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Carnivoramorpha

Mammalia

Taxonomy
Carnivoramorpha was named by Wyss and Flynn (1993). It is extant.

It was synonymized subjectively with Carnivora by Polly et al. (2006).

It was assigned to Laurasiatheria by Wesley-Hunt and Werdelin (2005); and to Ferae by Spaulding et al. (2009).

Synonymy list
YearName and author
1993Carnivoramorpha Wyss and Flynn
2005Carnivoramorpha Wesley-Hunt and Werdelin p. 838
2009Carnivoramorpha Spaulding et al. p. 5 figs. Figure 2

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
RankNameAuthor
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Ferae()
—CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993
—CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Carnivoramorpha Wyss and Flynn 1993
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Unr. †Carnivoraformes Flynn et al.
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G. †Africtis Mattingly et al. 2020
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†Africtis sirtensis Mattingly et al. 2020
Or. Carnivora Bowdich 1821 [carnivoran]
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G. †Adracon Filhol 1884
Fm. Canidae Fischer de Waldheim 1817 [canid]
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Subfm. †Borophaginae Simpson 1945 [bone-crushing dog]
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G. †Archaeocyon Wang et al. 1999
Tr. †Borophagini Simpson 1945
G. †Borophagus Cope 1892
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Invalid names: Cynogulo [synonym], Hyaenognathus Merriam 1903 [synonym], Osteoborus Stirton and VanderHoof 1933 [synonym], Pliogulo White 1941 [synonym], Porthocyon Merriam 1903 [synonym]
G. †Otarocyon Wang et al. 1999
G. †Oxetocyon Green 1954
Tr. †Phlaocyonini Wang et al. 1999
G. †Rhizocyon Wang et al. 1999
Subfm. Caninae Gill 1872 [canine]
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G. †Aenocyon Merriam 1918
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Invalid names: Stereocyon Mercerat 1917 [synonym]
Tr. †Canini Fischer de Waldheim 1817
G. Canis Linnaeus 1758 [canine]
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Invalid names: Alopedon Hilzheimer 1906 [synonym], Dasycyon Krumbiegel 1953 [synonym], Dieba Gray 1869 [synonym], Lyciscus Hamilton-Smith 1839 [synonym], Macrocyon Kraglievich [synonym], Oreocyon Krumbiegel 1949 [synonym], Oxygous Hodgson 1841 [synonym], Pachycyon Allen 1885 [synonym], Sacalius Smith 1839 [synonym], Thos Bogachev [synonym], Vulpicanis de Blainville 1837 [synonym]
G. Chrysocyon Hamilton-Smith 1839 [maned wolf]
G. †Leptocyon Matthew 1918
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Invalid names: Neocynodesmus Macdonald 1963 [synonym]
G. Lycalopex Burmeister 1854 [South American fox]
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Invalid names: Eunothocyon Allen 1905 [synonym], Pseudalopex Burmeister 1856 [synonym]
G. Nyctereutes Temminck 1839 [raccoon dog]
G. †Protocyon Giebel 1855
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Invalid names: Pleurocyon Mercerat 1917 [synonym]
G. †Theriodictis Mercerat 1891
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Invalid names: Dinocynops Ameghino 1898 [synonym]
Tr. Vulpini Hemprich and Ehrenberg 1832
G. †Chailicyon Chow 1975
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†Chailicyon crassidens Chow 1975
G. †Cubacyon Arredondo and Varona 1974
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†Cubacyon transversidens Arredondo and Varona 1974
G. Cuon Hodgson 1838 [dhole]
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Cuon alpinus Pallas 1811 [dhole]
†Cuon bourreti Harlé 1891
†Cuon dukhunensis Sykes 1831
†Cuon majori Del Campana 1913
†Cuon priscus Thenius 1954
†Cuon sumatrensis Hardwicke 1822
Invalid names: Anurocyon Heude 1888 [synonym], Chrysaeus Smith 1839 [synonym], Crassicuon Kretzoi 1941 [synonym], Cyon Agassiz 1846 [objective synonym], Primaevus Gray 1843 [synonym], Semicuon Kretzoi 1941 [synonym]
