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Pecora
Taxonomy
Pecora was named by Linnaeus (1758). It is extant.
It was reranked as the suborder Pecora by Cook (1934); it was reranked as the infraorder Pecora by Khan and Sarwar (2002) and Hassanin and Douzery (2003); it was reranked as the unranked clade Pecora by Flower and Lydekker (1891), Matthew (1908), Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008), Spaulding et al. (2009) and Sánchez et al. (2015).
It was assigned to Mammalia by Linnaeus (1758); to Ungulata by Bonaparte (1850); to Artiodactyla by Flower and Lydekker (1891); to Artiodactyla by Flower (1883) and Cook (1934); to Ruminantia by Matthew (1908), Carroll (1988), Khan and Sarwar (2002), Hassanin and Douzery (2003) and Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008); and to Ruminantia by Spaulding et al. (2009) and Sánchez et al. (2015).
It was reranked as the suborder Pecora by Cook (1934); it was reranked as the infraorder Pecora by Khan and Sarwar (2002) and Hassanin and Douzery (2003); it was reranked as the unranked clade Pecora by Flower and Lydekker (1891), Matthew (1908), Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008), Spaulding et al. (2009) and Sánchez et al. (2015).
It was assigned to Mammalia by Linnaeus (1758); to Ungulata by Bonaparte (1850); to Artiodactyla by Flower and Lydekker (1891); to Artiodactyla by Flower (1883) and Cook (1934); to Ruminantia by Matthew (1908), Carroll (1988), Khan and Sarwar (2002), Hassanin and Douzery (2003) and Agnarsson and May-Collado (2008); and to Ruminantia by Spaulding et al. (2009) and Sánchez et al. (2015).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1758 | Pecora Linnaeus p. 65 |
| 1850 | Pecora Bonaparte p. 1 |
| 1883 | Pecora Flower p. 185 |
| 1891 | Pecora Flower and Lydekker p. 90 |
| 1908 | Pecora Matthew p. 561 |
| 1934 | Pecora Cook p. 149 |
| 1988 | Pecora Carroll |
| 2002 | Pecora Khan and Sarwar p. 140 |
| 2003 | Pecora Hassanin and Douzery |
| 2008 | Pecora Agnarsson and May-Collado p. 974 figs. Fig. 2 |
| 2009 | Pecora Spaulding et al. |
| 2015 | Pecora Sánchez et al. p. 7 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Unr. Pecora Linnaeus 1758
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Fm. Antilocapridae Gray 1866 [pronghorn]
+
Subfm. †Antilocaprinae Gray 1866
+
G. †Capromeryx Matthew 1902
+
†Capromeryx arizonensis Skinner 1942
†Capromeryx arizonensis schultzi Skinner 1942
†Capromeryx gidleyi Frick 1937
†Capromeryx mexicana Furlong 1925
†Capromeryx tauntonensis Morgan and Morgan 1995
Invalid names: Breameryx Furlong Eustace 1946 [synonym], Dorcameryx [synonym]
G. †Sphenophalos Merriam 1909
+
†Sphenophalos garciae Webb 1973
†Sphenophalos middleswarti Barbour and Schultz 1941
†Sphenophalos nevadanus Merriam 1909
Tr. †Stockoceratini Frick 1937
+
G. †Stockoceros Skinner 1942
+
†Stockoceros conklingi Stock 1930
†Stockoceros onusrosagris Roosevelt and Burden 1934
G. †Tetrameryx Lull 1921
+
†Tetrameryx irvingtonensis Stirton 1939
†Tetrameryx knoxensis Hibbard and Dalquest 1960
†Tetrameryx mooseri Dalquest 1974
†Tetrameryx shuleri Lull 1921
†Tetrameryx tacubayensis Mooser and Dalquest 1975
G. †Hexameryx White 1941
+
G. †Ilingoceros Merriam 1909
+
†Ilingoceros alexandrae Merriam 1909
†Ilingoceros schizoceras Merriam 1911
Subfm. †Merycodontinae Matthew 1904
+
G. †Cosoryx Leidy 1869
+
Subg. †Cosoryx (Paracosoryx) Frick 1937
+
†Cosoryx (Paracosoryx) sabulonis Matthew and Cook 1909
†Cosoryx (Paracosoryx) wilsoni Frick 1937
Subg. †Cosoryx (Subparacosoryx) Frick 1937
†Cosoryx furcatus Leidy 1869
+
†Cosoryx furcatus stembergi Frick 1937
†Cosoryx furcatus sternbergi Frick 1937
Invalid names: Cosoryx (Paracosoryx) burgensis Frick 1937 [synonym], Cosoryx agilis Douglass 1899 [synonym], Cosoryx burgensis Frick 1937 [synonym]
†Cosoryx furcatus mooki Frick 1937
†Cosoryx ilfonsensis Frick 1937
G. †Ramoceros Frick 1937
+
Subg. †Ramoceros (Merriamoceros) Frick 1937
Subg. †Ramoceros (Paramoceros) Frick 1937
+
†Ramoceros (Paramoceros) brevicornis Frick 1937
†Ramoceros (Paramoceros) marthae Frick 1937
†Ramoceros (Paramoceros) palmatus Frick 1937
†Ramoceros osborni Matthew 1904
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Invalid names: Ramoceros (Paramoceros) howardae Frick 1937 [synonym], Ramoceros (Paramoceros) kansanus Frick 1937 [synonym], Ramoceros hitchcockensis Frick 1937 [synonym]
†Ramoceros ramosus Cope 1874
†Ramoceros ramosus quadratus Frick 1937
