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Sauropoda (sauropod)

Reptilia

Taxonomy
Sauropoda was named by Marsh (1878).

It was reranked as the suborder Sauropoda by Williston (1878), Anonymous (1879), Seeley (1879), Dollo (1884), Zittel (1890), Winkler (1893), Sauvage (1896), Sauvage (1898), Woodward (1898), Van Den Broeck (1900), Sauvage (1900), Nopcsa (1901), Mansel-Pleydell (1902), Arldt (1909), Sauvage (1914), Janensch (1914), Matthew (1915), McKelvey (1920), Joleaud (1922), Lull (1924), Huene (1927), Nopcsa (1928), Huene (1929), Hay (1930), Huene (1933), Swinton (1934), Roxo (1937), Kuhn (1939), Kuhn (1946), Lapparent (1947), Huene (1958), Delair (1960), Parsch (1963), Tatarinov (1964), Kuhn (1966), Haubold (1971), Delair (1973), Bakker and Galton (1974), Haubold (1974), McIntosh (1981), Martinelli and Forasiepi (2004) and Chure et al. (2006); it was synonymized subjectively with Opisthocoelia by Cope (1883), Hay (1902) and Riggs (1903); it was reranked as the order Sauropoda by Dollo (1885), Baur (1887), Gadow (1898), Gadow (1901), Perrier (1928) and Moyano-Paz et al. (2022); it was synonymized subjectively with Opisthocoelia by Osborn (1904); it was synonymized subjectively with Diplodocia by Tornier (1913); it was reranked as the superorder Sauropoda by Bakker (1986); it was reranked as the unranked clade Sauropoda by Jaekel (1911), Sereno (1989), Salgado et al. (1997), Sereno (1997), Sereno (1998), Wilson and Sereno (1998), Sereno (1999), Tang et al. (2001), Leal and Azevedo (2003), Upchurch et al. (2004), Knoll (2005), Upchurch et al. (2007), Casal et al. (2007), Smith and Pol (2007), García et al. (2008), Previtera and González Riga (2008), Yates (2010), Apaldetti et al. (2011), Novas et al. (2011), Bittencourt and Langer (2011), Taylor et al. (2011), Lacovara et al. (2014), McPhee et al. (2015), Ibiricu et al. (2017), Lim et al. (2023), Agnolin et al. (2023), Agnolín et al. (2023), Zhang et al. (2024), Pérez-Moreno et al. (2024) and Milàn and Mateus (2024).

It was assigned to Dinosauri by Quenstedt (1882); to Dinosauria by Baur (1887); to Dinosauri by Gadow (1897); to Praepubici by Jaekel (1911); to Dinosauria by Williston (1878), Marsh (1878), Seeley (1879), Marsh (1881), Marsh (1882), Dollo (1884), Marsh (1885), Lydekker (1885), Lydekker (1888), Zittel (1890), Marsh (1894), Marsh (1895), Sauvage (1896), Marsh (1896), Sauvage (1898), Woodward (1898), Van Den Broeck (1900), Sauvage (1900), Nopcsa (1901), Mansel-Pleydell (1902), Hatcher (1903), von Zittel (1911), Sauvage (1914), Janensch (1914), McKelvey (1920) and Joleaud (1922); to Dinosauria by Anonymous (1879), Marsh (1884), Dollo (1885), Winkler (1893), Gadow (1898), Gadow (1901) and Perrier (1928); to Pachypodosauria by Huene (1914), Huene (1914), Huene (1914), Huene (1914), Huene (1926), Huene (1929), Huene (1948) and Huene (1954); to Sauropodomorpha by Bakker and Galton (1974); to Phytodinosauria by Bakker (1986); to Sauropodomorpha by Romer (1966), Charig (1967), Reig (1970), Swinton (1970), Ellenberger (1972), Krebs (1974), del Corro (1975), Jain et al. (1975), Baird and Horner (1979), Benton (1979), Ostrom (1980), McGinnis (1982), Santafé et al. (1982), Dong et al. (1983), Russell (1984), Buscalioni and Sanz (1987) and Benton (1990); to Saurischia by Arldt (1909), Huene (1909), Lull (1915), Matthew (1915), Nopcsa (1923), Lull (1924), Huene (1927), Nopcsa (1928), Huene (1929), Hay (1930), Huene (1933), Swinton (1936), Roxo (1937), Kuhn (1939), Kuhn (1946), Lapparent (1947), Romer (1956), Huene (1958), Delair (1960), Parsch (1963), Tatarinov (1964), Colbert (1964), Kuhn (1966), Steel (1970), Haubold (1971), Delair (1973), Haubold (1974), Bonaparte (1978), McIntosh (1981), Zhao (1983), Martinelli and Forasiepi (2004) and Chure et al. (2006); to Massopoda by Novas et al. (2011); to Anchisauria by Upchurch et al. (2007), Yates (2010) and Apaldetti et al. (2011); to Saurischia by Parks (1935) and Gorscak et al. (2014); to Sauropodiformes by McPhee et al. (2015); to Sauropodomorpha by Sereno (1989), Salgado et al. (1997), Sereno (1997), Sereno (1998), Wilson and Sereno (1998), Sereno (1999), Tang et al. (2001), Leal and Azevedo (2003), Upchurch et al. (2004), Knoll (2005), Casal et al. (2007), Smith and Pol (2007), García et al. (2008), Bittencourt and Langer (2011) and Xing et al. (2015); to Saurischia by Swinton (1934), Previtera and González Riga (2008), Taylor et al. (2011), Lacovara et al. (2014), Ibiricu et al. (2017), Moyano-Paz et al. (2022), Lim et al. (2023), Agnolin et al. (2023) and Agnolín et al. (2023); and to Dinosauria by Zhang et al. (2024), Pérez-Moreno et al. (2024) and Milàn and Mateus (2024).