G. †Cynotherium Studiati 1857
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†Cynotherium malatestai Madurell-Malapeira et al. 2015
†Cynotherium sardous Studiati 1857
G. Dysodus Cope 1879
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Dysodus pravus Cope 1879 [Japanese sleeve dog]
Subfm. †Hesperocyoninae Tedford 1978
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G. †Caedocyon Wang 1994
G. †Cynodesmus Scott 1893
G. †Ectopocynus Wang 1994
G. †Enhydrocyon Cope 1879
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Invalid names: Hyaenocyon Cope 1879 [synonym]
G. †Hesperocyon Scott 1890
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Invalid names: Alloeodectes Russell 1984 [synonym], Pseudocynodictis Schlosser 1902 [synonym]
G. †Mesocyon Scott 1890
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Invalid names: Hypotemnodon Eyerman 1894 [synonym]
G. †Osbornodon Wang 1994
G. †Paraenhydrocyon Wang 1994
G. †Philotrox Merriam 1906
G. †Prohesperocyon Wang 1994
G. †Sunkahetanka Macdonald 1963
G. †Hydrocyon Lartet 1851
G. †Icticyon Lund 1839
G. Lupulella Hilzheimer 1906
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Lupulella mesomelas Schreber 1775 [black-backed jackal]
†Lupulella mohibi Geraads 2011
†Lupulella paralius Geraads 2011
G. †Lupus
G. Lycaon Brookes 1827
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†Lycaon magnus Ewer and Singer 1956
Lycaon pictus Temminck 1820 [African wild dog]
†Lycaon sekowei Hartstone-Rose et al. 2010
G. †Lycorus Bourguignat 1875
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†Lycorus nemesianus Bourguignat 1875
G. †Palaeocyon Lund 1843
G. †Plesiocyon Schlosser 1887
G. Schaeffia Hilzheimer 1906
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Schaeffia adusta Sundevall 1847 [side-striped jackal]
G. Simenia Gray
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Simenia simensis Rüppell 1835 [Ethiopian wolf]
G. †Synagodus Cope 1879
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†Synagodus mansuetus Cope 1879
G. Thous Hamilton Smith 1839
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Thous fulvipes Martin 1837 [Darwin's fox]
G. Vulpes Frisch 1775 [fox]
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†Vulpes alopecoides Forsyth Major 1877
†Vulpes angustidens Thenius 1954
†Vulpes beihaiensis Qiu and Tedford 1990
Vulpes bengalensis Shaw 1800 [Bengal fox]
Vulpes cana Blanford 1877 [Blanfords fox]
Vulpes chama Smith 1833 [Cape fox]
†Vulpes chikushanensis Young 1930
Vulpes corsac Linnaeus 1768 [Corsac fox]
Vulpes ferrilata Hodgson 1842 [Tibetan fox]
†Vulpes galaticus Ginsburg 1998
Vulpes griffithi Blyth 1854
†Vulpes hassani Geraads 2011
Vulpes japonica Ognev 1823
Vulpes karagan Erxleben 1777
†Vulpes kernensis Tedford et al. 2009
Vulpes lagopus Linnaeus 1758 [Arctic fox]
Vulpes macrotis Merriam 1888 [kit fox]
†Vulpes mathisoni Geraads et al. 2015
Vulpes montana Pearson 1836
Vulpes niloticus Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1803
†Vulpes odessana Odintzov 1967
Vulpes pallida Cretzschmar 1826 [pale fox]
Vulpes pensylvanicus Boddaert 1784
†Vulpes praecorsac Kormos 1932
†Vulpes praeglacialis Kormos 1932
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Invalid names: Vulpes marinosi Sickenberg 1971 [synonym]
Vulpes pusilla Blyth 1854
†Vulpes riffautae de Bonis et al. 2007
†Vulpes rooki Bartolini Lucenti 2021
Vulpes rueppellii Schinz 1825 [Ruuppells fox]
†Vulpes sinensis Schlosser 1903
†Vulpes skinneri Hartstone-Rose et al. 2013
†Vulpes stenognathus Savage 1941
Vulpes velox Say 1823 [swift fox]
Vulpes vulgaris Oken 1816
Vulpes vulpes Linnaeus 1758 [red fox]
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Invalid names: Canis alopex Linnaeus 1758 [synonym], Canis vulpes montana Pearson 1835 [synonym], Vulpes fulva Desmarest 1829 [synonym], Vulpes palmaria Hay 1917 [synonym], Vulpes vulpes cascadensis Merriam 1900 [replaced]
