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Actinopteri

Actinopteri

Taxonomy
Actinopteri was named by Cope (1871). It is extant.

It was reranked as the superorder Actinopterygia by Cope (1887); it was reranked as the superorder Actinopteri by Hay (1902); it was replaced with Actinopterygii by Goodrich (1930); it was reranked as the unranked clade Actinopteri by Patterson (1983); it was reranked as the infraclass Actinopteri by Grande et al. (2002) and Grande and Hilton (2006); it was reranked as the class Actinopteri by Betancur et al. (2013).

It was assigned to Teleostomi by Cope (1887); to Teleostomi by Hay (1902); to Pisces by Cope (1871) and Jordan (1963); to Actinopterygii by Patterson (1983) and Cartanyà (1999); to Actinopterygii by Grande et al. (2002) and Grande and Hilton (2006); and to Actinopterygii by Betancur et al. (2013).

Synonyms
  • Palaeophoxinus was named by Coates (1988). It is not extant.

    It was considered a nomen nudum by Clark (1988).
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1871Actinopteri Cope p. 449
1887Actinopterygia Cope p. 1017
1902Actinopteri Hay p. 364
1963Actinopteri Jordan p. 611
1983Actinopteri Patterson
1988Palaeophoxinus Coates
1999Actinopteri Cartanyà p. 540
2002Actinopteri Grande et al.
2006Actinopteri Grande and Hilton p. 5
2013Actinopteri Betancur et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
RankNameAuthor
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
superclassActinopterygii()
classActinopteri()
classActinopteri()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Cl. Actinopteri Cope 1871
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G. †Anaglyphus Rzehak 1881
+
Invalid names: Anaglyphus insignis Rzehak 1881 [nomen nudum]
G. †Angatubichthys De Figueriredo and Carvalho 2004
+
†Angatubichthys mendesi De Figueriredo and Carvalho 2004
G. †Bethesdaichthys Bender 2001
+
G. †Blourugia Bender 2006
+
†Blourugia seeleyi Woodward 1893
G. †Frederichthys Coates 1993
+
G. †Kompasia Bender 2002
+
†Kompasia delaharpei Bender 2002
G. †Lanarkichthys Elliott 2018
+
†Lanarkichthys gardineri Elliott 2018
G. †Limnomis Daeschler 2000
+
†Limnomis delaneyi Daeschler 2000
G. †Melanecta Coates 1998
+
†Melanecta anneae Coates 1998
Or. †Merospondyli Cope 1887
+
Invalid names: Sphaerodontidae [empty]
G. †Moythomasia Gross 1950
+
†Moythomasia antiqua Gross 1953
†Moythomasia devonica Clarke 1885
†Moythomasia durgaringa Gardiner and Bartram 1977
†Moythomasia laevigata Gross 1953
†Moythomasia lineata Choo 2015
†Moythomasia nitida Gross 1953
†Moythomasia perforata Gross 1942
†Moythomasia striata Gross 1953
Invalid names: Aldingeria Gross 1942 [replaced]
Subcl. Neopterygii Regan 1923
+
G. †Ducanichthys Bürgin et al. 1991
+
†Ducanichthys aculeatus Bürgin et al. 1991
G. †Frodoichthys Sun et al. 2016
+
†Frodoichthys luopingensis Sun et al. 2016
Fm. †Gebrayelichthyidae Nursall and Capasso 2004
+
G. †Gebrayelichthys Nursall and Capasso 2004
+
†Gebrayelichthys uyenoi Nursall and Capasso 2004
†Gebrayelichthys vexillarius Nursall and Capasso 2004
G. †Gimlichthys Sun et al. 2016
+
†Gimlichthys dawaziensis Sun et al. 2016
Infracl. Holostei Müller 1846
+
Or. Amiiformes Hay 1929 [bowfin]
+
G. †Ainia Jordan 1918
Fm. Amiidae Huxley 1861
+
G. Amia Linnaeus 1766 [bowfin]
+
Invalid names: Amiatus Rafinesque 1815 [synonym]
Subfm. Amiinae Bonaparte 1837
Subfm. †Amiopsinae Grande and Bemis 1998
G. †Guizhouamia Liu et al. 2002
G. †Lehmanamia Casier 1966
G. †Liodesmus Wagner 1859
