PBDB Taxon

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Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish)

Chondrichthyes

Taxonomy

Chondrichthyes was named by Huxley (1880). It is extant.

It was assigned to Vertebrata by Huxley (1880); to Chondrichthiomorphi by Long (2011); to Chordata by Squires (1984), Barnes (1998), Sepkoski (2002), Fourriére et al. (2014); to Chondrichthyomorphi by Nelson et al. (2016); and to Gnathostomata by Young (1997), Dineley and Metcalf (1999), Meyer and Zardoya (2003), Richter et al. (2017), van der Laan (2019).

Species lacking formal opinion data

C. batiodea, C. batoides

Synonyms

Ctenoptychius ordii was named by Davis (1881). It is a 3D body fossil. Its type locality is Aust Cliff bone bed (Ord coll, Bristol), which is in a Rhaetian coastal conglomerate in the Westbury Formation of the United Kingdom.

It was considered a nomen dubium by Woodward (1889).

Synonymy list

Year	Name and author
1880	Chondrichthyes Huxley p. 660
1881	Ctenoptychius ordii Davis p. 422 figs. Pl. 22:8
1984	Chondrichthyes Squires p. 56
1997	Chondrichthyes Young p. 11
1998	Chondrichthyes Barnes
1999	Chondrichthyes Dineley and Metcalf p. 11
2002	Chondrichthyes Sepkoski
2003	Chondrichthyes Meyer and Zardoya
2011	Chondrichthyes Long p. 242
2014	Chondrichthyes Fourriére et al. p. 380 figs. Table 1
2016	Chondrichthyes Nelson et al. p. 40
2017	Chondrichthyes Richter et al. p. 110
2019	Chondrichthyes van der Laan p. 34

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Rank	Name	Author
kingdom	Animalia	()
—	Bilateria
—	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
—	Deuterostomia
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1874

Rank	Name	Author
subphylum	Vertebrata
superclass	Gnathostomata
class	Chondrichthyes
class	Chondrichthyes

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Cl. Chondrichthyes Huxley 1880 [cartilaginous fish]

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Or. †Altholepidiformes

Fm. †Altholepididae Andreev et al. 2015

G. †Altholepis Karatajute-Talimaa 1997

Fm. †Tazakidae Andreev et al. 2015

G. †Tazakia Andreev et al. 2015

Or. †Antarctilamniformes Ginter et al. 2008

Fm. †Antarctilamnidae Ginter et al. 2008

G. †Antarctilamna Young 1982

†Antarctilamna prisca Young 1982

†Antarctilamna ultima Gess and Coates 2015

G. †Wellerodus Turner 1997

Fm. †Coronodontidae Harris 1951

G. †Coronodus Bryant 1935

Fm. †Bandringidae Zangerl 1969

G. †Bandringa Zangerl 1969

†Bandringa herdinae Zangerl 1979

†Bandringa rayi Zangerl 1969

Or. †Bradyodontida Woodward 1921

Subor. †Chimaerina Zangerl 1981

Invalid names: Deltodontidae Zangerl 1981 [empty]

G. †Jimpohlia Zangerl 1979

†Jimpohlia erinacea Zangerl 1979

Superor. †Cladoselachimorpha

Or. †Cladoselachiformes

Fm. †Cladoselachidae Dean 1894

G. †Cladoselache Dean 1894

†Cladoselache clarki Claypole 1893

†Cladoselache fyleri Newberry 1889

†Cladoselache kepleri Newberry 1888

†Cladoselache newberryi Dean 1894

†Cladoselache sinuatus Claypole 1893

G. †Maghriboselache Klug et al. 2023

†Maghriboselache mohamezanei Klug et al. 2023

G. †Monocladodus Claypole 1893

†Monocladodus clarki Claypole 1893

†Monocladodus pinnatus Claypole 1893

Or. †Symmoriiformes Zangerl 1981

G. †Dwykaselachus Oelofsen 1986

†Dwykaselachus oosthuizeni Oelofsen 1986

Fm. †Falcatidae Zangerl 1990

G. †Cosmoselachus Bronson et al. 2024

†Cosmoselachus mehlingi Bronson et al. 2024

G. †Damocles Lund 1986

†Damocles attenuatus Davis 1883

†Damocles serratus Lund 1986

G. †Denaea Pruvost 1922

†Denaea fournieri Pruvost 1922

†Denaea saltsmani Ginter and Hansen 2010

†Denaea wangi Wang et al. 2004

G. †Falcatus Lund 1985

†Falcatus falcatus St John and Worthern 1875

†Falcatus hamatus Agassiz 1837

†Falcatus proclivus St John and Worthern 1875

G. †Ozarcus Pradel et al. 2014

†Ozarcus mapesae Pradel et al. 2014

G. †Ferromirum Frey et al. 2020

†Ferromirum oukherbouchi Frey et al. 2020

G. †Kawichthys Pradel et al. 2011

†Kawichthys moodiei Pradel et al. 2011

G. †Kungurodus Ivanov 2017

†Kungurodus obliquus Ivanov 2005

G. †Stemmatias Hay 1899

†Stemmatias bicristatus St John and Worthen 1875

†Stemmatias bifurcatus St John and Worthen 1875

†Stemmatias cheiriformis St John and Worthen 1875

†Stemmatias compactus St John and Worthen 1875

†Stemmatias keokuk St John and Worthen 1875

†Stemmatias simplex St John and Worthen 1875

†Stemmatias symmetricus St John and Worthen 1875

Invalid names: Gunnellodus Wilimovksy 1954 [synonym], Stemmatodus St John and Worthen 1875 [replaced]

Fm. †Symmoriidae Dean 1909

G. †Cobelodus Zangerl 1973

†Cobelodus aculeatus Zangerl and Case 1976

†Cobelodus knightianus Cope 1891

G. †Danaea Pruvost 1922

†Danaea meccaensis Williams 1985

G. †Gutturensis Sequeira and Coates 2000

†Gutturensis neilsoni Traquair 1898

G. †Orestiacanthus Lund 1984

G. †Petrodus McCoy 1848

†Petrodus acutus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Petrodus patelliformis McCoy 1848

Invalid names: Petrodus buttersi Newberry 1889 [synonym], Petrodus occidentalis Newberry and Worthen 1866 [synonym]

†Petrodus pustulosus Newberry and Worthen 1870

G. †Stethacanthulus Zangerl 1990

†Stethacanthulus decorus Ivanov 1999

†Stethacanthulus longipeniculus Zangerl 1990

†Stethacanthulus meccaensis Williams 1985

G. †Stethacanthus Newberry 1889

†Stethacanthus altonensis St. John and Worthen 1875

†Stethacanthus compressus Newberry 1897

†Stethacanthus concavus Ginter 2018

†Stethacanthus depressus Stjohn and Worthen 1875

†Stethacanthus erectus Eastman 1903

†Stethacanthus exilis Hussakof 1913

†Stethacanthus gansuensis Wang et al. 2004

†Stethacanthus humilis Hussakof 1913

†Stethacanthus longipeniculus Zangerl 1990

†Stethacanthus praecursor Hussakof and Bryant 1918

†Stethacanthus productus Newberry 1897

†Stethacanthus tumidus Newberry 1889

Invalid names: Cladodus hibberti Agassiz 1843 [nomen dubium], Pinegocaptus Minikh 2006 [synonym]