Vulpes zerda Zimmermann 1780 [fennec fox]
Invalid names: Alopex Kaup 1829 [synonym], Cynalopex Smith 1839 [synonym], Fennecus Desmarest 1804 [synonym], Leucocyon Woldrich 1868 [synonym], Mamvulpesus Herrera 1899 [synonym], Megalotis Smith 1839 [synonym], Vulpis Gray 1821 [synonym], Xenalopex Kretzoi 1954 [synonym]
Invalid names: Amphicyon angustidens Marsh 1871 [nomen vanum], Otocyoninae Trouessart 1885 [empty]
Subor. Caniformia Kretzoi 1943
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Fm. †Amphicyonidae Haeckel 1886 [bear-dog]
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G. †Amphicyanis Springhorn 1977
Subfm. †Amphicyoninae Trouessart 1885
G. †Angelarctocyon Tomiya and Tseng 2016
G. †Arctamphicyon Pilgrim 1932
G. †Aymardia Trouessart 1904
G. †Bonisicyon Werdelin 2009
G. †Brachycyon Filhol 1872
G. †Cynodictis Bravard and Pomel 1850
G. †Cyotherium Aymard
Subfm. †Daphoeninae Hunt, Jr. 1998
G. †Guangxicyon Zhai et al. 2003
G. †Gustafsonia Tomiya and Tseng 2016
Subfm. †Haplocyoninae
G. †Harpagophagus De Bonis 1971
G. †Notoamphicyon Ameghino 1904
G. †Protemnocyon Hatcher 1901
G. †Pseudamphicyon Schlosser 1887
G. †Pseudocyonopsis Kuss 1965
G. †Storchictis de Bonis 2020
G. †Symplectocyon Springhorn 1979
Subfm. †Temnocyoninae Hunt, Jr. 1998
Subfm. †Thaumastocyoninae Hurzeller 1940
Invalid names: Aphicyoninae Trouessart 1885 [empty]
Infraor. Canoidea Simpson 1931
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Superfm. Arctoidea Flower 1869
G. †Lycophocyon Tomiya 2011
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†Lycophocyon hutchisoni Tomiya 2011
†Lycophocyon tabrumi Lofgren et al. 2020
Invalid names: Cynoidea Flower 1869 [empty]
Subor. Feliformia Kretzoi 1945
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Infraor. Aeluroida Flynn and Galiano 1982
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G. †Ictidopappus Simpson 1935
Invalid names: Viverravoidea Wortman and Matthew 1899 [empty]
Unr. Aeluroidea Flower 1869
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G. †Anictis Kretzoi 1945
G. †Fejfarictis de Bonis et al. 2024
G. †Haplogale
G. †Herpestides de Beaumont 1967
G. †Palaeoprionodon Filhol 1880
G. †Shandgolictis Hunt, Jr. 1998
G. †Stenoplesictis Filhol 1880
Infraor. Viverroidea Gray 1821
Invalid names: Stenoplesictinae Schlosser 1923 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Alagtsavbaatar Egi et al. 2016
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†Alagtsavbaatar indigenus Dashzeveg 1996
G. †Asiavorator Spassov and Lange-Badré 1995
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†Asiavorator gracilis Matthew and Granger 1924
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Invalid names: Asiavorator altidens Spassov and Lange-Badré 1995 [synonym], Stenoplesictis simplex Dashzeveg 1996 [synonym]
Superfm. Feloidea Hay 1930
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Fm. Felidae Gray 1821 [cat]
Fm. Prionodontidae Horsfield 1824 [asiatic linsang]
G. †Stenogale Schlosser 1888
G. †Viretictis de Bonis et al. 1999
Fm. Nandiniidae Pocock 1929
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G. Nandinia Gray 1843 [African palm civet]
Fm. †Nimravidae Cope 1880 [false sabre-tooth]
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G. †Aelurogale Filhol 1872
Subfm. †Barbourofelinae Schultz et al. 1970
G. †Dinictis Leidy 1854
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Invalid names: Daptophilus Cope 1873 [synonym]
Tr. †Hoplophoneini Kretzoi 1929
G. †Maofelis Averianov et al. 2016
Subfm. †Nimravinae Trouessart 1885
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Invalid names: Hoplophoneinae [synonym]
Tr. †Nimravini Cope 1880
G. †Pangurban Poust et al. 2022
G. †Pogonodon Cope 1880
Invalid names: Eusmilus insignis Filhol 1876 [nomen nudum]
Fm. †Palaeogalidae Martin and Lim 2001
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G. †Cryptailurus Martin and Lim 2001