Subtaxa
Acanthopholis platypus, Aepisaurus, Agustiniidae, Archaeodontosaurus, Asiatosaurus, Astrodon johnstoni, Atlantosauridae (syn. Apatosauridae), Atlantosaurus, Barosaurus affinis, Blikanasauridae, Bothriospondylidae, Bothriospondylus elongatus, Bothrosauropodidae, Bothrosauropodoidea, Brachiosaurus nougaredi, Brontopodidae, Brontopodus (syn. Chuxiongpus), Brontosauridae, Bruhathkayosaurus, Calorckosauripus, Camarasauroidea, Campylodoniscus (syn. Campylodon), Cetiosaurus epioolithicus, Cetiosaurus hypoolithicus, Cetiosaurus longus, Cetiosaurus medius, Chiayusaurus, Chinshakiangosaurus, Chondrosteosaurus, Chubutisauridae, Clasmodosaurus, Clasmodosaurus spatula, Dachongosaurus, Damalasaurus, Eosauropoda, Faveoloolithidae, Gigantosaurus, Gravisauria, Hamanosauripus, Haplocanthosauridae, Herrerasauridae, Homalosauropodidae, Homalosauropodoidea, Iguanodon praecursor, Isanosaurus, Koreanosauripus, Kotasaurus, Kunmingosaurus, Lamplughsaura, Lancanjiangosaurus, Lessemsauridae, Mamenchisauroidea, Mamenchisaurus fuxiensis, Mamenchisaurus guangyuanensis, Mamenchisaurus yunnanensis, Megalobrontes, Microdontosaurus, Microsaurops (syn. Microsaurus), Morinosaurus, Morinosaurus priscus, Morosauridae, Neosodon, Nurosaurus, Ohmdenosaurus, Oplosaurus, Ornithopsidae, Oshanosaurus, Parabrontopodidae, Pleurocoelus altus, Pleurocoelus nanus, Pleurocoelus valdensis, Polyonyx, Pulanesaura, Qinlingosaurus, Ravatichnus, Rotundichnus, Sanpasaurus, Tapinosaurus, Tendaguriidae, Titanosaurus lydekkeri, Titanosaurus montanus, Ultrasaurus, Vulcanodon, Zizhongosaurus

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1842Cetiosaurus epioolithicus Owen
1842Cetiosaurus hypoolithicus Owen
1842Cetiosaurus epioolithicus Owen p. 12
1842Cetiosaurus hypoolithicus Owen p. 12
1842Cetiosaurus medius Owen pp. 100-101
1842Cetiosaurus longus Owen pp. 101-102
1852Aepisaurus Gervais p. 263 figs. 3-4
1852Aepisaurus elephantinus Gervais p. 263
1853Aepisaurus Gervais p. 472
1853Aepisaurus elephantinus Gervais p. 472
1853Cetiosaurus longus Pictet p. 494
1853Cetiosaurus medius Pictet p. 494
1854Cetiosaurus medius Owen p. 18
1859Aepysaurus Gervais p. 464
1859Aepysaurus elephantinus Gervais p. 464
1859Cetiosaurus longus Owen p. 27
1859Cetiosaurus medius Owen p. 35
1859Cetiosaurus longus Owen p. 152
1859Cetiosaurus medius Owen p. 152
1859Opisthocoelia Owen p. 152
1860Cetiosaurus longus Owen pp. 272-273
1860Cetiosaurus medius Owen p. 272
1860Opisthocoelia Owen p. 272
1861Opisthocoelia Owen p. 300
1861Cetiosaurus longus Owen p. 301
1865Astrodon johnstoni Leidy
1869Astrodon johnstoni Cope p. 99
1869Gigantosaurus megalonyx Hulke p. 389f
1869Acanthopholis platypus Seeley p. xvii
1869Gigantosaurus Seeley p. 94
1869Gigantosaurus megalonyx Seeley p. 94
1871Ceteosaurus longus Phillips pp. 290-291
1871Ceteosaurus medius Phillips p. 290
1871Acanthopholis platypus Seeley p. 306
1874Morinosaurus Sauvage
1874Morinosaurus typus Sauvage pp. 14-15
1874Cetiosaurus longus Sauvage pp. 18-19
1874Cetiosaurus medius Sauvage pp. 18-19
1874Cetiosauria Seeley
1875Acanthopholis platypus Jukes-Browne p. 311
1875Bothriospondylus elongatus Owen p. 23
1875Cetiosaurus longus Owen p. 27
1876Chondrosteosaurus Owen
1876Chondrosteosaurus gigas Owen p. 5
1876Iguanodon praecursor Sauvage pp. 438-439
1876Bothriospondylus elongatus Sauvage p. 439
1877Atlantosaurus Marsh
1877Atlantosaurus montanus Marsh
1877Titanosaurus montanus Marsh p. 87
1877Atlantosaurus Marsh p. 514
1878Atlantosaurus montanus King p. 346
1878Atlantosaurus Marsh p. 412
1878Sauropoda Marsh p. 412
1878Chondrosteosaurus gigas Owen p. 201
1878Cetiosaurus longus Owen p. 209
1878Titanosaurus montanus Williston p. 43
1878Chondrosteosaurus Williston p. 45
1878Sauropoda Williston p. 45
1879Sauropoda Anonymous p. 135
1879Caulodon praecursor Cope p. 35
1879Sauropoda Seeley p. 183
1880Atlantosaurus montanus Sauvage p. 523
1880Caulodon precursor Sauvage p. 523
1880Chondrosteosaurus gigas Sauvage p. 523
1880Morinosaurus typus Sauvage p. 523
1880Caulodon precursor Sauvage p. 542
1880Morinosaurus typus Sauvage p. 542
1880Gigantosaurus megalonyx Sauvage p. 546
1881Atlantosaurus Marsh
1881Sauropoda Marsh
1882Ceteosaurus longus Etheridge p. 198
1882Ceteosaurus medius Etheridge p. 198
1882Sauropoda Marsh
1882Atlantosaurus Quenstedt p. 188
1882Sauropoda Quenstedt p. 188
1882Titanosaurus montanus Quenstedt p. 188
1882Acanthopholis platypus Sauvage p. 30
1882Atlantosaurus Sauvage p. 35
1882Chondrosteosaurus Sauvage p. 35
1883Opisthocoela Cope p. 98
1884Gigantosaurus megalonyx Damon p. 69
1884Atlantosaurus Dollo p. 298
1884Chondrosteosaurus Dollo p. 298
1884Sauropoda Dollo p. 298
1884Atlantosaurus Marsh p. 68
1884Sauropoda Marsh p. 68
1884Neosodon de la Moussaye p. 53
1885Sauropoda Dollo p. 35
1885Neosodon Dollo p. 628
1885Neosodon praecursor Dollo p. 628
1885Sauropoda Lydekker p. 37
1885Sauropoda Marsh p. 763
1885Atlantosaurus Marsh p. 764
1885Chondrosteosaurus Marsh p. 764
1885Caulodon precursor de la Moussaye p. 167
1887Opisthocoelia Baur p. 101
1887Sauropoda Baur p. 101
1887Cetiosauria Seeley
1888Sauropoda Lydekker p. 131
1888Atlantosaurus Lydekker p. 144
1888Pleurocoelus nanus Marsh pp. 90-92 figs. 1-6
1888Pleurocoelus altus Marsh pp. 92-93
1888Caulodon precursor Sauvage p. 624
1889Pleurocoelus valdensis Lydekker p. 325
1890Pleurocoelus valdensis Lydekker p. 182 figs. 1, Pl. 9
1890Acanthopholis platypus Woodward and Sherborn p. 209
1890Cetiosaurus longus Woodward and Sherborn p. 214
1890Gigantosaurus megalonyx Woodward and Sherborn p. 230
1890Pleurocoelus valdensis Woodward and Sherborn p. 271
1890Sauropoda Zittel p. 450
1890Atlantosaurus Zittel p. 705
1890Atlantosaurus montanus Zittel p. 706
1890Pleurocoelus altus Zittel p. 714
1890Pleurocoelus nanus Zittel p. 714
1890Pleurocoelus valdensis Zittel p. 714
1890Aepysaurus Zittel p. 717
1891Cetiosauria Baur pp. 450-451
1892Cetiosauria Seeley p. 188
1893Atlantosaurus Marsh p. 437
1893Sauropoda Winkler p. 98
1893Atlantosaurus montanus Winkler p. 101
1893Gigantosaurus Winkler p. 101
1893Atlantosaurus Winkler p. 103
1894Oepysaurus Depéret p. xxix
1894Sauropoda Marsh
1894Morinosaurus typus Sauvage p. 927
1894Pelorosaurus precursor Sauvage p. 927
1895Astrodon johnstoni Bibbins p. 19
1895Atlantosaurus Marsh
1895Chondrosteosaurus Marsh
1895Sauropoda Marsh
1895Morinosaurus typus Sauvage p. 465
1895Pelorosaurus precursor Sauvage p. 467
1895Morinosaurus Sauvage p. 469
1896Pleurocoelus nanus Marsh figs. Pl. 40-41
1896Astrodon johnstoni Marsh p. 164
1896Atlantosaurus montanus Marsh p. 165
1896Aepisaurus Marsh p. 185
1896Atlantosaurus Marsh p. 241