G. †Nipponamia Yabumoto 1994
G. †Protamia Leidy 1873
Subfm. †Solnhofenamiinae Grande and Bemis 1998
Subfm. †Vidalamiinae Grande and Bemis 1998
Invalid names: Amiatidae Jordan 1923 [synonym], Paleamia Jonet 1981 [nomen dubium]
Superfm. †Amioidea Bonaparte 1838
+
Fm. †Paracentrophoridae Obruchev 1964
Fm. †Promecosominidae Wade 1941
G. †Tomognathus Agassiz 1850
Subor. Amioidei
+
Invalid names: Liodesmidae [empty]
Fm. Caturidae Owen 1860
+
G. †Caturus Agassiz 1834
+
Invalid names: Conodus Agassiz 1843 [synonym], Ditaxiodus Owen 1866 [synonym], Endactis Egerton 1858 [synonym], Strobilodus Wagner 1851 [synonym], Thlattodus Owen 1866 [synonym], Uraeus Agassiz 1832 [replaced]
G. †Kahamachli Malkani 2019
Superfm. †Caturoidea Owen 1860
+
G. †Gymnoichthys Tintori et al. 2010
G. †Eusemius Vetter 1881
G. †Ionoscopus Costa 1853
+
†Ionoscopus petrarojae Costa 1853
G. †Otomitla Felix 1891
Fm. †Palaeolabridae Estes 1969
+
G. †Palaeolabrus Casier 1967
Fm. †Dapediidae Cope 1877
+
G. †Dandya White and Moy-Thomas 1941
+
†Dandya ovalis Gorjanovic-Kramberger 1905
G. †Dapedium Leach 1822
+
†Dapedium angulifer Agassiz 1835
+
Invalid names: Tetragonolepis traillii Agassiz 1832 [synonym]
†Dapedium ballei Maxwell and López-Arbarello 2018
†Dapedium caelatum Quenstedt 1858
†Dapedium colei Agassiz 1835
†Dapedium dorsalis Agassiz 1835
†Dapedium granulatum Agassiz 1835
+
Invalid names: Dapedius cycloides Deecke 1888 [synonym]
†Dapedium magnevillei Agassiz 1833
†Dapedium milloti Sauvage 1891
†Dapedium noricum Tintori 1983
†Dapedium orbis Agassiz 1836
†Dapedium pholidotum Agassiz 1832
†Dapedium politum Leach 1822
†Dapedium punctatum Agassiz 1835
†Dapedium radiatum Agassiz 1836
†Dapedium stollorum Thies and Hauff 2011
†Dapedius caelatus Quenstedt 1858
†Dapedius costai Bassani 1892
+
Invalid names: Omalopleurus speciosus Costa 1862 [synonym]
†Dapedius inornatus Henry 1876
†Dapedius pholidotus Agassiz 1832
†Dapedius punctatus Agassiz 1835
Invalid names: Aechmodus Egerton 1845 [synonym], Amblyurus Agassiz 1836 [synonym], Omalopleurus Costa 1862 [synonym]
G. †Scopulipiscis Latimer and Giles 2018
+
†Scopulipiscis saxciput Latimer and Giles 2018
Fm. †Gigantodontidae Weiler 1935
+
G. †Stromerichthys Weiler 1935
+
Unr. Ginglymodi Cope 1871
+
Or. †Kyphosichthyiformes Sun and Ni 2017
+
Fm. †Kyphosichthyidae Sun and Ni 2017
Fm. †Lashanichthyidae Xu et al. 2019
Or. Lepisosteiformes Hay 1929 [gar]
+
G. †Isanichthys Cavin and Suteethorn 2006
G. †Lanxangichthys Cavin et al. 2019
G. †Lepidotes Agassiz 1832
+
Invalid names: Plesiodus Wagner 1863 [synonym], Prolepidotus Michael 1893 [synonym], Scrobodus Munster [synonym]
G. †Scheenstia López-Arbarello and Sfercoa 2009
G. †Sheenstia López-Arbarello and Sferco 2011
+
G. †Enchelyolepis Woodward 1918
G. †Uarbryichthys Wade 1941
G. †Voelklichthys Arratia and Schultze 2012
G. †Neosemionotus Bocchino 1973
+
†Neosemionotus puntanus López-Arbarello and Codorniú 2007
Or. †Semionotiformes Arambourg and Bertin 1958
+
G. †Alleiolepis Heller 1953
G. †Allelepidotus Fric 1906
G. †Aphelolepis Heller 1953
Fm. †Callipurbeckiidae López-Arbarello 2012
G. †Corunegenys Wade 1942
G. †Enigmatichthys Wade 1935
G. †Heterostrophus Wagner 1859
G. †Lophionotus Gibson 2013
Fm. †Macrosemiidae Thiollière 1858
+
Invalid names: Eosemionotidae Bürgin et al. 1991 [synonym]
G. †Orthurus Kner 1866
G. †Pericentrophorus Jorg 1969
G. †Plesiolepidotus Schlosser 1923
G. †Prionopleurus Fischer de Waldheim 1852
Fm. †Semionotidae Woodward 1890
+