G. †Symmorium Cope 1893

†Symmorium reniforme Cope 1893

Invalid names: Stethacanthidae Lund 1974 [synonym]

Invalid names: Denaeidae Berg 1940 [empty]

Superor. †Ctenacanthimorpha

Or. †Ctenacanthiformes Glikman 1964

G. †Acandylacanthus St. John and Worthen 1875

G. †Arauzia Mader 1986

Fm. †Ctenacanthidae Dean 1909

G. †Acondylacanthus John and Worthen 1875

†Acondylacanthus aequicostatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Acondylacanthus attenuatus Davis 1883

†Acondylacanthus browni Branson 1916

†Acondylacanthus colei Davis 1883

†Acondylacanthus distans M'Coy 1848

†Acondylacanthus gracilis Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Acondylacanthus gracillimus Newberry and Worthen 1866

Invalid names: Ctenacanthus cannaliratus Stjohn and Worthen 1883 [objective synonym]

†Acondylacanthus mudgianus Saint John and Worthen 1883

†Acondylacanthus nuperus St John and Worthen 1883

†Acondylacanthus rectus Saint John and Worthen 1883

†Acondylacanthus tenuistriatus Davis 1883

G. †Bythiacanthus StJohn and Worthen 1875

†Bythiacanthus brevis Agassiz 1836

†Bythiacanthus ianishevskyi Khabakob 1926

†Bythiacanthus lucasi Eastman 1902

†Bythiacanthus siderius Leidy 1870

†Bythiacanthus solidus Eastman 1903

†Bythiacanthus vanhornei StJohn and Worthen 1875

G. †Cladodoides Maisey 2001

†Cladodoides wildungensis Maisey 2001

G. †Cladodus Agassiz 1843

†Cladodus acuminatus Newberry 1856

†Cladodus alternatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Cladodus angulatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Cladodus bellifer St John and Worthen 1875

Invalid names: Cladodus praenuntius St John and Worthen 1875 [synonym]

†Cladodus claypolei Hay 1899

Invalid names: Cladodus magnificus Claypole 1894 [replaced]

†Cladodus concinnus Newberry 1875

†Cladodus coniger Hay 1899

Invalid names: Cladodus carinatus Newberry 1889 [replaced]

†Cladodus costatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Cladodus deflexus Newberry and Worthen 1870

†Cladodus elegans Newberry and Worthen 1870

Invalid names: Cladodus intercostatus St John and Worthen 1875 [synonym], Cladodus mucronatus Davis 1883 [synonym]

†Cladodus euglypheus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Cladodus exiguus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Cladodus exilis Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Cladodus fulleri Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Cladodus gomphoides Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Cladodus gracilis Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Cladodus hertzeri Newberry 1875

†Cladodus ischypus Newberry and Worthen 1870

†Cladodus keokuk Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Cladodus lamnoides Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Cladodus marginatus Agassiz 1843

Invalid names: Cladodus acutus Agassiz 1843 [synonym], Cladodus laevis M'Coy 1848 [synonym]

†Cladodus micropus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Cladodus mirabilis Agassiz 1843

Invalid names: Cladodus basalis Davis 1883 [synonym], Cladodus splendens Newberry 1897 [synonym]

†Cladodus monroei Eastman 1900

†Cladodus newmani Tuomey 1858

†Cladodus pandatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Cladodus parvulus Newberry 1875

†Cladodus pattersoni Newberry 1875

†Cladodus politus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Cladodus raricostatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Cladodus rivipetrosi Claypole 1893

†Cladodus robustus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Cladodus romingeri Newberry 1875

†Cladodus salinarius Reed 1931

†Cladodus subulatus Newberry 1875

†Cladodus terrelli Newberry 1899

†Cladodus tumidus Newberry 1899

†Cladodus turritus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Cladodus vanhornei St John and Worthen 1875

†Cladodus zygopus Newberry and Worthen 1866

Invalid names: Cladodus conicus Agassiz 1843 [nomen dubium], Cladodus curvus Davis 1883 [nomen dubium], Cladodus milleri Agassiz 1843 [nomen dubium], Cladodus parvus Agassiz 1843 [nomen dubium], Styptobasis Cope 1891 [synonym]

G. †Ctenacanthus Agassiz 1836

†Ctenacanthus abnormis Giebel 1858

†Ctenacanthus acutus Eastman 1897

†Ctenacanthus aequistriatus Davis 1879

†Ctenacanthus amblyxiphias Cope 1891

†Ctenacanthus angulatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Ctenacanthus angustus Newberry 1889

†Ctenacanthus burlingtonensis Stjohn and Worthen 1875

†Ctenacanthus buttersi St John and Worthen 1883

†Ctenacanthus chemungensis Claypole 1885

†Ctenacanthus clarkii Newberry 1889

†Ctenacanthus cliftonensis Branson and Mehl 1938

†Ctenacanthus compressus Newberry 1889

Invalid names: Ctenacanthus clarki Newberry 1889 [synonym]

†Ctenacanthus costatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Ctenacanthus coxianus Stjohn and Worthen 1883

†Ctenacanthus cylindricus Newberry 1889

†Ctenacanthus decussatus Eastman 1902

†Ctenacanthus denticulatus McCoy 1855

†Ctenacanthus depressus Newberry 1897

†Ctenacanthus elegans Tuomey 1858

†Ctenacanthus excavatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Ctenacanthus fallax Woodward 1891

†Ctenacanthus formosus Newberry 1873

†Ctenacanthus furcicarinatus Newberry 1875

†Ctenacanthus gemmatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Ctenacanthus gracillimus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Ctenacanthus gradocostatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Ctenacanthus gurleyi Newberry 1897

†Ctenacanthus keokuk Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Ctenacanthus laevis Davis 1883

†Ctenacanthus littoni Newberry 1889

†Ctenacanthus major Agassiz 1836

Invalid names: Ctenacanthus deflexus St. John and Worthen 1883 [objective synonym], Ctenacanthus harrisoni St. John and Worthen 1883 [objective synonym], Ctenacanthus maximus de Koninck 1878 [synonym], Ctenacanthus salopiensis Davis 1883 [objective synonym], Ctenacanthus spectabilis St. John and Worthen 1875 [objective synonym], Ctenacanthus tenuistriatus Agassiz 1836 [objective synonym], Ctenacanthus varians St. John and Worthen 1875 [objective synonym]

†Ctenacanthus marshii Newberry 1873

†Ctenacanthus mayi Newberry and Worthen 1870

†Ctenacanthus minor Davis 1879

†Ctenacanthus mutabilis Branson 1933

†Ctenacanthus obscuracostatus Branson 1916

†Ctenacanthus ornatus Agassiz 1836

†Ctenacanthus pellensis Saint John and Worthen 1883

†Ctenacanthus pugiunculus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Ctenacanthus pustulatus Davis 1883

†Ctenacanthus randalli Newberry 1889

†Ctenacanthus sculptus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Ctenacanthus similis Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Ctenacanthus speciosus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Ctenacanthus triangularis Newberry 1873