1896Sauropoda Marsh p. 241
1896Pelorosaurus precursor Sauvage p. 47
1896Pleurocoelus valdensis Sauvage p. 47
1896Sauropoda Sauvage p. 48
1897Pleurocoelus nanus Bigot p. xciv
1897Atlantosaurus Gadow p. 204
1897Sauropoda Gadow p. 204
1897Pleurocoelus nanus Marsh p. 415
1897Atlantosaurus montanus Marsh p. 487
1897Atlantosaurus Marsh p. 494
1898Clasmodosaurus Ameghino
1898Clasmodosaurus spatula Ameghino
1898Atlantosaurus Gadow p. 22
1898Sauropoda Gadow p. 22
1898Atlantosaurus Marsh p. 158
1898Pleurocoelus valdensis Sauvage p. 8
1898Sauropoda Sauvage p. 8
1898Pleurocoelus valdensis Sauvage p. 444
1898Sauropoda Woodward p. 141
1899Barosaurus affinis Marsh p. 228
1900Clasmodosaurus Ameghino p. 216
1900Clasmodosaurus spatula Ameghino p. 216
1900Morinosaurus Sauvage p. 417
1900Morinosaurus typus Sauvage p. 417
1900Sauropoda Sauvage p. 417
1900Sauropoda Van Den Broeck p. 82
1900Pleurocoelus valdensis Van Den Broeck p. 83
1900Pleorocoelus nanus Walcott p. 23
1901Atlantosaurus Gadow p. 418
1901Sauropoda Gadow p. 419
1901Aepyosaurus Nopcsa p. 203
1901Aepyosaurus elephantinus Nopcsa p. 203
1901Sauropoda Nopcsa p. 203
1901Astrodon johnstoni Nopcsa p. 204
1901Atlantosaurus Nopcsa p. 204
1901Atlantosaurus montanus Nopcsa p. 204
1901Bothriospondylus elongatus Nopcsa p. 204
1901Cetiosaurus longus Nopcsa p. 205
1901Chondrosteosaurus Nopcsa p. 205
1901Chondrosteosaurus gigas Nopcsa p. 205
1901Morinosaurus Nopcsa p. 206
1901Morinosaurus typus Nopcsa p. 206
1901Pelorosaurus praecursor Nopcsa p. 206
1901Pleurocoelus nanus Nopcsa p. 207
1901Pleurocoelus valdensis Nopcsa p. 207
1901Acanthopholis platypus Nopcsa p. 213
1902Opisthocoelia Hay p. 482
1902Pleurocoelus altus Hay p. 483
1902Pleurocoelus nanus Hay p. 483
1902Astrodon johnstoni Hay p. 484
1902Atlantosaurus Hay p. 484
1902Atlantosaurus montanus Hay p. 484
1902Barosaurus affinis Hay p. 485
1902Atlantosaurus Mansel-Pleydell p. lxxvi
1902Sauropoda Mansel-Pleydell p. lxxv
1902Morinosaurus typus Sauvage p. 408
1902Pelorosaurus precursor Sauvage p. 411
1903Astrodon johnstoni Hatcher pp. 11-12
1903Chondrosteosaurus Hatcher pp. 50-51
1903Sauropoda Hatcher p. 54
1903Cetiosauria Osborn p. 456
1903Opisthocoelia Riggs
1904Acanthopholis platypus Lydekker p. 60
1904Gigantosaurus megalonyx Lydekker p. 67
1904Opisthocoelia Osborn p. 114
1905Cetiosaurus longus Williston p. 344
1908Atlantosaurus Huene p. 297
1909Cetiosaurus longus Arldt p. 262
1909Sauropoda Arldt p. 262
1909Atlantosaurus Arldt p. 263
1909Atlantosaurus Huene p. 14
1909Sauropoda Huene p. 14
1909Aepisaurus Huene p. 15
1909Morinosaurus Huene p. 15
1911Sauropoda Jaekel p. 159
1911Pleurocoelus nanus Lull p. 174
1911Pleurocoelus altus Lull p. 175
1911Pleurocoelus nanus Lull p. 188 figs. Pl. 9, 14-18
1911Pleurocoelus altus Lull p. 200 figs. Pl. 18-19
1911Astrodon johnstoni Lull p. 202 figs. Pl. 19:5
1911Sauropoda von Zittel p. 283
1911Atlantosaurus von Zittel p. 287
1911Chondrosteosaurus von Zittel p. 287
1911Gigantosaurus von Zittel p. 287
1911Neosodon von Zittel p. 287
1911Aepyosaurus von Zittel p. 288
1911Morinosaurus von Zittel p. 288
1914Sauropoda Huene p. 37
1914Allophagi Jaekel p. 197
1914Sauropoda Janensch p. 82
1914Morinosaurus Sauvage p. 254
1914Morinosaurus typus Sauvage p. 254
1914Sauropoda Sauvage p. 254
1915Sauropoda Lull p. 117
1915Pleurocoelus altus Lull p. 331
1915Pleurocoelus nanus Lull p. 331
1915Sauropoda Matthew p. 32
1916Astrodon johnstoni Mook p. 134
1916Atlantosaurus montanus Mook p. 135
1916Pleurocoelus altus Mook p. 138
1916Pleurocoelus nanus Mook p. 138
1916Barosaurus affinis Mook p. 139
1919Barosaurus affinis Lull p. 8
1920Sauropoda McKelvey p. 6
1920Pleurocoelus nanus Pompeckj p. 126
1921Astrodon johnstoni Gilmore pp. 587-588
1922Sauropoda Joleaud p. 59
1922Atlantosaurus Joleaud p. 61
1923Sauropoda Nopcsa p. 126
1924Sauropoda Lull p. 232
1924Asiatosaurus Osborn p. 2
1926Sauropoda Huene p. 474
1927Aepisaurus Huene p. 126
1927Campylodon Huene p. 256
1927Campylodon ameghinoi Huene p. 256
1927Clasmodosaurus Huene p. 256
1927Clasmodosaurus spatula Huene p. 256
1927Sauropoda Huene p. 256
1927Caulodon praecursor Huene p. 456
1927Pleurocoelus nanus Huene p. 457
1927Pleurocoelus valdensis Huene p. 457
1927Aepisaurus Huene p. 469
1928Sauropoda Nopcsa p. 184
1928Sauropoda Perrier p. 3118
1929Campylodon ameghinoi Huene pp. 82-83
1929Titanosaurus lydekkeri Huene p. 91
1929Aepisaurus elephantinus Huene p. 92
1929Aepisaurus Huene p. 107
1929Clasmodosaurus spatula Huene p. 140
1929Campylodon Huene p. 155
1929Clasmodosaurus Huene p. 155
1929Sauropoda Huene p. 155
1930Sauropoda Hay p. 188
1930Astrodon altus Hay p. 193
1930Astrodon johnstoni Hay p. 193
1930Astrodon nanus Hay p. 193
1930Atlantosaurus Hay p. 194
1930Atlantosaurus montanus Hay p. 194
1930Barosaurus affinis Hay p. 200
1931Atlantosaurus montanus Johnson p. 358
1932Titanosaurus lydekkeri Stromer p. 6
1932Aepisaurus elephantinus Stromer p. 9
1932Aepisaurus Stromer p. 18
1933Sauropoda Huene p. 70
1934Pleurocoelus valdensis Stromer p. 63
1934Aepisaurus elephantinus Stromer p. 64
1934Sauropoda Swinton p. 32
1935Sauropoda Parks p. 184
1936Sauropoda Swinton p. 209
1936Astrodon valdensis Swinton p. 210
1936Titanosaurus lydekkeri Swinton p. 212
1937Sauropoda Roxo p. 44
1939Clasmodosaurus Kuhn p. 55
1939Clasmodosaurus spatula Kuhn p. 55
1939Cetiosaurus longus Kuhn p. 84
1939Sauropoda Kuhn p. 84
1939Gigantosaurus Kuhn p. 85
1939Gigantosaurus megalonyx Kuhn p. 85
1939Aepisaurus Kuhn p. 89
1939Aepisaurus elephantinus Kuhn p. 89
1939Titanosaurus lydekkeri Kuhn p. 89
1941Campylodon Huene p. 90
1941Campylodon ameghinoi Huene p. 90
1941Clasmodon Huene p. 90
1946Aepisaurus Gilmore p. 30
1946Campylodon Gilmore p. 30
1946Sauropoda Kuhn p. 65
1947Sauropoda Lapparent pp. 16-17
1948Sauropoda Huene p. 91
1948Aepisaurus elephantinus Lapparent p. 1186
1953Chiayusaurus Bohlin p. 45 fig. 24
1953Chiayusaurus lacustris Bohlin p. 45 fig. 24
1954Sauropoda Huene p. 46
1956Sauropoda Romer p. 619
1956Chiayusaurus Romer p. 621
1956Aepisaurus Romer p. 622
1956Asiatosaurus Romer p. 624
1957Astrodon valdensis Lapparent and Zbyszewski
1958Sauropoda Huene p. 205
1958Asiatosaurus Huene p. 206
1958Chiayusaurus Huene p. 206
1958Chiayuesaurus lacustris Young p. 24
1958Asiatosaurus Young p. 25
1958Chiayuesaurus Young p. 25
1959Asiatosaurus Huene p. 122
1959Chiayusaurus Huene p. 122
1959Opisthocoela McGrew et al. p. 130
1960Sauropoda Delair p. 76
1960Brachiosaurus nougaredi Lapparent pp. 40-42 figs. Pl. 2-3, 8, 10
1961Campylodoniscus Kuhn
1961Campylodoniscus ameghinoi Kuhn
1962Astrodon johnstoni Kingham p. 40 figs. 2b, 4
1962Astrodon valdensis Kingham p. 40