G. †Merycodus Leidy 1854
+
†Merycodus crucensis Frick 1937
†Merycodus hookwayi Furlong 1934
†Merycodus joraki Frick 1937
†Merycodus major Frick 1937
†Merycodus minimus Frick 1937
†Merycodus minor Frick 1937
†Merycodus necatus Leidy 1854
†Merycodus sabulonis Matthew and Cook 1909
+
Invalid names: Cosoryx (Subparacosoryx) savaronis Frick 1937 [synonym]
†Merycodus tehuanus Cope 1877
†Merycodus trilateralis Cope 1877
†Merycodus warreni Leidy 1858
+
†Meryceros warreni johnsoni Frick 1937
Invalid names: Meryceros nenzelensis Frick 1937 [synonym]
Invalid names: Dicrocerus Cope 1875 [synonym], Meryceros Frick 1937 [synonym], Merycodus prodromus Cook 1934 [nomen dubium]
G. †Paracosoryx Frick 1937
+
†Paracosoryx alticornis Frick 1937
†Paracosoryx dawesensis Frick 1937
†Paracosoryx furlongi Frick 1937
†Paracosoryx loxoceros Furlong 1934
†Paracosoryx nevadensis Merriam 1911
†Paracosoryx wilsoni Frick 1937
G. †Plioceros Frick 1937
+
†Plioceros blicki Frick 1937
†Plioceros dehlini Frick 1937
†Plioceros floblairi Frick 1937
G. †Texoceros Frick 1937
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†Texoceros altidens Matthew 1924
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Invalid names: Capromeryx texanus Hesse 1935 [synonym], Dorcameryx optimae Reed and Longnecker 1928 [synonym]
†Texoceros edensis Frick 1937
†Texoceros guymonensis Frick 1937
†Texoceros minorei Frick 1937
†Texoceros vaughani Frick 1937
Invalid names: Cosorycinae Frick 1937 [empty], Ramocerotinae Frick 1937 [empty]
Superfm. Bovoidea Gray 1821
+
G. †Amphimoschus Gray 1852
+
†Amphimoschus ponteleviensis Bourgeois 1873
†Amphimoschus xishuiensis Li et al. 2022
Fm. Bovidae Gray 1821 [antelope]
+
Subfm. Antilopinae Gray 1821
+
Tr. Alcelaphini Brookes 1876
+
Subtr. †Alcelaphina Vrba 1997
G. †Awashia Vrba 1997
G. Beatragus Heller 1912 [hirola]
G. Connochaetes Lichtenstein 1812 [wildebeest]
+
Invalid names: Catoblepas Gray 1821 [synonym], Oreonagor Thomas 1884 [synonym]
G. †Damalborea Gentry 2010
G. Damaliscus Sclater and Thomas 1894 [antelope]
G. †Maremmia Hurzeler and Engesser 1976
G. †Parmularius Hopwood 1934
G. †Rusingoryx Pickford and Thomas 1984
G. Sigmoceros Peters 1849
Invalid names: Damaliscina Vrba 1997 [empty]
Tr. Antilopini Gray 1821
+
G. Ammodorcas Thomas 1891
G. Antidorcas Sundevall 1847 [springbok]
G. Antilope Pallas 1766
G. Dorcatragus Noack 1894
G. Eudorcas Fitzinger 1869
G. Gazella Blaineville 1816 [gazelle]
G. Litocranius
G. Madoqua Ogilby 1837 [dikdik]
G. Nanger Lataste 1885 [gazelle]
G. Ourebia
G. Raphicerus Smith 1827
G. Saiga Gray 1843 [saiga]
Tr. Caprini Gray 1821
+
G. Ammotragus
G. Arabitragus Ropiquet and Hassanin 2005
G. †Bouria Vrba 1997
G. Budorcas Hodgson 1850 [takin]
G. Capra Linnaeus 1758 [goat]
G. Capricornis
G. Hemitragus Hodgson 1841
G. Naemorhaedus Smith 1827
+
Invalid names: Caprina Wagner 1844 [synonym], Kemas Ogilby 1837 [synonym], Urotragus Gray 1871 [synonym]
G. Nilgitragus Ropiquet and Hassanin 2005
G. Oreamnos Rafinesque 1817 [mountain goat]
+
Invalid names: Aplocerus Hamilton-Smith 1827 [synonym], Haplocerus Wagner 1844 [synonym]
G. Ovibos Blainville 1816 [muskox]
G. Ovis Linnaeus 1758 [sheep]
G. Pantholops Hodgson 1834 [chiru]
G. †Protovis Wang et al. 2016
G. Pseudois
G. Rupicapra de Blainville 1816
G. †Sinocapra Chen 1991
Tr. Cephalophini Blyth 1863
+
G. Cephalophus Smith 1827 [duiker]
G. Philantomba Blkyth 1840
G. Sylvicapra Ogilby 1837 [duiker]
G. †Etruria Abbazzi et al. 2008
Tr. Hippotragini Sundevall 1845
+
G. Addax Laurillard 1841
G. †Damalacra Gentry 1980
G. Hippotragus Sundevall 1845
G. Oryx de Blainville 1816 [oryx]
G. †Praedamalis Dietrich 1950
G. †Saheloryx Geraads et al. 2008
G. †Tchadotragus Geraads et al. 2008
Tr. †Neotragini Sclater and Thomas 1894
+
G. Neotragus Hamilton Smith 1827
+
Invalid names: Tragulus Pallas 1767 [synonym], Tragulus Boddaert 1785 [synonym]
G. Oreotragus Smith 1834 [klipspringer]
G. †Tyrrhenotragus Thomas 1984
Tr. Reduncini Knottnerus-Meyer 1907
+
G. Kobus Smith 1840
G. †Menelikia Arambourg 1941
G. Pelea Gray 1851
G. Redunca Smith 1827 [reedbuck]
G. †Sivacobus Pilgrim 1939
+
Invalid names: Gangicobus Pilgrim 1939 [synonym], Hydaspicobus Pilgrim 1939 [synonym], Indoredunca Pilgrim 1939 [synonym], Sivadenota Pligrim 1939 [synonym], Vishnucobus Pilgrim 1939 [synonym]
G. †Thaleroceros Reck 1935
G. †Zephyreduncinus Vrba and Haile-Selassie 2006
G. †Urmiatherium Rodler 1888
+
†Urmiatherium intermedium Schlosser 1903