†Ctenacanthus venustus Eastman 1902

†Ctenacanthus vetustus Newberry 1873

†Ctenacanthus wrighti Newberry 1884

†Ctenacanthus xiphias Saint John and Worthen 1883

Invalid names: Ctenacanthus crenatus McCoy 1855 [nomen dubium], Ctenacanthus crenulatus Agassiz 1837 [nomen nudum]

G. †Glikmanius Ginter et al. 2005

†Glikmanius culmenis Koot et al. 2013

†Glikmanius myachkovensis Lebedev 2001

†Glikmanius occidentalis Leidy 1859

Invalid names: Cladodus girtyi Hay 1900 [synonym], Cladodus mortifer Newberry and Worthen 1866 [synonym], Phoebodus knightianus Eastman 1903 [synonym]

G. †Glymmatacanthus StJohn and Worhten 1875

†Glymmatacanthus irishii StJohn et al. 1883

†Glymmatacanthus petrodoides StJohn et al. 1883

†Glymmatacanthus rudis StJohn et al. 1883

G. †Tamiobatis Eastman 1897

†Tamiobatis springeri St. John and Worthen 1875

†Tamiobatis succinctus St. John and Worthen 1875

†Tamiobatis vetustus Eastman 1897

†Tamiobatis wachsmuthi St. John and Worthen 1875

Invalid names: Anodontacanthus ruthenorum Chabakov 1928 [nomen nudum]

Superfm. †Ctenacanthoidea Zangerl 1981

G. †Anaclitacanthus St. John and Worthen 1875

†Anaclitacanthus semicostatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

G. †Asteroptychius Agassiz 1843

†Asteroptychius bellulus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Asteroptychius bellus Branson 1906

†Asteroptychius elegans Newberry 1889

†Asteroptychius gracilis Newberry 1897

†Asteroptychius keokuk Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Asteroptychius ornatus Agassiz 1843

†Asteroptychius sanctiludovici Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Asteroptychius semiornatus M'Coy 1848

†Asteroptychius tenellus Saint John and Worthen 1883

†Asteroptychius tenuis Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Asteroptychius triangularis Newberry and Worthen 1870

†Asteroptychius vetustus Saint John and Worthen 1875

G. †Carinacanthus Bryant 1934

†Carinacanthus jepseni Bryant 1934

G. †Emerikodus Trinajstic and George 2009

†Emerikodus ektrapelus Trinajstic and George 2009

G. †Pyknotylacanthus Mutter and Rieber 2005

†Pyknotylacanthus humboldtensis Davidson 1919

†Pyknotylacanthus spathianus Mutter and Rieber 2005

G. †Rhombacanthus Williams 1985

†Rhombacanthus zangerli Williams 1985

G. †Wodnika Münster 1843

†Wodnika althausi Münster 1840

Invalid names: Strophodus angustus Münster 1843 [synonym], Strophodus arcuatus Münster 1840 [synonym]

†Wodnika ocoyae Jordan and Gilbert 1919

†Wodnika striatula Münster 1843

Invalid names: Radamas macrocephalus Münster 1843 [synonym]

Invalid names: Radamas Münster 1843 [synonym]

Invalid names: Tamiobatidae Hay 1902 [empty]

G. †Dracopristis Hodnett et al. 2021

†Dracopristis hoffmanorum Hodnett et al. 2021

G. †Goodrichthys

Invalid names: Moythomasina Fowler 1958 [objective synonym]

G. †Grossosteus White and Moy-Thomas 1940

Invalid names: Coelosteus Gross 1930 [replaced]

Fm. †Heslerodidae Maisey 2010

G. †Heslerodus Ginter 2002

†Heslerodus divergens Trautschold 1879

Invalid names: Phoebodus heslerorum Williams 1985 [synonym]

G. †Kaibabvenator Hodnett et al. 2012

†Kaibabvenator swiftae Hodnett et al. 2012

G. †Moyacanthus

G. †Nanoskalme Hodnett et al. 2012

†Nanoskalme natans Hodnett et al. 2012

G. †Neosaivodus Hodnett et al. 2012

†Neosaivodus flagstaffensis Hodnett et al. 2012

G. †Pororhiza

G. †Saivodus Duffin and Ginter 2006

†Saivodus striatus Agassiz 1843

Invalid names: Cladodus corrugatus Croneis 1927 [synonym], Cladodus curtus Davis 1883 [synonym], Cladodus eccentricus St John and Worthen 1875 [synonym], Cladodus elongatus Davis 1883 [synonym], Cladodus ferox Newberry and Worthen 1866 [synonym], Cladodus grandis Newberry and Worthen 1866 [synonym], Cladodus hornei Davis 1883 [synonym], Cladodus magnificus Tuomey 1858 [synonym], Cladodus prototypus Eastman 1907 [synonym], Cladodus spinosus Newberry and Worthen 1866 [synonym], Cladodus stenopus Newberry and Worthen 1866 [synonym]

Or. †Squatinactiformes Zangerl 1981

Fm. †Squatinactidae Cappetta et al. 1993

G. †Squatinactis Lund and Zangerl 1974

†Squatinactis caudispinatus Lund and Zangerl 1974

G. †Doliodus Traquair 1893

†Doliodus latispinosus Traquair 1893

G. †Duplisuggestus Johns 1997

†Duplisuggestus duplirugosus Johns 1997

†Duplisuggestus profundisulcus Johns 1997

Infracl. Elasmobranchii Bonaparte 1838 [elasmobranch]

Fm. †Agaleidae Rees 2000

G. †Agaleus Duffin and Ward 1983

†Agaleus dorsetensis Duffin and Ward 1983

G. †Amelacanthus Maisey 1982

†Amelacanthus laevis Davis 1883

†Amelacanthus plicatus Davis 1883

†Amelacanthus pustulatus Davis 1883

†Amelacanthus sulcatus Agassiz 1837

G. †Annulicorona Chen and Cuny 2003

†Annulicorona pyramidalis Chen and Cuny 2003

G. †Aporomicrodus Fowler 1958

Aporomicrodus laevis Emmons 1857

Invalid names: Microdus Emmons 1857 [replaced]

G. †Arduodens Hairapetian and Ginter 2009

G. †Carcharopsis Agassiz 1843

†Carcharopsis prototypus Agassiz 1843

†Carcharopsis wortheni Newberry and Worthen 1866

Invalid names: Dicrenodus texanus Eastman 1917 [synonym]

G. †Carinasubcorona Johns 1997

†Carinasubcorona bamaolinense Chen 2002

†Carinasubcorona subradiciplana Johns 1997

G. †Celtiberina Wang 1993

Fm. Cestraciontidae Bonaparte 1838 [bullhead shark]

G. †Diclitodus Davis 1883

†Diclitodus scitulus Davis 1883

G. †Scoliorhiza Raymond 1925

†Scoliorhiza kellyi Raymond 1925

†Scoliorhiza whitei St John and Worthen 1875

G. †Changxingselache Wang et al. 2007

†Changxingselache wangi Wang et al. 2007

Or. †Cladoselachida Dean 1909

G. †Iberolepis Mader 1986

G. †Lunalepis Mader 1986

G. †Complanicorona Johns 1997

†Complanicorona glabra Johns 1997

†Complanicorona rugosimargines Johns 1997

†Complanicorona subrugosa Johns 1997

G. †Coniunctio Johns 1997

†Coniunctio aequirugosa Johns 1997

†Coniunctio multirugosa Johns 1997

G. †Eunemacanthus StJohn and Worhten 1883

†Eunemacanthus costatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Eunemacanthus heterogyrus McCoy 1855