1963Sauropoda Parsch p. 4
1964Cetiosauria Colbert p. 22 fig. 6
1964Sauropoda Colbert p. 22 fig. 6
1964Iguanodon praecursor Kuhn p. 11
1964Campylodoniscus Kuhn p. 324
1964Sauropoda Tatarinov p. 543
1964Astrodon johnstoni Tatarinov p. 549
1964Astrodon nanus Tatarinov p. 551 fig. 593
1964Aepisaurus Tatarinov p. 552
1964Asiatosaurus Tatarinov p. 552
1964Campylodon Tatarinov p. 552
1964Chiayiisaurus Tatarinov p. 552
1966Sauropoda Kuhn p. 97
1966Aepisaurus Romer p. 370
1966Asiatosaurus Romer p. 370
1966Chiayusaurus Romer p. 370
1966Sauropoda Romer p. 370
1967Atlantosaurus Charig p. 713
1967Chiayusaurus Charig p. 713
1967Chiayusaurus lacustris Charig p. 713
1967Sauropoda Charig p. 713
1967Aepysaurus elephantinus Lapparent p. 10
1970Sauropoda Reig p. 276
1970Sauropoda Steel p. 59
1970Cetiosaurus longus Steel p. 64
1970Cetiosaurus medius Steel p. 64
1970Astrodon altus Steel p. 67
1970Astrodon johnstoni Steel p. 67
1970Astrodon nanus Steel p. 67
1970Astrodon valdensis Steel p. 67
1970Bothriospondylus elongatus Steel p. 67
1970Brachiosaurus nougaredi Steel p. 68
1970Chiayusaurus Steel p. 71
1970Chiayusaurus lacustris Steel p. 71
1970Aepisaurus Steel p. 74
1970Aepisaurus elephantinus Steel p. 74
1970Campylodoniscus Steel p. 76
1970Campylodoniscus ameghinoi Steel p. 76
1970Titanosaurus lydekkeri Steel p. 77
1970Atlantosaurus Steel p. 79
1970Atlantosaurus montanus Steel p. 79
1970Barosaurus affinis Steel p. 80
1970Asiatosaurus Steel p. 81
1970Sauropoda Swinton p. 117
1970Atlantosaurus Swinton p. 178
1971Sauropoda Haubold p. 85
1972Sauropoda Ellenberger p. 152
1973Sauropoda Delair p. 3
1973Asiatosaurus Dong p. 45
1974Sauropoda Bakker and Galton p. 171
1974Sauropoda Haubold p. 46
1974Sauropoda Krebs p. 22
1974Astrodon johnstoni Langston p. 86
1974Pleurocoelus altus Langston p. 86
1974Pleurocoelus nanus Langston p. 86
1975Asiatosaurus Hou et al. p. 27
1975Sauropoda Jain et al.
1975Atlantosaurus montanus Mcintosh and Berman p. 197
1975Sauropoda del Corro p. 231
1976Zigongosaurus fuxiensis Hou et al. pp. 13-14
1977Chiayusaurus Dong
1978Sauropoda Bonaparte p. 316
1978Clasmodosaurus Bonaparte p. 497
1978Clasmodosaurus spatula Bonaparte p. 552
1978Campylodon Bonaparte p. 562
1978Campylodon ameghinoi Bonaparte p. 562
1978Zigongosaurus fuxiensis Dong et al.
1979Sauropoda Baird and Horner p. 10
1979Sauropoda Benton p. 143
1979Clasmodosaurus spatula Bonaparte p. 233
1979Cetiosaurus longus Jain et al. p. 206
1980Campylodon Bonaparte and Powell p. 26
1980Campylodon ameghinoi Bonaparte and Powell p. 26
1980Chiayusaurus lacustris Chao p. 94
1980Campylodoniscus Molnar p. 137
1980Chondrosteosaurus Molnar p. 137
1980Clasmodosaurus Molnar p. 139
1980Sauropoda Ostrom p. 22
1981Aepisaurus Buffetaut et al. p. 279
1981Rotundichnus Hendricks p. 3
1981Ultrasaurus Kim p. 297
1981Sauropoda McIntosh p. 11
1981Astrodon johnstoni McIntosh p. 17
1981Mamenchisaurus guangyuanensis Zhang
1982Sauropoda McGinnis p. 28
1982Sauropoda Santafé et al. p. 85
1983Sauropoda Dong et al. p. 17
1983Zizhongosaurus Dong et al. pp. 18-19 fig. 6
1983Zizhongosaurus chuanchengensis Dong et al. pp. 18-19 fig. 6
1983Asiatosaurus Dong et al. p. 27
1983Chiayusaurus Dong et al. p. 27
1983Ultrasaurus Kim pp. 119-120
1983Ultrasaurus tabriensis Kim pp. 119-120
1983Astrodon johnstoni Rich et al. p. 285
1983Pleurocoelus nanus Rich et al. p. 285
1983Pleurocoelus valdensis Rich et al. p. 285
1983Sauropoda Zhao p. 296
1983Asiatosaurus Zhao p. 304
1984Zigongosaurus fuxiensis He p. 60
1984Sauropoda Russell p. 28
1985Kunmingosaurus Zhao
1985Kunmingosaurus wudingi Zhao p. 287
1985Lancanjiangosaurus Zhao p. 288
1985Zigongosaurus fuxiensis Zhao p. 347
1986Sauropoda Bakker p. 472
1986Hamanosauripus Kim
1986Hamanosauripus ungulatus Kim p. 17
1986Koreanosauripus Kim p. 17
1986Koreanosauripus cheongi Kim p. 17
1986Zizhongosaurus chuanchensis Taquet p. 42
1986Chiayusaurus lacustris Zhao p. 68
1986Kunmingosaurus utingi Zhen et al. p. 12
1987Sauropoda Buscalioni and Sanz p. 66
1987Astrodon jhonstoni Sanz et al. p. 48
1987Astrodon valdensis Sanz et al. p. 49
1987Bruhathkayosaurus Yadagiri and Ayyasami pp. 527-528
1987Bruhathkayosaurus matleyi Yadagiri and Ayyasami pp. 527-528 figs. Pl. 1-3
1988Aepisaurus Carroll
1988Asiatosaurus Carroll
1988Campylodoniscus Carroll
1988Chiayusaurus Carroll
1988Zizhongosaurus Carroll
1988Zigongosaurus fuxiensis He et al. p. 89
1989Aepisaurus elephantinus Buffetaut p. 438
1989Astrodon altus Kranz p. 15
1989Astrodon johnstoni Kranz p. 15
1989Astrodon nanus Kranz p. 15
1989Sauropoda Sereno p. 38A
1990Sauropoda Benton p. 19
1990Zizhongosaurus McIntosh p. 54
1990Campylodoniscus McIntosh p. 56
1990Cetiosaurus medius McIntosh p. 346
1990Brachiosaurus nougaredi McIntosh p. 347
1990Pleurocoelus altus McIntosh p. 348
1990Pleurocoelus valdensis McIntosh p. 348
1990Cetiosauriscus longus McIntosh p. 350
1990Chondrosteosaurus McIntosh p. 350
1990Campylodoniscus ameghinoi McIntosh p. 352
1990Zizhongosaurus McIntosh p. 377
1990Zizhongosaurus chuanchengensis McIntosh p. 377
1990Pleurocoelus nanus McIntosh pp. 383-384
1990Chondrosteosaurus gigas McIntosh p. 387
1990Aepysaurus McIntosh p. 399
1990Aepysaurus elephantinus McIntosh p. 399
1990Campylodoniscus McIntosh p. 399
1991Aepisaurus elephantinus Buffetaut et al. p. 31
1992Pleurocoelus nanus Buffetaut et al. p. 12
1992Pleurocoelus valdensis Buffetaut et al. p. 12
1992Nurosaurus Dong
1992Chiayusaurus Dong p. 97
1992Chiayusaurus lacustris Dong p. 97
1992Kunmingosaurus Dong p. 163
1992Kunmingosaurus wudingensis Dong p. 163
1992Zizhongosaurus Dong p. 163
1992Zizhongosaurus chuanchengensis Dong p. 163
1992Asiatosaurus Dong p. 164
1992Pleurocoelus altus Farlow p. 108
1992Pleurocoelus nanus Farlow p. 108
1992Cetiosaurus medius Mcintosh et al. p. 164
1993Aepisaurus elephantinus Buffetaut et al. p. 167
1993Cetiosaurus longus Delair p. 334
1994Aepisaurus elephantinus Buffetaut p. 127
1994Neosodon Buffetaut and Martin p. 23 fig. 1
1994Neosodon praecursor Buffetaut and Martin p. 23 fig. 1
1994Pleurocoelus nanus Carpenter and McIntosh p. 264
1994Cetiosaurus longus Filla and Redman p. 164
1994Pleurocoelus valdensis Galton p. 265
1995Rotundichnus Lockley et al. p. 138
1995Pleurocoelus nanus Salgado et al. p. 34
1995Kunmingosaurus Upchurch p. 252
1995Zizhongosaurus Upchurch p. 252
1995Kunmingosaurus Upchurch p. 371
1995Zizhongosaurus Upchurch p. 371
1996Campylodoniscus Bonaparte p. 109
1996Campylodoniscus ameghinoi Bonaparte p. 109
1996Campylodoniscus Jacobs et al. p. 602
1996Neosodon Le Loeuff et al. p. 79
1996Neosodon praecursor Le Loeuff et al. p. 79
1996Qinlingosaurus Xie et al.