Invalid names: Lepidotidae Owen 1860 [synonym]
Subor. †Semionotoidei
G. †Serrolepis Quenstedt 1852
G. †Sinosemionotus Yuan and Koh 1936
Fm. †Tungusichthyidae Berg 1941
Invalid names: Dapediiformes [empty], Neoginglymodi López-Arbarello and Sferco 2018 [empty]
G. †Holcodon Gorjanović-Kramberger 1882
+
†Holcodon lesinaensis Kramberger 1881
+
Invalid names: Holcodon lobopterygius Kramberger 1881 [synonym]
†Holcodon lycodon Kner 1867
+
Invalid names: Solenodon neocomiensis Kramberger 1881 [synonym]
Invalid names: Solenodon Kramberger 1881 [replaced]
Superfm. †Pholidophoroidea
+
Fm. †Protelopidae Saint-Seine 1949
+
G. †Eoprotelops Saint-Seine 1949
G. †Sangiorgioichthys Tintori and Lombardo 2007
+
†Sangiorgioichthys aldae Tintori and Lombardo 2007
†Sangiorgioichthys valmarensis Lombardo et al. 2012
G. †Ticinolepis López-Arbarello et al. 2016
+
†Ticinolepis crassidens López-Arbarello et al. 2016
†Ticinolepis longaeva López-Arbarello et al. 2016
Invalid names: Aspidorhynchoidea [empty], Chilingosaurus chingshankouensis Young 1961 [nomen dubium], Pycnodontoidea [empty], Semionotoidea [empty]
Or. †Louwoichthyiformes Xu 2020
+
Fm. †Louwoichthyidae Xu 2020
+
G. †Ctenognathichthys Bürgin 1992
+
†Ctenognathichthys bellottii de Alessandri 1910
†Ctenognathichthys hattichi Bürgin and Herzog 2002
G. †Louwoichthys Xu 2020
+
G. †Luopingichthys Sun et al. 2009
+
†Luopingichthys bergi Sun et al. 2009
Fm. †Peltoperleididae Xu 2021
+
G. †Peltoperleidus Bürgin et al. 1991
+
†Peltoperleidus ducanensis Bürgin et al. 1991
†Peltoperleidus obristi Herzog 2001
†Peltoperleidus triseries Bürgin 1992
Fm. †Pseudobeaconiidae López-Arbarello and Zavattieri 2008
+
G. †Pseudobeaconia Bordas 1944
+
†Pseudobeaconia celestae López-Arbarello and Zavattieri 2008
†Pseudobeaconia cuyana Bordas 1944
†Pseudobeaconia elegans Bordas 1944
Invalid names: Amblypterus lujanensis Rusconi 1949 [nomen dubium], Anatoia debilis Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Anatoia semiovata Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Caminchaia draghii Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Echentaia obesa Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Pasambaya tellecheai Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium]
+
+
G. †Altisolepis Mutter and Herzog 2004
+
†Altisolepis bellipinnis Bürgin 1992
†Altisolepis elongignathus Bürgin 1992
†Altisolepis sinensis Sun et al. 2015
G. †Cephaloxenus Brough 1939
+
†Cephaloxenus macropterus Brough 1939
+
†Nannolepis elegans Griffith 1977
G. †Peltopleurus Kner 1866
+
†Peltopleurus dirumptus Griffith 1977
†Peltopleurus dubius Woodward 1890
†Peltopleurus humilis Kner 1867
†Peltopleurus kneri Woodward 1895
†Peltopleurus nitidus Xu and Ma 2016
†Peltopleurus nuptialis Lombardo 1999
†Peltopleurus rugosus Brough 1939
†Peltopleurus tyrannos Xu et al. 2018
G. †Platysiagum Woodward 1895
+
†Platysiagum minus Brough 1939
†Platysiagum sclerocephalum Woodward 1895
Superfm. †Thoracopteroidea Griffith 1977
+
Fm. †Thoracopteridae Griffith 1977
+
G. †Gigantopterus Abel 1906
G. †Italopterus Shen and Arratia 2022
G. †Moradebrichthys Cartanyà et al. 2019
G. †Potanichthys Xu et al. 2012
G. †Thoracopterus Bronn 1858
+
Invalid names: Pterygopterus Kner 1867 [synonym]
Fm. †Wushaichthyidae Shen and Arratia 2022
+
G. †Peripeltopleurus Bürgin 1992
G. †Wushaichthys Xu et al. 2015
Or. †Perleidiformes Berg 1937
+
G. †Anatoia
G. †Boreichthys Selezneva 1982
G. †Caminchaia López-Arbarello et al. 2010
G. †Cenechoia López-Arbarello et al. 2010