Invalid names: Ctenacanthus heterogyrus Agassiz 1837 [objective synonym]

†Eunemacanthus keytei Branson 1916

†Eunemacanthus venator Khabakob 1928

Unr. Euselachiformes Maisey 1975

Or. Batoidei

Subor. †Sarcura

Invalid names: Asterodermidae [empty]

Invalid names: Ganopristinidea Case 1978 [empty], Narcaciontes [empty]

Unr. Euselachii Hay 1902

G. †Acronemus Rieppel 1982

†Acronemus tuberculatus Bassani 1886

Invalid names: Acrodus bicarinatus Bassani 1886 [synonym]

G. †Artiodus Ivanov and Duffin 2017

†Artiodus prominens Ivanov and Duffin 2017

G. †Cheirostephanus Casier 1958

†Cheirostephanus hurzeleri Casier 1958

G. †Favusodus Li et al. 2022

†Favusodus orientalis Li et al. 2022

Subor. †Galei

Fm. †Ginglystomidae

G. †Nebrodes Garman 1913

G. †Plicodus Winkler 1874

Fm. †Rhineodontidae

G. †Micristodus Gill 1865

Invalid names: Lamnoidei [empty]

Unr. Galeoidei

Fm. †Galeidae

G. †Aprion Müller and Henle 1839

G. †Boreogaleus Gill 1861

G. †Calliscyllium Tanaka 1912

G. †Cymocephalus Klein 1777

G. †Cynias Gill 1903

G. †Dirrhizodon Klunzinger 1870

G. †Eridacnis Smith 1913

G. †Eulamia Gill 1861

G. †Gyrace Jordan and Hannibal 1922

G. †Hypopriondon Gill 1861

G. †Isoplagiodon Gill 1861

G. †Leptocarcharias Günther 1879

G. †Leptocarias Smith 1837

G. †Myrmillo Gistel 1848

G. †Platypodon Poey 1876

G. †Pleuracromylon Gill 1864

G. †Pseudogaleus Jaekel 1894

G. †Rhinotriacis Gill 1862

G. †Rhizoprion Ogilby 1915

G. †Scylliogaleus Boulenger 1902

G. †Thalassorhinus Müller and Henle 1838

Fm. †Pliotremidae

G. Pliotrema

G. †Hueneichthys Reif 1977

†Hueneichthys costatus Reif 1977

Infracl. †Hybodonta

Or. †Hybodontiformes Patterson 1966

G. †Cassisodus Ginter and Sun 2007

G. †Doratodus Schmid 1861

G. †Hamiltonichthys Maisey 1989

G. †Hubeiodus Shang et al. 2008 [Hubei tooth]

Fm. †Hybodontidae Agassiz 1834

G. †Mesodmodus

G. †Omanoselache Koot et al. 2013

G. †Onychoselache Dick 1978

Fm. †Pseudodalatiidae Reif 1978

G. †Reesodus Koot et al. 2013

Fm. †Sphenacanthidae Maisey 1982

Invalid names: Xenosynechodontidae Glikman 1980 [synonym]

Fm. †Steinbachodontidae Reif 1980

G. †Teresodus Koot et al. 2013

Fm. †Thaiodontidae Cuny et al. 2008

Invalid names: Hybodontoidea Agassiz 1834 [invalid subgroup]

Fm. †Listracanthidae Martill et al. 2014

G. †Acanthorhachis Martill et al. 2014

†Acanthorhachis spinatus Bolton 1896

Invalid names: Listracanthus wardi Woodward 1891 [synonym]

G. †Listracanthus Newberry and Worthen 1870

†Listracanthus hystrix Newberry and Worthen 1870

Invalid names: Listracanthus beyrichi von Koenen 1879 [synonym], Listracanthus eliasi Hibbard 1938 [synonym], Listracanthus hildrethi Newberry 1875 [synonym], Listracanthus woltersi Schmidt 1949 [synonym]

†Listracanthus pectenatus Mutter and Neuman 2006

Unr. Neoselachii Compagno 1977

Or. †Anachronistiformes Ivanov and Duffin 2024

Fm. †Anachronistidae Duffin and Ward 1983

Unr. Batoidea [ray]

Subor. †Masticura Gill 1872

Superfm. †Rhinobatoidea

Invalid names: Pristiformes [empty]

Superor. Batomorphii Cappetta 1980

Fm. †Archaeobatidae Delsate and Candoni 2001

Fm. †Belemnobatidae Suteethorn et al. 2013

G. †Enantiobatis Cappetta and Case 1999

Or. Myliobatiformes Compagno 1973 [stingray]

Or. Rajiformes Berg 1940 [ray]

Or. †Rhinopristiformes Last et al. 2016

Or. †Sclerorhynchiformes Kriwet 2004

Or. Torpediniformes [electric ray]

Invalid names: Arthropteridae Jordan 1905 [empty], Spathobatidae Dames 1888 [empty]

G. †Duffinselache Andreev and Cuny 2012

†Duffinselache holwellensis Duffin 1998

G. †Eorapax Saugen et al. 2025

†Eorapax serrasis Saugen et al. 2025

Superor. Galeomorphii Compagno 1973

Or. Carcharhiniformes Compagno 1973 [ground shark]

G. †Jurobatos Thies 1983

Or. Lamniformes Berg 1958 [mackerel shark]

Invalid names: Galeoidea Hay 1902 [empty]

G. †Grozonodon Cuny et al. 1998

†Grozonodon candaui Cuny et al. 1998

G. †Hopleacanthus Schaumberg 1982

†Hopleacanthus richelsdorfensis Schaumberg 1982

G. †Nanocetorhinus Underwood and Schlogl 2013

†Nanocetorhinus tuberculatus Underwood and Schlogl 2013

G. †Odontorhytis Bohm 1926

†Odontorhytis pappenheimi Bohm 1926

G. †Rhomaleodus Andreev and Cuny 2012

†Rhomaleodus budurovi Andreev and Cuny 2012

Superor. †Squalea Shirai 1996

G. †Microtoxodus Delsate 2003

Invalid names: Hypnosqualea Carvalho and Maisey 1996 [empty]

G. †Vallisodus Duffin 2021

†Vallisodus coppi Duffin 1982

Invalid names: Vallisia Duffin 1982 [replaced]

Invalid names: Dalatiiformes Shirai 1992 [empty], Galea Shirai 1996 [empty], Squatinomorphii Compagno 1973 [empty]

Or. †Protacrodontiformes

Fm. †Protacrodontidae Cappetta et al. 1993

G. †Dalmehodus Long and Hairapetian 2000

G. †Deihim Ginter et al. 2002

G. †Protacrodus Jaekel 1925

Invalid names: Protacrodontoidea Zangerl 1981 [invalid subgroup]