1996Qinlingosaurus luonanensis Xue et al.
1996Mamenchisaurus fuxiensis Zhang and Chen
1997Neosodon Buffetaut p. 214
1997Kunmingosaurus wudingensis Dong p. 120
1997Neosodon praecursor Le Loeuff p. 454
1997Chiayusaurus asianensis Lee et al.
1997Pleurocoelus nanus Salgado and Calvo p. 44
1997Sauropoda Salgado et al. p. 6
1997Sauropoda Sereno p. 444
1998Kunmingosaurus Dong p. 80
1998Zizhongosaurus Dong p. 80
1998Astrodon johnstoni Lipka p. 229
1998Pleurocoelus nanus Salgado et al. p. 181
1998Sauropoda Sereno p. 63
1998Sauropoda Wilson and Sereno p. 55
1999Zigongosaurus fuxiensis Martin-Rolland p. 299 fig. 12
1999Kunmingosaurus wudingensis Martin-Rolland p. 308
1999Zizhongosaurus chuanchengensis Martin-Rolland p. 308
1999Zizhongosaurus Martin-Rolland p. 310
1999Sauropoda Sereno p. 2138 fig. 2
1999Pleurocoelus nanus Tidwell et al. p. 31
2000Astrodon johnstoni Maxwell and Cifelli p. 21
2000Chiayusaurus Park et al. p. 90
2001Chiayusaurus lacustris Dong p. 100
2001Bruhathkayosaurus matleyi Mohabey p. 481
2001Bruhathkayosaurus Mohabey p. 484
2001Sauropoda Tang et al. p. 14
2002Pleurocoelus altus Salgado and García p. 215
2002Asiatosaurus Wilson p. 248
2002Campylodon Wilson p. 248
2002Campylodon ameghinoi Wilson p. 248
2002Pleurocoelus nanus Wilson p. 249
2003Sauropoda Leal and Azevedo p. 71A
2003Titanosaurus lydekkeri Powell p. 76
2003Hamanosauripus Romero Molina et al. p. 26
2003Koreanosauripus Romero Molina et al. p. 26
2003Rotundichnus Romero Molina et al. p. 26
2003Asiatosaurus Ruiz-Omeñaca and Canudo p. 297
2003Chiayusaurus Ruiz-Omeñaca and Canudo p. 297
2004Mamenchisaurus yunnanensis Fang et al.
2004Astrodon johnstoni Kranz p. 95
2004Sauropoda Martinelli and Forasiepi p. 260
2004Sauropoda Upchurch et al. p. 261
2004Mamenchisaurus fuxiensis Upchurch et al. p. 262
2004Pleurocoelus altus Upchurch et al. p. 266
2004Pleurocoelus nanus Upchurch et al. p. 266
2005Astrodon johnstoni Carpenter and Tidwell p. 85
2005Sauropoda Knoll p. 85
2005Zigongosaurus fuxiensis Peng et al.
2006Sauropoda Chure et al. p. 236
2006Neosodon Le Loeuff et al. p. 708
2006Neosodon praecursor Le Loeuff et al. p. 708
2006Pleurocoelus altus Weishampel p. 145
2006Pleurocoelus nanus Weishampel p. 145
2007Clasmodosaurus Apesteguía p. 538
2007Clasmodosaurus spatula Apesteguía p. 538
2007Sauropoda Casal et al.
2007Iuticosaurus lydekkeri Molnar and Wiffen p. 509
2007Chondrosteosaurus Naish and Martill p. 499
2007Chondrosteosaurus gigas Naish and Martill p. 499
2007Pleurocoelus nanus Naish and Martill p. 499
2007Sauropoda Smith and Pol p. 668 fig. 7
2007Sauropoda Upchurch et al. p. 62 fig. 3
2008Sauropoda García et al.
2008Mamenchisaurus fuxiensis Lü et al. p. 21
2008Sauropoda Previtera and González Riga
2009Pleurocoelus nanus González Riga et al. p. 141
2009Pleurocoelus nanus Parsons and Parsons p. 721
2009Chiayusaurus Wilson and Upchurch
2009Zigongosaurus fuxiensis Xing et al. p. 1394
2009Mamenchisaurus yunnanensis Xing et al. p. 1031
2010Pleurocoelus nanus Alifanov and Bolotsky p. 88
2010Brachiosaurus nougaredi Taquet p. 92
2010Sauropoda Yates p. 750
2011Sauropoda Apaldetti et al. p. 16 fig. 13
2011Sauropoda Bittencourt and Langer p. 35
2011Mamenchisaurus fuxiensis Li et al. p. 24
2011Sauropoda Novas et al. p. 341 fig. 4
2011Astrodon johnsoni Saegusa and Tomida p. 254
2011Sauropoda Taylor et al. p. 78
2013Bruhathkayosaurus matleyi Goswami et al. p. 58
2013Bruhathkayosaurus Goswami et al. p. 59
2014Sauropoda Gorscak et al.
2014Sauropoda Lacovara et al.
2014Bruhathkayosaurus matleyi Woodruff and Foster p. 216
2015Sauropoda McPhee et al. p. 19 fig. 12
2015Sauropoda Xing et al.
2016Brachiosaurus nougarodi Gabani et al. p. 50
2016Campylodoniscus ameghinoi Martínez et al. p. 61 fig. 31
2017Sauropoda Ibiricu et al.
2019Mamenchisaurus fuxiensis Maisch and Matzke p. 111
2022Sauropoda Moyano-Paz et al. p. 20
2023Sauropoda Agnolin et al.
2023Clasmodosaurus Agnolín et al.
2023Clasmodosaurus spatula Agnolín et al.
2023Sauropoda Agnolín et al.