G. †Chrotichthys Wade 1940
Fm. †Cleithrolepidae Wade 1935
+
G. †Cleithrolepidina Berg 1940
+
†Cleithrolepidina minor Broom 1913
G. †Cleithrolepis Egerton 1864
+
†Cleithrolepis altus Woodward 1890
†Cleithrolepis extoni Woodward 1888
†Cleithrolepis granulatus Egerton 1864
G. †Hydropessum Broom 1913
+
Fm. †Colobodontidae Stensiö 1916
+
G. †Chaohuperleidus Sun et al. 2013
+
†Chaohuperleidus primus Sun et al. 2013
G. †Colobodus Agassiz 1843
+
†Colobodus baii Sun et al. 2008
†Colobodus bassani de Alessandri 1910
†Colobodus bassanii de Alessandri 1910
†Colobodus bronni Münster 1841
†Colobodus chorzowiensis von Meyer 1847
†Colobodus damesi Waagen 1895
†Colobodus frequens Dames 1888
†Colobodus giganteus Beltan 1972
†Colobodus gogolinensis Kunisch 1885
†Colobodus hogardi Agassiz 1843
†Colobodus koenigi Stolley 1919
†Colobodus latus Agassiz 1833
+
Invalid names: Dapedius altivelis Agassiz 1832 [synonym], Lepidotus ragazzoni de Zigno 1891 [synonym]
†Colobodus maximus Dames 1888
†Colobodus milium Henry 1876
†Colobodus triasicus Bassani 1886
†Colobodus varius Giebel 1848
†Colobodus wushaensis Li et al. 2019
Invalid names: Asterodon Münster 1841 [synonym]
G. †Feroxichthys Xu 2020
+
†Feroxichthys panzhouensis Ma et al. 2021
G. †Procheirichthys Wade 1935
G. †Crenolepis Carus 1888
G. †Daninia Lombardo 2001
+
†Daninia spinosa Lombardo 2001
G. †Dollopterus Abel 1906
+
†Dollopterus brunsvicensis Stolley 1919
†Dollopterus subserratus Stolley 1919
†Dollopterus volitans Compter 1891
Invalid names: Dolichopterus Compter 1891 [replaced]
G. †Echentaia López-Arbarello et al. 2010
Fm. †Fuyuanperleididae Sun et al. 2012
+
G. †Fuyuanperleidus Geng et al. 2012
+
†Fuyuanperleidus dengi Geng et al. 2012
Fm. †Gabanellidae Tintori and Lombardo 1996
+
G. †Gabanellia Tintori and Lombardo 1996
+
†Gabanellia agilis Tintori and Lombardo 1996
Fm. †Habroichthyidae Gardiner 1967
+
G. †Habroichthys Brough 1939
+
†Habroichthys broughi Lin et al. 2011
†Habroichthys dolomiticus Tintori et al. 2016
†Habroichthys gregarius Griffith 1977
†Habroichthys griffithi Bürgin 1992
†Habroichthys minimus Brough 1939
G. †Manlietta Wade 1935
G. †Mendocinichthys Whitley 1953
+
†Mendocinichthys brevis Bordas 1944
G. †Pasambaya López-Arbarello et al. 2010
Fm. †Perleididae Brough 1931
+
G. †Aetheodontus Brough 1939
+
†Aetheodontus besanensis Brough 1939
G. †Alvinia Sytchevskaya 1999
+
†Alvinia serrata Sytchevskaya 1999
G. †Diandongperleidus Geng et al. 2012
+
†Diandongperleidus denticulatus Geng et al. 2012
G. †Dipteronotus Egerton 1854
+
†Dipteronotus cyphus Egerton 1854
†Dipteronotus gibbosus Martin 1980
†Dipteronotus olgiatii Tintori 1990
†Dipteronotus ornatus Bürgin 1992
G. †Endennia Lombardo and Brambillasca 2005
+
†Endennia licia Lombardo and Brambillasca 2005
G. †Eoperleidus Sytchevskaya 1999
+
†Eoperleidus bergi Sytchevskaya and Yakovlev 1999
G. †Luopingperleidus Geng et al. 2012
+
†Luopingperleidus sui Geng et al. 2012
G. †Megaperleidus Sytchevskaya 1999
+
†Megaperleidus lissolepis Sytchevskaya 1999
G. †Meidiichthys Brough 1931
+
†Meidiichthys browni Brough 1931
G. †Mendocinia Bordas 1944
G. †Meridensia Andersson 1916
+
†Meridensia meridensis de Alessandri 1910
+
Invalid names: Meridensia gibba Brough 1939 [synonym]
G. †Paraperleidus Zhao and Lu 2007
+
†Paraperleidus changxingensis Zhao and Lu 2007
G. †Perleidus de Alessandri 1910
+
†Perleidus altolepis Deecke 1889
+
Invalid names: Lepidotus serratus Bellotti 1857 [replaced]
†Perleidus sinensis Lombardo et al. 2011