G. †Surcaudalus Leu 1989

†Surcaudalus rostratus Leu 1989

G. †Tuberospina Lebedev 1995

Invalid names: Dasyatiformes [empty], Musteliformes [empty], Notidaniformes [empty], Scyliorhiniformes [empty], Selachimorpha Nelson 1984 [empty], Squatinoidei Berg 1940 [empty], Squatinorajiformes [empty], Synechodontidae Casier 1947 [empty]

G. †Eychlaodus Glikman 1957

G. †Fragilicorona Johns 1997

†Fragilicorona brevirostrum Johns 1997

†Fragilicorona labribrevirostrum Johns 1997

†Fragilicorona labricuspis Johns 1997

†Fragilicorona labritricuspis Johns 1997

†Fragilicorona paralabritricuspis Chen 2002

†Fragilicorona tricuspis Johns 1997

†Fragilicorona unicuspis Johns 1997

Or. Galeiformes

Invalid names: Isuroidei Garman 1913 [empty]

Superor. †Galeomorphi

G. †Coquanodon Greenfield 2025

†Coquanodon condamyi Coquand 1859

Invalid names: Orthodon Coquand 1859 [replaced]

G. †Erquitaia Cappetta 1989

G. †Heckelodes Greenfield 2025

†Heckelodes priscus Heckel 1854

Invalid names: Galeodes Heckel 1854 [replaced]

Or. Heterodontiformes Berg 1940 [bullhead shark]

Fm. Heterodontidae Gray 1851

G. †Acrodonchus Fraas 1889

G. †Amacanthus St John and Worthen 1875

G. †Centracion Gray 1831

G. †Centrodus Giebel 1848

G. †Chalazacanthus Davis 1883

G. †Drepanephorus Egerton 1872

G. †Echinodus Davis 1884

G. Heterodontus de Blainville 1816 [bullhead shark]

Invalid names: Cestracion Cuvier 1817 [synonym], Gyropleurodus Gill 1862 [synonym], Heterodontobatis Landemaine 1991 [synonym], Tropidodus Gill 1862 [synonym]

G. †Hoplonchus Davis 1876

G. †Hybodopsis Barkas 1878

G. †Lepracanthus Agassiz 1843

G. †Lispacanthus Davis 1883

G. †Paracestracion Koken in Zittel 1911

G. †Proheterodontus Underwood and Ward 2004

G. †Psilacanthus Quenstedt 1858

G. †Rhabdiodus

G. †Selachidea Quenstedt 1852

G. †Strongyliscus Jordan 1925

G. †Styracodus

Invalid names: Hybodontoidei Owen 1846 [empty]

G. †Hypsobatis Cappetta 1992

G. †Onchopristus

Or. Orectolobiformes Applegate 1972 [carpet shark]

G. †Akaimia Rees 2010

†Akaimia altucuspis Rees 2010

G. †Annea Thies 1983

†Annea carinata Thies 1983

†Annea maubeugei Delsate and Thies 1995

Fm. Crossorhinidae

G. Crossorhinus Muller and Henle 1841

G. †Dorsetoscyllium Underwood and Ward 2004

†Dorsetoscyllium belbekensis Trikolidi 2024

†Dorsetoscyllium terreafullonicum Underwood and Ward 2004

G. †Garrigascyllium Guinot et al. 2014

†Garrigascyllium aganticensis Guinot et al. 2014

G. †Heterophorcynus Underwood and Ward 2004

†Heterophorcynus microdon Underwood and Ward 2004

G. †Magistrauia Guinot et al. 2014

†Magistrauia unicaplicata Guinot et al. 2014

G. †Mesiteia Gorjanovic-Kramberger 1885

†Mesiteia daimeriesi Herman 1971

Invalid names: Rhina minuta Daimeries 1888 [replaced]

†Mesiteia emiliae Gorjanovic-Kramberger 1886

†Mesiteia humboldtii Reuss 1845

†Mesiteia ypresiensis Casier 1946

Subor. Orectoloboidei Applegate 1974

Fm. †Brachaeluridae Applegate 1972

Fm. Ginglymostomatidae Gill 1862 [nurse shark]

Fm. Hemiscylliidae Gill 1862

Fm. Orectolobidae Jordan and Fowler 1903 [wobbegong]

Fm. Rhincodontidae Müller and Henle 1839 [whale shark]

Fm. †Stegostomatidae Gill 1862

Invalid names: Hemiscyllioidea Naylor 2012 [empty], Orectoloboidea Maylor 2012 [empty]

G. †Ornatoscyllium Underwood and Ward 2004

†Ornatoscyllium freemani Underwood and Ward 2004

†Ornatoscyllium glashoffi Thies 1983

†Ornatoscyllium pattersoni Thies 1983

†Ornatoscyllium rugasimulatum Guinot et al. 2014

G. †Parahemiscyllium Guinot et al. 2014

†Parahemiscyllium underwoodwardi Guinot et al. 2014

Subor. Parascyllioidei

Fm. Parascylliidae Gill 1862 [collared carpetshark]

G. †Parasquatina Herman 1982

†Parasquatina cappettai Herman 1982

†Parasquatina jarvisi Guinot et al. 2012

†Parasquatina justinensis Guinot et al. 2012

†Parasquatina zitteli Pollerspöck and Beaury 2014

Fm. †Phorcynidae Herman and van Waes 2014

G. †Phorcynis Thiollière 1854

Fm. †Rhinocodontidae Garman 1913

G. †Palaeorhincodon Herman 1975

Invalid names: Palaeocarcharidae [empty]

G. †Rajorhina Jaekel 1894

G. †Reifia Duffin 1980

†Reifia minuta Duffin 1980

Or. †Synechodontiformes Duffin and Ward 1993

G. †Keichouodus Li et al. 2022

†Keichouodus nimaiguensis Li et al. 2022

G. †Mucrovenator Cuny et al. 2001

†Mucrovenator minimus Cuny et al. 2001

Fm. †Palaeospinacidae Regan 1906

G. †Antrigoulia Guinot et al. 2014

G. †Macrourogaleus Fowler 1947

G. †Nemacanthus Agassiz 1836

Invalid names: Desmacanthus Quenstedt 1858 [synonym], Rhomphaiodon Duffin 1993 [synonym]

G. †Palidiplospinax Klug and Kriwet 2008

G. †Paraorthacodus Glikman 1957

G. †Synechodus Woodward 1888

Invalid names: Palaeospinax Egerton 1872 [nomen dubium], Palaeospinax priscus Agassiz 1838 [nomen dubium], Paraorthacodidae Klug 2010 [synonym]

G. †Parascylloides Thies et al. 2014

†Parascylloides turnerae Thies et al. 2014

G. †Polyfaciodus Koot and Cuny 2014

†Polyfaciodus pandus Koot and Cuny 2014

Fm. †Pseudonotidanidae Underwood and Ward 2004

G. †Pseudonotidanus Underwood and Ward 2004

G. †Welcommia Cappetta 1990

G. †Safrodus Koot and Cuny 2014

†Safrodus tozeri Koot and Cuny 2014

G. †Wimanodon Saugen et al. 2025

†Wimanodon marmieri Saugen et al. 2025

G. †Youssoubatis Cappetta 1992

G. †Glabrisubcorona Johns 1997

†Glabrisubcorona arduidevexa Johns 1997

†Glabrisubcorona tendibasis Johns 1997

†Glabrisubcorona vadosidevexa Johns 1997

G. †Gondwanodus Daymond 1999

†Gondwanodus irwinensis Daymond 1999

Unr. †Ichthyodorulites Buckland

G. †Cyrtacanthus Newberry 1873

†Cyrtacanthus dentatus Newberry 1873

G. †Gampsacanthus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Gampsacanthus latus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Gampsacanthus squamosus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Gampsacanthus typus Saint John and Worthen 1875