†Urmiatherium kassandriensis Lazaridis et al. 2017
†Urmiatherium rugosifrons Sickenberg 1932
Invalid names: Etruria Hurzeler and Engesser 1976 [nomen nudum], Pantholopini [empty], Peleini Gray 1872 [empty]
G. †Antilospira Teilhard de Jardin and Young 1931
Subfm. Bovinae Gray 1821
+
Tr. Boselaphini Knottnerus-Meyer 1997
+
G. †Austroportax Sickenberg 1929
G. Boselaphus de Blainville 1816 [nilgai]
+
Invalid names: Portax Hamilton-Smith 1827 [synonym], Tragelaphus Ogilby 1837 [synonym]
G. †Elachistoceras Thomas 1977
G. †Eotragus Pilgrim 1939
G. †Kipsigicerus Thomas 1984
G. †Mirabilocerus Meladze 1967
G. †Neotragocerus Matthew and Cook 1909
G. †Parabos Arambourg and Piveteau 1929
G. †Pikermicerus Kretzoi 1941
G. †Protragocerus Deperet 1887
G. †Sivoreas Pilgrim 1939
G. Tetracerus Leach 1825
G. †Tragoportax Pilgrim 1937
Tr. Bovini Gray 1821
+
G. Bison Hamilton-Smith 1827 [bison]
+
Invalid names: Harlanus Owen 1846 [synonym], Simobison Hay and Cook 1930 [synonym], Stelabison Figgins 1933 [synonym]
G. Bos Linnaeus 1758 [ox]
Subtr. Bubalina Pligrim 1939
G. †Pelorovis Reck 1928
Tr. Pseudorygini Grubb 2001
G. †Simatherium Dietrich 1941
G. †Ugandax Cooke and Coryndon 1970
Invalid names: Bovina Gray 1821 [empty]
G. †Duboisea Stremme 1911
G. †Miotragocerus Stromer 1928
+
†Miotragocerus crusafonti Moya-Sola 1983
†Miotragocerus cyrenaicus Thomas 1979
†Miotragocerus gaudryi Kretzoi 1941
†Miotragocerus gradiens Pilgrim 1939
†Miotragocerus gregarius Schlosser 1903
†Miotragocerus leskewitschi Borissiak 1914
†Miotragocerus macedoniensis Bouvrain 1988
†Miotragocerus monacensis Stromer 1928
†Miotragocerus pannoniae Kretzoi 1941
†Miotragocerus valenciennesi Gaudry 1861
G. †Platycerabos Barbour and Schultz 1942
+
†Platycerabos dodsoni Barbour and Schultz 1941
Invalid names: Parabos Barbour and Schultz 1941 [replaced]
Tr. Tragelaphini Blyth 1863
+
G. †Pheraios Kostopoulos and Koufos 2006
G. Taurotragus Wagner 1855 [eland]
G. Tragelaphus de Blainville 1816
G. †Cambayella Pilgrim 1939
G. †Criotherium Forsyth Major 1891
G. †Deperetia Schaub 1923
G. †Dorcadoryx Teilhard de Jardin and Trassaert 1938
G. †Dorcadoxa Pilgrim 1939
G. †Dystychoceras Kretzoi 1941
G. †Eosyncerus Vekua 1972
G. †Euceratherium Furlong and Sinclair 1904 [shrub-ox]
+
†Euceratherium americanum Gidley 1913
†Euceratherium collinum Furlong and Sinclair 1904 [shrub ox]
+
Invalid names: Aftonius calvini Hay 1913 [synonym], Euceratherium bizzelli Stovall 1937 [synonym], Euceratherium collinum morrisi Schultz and Howard 1935 [invalid subgroup], Preptoceras sinclairi Furlong 1905 [synonym], Preptoceras sinclairi neomexicana Schultz and Howard 1935 [invalid subgroup]
Invalid names: Aftonius Hay 1913 [synonym], Preptoceras Furlong 1905 [synonym]
G. †Gallogoral Guérin 1865
G. †Gazellospira Pilgrim and Schaub 1939
G. †Gentrytragus Azanza 1994
G. †Gobiocerus Sokolov 1952
G. †Grevenobos Cregut-Bonnoure and Tsoukala 2017
+
†Grevenobos antiquus Cregut-Bonnoure and Tsoukala 2017
G. †Helicoportax Pilgrim 1937
G. †Hemibos Falconer 1865
+
†Hemibos acuticornis Falconer and Cautley 1868
†Hemibos antilopinus Falconer 1870
†Hemibos gracilis Qiu et al. 2004
Invalid names: Amphibos Falconer and Cautley 1868 [synonym], Peribos Lydekker 1878 [synonym], Probubalus Rütimeyer [objective synonym]
G. †Hemistrepsiceros Pilgrim and Hopwood 1928
G. †Hesperidoceras Crusafont Pairo 1965
G. †Kabulicornis Heintz and Thomas 1981
G. †Kobikeryx Pilgrim 1939
G. †Kubanotragus Gabunia 1973
G. †Leptotragus Bohlin 1936
G. †Liops Gidley 1906
G. †Lyrocerus Teilhard de Jardin and Trassaert 1938
G. †Majoreas Kostopoulos 2004
G. †Megalovis Schaub 1924
G. †Mesembriacerus Bouvrain 1975
G. †Microtragus Andres 1926
G. Nesotragus von Duben 1846
+
Nesotragus batesi de Winton 1903 [bates' pygmy antelope]
Nesotragus moschatus Von Dueben 1846 [suni]
Tr. †Oiocerini Pilgrim 1934
+
G. †Oioceros Gaillard 1902
+
†Oioceros jiulongkouensis Chen and Wu 1976
†Oioceros lishanensis Lee and Wu 1978
†Oioceros noverca Pilgrim 1934
†Oioceros proaries Schlosser 1904
†Oioceros robustus Chen and Wu 1976
†Oioceros stenocephalus Chen and Wu 1976
†Oioceros tanyaceras Gentry 1970
†Oioceros xiejiaensis Li and Qiu 1980
G. †Samodorcas Bouvrain and de Bonis 1985
G. †Samotragus Sickenberg 1936
+
†Samotragus crassicornis Sickenberg 1936
†Samotragus pilgrimi Azanza et al. 1998
G. †Olonbulukia Bohlin 1937
G. †Oreonager Pomel 1895
G. †Pachygazella Teilhard de Jardin and Young 1931
G. †Pachytragus Schlosser 1904
+
