Alessandri 1905

Fm. †Belosepiidae Dixon 1850

G. †Belosepia Bronn 1838

†Belosepia sepioidea Blainville 1825

Invalid names: Stenosepia Vincent 1901 [synonym]

G. †Pseudosepia Naef 1923

G. †Notosepia Chapman 1915

†Notosepia cliftonensis Chapman 1915

Fm. Sepiidae Keferstein 1866 [cuttlefish]

Subfm. Sepiinae Keerstein 1866

G. Sepia Linnaeus 1758

Invalid names: Chondrophoridae Fischer [empty], Idiosepiidae Fischer 1887 [empty], Sepiadariidae Naef 1921 [empty], Sepiolidae Keferstein 1866 [empty]

Or. Spirulida Stolley 1919

Fm. †Belemnoseidae Wiltshire 1869

G. †Belemnosella Naef 1922

G. †Belemnosis Edwards 1849

G. †Spirulirostrella Naef 1921

Fm. †Belopteridae Naef 1922

G. †Belocurta Avnimelech 1956

G. †Beloptera de Blainville 1827

†Beloptera broilii Traub 1938

G. †Belopteridium Naef 1921

G. †Belopterina Munier-Chalmas 1872

Subfm. Belopterinae Naef 1922

G. †Belopterella Naef 1922

Fm. †Groenlandibelidae Jeletzky 1966

G. †Cyrtobelus Fuchs et al. 2012

†Cyrtobelus birkelundae Fuchs et al. 2012

†Cyrtobelus hornbyense Fuchs et al. 2012

G. †Groenlandibelus Jeletzky 1966

†Groenlandibelus rosenkrantzi Birkelund 1956

G. †Naefia Wetzel 1930

†Naefia neogaeia Wetzel 1930

Fm. Spirulidae Orbigny 1826

G. Spirula Lamarck 1799 [ram's horn shell]

Fm. †Spirulirostridae Naef 1921

G. †Spirulirostra d'Orbigny 1842

†Spirulirostra curta Tate 1894

†Spirulirostra georgii Fornasiero and Vicariottio 1997

G. †Spirulirostridium Naef 1922

Invalid names: Belemnosinae Wiltshire 1869 [empty], Spirulirostrinae Naef 1921 [empty]

Fm. †Spirulirostrinidae Naef 1921

G. †Spirulirostrina Canavari 1892

Fm. †Vasseuriidae Naef 1921

G. †Styracoteuthis Crick 1905

G. †Vasseuria Munier-Chalmas 1880

Or. Teuthida Naef 1916 [squid]

G. Berryteuthis Naef 1923

G. Dosidicus Steenstrup 1857

Subor. †Glochinomorphina Gordon 1971

Invalid names: Glochinomorphidae Gordon 1971 [empty]

G. †Jeletzkyteuthis Doyle 1990

G. Moroteuthis

Subor. Myopsina d'Orbigny 1841

Invalid names: Pickfordiateuthidae Voss 1953 [empty]

Subor. Oegopsina d'Orbigny 1845

G. †Yezoteuthis Tanabe et al. 2006

†Yezoteuthis giganteus Tanabe et al. 2006

Invalid names: Ancistrocheiridae Pfeffer 1912 [empty], Architeuthidae Pfeffer 1900 [empty], Bathyteuthidae Pfeffer 1912 [empty], Batoteuthidae Young and Roper 1968 [empty], Brachioteuthidae Pfeffer 1908 [empty], Chiroteuthidae Gray 1849 [empty], Chtenopterygidae Grimpe 1922 [empty], Cranchiidae Gray 1849 [empty], Cycloteuthidae Naef 1923 [empty], Enoploteuthidae Chun 1910 [empty], Gonatidae Hoyle 1886 [empty], Histioteuthidae Verril 1881 [empty], Jobiniteuthidae Naef 1922 [empty], Lepidoteuthidae Pfeffer 1912 [empty], Lycoteuthidae [empty], Magnapinnidae Vecchione and Young 1998 [empty], Mastigoteuthidae Verrill 1881 [empty], Neotheuthidae Naef 1921 [empty], Octopoteuthidae Berry 1912 [empty], Ommastrephidae Steenstrup 1857 [empty], Onychoteuthidae Gray 1849 [empty], Promachoteuthidae Naef 1912 [empty], Pyroteuthidae Pfeffer 1912 [empty], Thysanoteuthidae Kefferstein 1866 [empty], Walvisteuthidae Nlesis and Nikitina 1986 [empty]

G. †Romaniteuthis

G. Symplectoteuthis

G. †Triadoteuthis

†Triadoteuthis parvula Müller 1967

Invalid names: Sepiolida Fiorini 1981 [empty]

Superor. Decembrachiata Winckworth 1932

Subor. Teuthina Naef 1916

Fm. †Eoteuthoidae Košťák 2003

G. †Eoteuthoides Košťák 2002

†Eoteuthoides caudata Fritsch 1910

Or. †Diplobelida Jeletzky 1965 [belemnite]

Fm. †Chondroteuthidae Jeletzky 1965