G. †Lecracanthus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Lecracanthus unguiculus Saint John and Worthen 1875

G. †Marracanthus St. John and Worthen 1875

†Marracanthus rectus Newberry and Worthen 1866

G. †Phlyctaenacanthus Eastman 1898

†Phlyctaenacanthus telleri Eastman 1898

G. †Labascicorona Johns 1997

†Labascicorona alata Johns 1997

†Labascicorona longifossae Johns 1997

†Labascicorona mediflexura Johns 1997

†Labascicorona nitidifastigia Johns 1997

†Labascicorona trifastigia Johns 1997

G. †Labrilancea Johns 1997

†Labrilancea glabrisubcuspis Johns 1997

†Labrilancea glabrisubtricuspis Johns 1997

G. †Leonodus Mader 1986

G. †Lesnilomia Ginter 2008

G. †Lobaticorona Johns 1997

†Lobaticorona floridibasis Johns 1997

†Lobaticorona floriditabella Johns 1997

†Lobaticorona floriditurris Johns 1997

†Lobaticorona tumidibasis Johns 1997

†Lobaticorona tumiditabella Johns 1997

†Lobaticorona tumiditurris Johns 1997

Fm. †Lugalepididae Karatajute-Talimaa 1997

G. †Lugalepis Karatajute-Talimaa 1997

Fm. †Mcmurdodontidae White 1968

G. †Mcmurdodus

G. †Meishanselache Wang et al. 2007

†Meishanselache liui Wang et al. 2007

G. †Minuticorona Johns 1997

†Minuticorona triculmina Johns 1997

†Minuticorona uniculmen Johns 1997

G. †Oniscina Goldenberg 1873

†Oniscina ornata Goldenberg 1873

Invalid names: Arthropleura ornata Goldenberg 1873 [synonym]

G. †Ornathiliabrilance Johns 1997

G. †Ornatilabrilancea Johns 1997

†Ornatilabrilancea circacarina Johns 1997

†Ornatilabrilancea solicarina Johns 1997

Fm. †Ostenoselachidae Duffin 1998

G. †Ostenoselache Duffin 1998

†Ostenoselache stenosoma Duffin 1998

Infracl. Osteodonti

Superor. Lamnae

Or. Odontaspidida

Superfm. Isuroidea Glikman 1964

Superfm. Odontaspidoidea

Superfm. †Scapanorhynchoidea

Invalid names: Anacoracoidea [empty]

G. †Parvicorona Chen and Cuny 2003

†Parvicorona dacrysulca Chen and Cuny 2003

G. †Parvidiabolus Johns 1997

†Parvidiabolus acutus Johns 1997

†Parvidiabolus convexus Johns 1997

†Parvidiabolus longisulcus Johns 1997

†Parvidiabolus obliquus Johns 1997

G. †Parviscapha Johns 1997

†Parviscapha trivela Johns 1997

†Parviscapha univelum Johns 1997

G. †Physonemus Agassiz 1843

†Physonemus arcuatus McCoy 1848

†Physonemus asper Leidy 1859

†Physonemus carinatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Physonemus gemmatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Physonemus gigas Newberry and Worthen 1870

†Physonemus gigii Branson 1916

†Physonemus hamuspiscatorius Eastman 1903

†Physonemus mirabilis St John and Worthen 1875

†Physonemus pandatus Eastman 1903

†Physonemus stellatus Newberry 1889

†Physonemus striatus Moore 1929

†Physonemus subteres Agassiz 1843

Invalid names: Batacanthus St John and Worthen 1870 [synonym], Drepanacanthus Newberry and Worthen 1866 [synonym], Gnathacanthus Davis 1883 [synonym], Xystracanthus Leidy 1859 [synonym]

Or. †Plagiostomi Cuvier

Fm. Carcharidae

G. †Rhaibodus Bohm 1926

†Rhaibodus rapax Bohm 1926

G. †Narcopterus Agassiz 1835

Invalid names: Eulamiidae [empty], Hexeptranchidae [empty], Raiae [empty]

G. †Platylithophycus Johnson and Howell 1948

†Platylithophycus cretaceus Johnson and Howell 1948

G. †Raineria Osswald 1928

†Raineria osswaldi Cappetta 1987

G. †Rosaodus Li et al. 2022

†Rosaodus xingyiensis Li et al. 2022

G. †Rugosicorona Johns 1997

†Rugosicorona devexa Johns 1997

G. †Sacrisubcorona Johns 1997

†Sacrisubcorona circabasis Johns et al. 1997

†Sacrisubcorona submedicarina Johns 1997

Unr. Selachii [shark]

Subor. †Asterospondyli Haase

Invalid names: Gestracionidae [empty]

G. †Cooperodon Whitley 1956

†Cooperodon typicalis Gunnell 1933

Invalid names: Cooperella Gunnell 1933 [replaced]

Subor. †Ctenacanthoidei Moy-Thomas and Miles 1971

Invalid names: Londichiidae Herman 1977 [empty]

G. †Fortscottella Gunnell 1931

†Fortscottella gemmicula Gunnell 1933

G. †Hammondella Gunnell 1933

†Hammondella crassa Gunnell 1933

†Hammondella globosa Gunnell 1933

G. †Idiacanthus Gunnell 1933

G. †Kirkella Gunnell 1933

†Kirkella elliptica Gunnell 1933

†Kirkella indentata Gunnell 1933

†Kirkella typicalis Gunnell 1933

G. †Moreyella Gunnell 1933

†Moreyella aviculiformis Gunnell 1933

†Moreyella trilobata Gunnell 1933

†Moreyella typicalis Gunnell 1933

Fm. Notidanidae Bonaparte

G. †Xenodolamia Leidy 1877

†Xenodolamia barbadica Casier 1958

†Xenodolamia eocaena Woodward 1889

†Xenodolamia pravus Leidy 1877

†Xenodolamia simplex Leidy 1877

Subor. Rajae

Invalid names: Pachyura Gill 1872 [empty]

Subor. Squali Müller and Henle 1838

Invalid names: Petalodontoidea Hay 1902 [empty], Squaloidea [empty]

Superor. †Squalimorphi

Invalid names: Pristiphoriformes [empty], Squalida Nelson 2016 [empty], Squatinida [empty]

Subor. †Tectospondyli

Invalid names: Squaloidei [empty]

Fm. Trygonidae Müller and Henle 1837

G. †Xiphotrygon Cope 1879

†Xiphotrygon acutidens Cope 1879

Invalid names: Anacoracoidei [empty], Centrobati Jaekel 1911 [empty], Heterodontoidea Hay 1902 [empty], Notidani Jaekel 1911 [empty], Notidanoidei [empty], Palaeosquali Jaekel 1911 [empty], Rhinae Jaekel 1911 [empty], Rhinoraji Jaekel 1911 [empty], Scyllidae [empty], Spinacidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Statodonti Jaekel 1911 [empty], Trirostri Jaekel 1911 [empty]