†Pachytragus crassicornis Schlosser 1904
†Pachytragus solignaci Robinson 1972
G. †Palaeoreas Gaudry 1861
+
†Palaeoreas lindermayeri Wagner 1848
†Palaeoreas sinensis Schlosser 1903
G. †Palaeoryx Gaudry 1861
+
†Palaeoryx majori Schlosser 1904
†Palaeoryx minor Vasileiadis et al. 2019
†Palaeoryx pallasi Wagner 1857
G. †Paraprotoryx Bohlin 1935
G. †Paratragocerus Sokolov 1949
G. †Parurmiatherium Sickenberg 1932
G. †Perimia Pilgrim 1939
G. †Platybos Pilgrim 1939
G. †Pliotragus Kretzoi 1941
+
†Pliotragus ardeus Deperet 1883
+
Invalid names: Hesperoceras merlae Villalta and Crusafont Pairó 1956 [synonym]
Invalid names: Hesperoceras Villalta and Crusafont Pairó 1956 [synonym]
G. †Proamphibos Pilgrim 1939
+
†Proamphibos kashmiricus Pilgrim 1939
†Proamphibos lachrymans Pilgrim 1939
G. †Procamptoceras Schaub 1923
G. †Procobus Khomenko 1913
G. †Proleptobos Pilgrim 1939
G. †Prosinotragus Bohlin 1935
G. †Prostrepsiceros Forsyth Major 1891
+
†Prostrepsiceros houtumschindleri Rodler and Weithofer 1890
†Prostrepsiceros houtumschindleri syridisi Kostopolous and Koufos 1996
†Prostrepsiceros libycus Lehmann and Thomas 1987
G. †Protoryx Forsyth Major 1891
+
†Protoryx capricornis Schlosser 1904
†Protoryx carolinae Major 1891
G. †Pseudotragus Schlosser 1904
+
†Pseudotragus gentryi Thomas 1981
†Pseudotragus parvidens Gaudry 1861
G. †Qurliqnoria Bohlin 1937
G. †Selenoportax Pilgrim 1937
+
†Selenoportax dhokpathanensis Akhtar 1992
†Selenoportax falconeri Lydekker 1886
†Selenoportax giganteus Akhtar 1995
†Selenoportax tatrotensis Akhtar 1992
†Selenoportax vexillarius Pilgrim 1937
G. †Shensispira Chiu et al. 1979
G. †Sinoreas Teilhard de Jardin and Trassaert 1938
G. †Sinoryx Teilhard de Jardin and Trassaert 1938
G. †Sinotragus Bohlin 1935
+
†Sinotragus occidentalis Geraads et al. 2002
†Sinotragus wimani Bohlin 1935
G. †Sivacapra Pilgrim 1939
G. †Sivaportax Pilgrim 1939
G. †Sivatragus Pilgrim 1939
G. †Skoufotragus Kostopoulos 2009
+
†Skoufotragus laticeps Andree 1926
†Skoufotragus schlosseri Andree 1926
†Skoufotragus zemalisorum Kostopoulos 2009
G. †Soergelia Schaub 1951
+
G. †Spirocerus Boule and Teilhard de Jardin 1928
+
†Spirocerus wongi Teilhard de Chardin and Piveteau 1930
G. †Strepsiportax Pilgrim 1937
+
†Strepsiportax gluten Pilgrim 1937
+
Invalid names: Helicoportax praecox Pilgrim 1937 [synonym], Strepsiportax chinjiensis Pilgrim 1937 [synonym]
G. †Strogulognathus Filhol 1890
G. †Tethytragus Azanza 1994
G. †Toribos
G. †Torticornis Dmitrieva 1977
G. †Tossunnoria Bohlin 1937
G. †Tragocerus Gaudry 1861
+
†Tragocerus kokeni Schlosser 1903
†Tragocerus sylvaticos Schlosser 1903
†Tragocerus sylvaticus Schlosser 1903
G. †Tragospira Kretzoi 1954
Subfm. †Urmiatheriinae Sickenberg 1933
+
G. †Shaanxispira Liu et al. 1978
+
†Shaanxispira baheensis Zhang 2003
†Shaanxispira chowi Liu et al. 1978
†Shaanxispira linxiaensis SHI et al. 2014
Invalid names: Antilopina Bonaparte 1850 [empty], Camelopardalina Gray 1825 [empty], Capra depressa Linnaeus 1758 [nomen dubium], Capra reversa Linnaeus 1758 [nomen dubium], Caprina Bonaparte 1850 [empty], Hippotraginae Sundevall 1845 [empty], Peleinae Gray 1872 [empty], Tragelaphinae Jerdon 1874 [empty]
Fm. Moschidae Gray 1821 [musk deer]
+
Subfm. †Blastomerycinae Frick 1937
+
G. †Blastomeryx Cope 1877
+
†Blastomeryx cursor Cook 1934
†Blastomeryx gemmifer Cope 1874
+
Invalid names: Blastomeryx elegans Matthew and Cook 1909 [synonym], Blastomeryx francesca Frick 1937 [synonym], Blastomeryx medius Matthew 1924 [synonym], Blastomeryx mefferdi Frick 1937 [synonym]
†Blastomeryx vigoratus Hay 1924
G. †Longirostromeryx Frick 1937
+
†Longirostromeryx clarendonensis Frick 1937
†Longirostromeryx wellsi Matthew 1904
+
Invalid names: Longirostromeryx blicki Frick 1937 [synonym], Longirostromeryx merriami Frick 1937 [synonym], Longirostromeryx serpentis Frick 1937 [synonym]
Invalid names: Longirostromeryx novomexicanus Frick 1937 [nomen nudum]
G. †Machaeromeryx Matthew 1926
+
†Machaeromeryx gilchristensis White 1941
†Machaeromeryx tragulus Matthew 1926
G. †Parablastomeryx Frick 1937
+
†Parablastomeryx floridanus White 1940
†Parablastomeryx gregorii Frick 1937
G. †Problastomeryx Webb 1998
+
†Problastomeryx primus Matthew 1908
+
Invalid names: Blastomeryx mollis Merriam 1911 [synonym], Blastomeryx olcotti Matthew 1908 [synonym]
G. †Pseudoblastomeryx Tedford et al. 1987
+
†Pseudoblastomeryx advena Matthew 1907
+