G. †Palaeogale von Meyer 1846
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Invalid names: Bunaelurus Cope 1873 [synonym]
Invalid names: Didymictida Flynn and Galiano 1982 [empty]
Subor. Fissipedia Blumenbach 1791
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Invalid names: Arctictidae Cope 1889 [empty], Bassarididae Cope 1889 [empty], Cynictidae Cope 1882 [empty]
Superfm. †Miacoidea Cope
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Fm. †Miacidae Cope 1880
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G. †Eogale Beard and Dawson 2009
Subfm. †Miacinae Cope 1880
G. †Miocyon Matthew 1909
G. †Pappidictops Chiu and Li 1977
G. †Simamphicyon Viret 1942
Subfm. †Viverravinae Matthew 1909
G. †Monachiopsis Kretzoi 1941
Fm. †Percrocutidae Werdelin and Solounias 1991
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G. †Dinocrocuta Schmidt-Kittler 1976
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†Dinocrocuta algeriensis Arambourg 1959
†Dinocrocuta gigantea Schlosser 1903
G. †Percrocuta Kretzoi 1938
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†Percrocuta australis Hendey 1974
†Percrocuta carnifex Pilgrim 1913
†Percrocuta hebeiensis Chen and Wu 1976
†Percrocuta miocenica Pavlovic and Thenius 1965
†Percrocuta primordialis Qiu and Cao 1988
†Percrocuta tobieni Crusafont-Pairo and Aguirre 1971
†Percrocuta xixiaensis Xiong 2023
G. †Pseudailurus Gervais 1848
G. †Pristinictis Fox and Youzwyshyn 1994
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†Pristinictis connata Fox and Youzwyshyn 1994
G. †Ravenictis Fox and Youzwyshyn 1994
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†Ravenictis krausei Fox and Youzwyshyn 1994
Invalid names: Eosictis Scott 1945 [nomen dubium], Felidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Phocidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Protelidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Protoferi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Ursina Gray 1825 [empty], Ursocanidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Viverra memphitis Linnaeus 1758 [nomen vanum]
G. †Dormaalocyon Solé et al. 2014
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†Dormaalocyon latouri Quinet 1966
G. †Gracilocyon Smith and Smith 2010
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†Gracilocyon igniculus Beard and Dawson 2009
†Gracilocyon rosei Heinrich et al. 2008
†Gracilocyon rundlei Hooker 2010
†Gracilocyon solei Smith and Smith 2010
†Gracilocyon winkleri Gingerich 1983
G. Lycarion Matthew 1909
+
†Lycarion medius Matthew 1909
G. †Miacis Cope 1872
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†Miacis bathygnathus Scott 1888
†Miacis boqinghensis Huang et al. 1999
†Miacis deutschi Gingerich 1983
†Miacis edax Leidy 1872
†Miacis exiguus Matthew and Granger 1915
†Miacis gracilis Clark 1939
†Miacis hookwayi Stock 1934
†Miacis invictus Matthew and Granger 1925
†Miacis latidens Matthew and Granger 1915
†Miacis lushiensis Chow 1975
†Miacis parvivorus Cope 1872
†Miacis petilus Gingerich 1983
†Miacis rundlei Hooker 2010
†Miacis vorax Leidy 1872
†Miacis vulpinus Scott and Osborn 1887
Invalid names: Harpalodon Marsh 1872 [synonym], Prodaphaenus Wortman and Matthew 1899 [synonym]
G. †Neovulpavus Wortman 1901
+
†Neovulpavus mccarrolli Tomiya et al. 2021
†Neovulpavus washakius Wortman 1901
G. †Palaearctonyx Matthew 1909
+
†Palaearctonyx meadi Matthew 1909
G. †Paramiacis Filhol 1876
+
†Paramiacis exilis Filhol 1876
†Paramiacis teilhardi Mathis 1987
G. †Procynodictis Wortman and Matthew 1899
+
†Procynodictis vulpiceps Wortman and Matthew 1899
Invalid names: Plesiomiacis Simpson 1945 [synonym]
G. †Quercygale Kretzoi 1945
+
†Quercygale angustidens Filhol 1872
†Quercygale hastingsae Davies 1884
†Quercygale helvetica Rütimeyer 1862
†Quercygale smithi Solé 2014
Invalid names: Humbertia De Beaumont 1965 [objective synonym]