G. †Serratocorona Chen 2002

†Serratocorona halberdiforme Chen 2002

G. †Siamodus

Superor. Squalomorphi Compagno 1973

Or. †Echinorhiniformes

Fm. Echinorhinidae

G. Echinorhinus

G. †Gibbechinorhinus Cappetta 1990

Fm. †Orthechinorhinidae Herman and van Waes 2014

G. †Orthechinorhinus Adnet 2006

Fm. †Pseudoechinorhinidae Herman and van Waes 2014

G. †Pseudoechinorhinus Pfeil 1983

Or. Hexanchiformes de Buen 1926

Fm. Chlamydoselachidae

G. Chlamydoselachus Garman 1884

G. †Dykeius Cappetta et al. 2019

G. †Rolfodon Cappetta et al. 2019

Fm. †Crassonotidae Kriwet and Klug 2012

G. †Pachyhexanchus Cappetta 1990

Fm. Heptranchidae Barnard 1925

G. Heptranchias Rafinesque 1810 [sevengill shark]

Fm. Hexanchidae Gray 1851 [cow shark]

G. †Eonotidanus Pfeil 1893

G. †Gladioserratus Underwood et al. 2011

G. Hexanchus Rafinesque 1810 [sixgill shark]

G. †Monopterhinus Blainville 1816

G. †Notidanion Jordan 1923

G. †Notidanodon Cappetta 1975

G. Notidanus Cuvier 1817

G. Notorhynchus Ayres 1855 [sevengill shark]

G. Notorynchus Ayers 1855

G. †Protoheptranchias Cappetta et al. 2019

G. †Xampylodon Cappetta et al. 2019

Invalid names: Eonotidanidae Pfiel 1983 [synonym]

Subor. †Hexanchoidei Hay 1902

Fm. †Crassodontidanidae Kriwet and Klug 2016

Fm. †Komoksodontidae Cappetta et al. 2019

G. †Komoksodon Cappetta et al. 2019

Fm. †Orthacodidae Glikman 1957

G. †Archaeogracilidens Villalobos-Segura et al. 2025

G. †Occitanodus Guinot et al. 2014

Invalid names: Orthacodontidae de Beaumont 1960 [objective synonym]

G. †Paraheptranchias

G. †Paranotidanus Ward and Thies 1987

†Paranotidanus serratus Fraas 1855

†Paranotidanus wiedenrothi Thies 1983

G. †Thrinax

†Thrinax baumgartneri Pfeil 1983

G. †Weltonia

†Weltonia ancistrodon Arambourg 1952

Or. Pristiophoriformes Berg 1958 [saw shark]

G. †Ikamuius Keyes 1979

Fm. Pristiophoridae Bleeker 1859

Subfm. †Pliotrematinae Fowler 1947

G. †Pochitaserra Villafaña et al. 2025

G. Pristiophorus Bleeker 1859

Invalid names: Propristiophorus Woodward 1932 [synonym]

Invalid names: Pristiophorinae Bleeker 1859 [empty]

Or. †Protospinaciformes

Fm. †Protospinacidae Woodward 1919

G. †Breviacanthus Maisey 1976

G. †Protospinax Woodward 1919

†Protospinax annectans Woodward 1919

†Protospinax bilobatus Underwood and Ward 2004

†Protospinax carvalhoi Underwood and Ward 2004

†Protospinax lochensteinensis Thies 1983

†Protospinax magnus Underwood and Ward 2004

†Protospinax planus Underwood 2002

Or. Squaliformes Goodrich 1909

Fm. Centrophoridae Bleeker 1859 [gulper shark]

G. †Centrodeania Feichtinger et al. 2024

G. Centrophorus Müller and Henle 1837

G. Deania Jordan and Snyder 1902

G. †Centropterus Costa 1856

†Centropterus lividus Costa 1856

Fm. Dalatiidae Gray 1851

G. †Acrosqualiolus Adnet 2006

G. †Angoumeius Adnet et al. 2006

G. Dalatias Rafinesque 1810

G. †Eosqualiolus Adnet 2006

G. Euprotomicrus Gill 1864

G. †Hessinodon Cappetta et al. 2019

G. Isistius Gill 1864

G. †Oligodalatias Welton 2016

G. †Squaliodalatias Adnet et al. 2006

G. Squaliolus Smith and Radcliffe 1912

Fm. †Eoscymnidae Herman and van den Eeckhaut 2010

G. †Eoscymnus Herman and van den Eeckhaut 2010

Fm. Etmopteridae Fowler 1941

G. Aculeola de Buen 1959

G. Centroscyllium Müller and Henle 1838

G. †Eoetmopterus Muller and Schollmann 1989

G. Etmopterus Rafinesque 1810

G. †Incognitorapax Feichtinger et al. 2024

G. Miroscyllium Shirai and Nakaya 1990

G. †Paraetmopterus Adnet 2006

G. †Proetmopterus Siverson 1993

G. Trigonognathus Mochizuki and Ohe 1990

Invalid names: Aculeolidae Herman and van Waes 2012 [synonym]

G. †Fredipristis Feichtinger et al. 2022

†Fredipristis eximia Feichtinger et al. 2022

Fm. Oxynotidae

G. †Centrina Cuvier 1817

G. Oxynotus Rafinesque 1810

G. †Paraechinorhinus

Fm. Scymnorhinidae

G. †Borborodes Gistel 1848

G. †Leius Kner 1865

G. Scymnorhinus Bonaparte 1846

G. †Xenodus Miller 1892

Invalid names: Goniodus Newberry 1889 [replaced]

Fm. Somniosidae Jordan 1888 [sleeper shark]

G. Centroscymnus Barbosa du Bocage and Brito Capello 1864

G. Centroselachus Garman 1913

G. †Cretascymnus Cappetta 1980

G. †Heteroscymnus Tanaka 1912

G. †Laemargus Müller and Henle 1838

G. †Leiodon Wood 1847

G. †Palaeocentroscymnus Pollerspöck 2018

G. †Protoxynotus Herman 1975

Invalid names: Paraphorosoides Kriwet et al. 2006 [synonym]

G. †Rhinoscymnus Gill 1864

G. †Scymnodalatias Garrick 1956

G. Scymnodon Bocage and Capello 1864

G. Somniosus Le Sueur 1818 [sleeper shark]

G. Zameus Jordan and Fowler 1903

Fm. Squalidae Bonaparte 1834 [dogfish shark]

G. †Acanthidium Lowe 1839

G. †Acanthorhinus Blainville 1816

G. †Atractophorus Gilchrist 1922

G. †Centrophoroides Davis 1887

G. †Centrosqualus Signeux 1950

G. Cirrhigaleus Tanaka 1912

G. †Entoxychirus Gill 1862

G. †Lepidorhinus Bonaparte 1845

G. †Machephilus Johnson 1867

G. †Megasqualus Herman 1982

G. †Microetmopterus Siverson 1993

G. †Nasisqualus Smith 1912

G. †Paracentroscyllium Alcock 1899

G. †Protocentrophorus Adnet et al. 2008

G. †Protosqualus Cappetta 1977

G. †Spinax Agassiz 1837

G. Squalus Linnaeus 1758

Invalid names: Acanthias Leach 1818 [objective synonym]