2023Sauropoda Lim et al. p. 52
2024Sauropoda Milàn and Mateus p. 4
2024Sauropoda Pérez-Moreno et al. p. 3
2024Sauropoda Zhang et al. p. 304

Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data

RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
Bilateria
EubilateriaAx 1987
Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
Tetrapoda
Reptiliomorpha
Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
Cotylosauria()
Amniota
Sauropsida
RankNameAuthor
classReptilia
subclassEureptilia()
Romeriida
Diapsida()
Archosauromorpha(Huene 1946)
Crocopoda
ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
Eucrocopoda
Archosauria()
informalAvemetatarsalia
Ornithodira
Dinosauromorpha
Dinosauriformes
Dinosauria()
Saurischia()
Sauropoda()
Sauropoda()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. †Sauropoda Marsh 1878 [sauropod]
show all | hide all
G. †Archaeodontosaurus Buffetaut 2005
+
Fm. †Atlantosauridae Marsh 1877 [atlantosaurid]
+
Invalid names: Apatosauridae Huene 1927 [synonym], Atlantosaurinae Steel 1970 [empty]
G. †Brontopodus Farlow et al. 1989
+
Brontopodus birdi Farlow et al. 1989
Brontopodus changlingensis Chen and Huang 1993
+
Invalid names: Chuxiongpus zheni Chen and Huang 1993 [synonym]
Brontopodus oncalensis Meijide Fuentes et al. 2004
Brontopodus pentadactylus Kim and Lockley 2012
Brontopodus plagnensis Mazin et al. 2017
Brontopodus triangularis Santos et al. 2000
Invalid names: Chuxiongpus Chen and Huang 1993 [synonym]
G. †Calorckosauripus Meyer et al. 2018
+
Calorckosauripus lazari Meyer et al. 2018
Superfm. †Camarasauroidea Dong 1998
+
Invalid names: Barapasauridae Halstead and Halstead 1981 [empty]
G. †Dachongosaurus Zhao 1985
+
G. †Damalasaurus Zhao 1985
+
Damalasaurus magnus Zhao 1985
G. †Eosauropoda Bonaparte 1986
Fm. †Faveoloolithidae Zhao and Ding 1976
+
G. †Duovallumoolithus Zheng et al. 2018
+
Duovallumoolithus shangdanensis Zheng et al. 2018
G. †Faveoloolithus Zhao and Ding 1976
+
Faveoloolithus ningxiaensis Zhao and Ding 1976
G. †Hemifaveoloolithus Wang et al. 2011
+
G. †Paquiloolithus Simon 2002
+
Invalid names: Sphaerovum Mones 1980 [nomen dubium]
Unr. †Gravisauria Allain and Aquesbi 2008
+
G. †Amygdalodon Cabrera 1947
+
Amygdalodon patagonicus Cabrera 1947
G. †Barapasaurus Jain et al. 1975
+
Barapasaurus tagorei Jain et al. 1975
G. †Cetiosaurus Owen 1841
+
Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Phillips 1871
+
Invalid names: Cetiosaurus giganteus Owen 1870 [synonym]
Cetiosaurus philippsii Sauvage 1880
Invalid names: Cetiosaurus brevis Owen 1842 [nomen dubium], Cetiosaurus mogrebiensis Lapparent 1955 [nomen dubium]
Unr. †Eusauropoda Upchurch 1995
+
G. †Amanzia Schwarz et al. 2020
+
Amanzia greppini Huene 1922
G. †Bagualia Pol et al. 2020
+
Bagualia alba Pol et al. 2020
G. †Cardiodon Owen 1841
+
Cardiodon rugulosus Owen 1844
Fm. †Cetiosauridae Lydekker 1888 [cetiosaurid]
+
G. †Chebsaurus Mahammed et al. 2005
+
Chebsaurus algeriensis Mahammed et al. 2005
G. †Protognathosaurus Olshevsky 1991 [first jaw lizard]
+
Invalid names: Protognathus Zhang 1988 [replaced]
Invalid names: Cardiodontidae Lydekker 1895 [objective synonym], Cardiodontinae Huene 1927 [empty], Cetiosaurinae Kuhn 1939 [empty], Shunosaurinae McIntosh 1990 [empty]
G. †Cetiosauriscus Huene 1927
+
Cetiosauriscus stewarti Charig 1980
G. †Datousaurus Dong and Tang 1984
+
Datousaurus bashanensis Dong and Tang 1984
G. †Dystrophaeus Cope 1877
+
G. †Ferganasaurus Alifanov and Averianov 2003
+
Ferganasaurus verzilini Alifanov and Averianov 2003
G. †Haestasaurus Upchurch et al. 2015
+
Haestasaurus becklesii Mantell 1852
G. †Janenschia Wild 1991
+
Janenschia robusta Fraas 1908
G. †Jobaria Sereno et al. 1999
+
Jobaria tiguidensis Sereno et al. 1999
G. †Lapparentosaurus Bonaparte 1986
+
Unr. †Mamenchisauridae Chao 1965 [mamenchisaurid]
+
G. †Abrosaurus Ouyang 1989
+
Abrosaurus dongpoensis Ouyang 1989
G. †Analong Ren et al. 2021
+
Analong chuanjieensis Ren et al. 2021
G. †Anhuilong Ren et al. 2018
+
Anhuilong diboensis Ren et al. 2018
G. †Bellusaurus Dong 1990
+
Bellusaurus sui Dong 1990
G. †Chuanjiesaurus Fang et al. 2000
+
Chuanjiesaurus anaensis Fang et al. 2000
G. †Daanosaurus Ye et al. 2005
+
Daanosaurus zhangi Ye et al. 2005
G. †Eomamenchisaurus Lü et al. 2008
+
Eomamenchisaurus yuanmouensis Lü et al. 2008
G. †Huangshanlong Huang et al. 2014
+
Huangshanlong anhuiensis Huang et al. 2014
G. †Hudiesaurus Dong 1997
+
G. †Jingia Ren et al. 2024
+
Jingia dongxingensis Ren et al. 2024
G. †Klamelisaurus Zhao 1993
+
G. †Mamenchisaurus Young 1954
+
Mamenchisaurus anyuensis He et al. 1996
Mamenchisaurus jingyanensis Zhang et al. 1998
Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum Russell and Zheng 1994
Mamenchisaurus youngi Pi et al. 1996
G. †Omeisaurus Young 1939
+
Omeisaurus fuxiensis Dong et al. 1983
Omeisaurus jiaoi Jiang et al. 2011
Omeisaurus maoianus Tang et al. 2001
Omeisaurus puxiani Tan et al. 2020
Omeisaurus tianfuensis He et al. 1984
G. †Qijianglong Xing et al. 2015
+
Qijianglong guokr Xing et al. 2015
G. †Rhomaleopakhus Upchurch et al. 2021
+
Rhomaleopakhus turpanensis Upchurch et al. 2021
G. †Tienshanosaurus Young 1937
+
Invalid names: Tienshanosaurus chitaiensis Young 1937 [nomen dubium]
G. †Tonganosaurus Li et al. 2010
+
Tonganosaurus hei Li et al. 2010
G. †Wamweracaudia Mannion et al. 2019
+
Wamweracaudia keranjei Mannion et al. 2019
G. †Xinjiangtitan Wu et al. 2013
+
Xinjiangtitan shanshanesis Wu et al. 2013
G. †Yuanmousaurus Lü et al. 2006
+
Yuanmousaurus jiangyiensis Lü et al. 2006
G. †Zigongosaurus Hou et al. 1976
Invalid names: Omeisauridae Wilson 2002 [synonym]
G. †Nebulasaurus Xing et al. 2015
+
Nebulasaurus taito Xing et al. 2015
Unr. †Neosauropoda Bonaparte 1986
+
Unr. †Diplodocoidea Upchurch 1995
+
G. †Amphicoelias Cope 1877
Unr. †Diplodocimorpha Calvo and Salgado 1995
G. †Haplocanthosaurus Hatcher 1903
+
Invalid names: Haplocanthus Hatcher 1903 [synonym]
Invalid names: Cetiosaurus glymptonensis Phillips 1871 [nomen dubium], Rebbachisauroidea Apesteguía 2007 [synonym]
Unr. †Macronaria Sereno 1997
+
G. †Aragosaurus Sanz et al. 1987
G. †Atlasaurus Monbaron et al. 1999
Unr. †Camarasauromorpha Salgado et al. 1997
+
Invalid names: Brachiosauria Upchurch 1997 [synonym]
G. †Dashanpusaurus Peng et al. 2005
G. †Galveosaurus Sánchez-Hernández 2005
Unr. †Titanosauriformes Salgado et al. 1997
G. †Yuzhoulong Dai et al. 2022
Invalid names: Apatosaurus minimus Mook 1917 [nomen dubium], Astrodon Johnston 1859 [nomen dubium], Bothriospondylus robustus Owen 1875 [nomen dubium], Dinodocus Owen 1884 [nomen dubium], Dinodocus mackesoni Owen 1884 [nomen dubium], Titanomorpha Sereno 1997 [empty]
G. †Oobardjidama Salisbury et al. 2016
+
Oobardjidama foulkesi Salisbury et al. 2016