Invalid names: Dimorpholepis Teixeira 1947 [synonym]
G. †Plesioperleidus Su and Li 1983
+
†Plesioperleidus dayeensis Su and Li 1983
+
Invalid names: Zhangina cylindrica Liu 2002 [synonym]
Invalid names: Zhangina Liu 2002 [synonym]
G. †Teffichthys Marramà et al. 2017
+
†Teffichthys elegans Yuan et al. 2022
†Teffichthys lehmani Schaeffer 1990
†Teffichthys lutoensis Teixeira 1947
+
Invalid names: Perleidus piveteaui Lehman 1952 [synonym]
†Teffichthys stoschiensis Stensiö 1932
†Teffichthys woodwardi Stensiö 1921
+
Invalid names: Colobodus altilepis Woodward 1912 [replaced]
Fm. †Platysiagidae Brough 1939
+
G. †Helmolepis Stensiö 1932
+
†Helmolepis cyphognathus Neuman and Mutter 2005
†Helmolepis gracilis Stensiö 1932
†Helmolepis manis Mutter 2005
Fm. †Polzbergiidae Griffith 1977
+
G. †Felberia Lombardo and Tintori 2004
+
†Felberia carnica Lombardo and Tintori 2004
†Felberia excelsa Lombardo and Tintori 2004
+
†Polzbergia brochatus Griffith 1977
G. †Stoppania Lombardo et al. 2008
+
†Stoppania gaetanii Lombardo et al. 2008
†Stoppania ornata Bürgin 1992
G. †Tripelta Wade 1940
G. †Zeuchthiscus Wade 1940
Invalid names: Cephaloxenidae [empty], Cleiothrolepididae Wade 1935 [empty], Polzbergiiformes Griffith 1977 [synonym]
G. †Placopleurus Brough 1939
+
†Placopleurus besanensis Bassani 1886
+
Invalid names: Placopleurus primus Brough 1939 [synonym]
†Placopleurus comptus Xu and Zhao 2016
Invalid names: Venusichthys Xu and Zhao 2016 [synonym]
G. †Plesiofuro Su 1993
+
Or. †Pycnodontiformes Berg 1937
+
G. †Acrorhinichthys Taverne and Capasso 2015
+
†Acrorhinichthys poyatoi Taverne and Capasso 2015
G. †Akromystax Poyato-Ariza and Wenz 2005
+
†Akromystax tilmachiton Poyato-Ariza and Wenz 2005
G. †Arcodonichthys Poyato-Ariza and Bermúdez-Rochas 2007
+
†Arcodonichthys pasiegae Poyato-Ariza and Bermúdez-Rochas 2007
Superfm. †Coccodontoidea Berg 1940
+
Fm. †Coccodontidae Berg 1940
+
G. †Hensodon Kriwet 2004
Fm. †Gladiopycnodontidae Taverne and Capasso 2013
+
G. †Gladiopycnodus Taverne and Capasso 2013
G. †Joinvillichthys Taverne and Capasso 2014
G. †Monocerichthys Taverne and Capasso 2013
G. †Pankowskichthys Taverne and Capasso 2014
G. †Rostropycnodus Taverne and Capasso 2013
G. †Grimmenodon Stumpf et al. 2017
+
†Grimmenodon aureum Stumpf et al. 2017
Subor. Gyrodontoidei Nursall 1996
+
Fm. Gyrodontidae Berg 1940
+
G. †Gyrodus Agassiz 1833
Fm. †Mesturidae Nursall 1996
+
G. †Arduafrons Frickhinger 1991
G. †Mesturus Wagner 1862
G. †Micropycnodon Hibbard and Graffham 1945
G. †Paramesturus Taverne 1981
G. †Gyronchus Agassiz 1839
+
†Gyronchus oblongus Agassiz 1839
G. †Paramicrodon Thurmond 1974
+
†Paramicrodon estesi Thurmond 1974
G. †Phacodus Dixon 1850
+
†Phacodus irregularis Cope 1869
†Phacodus punctatus Dixon 1850
+
Invalid names: Phacodus sergipensis Santos and Figueiredo 1988 [synonym]
+
Fm. †Brembodontidae Tintori 1981
+
G. †Brembodus Tintori 1981
G. †Gibbodon Tintori 1981
G. †Eomesodon Woodward 1918
+
†Eomesodon hoeferi Gorjanovic-Kramberger 1905
Fm. †Pycnodontidae Agassiz 1833
+
G. †Abdobalistum Poyato-Ariza and Wenz 2002
G. †Acrotemnus Agassiz 1837
+
Invalid names: Macropycnodon Shimada et al. 2010 [synonym]
G. †Agoultpycnodus Taverne and Capasso 2021
G. †Anomoeodus Forir 1887
G. †Athrodon Sauvage 1880
G. †Brauccipycnodus Taverne and Capasso 2021
G. †Callodus Thurmond 1974
G. †Coccodus Pictet 1850
G. †Coelodus Haeckel
+
Invalid names: Anomiophthalmus Costa 1856 [synonym], Glossodus Costa 1856 [synonym]
G. †Costapycnodus Taverne et al. 2019