Invalid names: Blastomeryx tantillus Cook 1934 [synonym], Pseudoblastomeryx falkenbachi Frick 1937 [synonym], Pseudoblastomeryx marsa Frick 1937 [synonym], Pseudoblastomeryx schultzi Frick 1937 [synonym]
G. †Dremotherium Geoffroy 1833
+
†Dremotherium cetinensis Ginsburg et al. 1994
†Dremotherium feignouxi Geoffroy 1833
†Dremotherium guthi Jehenne 1987
†Dremotherium quercyi Filhol 1887
G. †Friburgomeryx Becker et al. 2001
G. †Hispanomeryx Morales et al. 1981
+
†Hispanomeryx andrewsi Sánchez et al. 2011
†Hispanomeryx aragonensis Azanza 1986
†Hispanomeryx daamsi Sánchez et al. 2010
†Hispanomeryx duriensis Morales et al. 1981
†Hispanomeryx lacetanus Sánchez et al. 2019
G. †Hydropotopsis Jehenne 1991
Subfm. Moschinae Gray 1821
+
G. †Micromeryx Lartet 1851
+
†Micromeryx azanzae Sánchez and Morales 2008
†Micromeryx eiselei Aiglstorfer et al. 2017
†Micromeryx flourensianus Lartet 1851
G. Moschus Linnaeus 1758 [musk deer]
+
Moschus berezovskii Flerov 1928
Moschus chrysogaster Hodgson 1839 [Alpine musk deer]
Moschus fuscus Li 1981
†Moschus grandeavus Schlosser 1924
Moschus leucogaster Hodgson 1839 [Himalayan musk deer]
Moschus moschiferus Linnaeus 1758 [musk deer]
G. †Oriomeryx Ginsburg 1985
G. †Pomelomeryx Ginsburg and Morales 1989
G. †Bugtimeryx Ginsburg et al. 2001
Superfm. †Cervoidea
+
G. †Amphiprox Kaup 1839
Fm. Cervidae Gray 1821 [deer]
+
Subfm. Alcinae Jerdon 1874
+
G. †Libralces Azzaroli 1952
+
†Libralces gallicus Azzaroli 1952
†Libralces minor Vislobokova 1986
†Libralces reynoldsi Azzaroli 1953
G. †Anoglochis Croizet and Jobert 1826
G. †Bretzia Fry and Gustafson 1974
+
†Bretzia nebrascensis Gunnell and Foral. 1994
†Bretzia pseudalces Fry and Gustafson 1974
Subfm. Capreolinae Brookes 1828
+
G. Capreolus Gray 1821 [roe]
+
Capreolus capreolus Linnaeus 1758 [European roe deer]
†Capreolus constantini Vislobokova et al. 1995
†Capreolus formosanus Shikama 1937
Capreolus pygargus Pallas 1771
G. †Cervavitus Chomenko 1913
+
†Cervavitus cauvieri de Christol 1832
†Cervavitus fenqii Han 1987
†Cervavitus huadeensis Qiu 1979
†Cervavitus novorossiae Khomenko 1913
†Cervavitus shanxius Dong and Hu 1994
†Cervavitus ultimus Lin et al. 1978
Invalid names: Cervocerus Khomenko 1913 [synonym], Damacerus Khomenko 1913 [synonym], Metadicrocerus Schlosser 1924 [synonym], Procervus Alexejev 1913 [synonym]
G. †Pliocervus Hilzheimer 1922
+
†Pliocervus matheronis Gervais 1859
Invalid names: Ctenocerus Kretzoi 1941 [synonym], Ctenocervus Kretzoi 1968 [synonym]
G. †Procapreolus Schlosser 1929
+
†Procapreolus cusanus Croizet and Jobert 1928
†Procapreolus florovi Korotkevich 1974
†Procapreolus graecus Azanza 1995
†Procapreolus latifrons Schlosser 1924
†Procapreolus loczyi Pohlig 1911
†Procapreolus ukrainicus Korotkevich 1965
+
Invalid names: Procapreolus ucrainica Korotkevich 1963 [replaced]
G. Pudu Gray 1850 [pudus]
+
Pudu mephistophiles de Winton 1896 [northern pudu]
Pudu puda Molina 1782 [southern pudu]
Invalid names: Pudua Garrod 1877 [synonym]
Invalid names: Capreolini [empty]
G. †Cervalces Scott 1885 [stag moose]
+
†Cervalces latifrons Johnson 1874
+
Invalid names: Cervalces alaskensis Frick 1937 [synonym], Cervalces borealis Bensley 1913 [synonym], Cervalces roosevelti Hay 1913 [synonym]
†Cervalces postremus Vangengeim and Flerov 1965
G. †Cervavitulus Kretzoi 1951
Subfm. Cervinae Goldfuss 1820
+
G. †Candiacervus Kuss 1975
+
†Candiacervus cretensis Simonelli 1907
†Candiacervus devosi van der Geer 2018
†Candiacervus dorothensis Capasso Barbato 1992
†Candiacervus listeri van der Geer 2018
†Candiacervus major Capasso Barbato and Petronio 1986
†Candiacervus rethymnensis Kuss 1975
†Candiacervus reumeri van der Geer 2018
†Candiacervus ropalophorus de Vos 1979
Tr. Cervini Goldfuss 1820
+
G. †Bohlinella Sprague 1939
+
Invalid names: Deperetia Shikama 1936 [replaced], Nipponicervus Matsumoto [synonym]
G. Cervus Linnaeus 1758
+
Invalid names: Proboselaphus Matsumoto 1915 [synonym], Przewalskium Flerov 1930 [synonym]
G. Dama Frisch 1775 [fallow deer]
G. Elaphurus Milne-Edwards 1866 [Pere David's deer]
G. Panolia Pocock 1943
G. Rucervus Hodgson 1838
G. Rusa Smith 1827
G. †Croizetoceros Heintz 1970
+
†Croizetoceros proramosus Dong 1996
†Croizetoceros pyrenaicus Mennecart et al. 2017
†Croizetoceros ramosus Croizet and Jobert 1828
G. †Eucladoceros Falconer 1868
+
†Eucladoceros boulei Teilhard de Chardin and Piveteau 1930
†Eucladoceros ctenoides Nesti 1841
†Eucladoceros dicranios Nesti 1841
†Eucladoceros tegulensis du Bois 1904
Tr. †Megacerini Viret 1961
+
G. †Neomegaloceros Korotkevitsch 1971