Superfm. †Titanosauroidea Upchurch 1995
+
Invalid names: Epachthosaurinae Salgado 2003 [empty]
Invalid names: Bothriospondylus Owen 1875 [nomen dubium], Bothriospondylus suffossus Owen 1875 [nomen dubium], Ischyrosaurus Hulke 1874 [nomen dubium], Ischyrosaurus manseli Lydekker 1888 [nomen dubium]
G. †Perijasaurus Rincón et al. 2022
+
Perijasaurus lapaz Rincón et al. 2022
G. †Rhoetosaurus Longman 1926
+
Rhoetosaurus brownei Longman 1926
G. †Shunosaurus Dong et al. 1983
+
Shunosaurus lii Dong et al. 1983
Unr. †Turiasauria Royo-Torres et al. 2006
+
G. †Losillasaurus Casanovas et al. 2001
+
Losillasaurus giganteus Casanovas et al. 2001
G. †Mierasaurus Royo-Torres et al. 2017
+
Mierasaurus bobyoungi Royo-Torres et al. 2017
G. †Moabosaurus Britt et al. 2017
+
Moabosaurus utahensis Britt et al. 2017
G. †Narindasaurus Royo-Torres et al. 2021
+
Narindasaurus thevenini Royo-Torres et al. 2021
G. †Tendaguria Bonaparte et al. 2000
+
Tendaguria tanzaniensis Bonaparte et al. 2000
G. †Turiasaurus Royo-Torres et al. 2006
+
Turiasaurus riodevensis Royo-Torres et al. 2006
G. †Zby Mateus et al. 2014
+
Zby atlanticus Mateus et al. 2014
Invalid names: Algoasaurus Broom 1904 [nomen dubium], Algoasaurus bauri Broom 1904 [nomen dubium], Bothriospondylus madagascariensis Lydekker 1895 [nomen dubium], Ornithopsis leedsi Hulke 1887 [nomen dubium], Ornithopsis leedsii Hulke 1887 [nomen dubium]
G. †Patagosaurus Bonaparte 1979
+
Patagosaurus fariasi Bonaparte 1979
G. †Spinophorosaurus Remes et al. 2009
+
Spinophorosaurus nigerensis Remes et al. 2009
G. †Tazoudasaurus Allain et al. 2004
+
Tazoudasaurus naimi Allain et al. 2004
G. †Volkheimeria Bonaparte 1979
+
Volkheimeria chubutensis Bonaparte 1979
Invalid names: Vulcanodontidae Cooper 1984 [empty]
Superfm. †Homalosauropodoidea Kuhn 1961
+
Invalid names: Amphicoeliidae Cope 1877 [empty], Huabeisauridae Pang and Cheng 2000 [empty]
G. †Isanosaurus Buffetaut et al. 2000
+
Isanosaurus attavipachi Buffetaut et al. 2000
G. †Kotasaurus Yadagiri 1988
+
Kotasaurus yamanpalliensis Yadagiri 1988
G. †Lamplughsaura Kutty et al. 2007
+
Lamplughsaura dharmaramensis Kutty et al. 2007
Unr. †Lessemsauridae Apaldetti et al. 2018
+
G. †Antetonitrus Yates and Kitching 2003
+
Antetonitrus ingenipes Yates and Kitching 2003
G. †Ingentia Apaldetti et al. 2018
+
Ingentia prima Apaldetti et al. 2018
G. †Lessemsaurus Bonaparte 1999
+
Lessemsaurus sauropoides Bonaparte 1999
G. †Megalobrontes Britt 1996
G. †Microdontosaurus Zhao 1983
+
G. †Microsaurops Kuhn 1964
+
Invalid names: Microsaurus Hatcher 1900 [replaced]
G. †Ohmdenosaurus Wild 1978
+
G. †Oplosaurus Gervais 1852
+
Oplosaurus armatus Gervais 1859
G. †Oshanosaurus Zhao 1985
+
Oshanosaurus youngi Zhao 1985
Fm. †Parabrontopodidae Apesteguía 2005
+
G. †Breviparopus Dutuit and Ouazzou 1980
+
Breviparopus taghbaloutensis Dutuit and Ouazzou 1980
G. †Parabrontopodus Lockley et al. 1995
+
Parabrontopodus barkhausensis Kaever and Lapparent 1974
Parabrontopodus distercii Meijide Fuentes et al. 2001
Parabrontopodus mcintoshi Lockley et al. 1995
Invalid names: Elephantopoides Kaever and Lapparent 1974 [synonym]
G. †Polyonyx Santos et al. 2009
+
Polyonyx gomesi Santos et al. 2009
G. †Pulanesaura McPhee et al. 2015
+
Pulanesaura eocollum McPhee et al. 2015
G. †Ravatichnus Gabuniya and Kurbatov 1988
+
Ravatichnus kotshnevi Gabuniya and Kurbatov 1988
G. †Sanpasaurus Young 1944
+
Sanpasaurus yaoi Young 1944
G. †Tapinosaurus Rabeck 1925
G. †Vulcanodon Raath 1972
+
Vulcanodon karibaensis Raath 1972
Invalid names: Acanthopholis platypus Seeley 1869 [nomen dubium], Aepisaurus Gervais 1852 [nomen dubium], Agustiniidae Bonaparte 1999 [empty], Allophagi Jaekel 1914 [synonym], Asiatosaurus Osborn 1924 [nomen dubium], Astrodon johnstoni Leidy 1865 [nomen dubium], Atlantosaurus Marsh 1877 [nomen dubium], Barosaurus affinis Marsh 1899 [nomen dubium], Blikanasauridae Galton and Van Heerden 1985 [empty], Bothriospondylidae Lydekker 1895 [empty], Bothriospondylus elongatus Owen 1875 [nomen dubium], Bothrosauropodidae Janensch 1929 [empty], Bothrosauropodoidea Kuhn 1961 [empty], Brachiosaurus nougaredi Lapparent 1960 [nomen dubium], Brontopodidae Apesteguía 2005 [empty], Brontosauridae Jaekel 1911 [empty], Bruhathkayosaurus Yadagiri and Ayyasami 1987 [nomen dubium], Campylodoniscus Kuhn 1961 [nomen dubium], Cetiosauria Seeley 1874 [synonym], Cetiosaurus epioolithicus Owen 1842 [nomen nudum], Cetiosaurus hypoolithicus Owen 1842 [nomen nudum], Cetiosaurus longus Owen 1842 [nomen dubium], Cetiosaurus medius Owen 1842 [nomen dubium], Chiayusaurus Bohlin 1953 [nomen dubium], Chondrosteosaurus Owen 1876 [nomen dubium], Chubutisauridae del Corro 1975 [empty], Clasmodosaurus Ameghino 1898 [nomen dubium], Clasmodosaurus spatula Ameghino 1898 [nomen dubium], Gigantosaurus Seeley 1869 [nomen dubium], Hamanosauripus Kim 1986 [nomen nudum], Haplocanthosauridae Bonaparte 1999 [empty], Herrerasauridae Van Heerden 1978 [empty], Homalosauropodidae Janensch 1929 [empty], Iguanodon praecursor Sauvage 1876 [nomen dubium], Koreanosauripus Kim 1986 [nomen nudum], Kunmingosaurus Zhao 1985 [nomen dubium], Lancanjiangosaurus Zhao 1985 [nomen nudum], Mamenchisauroidea Dong 1998 [empty], Mamenchisaurus fuxiensis Hou et al. 1976 [nomen dubium], Mamenchisaurus guangyuanensis Zhang 1981 [nomen dubium], Mamenchisaurus yunnanensis Fang et al. 2004 [nomen dubium], Morinosaurus Sauvage 1874 [nomen dubium], Morinosaurus priscus Sauvage 1874 [nomen dubium], Morosauridae Marsh 1882 [empty], Neosodon de la Moussaye 1884 [nomen dubium], Nurosaurus Dong 1992 [nomen nudum], Opisthocoelia Owen 1859 [synonym], Ornithopsidae Lydekker 1887 [empty], Pleurocoelus altus Marsh 1888 [nomen dubium], Pleurocoelus nanus Marsh 1888 [nomen dubium], Pleurocoelus valdensis Lydekker 1889 [nomen dubium], Qinlingosaurus Xie et al. 1996 [nomen dubium], Rotundichnus Hendricks 1981 [nomen dubium], Tendaguriidae Bonaparte et al. 2000 [empty], Titanosaurus lydekkeri Huene 1929 [nomen dubium], Titanosaurus montanus Marsh 1877 [nomen dubium], Ultrasaurus Kim 1981 [nomen dubium], Zizhongosaurus Dong et al. 1983 [nomen dubium]
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
K. A. v. Zittel 1890Zwischenkiefer bezahnt. Zähne spateiförmig, am Vorder- und Hinterrand zugeschärft, aber nicht gekerbt. Nasenlöcher
verlängert. Vor den Augenhöhlen eine grosse präorbitale Oeffnung. Hals- und vordere Rückenwirbel opisthocöl, die übrigen amphicöl oder platycöl. Centra der Rücken-, zuweilen auch der Sacralwirbel mit seitlichen Hohlräumen. Extremitätenknochen massiv. Femur ohne vorspringenden inneren Trochanter. Vorderbeine wenig kürzer als Hinterbeine. Alle vier Füsse plantigrad, fünfzehig. Schambein massig lang, breit, distal knorpelig verbunden. Postpubis fehlt.