G. †Flagellipinna Cawley and Kriwet 2019
G. †Gregoriopycnodus Taverne et al. 2020
G. †Hadrodus Leidy 1857
G. †Haqelpycnodus Taverne and Capasso 2018
G. †Iemanja Wenz 1989
G. †Macromesodon Blake 1905
G. †Neoproscinetes De Figueiredo and Silva Santos 1990
G. †Njoerdichthys Cawley et al. 2020
G. †Nonaphalagodus Thurmond 1974
Subfm. †Nursalliinae Blot 1987
G. †Omphalodus von Meyer 1847
G. †Polypsephis Hay 1899
+
Invalid names: Microdon Agassiz 1833 [replaced]
G. †Proscincetes Gistel 1848
G. †Proscinetes Gistel 1848
Subfm. †Pycnodontinae Agassiz 1833
G. †Pycnodus Agassiz 1833
G. †Pycnomicrodon Hay 1916
G. †Rhinopycnodus Taverne and Capasso 2013
G. †Sphaerodus Agassiz 1833
G. †Typodus Quenstedt 1858
+
Invalid names: Mesodon Wagner 1851 [replaced]
G. †Xenopholis Davis 1887
G. †Tibetodus
G. †Uranoplosus Sauvage 1879
+
†Uranoplosus arctatus Cope 1894
†Uranoplosus cotteaui Sauvage 1897
Or. †Scanilepiformes Sytchevskaya 1999
+
G. †Beishanichthys Xu and Gao 2011
+
†Beishanichthys brevicaudalis Xu and Gao 2011
Fm. †Evenkiidae Selezneva 1985
+
G. †Evenkia Berg 1941
+
†Evenkia eunotoptera Berg 1941
G. †Oshiaichthys Schultze et al. 2021
+
†Oshiaichthys ferganica Schultze et al. 2021
+
Invalid names: Oshia ferganica Sytchevskaya 1999 [replaced]
Invalid names: Oshia Sytchevskaya 1999 [replaced]
G. †Toyemia Minikh 1990
+
†Toyemia blumentalis Minikh 1995
†Toyemia tverdochlebovi Minikh 1990
Unr. Teleosteomorpha Arratia et al. 2004
+
Unr. †Aspidorhynchei Nelson et al. 2016
+
Or. †Pachycormiformes Berg 1940
+
G. †Ascalobos
G. †Clupavus
G. †Domeykos
+
Invalid names: Megalopterus Kner 1866 [replaced]
G. †Hengnania
G. †Koonwarria Waldman 1971
G. †Oreochima
Fm. †Pachycormidae Woodward 1895
+
Invalid names: Protosphyraenidae Cope 1892 [synonym]
G. †Prymnetes
G. †Seefeldia
G. †Wadeichthys Waldman 1971
Or. †Aspidorhynchiformes Bleeker 1859
+
Fm. †Aspidorhynchidae Bleeker 1859
+
G. †Aspidorhynchus Agassiz 1833
G. †Belonostomus Agassiz 1834
+
Invalid names: Diphyodus Lambe 1902 [synonym]
G. †Richmondichthys Bartholomai 2004
G. †Vinctifer
G. †Atacamichthys Arratia and Schultze 1987
+
†Atacamichthys greeni Arratia and Schultze 1987
G. †Pseudovinctifer Arratia 2015
+
†Pseudovinctifer chilensis Arratia 2015
Fm. †Barschichthyidae Arratia and Schultze 2024
+
G. †Barschichthys Arratia and Schultze 2024
+
†Barschichthys ruedersdorfensis Arratia and Schultze 2024
Fm. †Marcopoloichthyidae Tintori et al. 2008
+
G. †Marcopoloichthys Tintori et al. 2008
+
†Marcopoloichthys andreetti Tintori et al. 2008
†Marcopoloichthys ani Tintori et al. 2008
†Marcopoloichthys faccii Gortani 1907
†Marcopoloichthys furreri Arratia 2022
†Marcopoloichthys mirigioliensis Arratia et al. 2024
Or. †Prohaleciteiformes Arratia 2017
+
Fm. †Prohaleciteidae Arratia 2017
+
G. †Ruedersdorfia Arratia and Schultze 2024
+
†Ruedersdorfia berlinensis Arratia and Schultze 2024
Unr. Teleostei Müller 1846
+
+
Subor. †Cycloidei Owen 1859
Invalid names: Ctenoidei Owen 1859 [empty]
G. †Acregoliath Richter 1989
+
†Acregoliath rancii Richter 1989
+
Fm. †Araripichthyidae Santos 1983
G. †Asiatolepis Takai 1943
+
†Asiatolepis sankeyushuensis Ma and Sun 1988
Fm. †Chongichthyidae Arratia 1982
+
G. †Chongichthys Arratia 1982
+
Invalid names: Priscacaridae [empty]
Or. †Crossognathiformes Taverne 1989
+
G. †Bavarichthys Arratia and Tischlinger 2010
Subor. †Crossognathoidei Taverne 1989
G. †Luxilites
Subor. †Pachyrhizodontoidei Forey 1977
+
Invalid names: Opisthomyzonidae [empty]