G. †Orchonoceros Vislobokova 1979
G. †Sinomegaceros Chow et al. 1965
G. †Megaloceros Brookes 1828 [Irish elk]
+
Subg. †Megaloceros (Megaceroides) Joleaud 1914
†Megaloceros giganteus Blumenbach 1799
†Megaloceros luochuanensis Xue 1982
Invalid names: Megaceros Owen 1844 [synonym]
G. †Metacervocerus Dietrich 1935
+
†Metacervocerus pardinensis Croizet and Jobert 1828
†Metacervocerus philisi Mennecart et al. 2017
†Metacervocerus punjabiensis Brown 1926
†Metacervocerus rhenanus Dubois 1904
†Metacervocerus shansius Teilhard de Chardin and Trassaert 1937
Invalid names: Pseudodama Azzaroli 1992 [synonym]
Tr. Muntiacini Pockock 1923
+
G. Elaphodus Milne-Edwards 1872
G. †Eostylocerus Zdansky 1925
G. †Euprox Stehlin 1928
G. Megamuntiacus Tuoc et al. 1994
G. †Praedama Portis 1920
G. †Praeelaphus Portis 1920
+
†Praeelaphus arvernensis Croizet and Jobert 1828
†Praeelaphus etueriarum Croizet and Jobert 1828
†Praeelaphus perrieri Croizet and Jobert 1828
G. †Praesinomegaceros Vislobokova 1983
+
†Praesinomegaceros asiaticus Vislobokova 1983
†Praesinomegaceros bakri Croitor et al. 2021
†Praesinomegaceros venustus Vislobokova 2009
G. †Cervodama Pidoplichko and Flerov 1952
G. †Charitoceros Hoffstetter 1963
G. †Euctenoceros Trouessart 1898
G. †Eumeryx Matthew and Granger 1924
+
†Eumeryx culminis Matthew and Granger 1924
†Eumeryx imbellis Vislobokova 1983
G. †Furcifer Wagner 1844
+
†Furcifer bisulcus Molina 1782
+
Invalid names: Capreolus leucotis Gray 1849 [synonym], Cervus (Cervequus) andicus Lesson 1842 [synonym], Cervus (Furcifer) antisiensis d'Orbigny 1834 [synonym], Cervus chilensis Gay and Gervais 1846 [synonym]
†Furcifer seleniticus Ameghino 1888
†Furcifer sulcatus Ameghino 1882
G. †Lucentia Azanza and Montoya 1995
+
†Lucentia iberica Azanza and Montoya 1995
†Lucentia pierensis Thomas 1951
G. †Paracervulus Teilhard de Chardin and Trassaert 1937
+
†Paracervulus australis Serres 1832
†Paracervulus christoli Dong 1996
†Paracervulus perpinianensis Dong 1996
G. †Praemegaceros Portis 1920
+
Subg. †Praemegaceros (Nesoleipoceros) Radulesco and Samson 1967
+
†Praemegaceros (Nesoleipoceros) cazioti Deperet 1897
†Praemegaceros (Nesoleipoceros) solihacus Robert 1830
Invalid names: Cervus (Anoglokis) Robert 1830 [synonym]
Subg. †Praemegaceros (Orthogonoceros) Kahlke 1956
+
†Praemegaceros (Orthogonoceros) pliotarandoides De Alessandri 1903
Subg. †Praemegaceros (Praemegaceros) Portis 1920
+
†Praemegaceros (Praemegaceros) dawkinsi Newton 1882
†Praemegaceros verticornis Dawkins 1872
Invalid names: Allocaenelaphus Radulesco and Samson 1967 [synonym], Praerangifer Portis 1920 [synonym], Psecupsoceros Radulesco and Samson 1967 [synonym], Tamanalces Vereshchagin 1957 [synonym]
G. Pseudaxis Gray 1872
Unr. Telemetacarpalia
+
Tr. Odocoileini Pocock 1923 [New World deer]
+
G. Blastocerus Wagner 1844 [marsh deer]
+
Invalid names: Antifer Ameghino 1889 [synonym], Epieuryceros Ameghino 1889 [synonym], Paraceros Ameghino 1889 [synonym]
G. Hippocamelus Leuckart 1816 [huemuls]
G. Mazama Rafinesque 1817 [brocket deer]
G. †Morenelaphus Carette 1922
+
Invalid names: Habromeryx Cabrera 1929 [synonym], Pampaeocervus Carette 1922 [synonym]
G. Odocoileus Rafinesque 1832
+
Invalid names: Cariacus Lesson 1842 [synonym], Paleoodocoileus Spillmann 1931 [synonym], Protomazama Spillmann 1931 [synonym]
G. Ozotoceros Ameghino 1891
G. †Pavlodaria Vislobokova 1980
G. †Rohnia Castellanos 1957
Invalid names: Pudini Pocock 1923 [empty]
Invalid names: Cervulinae [empty], Cervus guineensis Linnaeus 1758 [nomen dubium], Plesiometacarpalia [empty], Pliocervinae Symeonidis 1974 [empty], Sangamona Hay 1920 [nomen vanum], Sangamona fugitiva Hay 1920 [nomen vanum], Surameryx Prothero et al. 2014 [nomen dubium], Surameryx acrensis Prothero et al. 2014 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Dromomerycidae Frick 1937
+
Tr. †Cranioceratini Frick 1937
+
G. †Barbouromeryx Frick 1937
+
Subg. †Barbouromeryx (Barbouromeryx) Frick 1937
†Barbouromeryx cursor Cook 1922
†Barbouromeryx trigonocorneus Barbour and Schultz 1934
+
Invalid names: Barbouromeryx (Probarbouromeryx) sweeti Frick 1937 [synonym], Barbouromeryx (Protobarbouromeryx) marslandensis Frick 1937 [synonym], Parablastomeryx galushi Frick 1937 [synonym]
Invalid names: Barbouromeryx (Probarbouromeryx) Frick 1937 [invalid subgroup], Barbouromeryx (Protobarbouromeryx) Frick 1937 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Bouromeryx Skinner et al. 1977
+
†Bouromeryx americanus Douglass 1899