G. †Uintacyon Leidy 1873
+
†Uintacyon acutus Thorpe 1923
†Uintacyon asodes Gazin 1952
†Uintacyon gingerichi Heinrich et al. 2008
†Uintacyon hookeri Solé 2014
†Uintacyon jugulans Matthew 1909
†Uintacyon rudis Rose 1981
G. †Vassacyon Matthew 1909
+
†Vassacyon bowni Heinrich et al. 2008
†Vassacyon prieuri Solé et al. 2016
†Vassacyon promicrodon Wortman and Matthew 1899
†Vassacyon taxidiotis Solé et al. 2013
G. †Vulpavus Marsh 1871
+
Subg. †Vulpavus (Phlaodectes) Matthew 1909
+
†Vulpavus australis Matthew and Granger 1915
+
Invalid names: Vulpavus asius Gazin 1952 [synonym]
†Vulpavus canavus Cope 1881
+
Invalid names: Miacis brevirostris Cope 1881 [synonym]
†Vulpavus completus Matthew 1909
†Vulpavus farsonensis Gunnell 1998
†Vulpavus hargeri Wortman 1901
†Vulpavus ovatus Matthew 1909
†Vulpavus palustris Marsh 1871
†Vulpavus profectus Matthew 1909
G. †Xinyuictis Zheng et al. 1975
+
†Xinyuictis tenuis Zheng et al. 1975
G. †Zodiocyon Tong and Wang 2006
+
†Zodiocyon zetesios Tong and Wang 2006
G. †Dawsonicyon Spaulding et al. 2010
+
†Dawsonicyon isami Spaulding et al. 2010
G. †Oodectes Wortman 1901
+
†Oodectes herpestoides Wortman 1901
+
Invalid names: Oodectes proximus Matthew 1909 [synonym], Paeneprolimnocyon amissadomus Guthrie 1967 [synonym], Triacodon nanus Marsh 1872 [synonym]
†Oodectes jepseni Guthrie 1967
+
Invalid names: Paeneprolimnocyon iudei Guthrie 1967 [synonym]
†Oodectes pugnax Wortman and Matthew 1899
Invalid names: Paeneprolimnocyon Guthrie 1967 [synonym]
G. †Tapocyon Stock 1934
+
†Tapocyon dawsonae Wesley and Flynn 2003
†Tapocyon robustus Peterson 1919
+
Invalid names: Tapocyon occidentalis Stock 1934 [synonym]
Fm. †Viverravidae Wortman and Matthew 1899
+
G. †Didymictis Cope 1875
+
†Didymictis altidens Cope 1880
†Didymictis dellensis Dorr 1952
†Didymictis leptomylus Cope 1880
†Didymictis protenus Cope 1874
+
Invalid names: Didymictis curtidens Cope 1882 [synonym]
†Didymictis proteus Polly 1997
†Didymictis vancleveae Robinson 1966
G. †Orientictis Huang and Zheng 2005
+
†Orientictis spanios Huang and Zheng 2005
G. †Preonictis Tong and Wang 2006
+
†Preonictis youngi Tong and Wang 2006
G. †Protictis Matthew
+
Subg. †Protictis (Bryanictis) MacIntyre 1966
+
†Bryanictis microlestes Simpson 1935
†Bryanictis paulus Meehan and Wilson 2002
Subg. †Protictis (Protictis) Matthew 1937
Subg. †Protictis (Protictoides) Flynn and Galiano 1982
+
†Protictoides aprophatos Flynn and Galiano 1982
†Protictis agastor Gingerich and Winkler 1985
†Protictis haydenianus Cope 1882
+
Invalid names: Didymictis primus Cope 1884 [synonym], Prolimnocyon macfaddeni Rigby, Jr. 1980 [synonym]
†Protictis minor Meehan and Wilson 2002
†Protictis paralus Holtzman 1978
†Protictis simpsoni Meehan and Wilson 2002
G. †Simpsonictis MacIntyre 1962
+
†Simpsonictis jaynanneae Rigby, Jr. 1980
†Simpsonictis pegus Gingerich and Winkler 1985
†Simpsonictis tenuis Simpson 1935
G. †Variviverra Tong and Wang 2006
+
†Variviverra vegetatus Tong and Wang 2006
G. †Viverravus Marsh 1872
+
†Viverravus acutus Matthew and Granger 1915
†Viverravus gracilis Marsh 1872
+
Invalid names: Didymictis dawkinsianus Cope 1881 [synonym], Harpalodon vulpinus Marsh 1872 [synonym], Triacodon fallax Marsh 1871 [synonym], Ziphacodon rugatus Marsh 1872 [synonym]
†Viverravus lawsoni Hooker 2010
†Viverravus laytoni Gingerich and Winkler 1985
+
Invalid names: Viverravus bowni Gingerich 1987 [synonym]
†Viverravus lutosus Gazin 1952
†Viverravus minutus Wortman 1901
†Viverravus nitidus Marsh 1872
†Viverravus politus Matthew and Granger 1915
†Viverravus rosei Polly 1997
†Viverravus schaffi Gingerich and Winkler 1985
†Viverravus sicarius Matthew 1909
Invalid names: Ziphacodon Marsh 1872 [synonym]
G. †Viverriscus Beard and Dawson 2009
+
†Viverriscus omnivorus Beard and Dawson 2009
Invalid names: Deltatherium durini Van Valen 1978 [nomen dubium], Didymictidae Flynn and Galiano 1982 [synonym]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available