Or. †Dorsetichthyiformes Nelson et al. 2016
+
Fm. †Dorsetichthyidae Nelson et al. 2016
Unr. Euteleosteii Greenwood et al. 1967
+
G. †Gaudryella Patterson 1970
Invalid names: Ateleopodomorpha [empty], Cyclosqamata [empty], Lampriomorpha [empty], Stenopterygii [empty]
+
G. Aulorhynchus Gill 1861
G. †Gasterorhamphosus Sorbini 1981
G. Nerophis Rafinesque 1810
G. †Protorhamphosus Daniltshenko 1968
G. †Urosphenopsis Daniltshenko 1968
+
Invalid names: Gobioididae [empty], Periophthalmidae [empty], Psammichthyidae [empty], Trypauchenidae [empty]
Or. †Ichthyodectiformes Bardack and Sprinkle 1969
+
G. †Aidachar Nessov 1981
G. †Allothrissops Nybelin 1964
G. †Antarctithrissops Arratia et al. 2004
G. †Ascalabothrissops Arratia 2000
G. †Cavenderichthys Bean 2006
G. †Chuhsiungichthys Yabumoto 1994
Fm. †Cladocyclidae Maisey 1991
G. †Cooyoo Lees and Bartholomai 1987
G. †Garganoichthys Taverne 2009
Subor. †Ichthyodectoidei Romer 1966
G. †Mesoclupea Ping and Yen 1933
G. †Occithrissops Schaeffer and Patterson 1984
G. †Ogunichthys Alvarado-Ortega and Brito 2009
G. †Pachythrissops Woodward 1919
+
Invalid names: Parathrissops Eastman 1914 [replaced]
G. †Proportheus Jaekel 1909
G. †Sultanuvaisia Nessov 1981
G. †Thrissops Agassiz 1833
G. †Unamichthys Alvarado-Ortega 2004
G. †Vallecillichthys Blanco and Cavin 2003
Invalid names: Allothrissopidae Patterson and Rosen 1977 [empty], Chuhsiungichthiidae Yabumoto 1994 [empty]
G. †Jinanichthys Ma and Sun 1988
+
†Jinanichthys longicephalus Ma and Sun 1988
+
Invalid names: Bathymasteriformes [empty], Brotuliformes [empty], Carapiformes [empty], Haplodoci [empty]
+
Fm. †Lampridae
Fm. †Veliferidae Bleeker 1859
Invalid names: Radiicephalidae [empty]
+
Fm. †Leptolepididae Owen 1859
G. †Nephrotus Meyer 1928
G. †Leucichthyops Cockerell 1919
G. †Longdeichthys Liu 1982
+
G. †Luisiella
+
Invalid names: Lipogenyidae [empty]
G. †Paralycoptera Chang and Chou 1977
+
†Paralycoptera changi Ma and Sun 1988
Or. †Pediculati
+
Invalid names: Aceratiidae [empty], Gigactinidae [empty]
Unr. †Percomorphacea Wiley and Johnson 2010
+
G. †Acronuroides Bannikov et al. 2019
Fm. †Pietschellidae Carnevale and Bannikov 2015
+
Invalid names: Coridae [empty], Neolabridae [empty], Pharyngopilidae [empty], Sciaenoidea Gill 1872 [empty], Siphonognathidae [empty], Sparisomidae [empty]
+
Fm. †Archaeomaenidae Wade 1941
Fm. †Eurycormidae Arratia 2017
G. †Grimmenichthys Konwert and Hörnig 2018
Fm. †Ichthyokentemidae Griffith and Patterson 1963
G. †Luxembourgichthys Taverne and Steurbaut 2017
Fm. †Pholidophoridae Woodward 1890
Invalid names: Catervariolidae [empty]
+
Subor. †Cottoidei Agassiz 1835
G. †Ctenopomichthys Whitley 1940
G. Eutrigla Fraser-Brunner 1938
G. Neoplatycephalus Castelnau 1872
G. Notesthes Ogilby 1904
G. Ophiodon Girard 1854
G. Podothecus Gill 1861
+
Invalid names: Ereuniidae [synonym]
Fm. Triglidae [sea robin]
G. Zaniolepis Girard 1857
Invalid names: Anoplopomatoidei [empty], Aploactinidae [empty], Bathylutichthyidae [empty], Bembridae [empty], Caracanthidae [empty], Congiopodidae [empty], Eschmeyeridae [empty], Eulophiidae [empty], Gnathanacanthidae [empty], Hexagrammoidei [empty], Jordaniidae [empty], Normanichthyidae [empty], Pataecidae [empty], Peristediidae [empty], Ptilichthyidae [empty], Scorpaenichthyidae [empty], Scytalinidae [empty], Zaniolepididae [empty]
+
Subor. Holostomi
Unr. Teleocephala de Pinna 1996
+
Unr. Clupeocephala Patterson and Rosen 1977
G. †Teleosteorum Unknown
+
†Teleosteorum pujoli Steurbaut 1984