+
Invalid names: Barbouromeryx nebrascensis Frick 1937 [synonym], Bouromeryx milleri Frick 1937 [synonym], Bouromeryx pawniensis Frick 1937 [synonym], Bouromeryx pseudonebrascensis Frick 1937 [synonym], Bouromeryx supernebrascensis Frick 1937 [synonym], Dromomeryx parvus Cook 1922 [synonym], Palaeomeryx madisonius Douglass 1899 [synonym]
†Bouromeryx submilleri Frick 1937
G. †Cranioceras Matthew 1918
+
†Cranioceras pawniensis Frick 1937
†Cranioceras teres Cope 1874
+
Invalid names: Cranioceras clarendonensis Frick 1937 [synonym], Cranioceras dakotensis Frick 1937 [synonym]
†Cranioceras unicornis Matthew 1918
+
Invalid names: Cranioceras granti Frick 1937 [synonym], Cranioceras mefferdi Frick 1937 [synonym]
G. †Pediomeryx Stirton 1936
+
†Pediomeryx hemphillensis Stirton 1936
+
Invalid names: Procoileus edensis Frick 1937 [synonym], Yumaceras falkenbachi Frick 1937 [synonym]
G. †Yumaceras Frick 1937
+
†Yumaceras figginsi Frick 1937
†Yumaceras hamiltoni Webb 1983
†Yumaceras ruminalis Stirton 1939
Tr. †Dromomerycini Frick 1937
+
G. †Drepanomeryx Sinclair 1915
+
†Drepanomeryx falciformis Sinclair 1915
+
Invalid names: Drepanomeryx (Matthomeryx) matthewi Frick 1937 [synonym]
Invalid names: Drepanomeryx (Drepanomeryx) Sinclair 1915 [invalid subgroup], Drepanomeryx (Matthomeryx) Frick 1937 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Dromomeryx Douglass 1909
+
†Dromomeryx borealis Cope 1877
+
Invalid names: Dromomeryx pawniensis Frick 1937 [synonym], Dromomeryx whitfordi Sinclair 1915 [synonym]
G. †Rakomeryx Frick 1937
+
†Rakomeryx sinclairi Matthew 1918
+
Invalid names: Rakomeryx gazini Frick 1937 [synonym], Rakomeryx jorakianus Frick 1937 [synonym], Rakomeryx raki Frick 1937 [synonym], Rakomeryx yermonensis Frick 1937 [synonym]
G. †Subdromomeryx Frick 1937
+
†Subdromomeryx antilopinus Scott 1893
+
Invalid names: Rakomeryx kinseyi Frick 1937 [synonym], Subdromomeryx scotti Frick 1937 [synonym], Subdromomeryx wilsoni Frick 1937 [synonym]
Fm. Lagomerycidae Pilgrim 1941
+
Tr. Dicrocerini Simpson 1945
+
Tr. Lagomerycini Pilgrim 1941
+
G. †Lagomeryx Roger 1904
+
†Lagomeryx colberti Young 1937
†Lagomeryx complicidens Young 1964
†Lagomeryx manai Suraprasit et al. 2014
†Lagomeryx parvulus Roger 1898
†Lagomeryx ruetimeyeri Thenius 1949
†Lagomeryx tsaidamensis Bohlin 1937
G. †Paradicrocerus Gabunia 1959
+
†Paradicrocerus brevistephanos Baschanov and Nurumov 1955
†Paradicrocerus elegantulus Roger 1898
†Paradicrocerus flerovi Gabuniya 1959
G. †Stephanocemas Colbert 1936
+
†Stephanocemas actauensis Abdrachmanova 1993
†Stephanocemas aralensis Beliajeva 1974
†Stephanocemas chinghaiensis Young 1964
†Stephanocemas palmatus WANG et al. 2009
†Stephanocemas rucha Ginsburg and Ukkakimapan 1983
†Stephanocemas thomsoni Colbert 1936
†Stephanocemas triacuminatus Colbert 1936
Invalid names: Stephanoceras Colbert 1936 [replaced]
Superfm. Giraffomorpha Sánchez et al. 2015
+
Fm. Giraffidae Gray 1821 [giraffe]
+
G. †Alcicephalus Rodler and Wiethofer 1890
+
†Alcicephalus neumayri Rodler and Weithofer 1890
†Alcicephalus sinensis Schlosser 1903
Subfm. †Canthumerycinae Hamilton 1978
+
G. †Canthumeryx Hamilton 1973
+
†Canthumeryx sirtensis Hamilton 1973
Invalid names: Zarafa Hamilton 1973 [synonym]
G. †Injanatherium Heintz et al. 1981
+
†Injanatherium arabicum Morales 1987
†Injanatherium hazimi Heintz 1981
G. †Decennatherium Crusafont Pairo 1952
+
†Decennatherium crusafonti Bosscha-Erbrink 1976
†Decennatherium pachecoi Crusafont 1952
†Decennatherium rex Rios et al. 2017
Tr. Giraffini
+
G. Giraffa Brisson 1762 [giraffe]
+
Giraffa camelopardalis Linnaeus 1758 [giraffe]
+
Invalid names: Camelopardalis aethiopica Ogilby 1837 [synonym], Camelopardalis antiquorum Jardine 1835 [synonym], Camelopardalis capensis Lesson 1842 [synonym], Giraffa hagenbecki Knottneurus-Meyer 1910 [synonym], Giraffa infumata Noack 1908 [synonym], Giraffa schillingsi Matschie 1898 [synonym], Giraffa senaariensis Trouessart 1898 [synonym]
Giraffa giraffa Von Schreber 1784 [southern giraffe]
†Giraffa jumae Leakey 1967
†Giraffa pomeli Arambourg 1979
†Giraffa priscilla Pilgrim 1911
†Giraffa punjabiensis Pilgrim 1911
†Giraffa pygmaea Harris 1976
Giraffa reticulata De Wintin 1899 [reticulated giraffe]
†Giraffa sivalensis Falconer and Cautley 1843
†Giraffa stillei Arambourg 1947
Giraffa tippelskirchi Matschie 1898 [Masai giraffe]
Invalid names: Camelopardalis Schreber 1784 [synonym], Orasius Oken 1816 [synonym], Trachelotherium Gistl 1848 [synonym]