H. Gadow 1898Pubes simple, with symphysis. Premaxilla with teeth. Fore- and hind-limbs pentadactyle, plantigrade.
H. Gadow 1901Pubes simple, with symphysis. Premaxillae with teeth. Plantigrade.
B. F. Nopcsa 1901Kis fogak, postorbitale hiányik, intermaxillare fogakkal, nagy praeorbitalis nyilás. A nyak és hátcsigolyák opistocölek, a többiek platycölek. A csigolyatcstek, néha a sacrum is, üresek vagy cavernösek; a hosszú csontok tömörek. Femur kiálló belsö trochanter nélkül. A mellsö lábak valamivel rövidebbek, mint a hátulsók. Plantigrad lábuk 5 ujju. Pubis hosszukás, széles, távolabbi végei porczosan összekötve. Postpubis nincs. (Zittel szerint.)

[Small teeth, postorbital missing, intermaxillary teeth, large preorbital opening. The neck and back vertebrae are opistocoelous, the others are platycoelous. The vertebrae, sometimes the sacrum, are empty or cavernous; the long bones are solid. Femur without protruding internal trochanter. The forelegs are slightly shorter than the hind legs. Their feet plantigrade, 5 toes. Pubis elongated, broad, distal ends cartilaginously connected. There is no post-pubis. (According to Zittel.)]
R. S. Lull 1924Amphibious, plant-feeding dinosaurs, with relatively very small head, bearing one, rarely two, preorbital fenestrae; jaws partially or wholly beset with spatulate or styliform teeth; most of presacral vertebrae opisthocoelous, posterior dorsals and caudals being as a rule amphicoelous or amphiplatyan, rarely procoelous; vertebrae generally cavernous or with lateral cavities, pleurocoeles, in central; neural canal greatly enlarged in sacrum, somewhat as in Stegosaurus (see below); limb bones massive, probably without medullary cavity; fore limbs generally shorter, but sometimes fully equaling or even exceeding hind in length; feet semi-plantigrade, five-toed, but with reduced phalanges on external side; unguals strongly compressed, but massive.
B. F. Nopcsa 1928omnivorous; quadrupedal; cervical and dorsal vertebrae opisthocoelous and with plate-like buttresses; os penis present.
E. Perrier 1928Taille très grande; cou et tête très allongés; tête extrêmement petite ; prémaxillaires dentés; membres dressés; pieds petits, plantigrades; un pubis simple avec symphyse. Marchaient probablement dans la brousse épaisse, où ils devaient, à l'aide de leur cou, se frayer un passage, la queue traînant à terre. — Du Jurassique supérieur au Crétacé supérieur. Herbivores.
F. v. Huene 1948Secondarily quadrupedal animals; solid structure of leg bones; cavernous vertebrae; small skull; elongated neck, shortened body; manus digitigrade, pes semiplantigrade; lower leg shortened; strong and long tail, often with whip-like end. Short temporal region in skull; orbit in high position; enlarged nasal openings in backward position, preorbit large; teeh spatulate or bolt-like; complicated laminar structure of vertebrae; cervicals much elongated; shoulder girdle shifted backward; two large sternal plates; ilium with large anterior and without posterior process. Large animals. Lower Jurassic to Upper Cretaceous.
J. F. Bonaparte 1978Jurásico y Cretácico; hábitos cuadrupedales, formas gigantescas, herbívoros.
Measurements
partNmean
proximal femur circumference1600.0

Composition: hydroxyapatiteinfrao
Entire body: yesinfrao
Adult length: 10 to < 100infrao
Adult width: 10 to < 100infrao
Adult height: 10 to < 100infrao
Maximum body mass: 100000 kgg
Minimum body mass: 300 kgg
Thickness: thickinfrao
Architecture: compact or denseinfrao
Form: sphericalinfrao
Ontogeny: accretion, modification of partsinfrao
Grouping: gregariousinfrao
Environment: terrestrialinfrao
Locomotion: actively mobileinfrao
Life habit: ground dwellinginfrao
Diet: herbivoreinfrao
Reproduction: oviparousinfrao
Dispersal: direct/internalinfrao
Dispersal 2: mobileinfrao
Created: 2004-12-14 12:49:10
Modified: 2004-12-14 14:49:10
Source: g = genus, infrao = infraorder
References: Peczkis 1995, Marsh 1875

Age range: base of the Norian to the top of the Lancian or 228.00000 to 66.00000 Ma

Collections (2692 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Norian228.0 - 208.5Argentina (La Rioja) Lessemsaurus sauropoides (56156) Sauropoda indet. (32325)
Norian228.0 - 208.5Argentina (San Juan) Ingentia prima (176414)
Norian228.0 - 208.5France (Languedoc-Roussillon) Sauropoda indet. (58623 58624)
Norian - Rhaetian228.0 - 201.3Thailand (Chaiyaphum) Sauropoda indet. (48873)
Norian - Early/Lower Jurassic228.0 - 174.7Madagascar (Toliara) Sauropoda indet. (96326)
Rhaetian208.5 - 201.3Belgium (Gaume) Eusauropoda indet. (68882)
Early/Lower Jurassic201.4 - 174.7China (Sichuan) Brontopodus sp. (180464) Sauropoda indet. (182653) Tonganosaurus hei (74735)
Early/Lower Jurassic201.4 - 174.7Morocco (Khénifra) Eusauropoda indet. (191928)
Early/Lower Jurassic201.4 - 174.7China (Chongqing Municipality) Sauropoda indet. (60500)
Early/Lower Jurassic201.4 - 174.7China (Gansu) Sauropoda indet. (131876 131878)

Youngest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state PBDB collection number
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0USA (New Mexico) Alamosaurus sanjuanensis (47815 47819 54103 97795 117451 121580 121581 138834 138836 171027 179272 194978) Sauropoda indet. (46992 56045) Titanosauridae indet. (56013 59068)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0India (Gujarat) Sauropoda indet. (60170)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0India (Maharashtra) Sauropoda indet. (58102)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Brazil (São Paulo) Titanosauridae indet. (32323) Titanosauridae indet., Aeolosaurus sp. (83263)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Morocco (Fes-Boulmane) Megaloolithus maghrebiensis, Pseudomegaloolithus atlasi (206442)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0India (Tamil Nadu) Camarasauridae indet. (71480) Sauropoda indet. (191078) Sauropoda indet., Bruhathkayosaurus matleyi (59877) Titanosauridae indet. (53922)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Romania (Cluj) Sauropoda indet. (93730)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Pakistan (Punjab) Dgkhansaurus maarri (220202)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Ecuador (Loja) Yamanasaurus lojaensis (206833)
Late/Upper Maastrichtian70.6 - 66.0Russian Federation (Amur) Arkharavia heterocoelica (38134)