G. †Todiltia Schaeffer and Patterson 1984
+
†Todiltia schoewei Dunkle 1942
G. †Tonghuaichthys Ma and Sun 1988
+
†Tonghuaichthys sanyuanpuensis Ma and Sun 1988
Or. †Tselfatiiformes Nelson 1994
+
G. †Eoplethodus Taverne 2000
Fm. †Plethodidae Loomis 1900
+
Invalid names: Bananogmiidae Applegate 1970 [synonym], Tselfatiidae Arambourg 1954 [synonym]
Fm. †Protobramidae Le Danois and Le Danois 1964
G. †Pseudanogmius Taverne 2002
G. †Ypsiloichthys El Hossny and Cavin 2023
+
†Ypsiloichthys sibelleae El Hossny and Cavin 2023
Invalid names: Amphiuma nordica Brunner 1956 [nomen dubium], Bathyclupeiformes [empty], Catosteomi Boulenger [empty], Malacopteri [empty], Opisthomi [empty], Osteossomorpha [empty], Polymyxiomorpha [empty], Stephanoberyciformes [empty], Xenopterygii [empty]
Invalid names: Venusichthyidae Xu and Zhao 2016 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Pseudohaplolepis Elliott 2018
+
+
G. †Paratarrasius Lund and Melton Jr. 1982
+
†Paratarrasius hibbardi Lund and Melton Jr. 1982
Invalid names: Apholidotos Lund 1991 [nomen dubium]
G. †Westlepis Bender 2004
+
†Westlepis kempeni Bender 2004
G. †Woodichthys Coates 1998
+
†Woodichthys bearsdeni Coates 1998
Invalid names: Docopteri Cope 1877 [empty], Lysopteri Cope 1880 [empty], Mesichthyes Hay 1902 [empty], Palaeophoxinus Coates 1988 [nomen nudum], Phthinobranchii Hay 1902 [empty], Plectospondyli Cope 1872 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Created: 2004-08-17 14:52:40
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:50:42
Source: c = class, subp = subphylum
Reference: Carroll 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Wenlock to the top of the Holocene or 433.40000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 427.4 Ma

Collections (4564 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Paleozoic - Mesozoic538.8 - 66.0USA (washington) Phareodus sp. (236495)
Wenlock433.4 - 427.4USA (Wisconsin) Howella sp. (13001 13002)
Lochkovian419.2 - 410.8Czech Republic Plectorhinchus diana (13897)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Belarus (Vitebsk) Moythomasia sp. (232958)
Eifelian393.3 - 387.7Belarus Moythomasia sp. (225881)
Givetian - Frasnian387.7 - 372.2USA (Iowa) Moythomasia sp. (226053)
Early/Lower Frasnian383.7 - 382.4Latvia (Koknese) Aldingeria perforata (197072)
Early/Lower Frasnian383.7 - 382.4Iran Moythomasia devonica (226048)
Early/Lower Frasnian383.7 - 382.4Australia (Western Australia) Moythomasia durgaringa (170988 197263)
Frasnian382.7 - 372.2Australia (Western Australia) Moythomasia durgarina (232512) Moythomasia durgaringa (136090 232511 232517)
Frasnian382.7 - 372.2USA (New York) Moythomasia antiqua (232991) Palaeoniscus devonicus (226073)
Frasnian382.7 - 372.2Germany (Hesse) Moythomasia laevigata, Moythomasia striata (232992)
Frasnian382.7 - 372.2Australia (New South Wales) Moythomasia dungaringa (232510)
Late/Upper Devonian382.7 - 358.9USA (New York) Palaeoniscus devonicus (226072)
Middle Frasnian382.4 - 379.5Poland (Swietokrzyskie Voivodship) Moythomasia devonica (226394)
Late/Upper Givetian380.2 - 382.7Estonia Moythomasia sp. (225778)
Late/Upper Givetian380.2 - 382.7Belarus Moythomasia sp. (225888)
Late/Upper Givetian - Early/Lower Frasnian380.2 - 382.4Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) Moythomasia lineata, Moythomasia nitida (197071)
Late/Upper Frasnian379.5 - 376.1Canada (Ontario) Moythomasia devonica (226507)
Famennian372.2 - 358.9Afghanistan (Kabul) Moythomasia sp. (232508)