Subfm. †Giraffokerycinae Solounias 2007
+
G. †Giraffokeryx Pilgrim 1910
+
†Giraffokeryx primaevus Churcher 1970
†Giraffokeryx punjabiensis Pilgrima 1910
G. †Honanotherium Bohlin 1926
+
†Honanotherium bernori Solounias and Danowitz 2016
†Honanotherium schlosseri Bohlin 1926
Subfm. †Okapiinae Bohlin 1926
+
G. †Palaeogiraffa Bonis and Bouvrain 2003
+
†Palaeogiraffa macedoniae Geraads 1989
†Palaeogiraffa major Bonis and Bouvrain 2003
†Palaeogiraffa pamiri Ozansoy 1965
Tr. †Palaeotragini Pilgrim 1911
+
G. †Mitilanotherium Samson and Radulesco 1966
+
Invalid names: Macedonitherium Sickenberg 1967 [synonym], Sogdianotherium Sharapov 1974 [synonym]
G. †Samotherium Forsyth Major 1888
+
†Samotherium africanus Churcher 1970
†Samotherium boissieri Forsyth Major 1888
†Samotherium major Bohlin 1926
†Samotherium neumayri Radler and Weihofer 1890
†Samotherium sinense Schlosser 1903
†Samotherium tafeli Kilgus 1922
G. †Palaeotragus Gaudry 1861
+
†Palaeotragus coelophrys Rodler and Weithofer 1890
†Palaeotragus germaini Arambourg 1959
†Palaeotragus inexspectatus Samson and Radulesco 1966
†Palaeotragus lavocati Heintz 1976
†Palaeotragus microdon Bohlin 1926
†Palaeotragus quadricornis Bohlin 1926
†Palaeotragus robinsoni Crusafont-Pairó 1979
†Palaeotragus rouenii Gaudry 1861
Invalid names: Achtiaria Borissiak 1914 [synonym]
G. †Progiraffa Pilgrim 1908
G. †Propalaeomeryx Lydekker 1883
G. †Schansitherium Kilgus 1922
+
†Schansitherium fuguensis Guan 1998
†Schansitherium quadricornis Kostopoulos 2009
†Schansitherium tafeli Kilgus 1922
Subfm. †Sivatheriinae Zittel 1893
+
G. †Sivatherium Falconer and Cautley 1836
+
†Sivatherium giganteum Bohlin 1926
†Sivatherium hendeyi Harris 1976
†Sivatherium olduvaiense Singer and Boné 1960
Invalid names: Bohlininae Solounias 2007 [empty], Giraffinae [empty], Sivatheriini Zittel 1893 [empty]
Fm. †Palaeomerycidae Lydekker 1883
+
Subfm. †Aletomerycinae Frick 1937
+
G. †Aletomeryx Lull 1920
+
†Aletomeryx gracilis Lull 1920
+
Invalid names: Aletomeryx lugni Frick 1937 [synonym], Aletomeryx scotti Matthew 1924 [synonym], Blastomeryx marshi Lull 1920 [synonym]
†Aletomeryx marslandensis Frick 1937
†Aletomeryx occidentalis Whistler 1984
Invalid names: Blastomeryx pristinus Cook 1934 [nomen dubium], Dyseomeryx Stirton 1944 [synonym]
G. †Sinclairomeryx Frick 1937
+
†Sinclairomeryx riparius Matthew 1924
+
Invalid names: Sinclairomeryx sinclairi Frick 1937 [synonym], Sinclairomeryx tedi Frick 1937 [synonym]
Invalid names: Aletomerycini Frick 1937 [empty]
G. †Amphitragulus Pomel 1847
+
†Amphitragulus elegans Pomel 1846
†Amphitragulus minoensis Matsumoto 1918
†Amphitragulus quercyi Filhol 1887
†Amphitragulus validus Dehm 1935
G. †Heterocemas Young 1937
Subfm. †Palaeomerycinae Lydekker 1883
+
G. †Triceromeryx Villalta Commela et al. 1946
+
†Triceromeryx conquensis Rambaut 2014
†Triceromeryx pachecoi Villalta et al. 1946
Invalid names: Hispanocervus Viret 1946 [synonym]
G. †Palaeomeryx von Meyer 1834
+
†Palaeomeryx kaupi von Meyer 1834
†Palaeomeryx magnus Lartet 1851
Invalid names: Sinomeryx Duranthon et al. 1995 [synonym]
G. †Procervulus Gaudry 1877
+
†Procervulus dichotomus Gervais 1849
†Procervulus ginsburgi Azanza 1993
†Procervulus praelucidus Obergfell 1957
Fm. †Leptomerycidae Zittel 1893
+
G. †Hendryomeryx Black 1978
+
†Hendryomeryx defordi Wilson 1974
+
Invalid names: Hidrosotherium transpecoensis Wilson 1974 [synonym]
†Hendryomeryx wilsoni Black 1978
Invalid names: Hidrosotherium Wilson 1974 [synonym]
G. †Leptomeryx Leidy 1853
+
†Leptomeryx antecedens Cook 1934
†Leptomeryx blacki Stock 1949
†Leptomeryx evansi Leidy 1853
+
Invalid names: Leptomeryx lenis Cook 1934 [synonym], Trimerodus cedrensis Cope 1873 [synonym]
†Leptomeryx mammifer Cope 1885
†Leptomeryx significans Russell 1954
†Leptomeryx speciosus Lambe 1908
†Leptomeryx yoderi Schlaikjer 1935
Invalid names: Trimerodus Cope 1873 [synonym]
G. †Pronodens Koerner 1940
+
†Pronodens silberlingi Koerner 1940
†Pronodens transmontanus Douglass 1903
G. †Pseudoparablastomeryx Frick 1937
+
†Pseudoparablastomeryx francescita Frick 1937
†Pseudoparablastomeryx scotti Frick 1937
G. †Propalaeoryx Stromer 1926
+
†Propalaeoryx austroafricanus Stromer 1926
†Propalaeoryx nyanzae Whitworth 1958
G. †Walangania Whitworth 1958
+
†Walangania africanus Whitworth 1958
†Walangania gracilis Whitworth 1958
Invalid names: Prodremotheridae Guo et al. 1999 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available