Invalid names: Dalatiinae Gray 1851 [empty], Spinacidae [synonym], Squalinae Bonaparte 1834 [empty]

G. †Squalogaleus Maisey 1976

†Squalogaleus woodwardi Maisey 1976

Invalid names: Dalatioidea Carvalho 1996 [invalid subgroup]

Or. Squatiniformes Buen 1926

Fm. †Pseudorhinidae Klug and Kriwet 2012

G. †Pseudorhina Jaekel 1898

Fm. Squatinidae Bonaparte 1838 [angel shark]

G. †Cretasquatina Maisey et al. 2020

G. †Squalraia De la Pylaie 1835

G. †Squatina Dumeril 1806

Invalid names: Hexanchida [empty]

G. †Suaviloquentia Johns 1997

†Suaviloquentia brevilingua Johns 1997

†Suaviloquentia longilingua Johns 1997

†Suaviloquentia obliquilingua Johns 1997

Fm. †Thrinacodontidae Grogan and Lund 2008

G. †Thrinacoselache Grogan and Lund 2008

†Thrinacoselache gracia Grogan and Lund 2008

G. †Undulaticorona Johns 1997

†Undulaticorona profundifossae Johns 1997

†Undulaticorona propensa Johns 1997

Or. †Xenacanthida Glikmann 1964

G. †Anodontacanthus Davis 1881

Fm. †Orthacanthidae Heyler and Poplin 1989

G. †Orthacanthus Agassiz 1843

†Orthacanthus adamas Babcock 2024

Invalid names: Orthacanthus gracilis Newberry 1875 [replaced]

†Orthacanthus buxieri Heyler and Poplin 1989

†Orthacanthus compressus Newberry 1856

Invalid names: Diplodus latus Newberry 1856 [synonym], Diplodus penetrans Dawson 1868 [synonym]

†Orthacanthus donnelljohnsi Johnson and Thayer 2009

†Orthacanthus gibbosus Agassiz 1843

†Orthacanthus gracilis Giebel 1848

†Orthacanthus lintonensis Babcock 2024

Invalid names: Diplodus gracilis Newberry 1856 [replaced]

†Orthacanthus milleri Agassiz 1843

†Orthacanthus minor Agassiz 1843

†Orthacanthus platypternus Cope 1884

†Orthacanthus pustulosus Agassiz 1843

†Orthacanthus texensis Cope 1888

Invalid names: Chilodus Giebel 1847 [synonym], Didymodus Cope 1883 [synonym], Diplodus Agassiz 1843 [synonym], Dittodus Owen 1867 [synonym], Giebelodus Whitley 1940 [synonym]

Invalid names: Cladodontomorphi Ginter et al. 2010 [empty], Cladodontomorphii Obruchev 1967 [empty], Cladodus hassiacus Gross 1937 [nomen dubium], Cladodus wildungensis Jaekel 1921 [nomen dubium], Cladoselachii Dean 1894 [empty], Coronodontida Zangerl 1981 [empty], Lamna (Sphenodus) longidens Agassiz 1843 [nomen dubium], Orodontida Zangerl 1981 [empty], Orthacodus Woodward 1889 [nomen dubium], Pleuracanthidae Woodward [empty], Pleuracanthodii [empty], Pristiorajea Cicimurri 2007 [empty], Proselachii Gadow 1898 [empty], Sphenodus Agassiz 1843 [nomen dubium], Sphenodus plana Agassiz 1843 [nomen dubium]

Or. †Elegestolepidida

Fm. †Elegestolepididae Andreev et al. 2017

G. †Elegestolepis Karatajute-Talimaa 1973

Fm. †Kannathalepididae Marss and Gagnier 2001

G. †Kannathalepis Marss and Gagnier 2001

†Kannathalepis milleri Marss and Gagnier 2001

G. †Eucentrurus Traquair 1901

G. †Fasciodus Henry 1876

†Fasciodus pectinatus Henry 1876

G. †Geisacanthus St John and Worthen 1875

G. †Gladbachus Heidtke and Kratschmer 2001

†Gladbachus adentatus Heidtke and Kratschmer 2001

G. †Gogoselachus Long et al. 2015

†Gogoselachus lynnbeazleyae Long et al. 2015

G. †Gracilisuggestus Johns 1997

†Gracilisuggestus triapices Johns 1997

†Gracilisuggestus uniapex Johns 1997

Subcl. Holocephali Bonaparte 1832 [chimaera]

Or. †Debeeriiformes

Fm. †Debeeriidae Grogan and Lund 2000

G. †Debeerius Grogan and Lund 2000

†Debeerius ellefseni Grogan and Lund 2000

G. †Heteropetalus

†Heteropetalus elegantulus Lund 1977

G. †Delphyodontos Lund 1980

†Delphyodontos dacriformes Lund 1980

G. †Edaphodus Egerton 1836

Invalid names: Passalodon Buckland 1838 [synonym]

Or. †Eugeneodontiformes Zangerl 1981

Superfm. †Caseodontoidea Zangerl 1981

G. †Campodus de Koninck 1844

†Campodus agassizianus Koninck 1844

†Campodus corrugatus Newberry and Worthen 1870

†Campodus scitulus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Campodus virginianus Saint John and Worthen 1875

Fm. †Caseodontidae Zangerl 1981

G. †Caseodus Zangerl 1981

G. †Erikodus Nielsen 1952

G. †Fadenia Nielsen 1932

G. †Ornithoprion

G. †Pirodus Lebedev 2001

G. †Romerodus Zangerl 1981

G. †Chiastodus Trautschold 1879

Fm. †Eugeneodontidae Zangerl 1981

G. †Bobbodus Zangerl 1981

G. †Eugeneodus Zangerl 1981

G. †Gilliodus Zangerl 1981

Invalid names: Orodus corrugatus Romer 1942 [nomen dubium]

G. †Tiaraju Richter 2007

Superfm. †Edestoidea Hay 1930

Fm. †Edestidae Jaekel 1899

G. †Edestus Leidy 1855

G. †Euctenius Traquair 1881

G. †Lestrodus

G. †Prospiraxis Williams 1887

G. †Protopirata Trautschold 1888

G. †Spiraxis Newberry 1885

G. †Syntomodus Obruchev 1964

G. †Paredestus Mutter and Neuman 2008

†Paredestus bricircum Mutter and Neuman 2008

Fm. †Helicampodontidae Itano and Lebedev 2023

G. †Helicampodus Branson 1935

†Helicampodus egloni Obruchev 1965

†Helicampodus kokeni Branson 1935

†Helicampodus qomolangma Zhang 1976

G. †Hunanohelicoprion Liu 1994

†Hunanohelicoprion xiandongensis Liu 1994

G. †Parahelicampodus Nielsen 1952

†Parahelicampodus sparcki Nielsen 1952

G. †Sinohelicoprion Liu and Chang 1963

†Sinohelicoprion changhsingensis Liu and Chang 1963

†Sinohelicoprion macrodontus Lei 1983

Fm. †Helicoprionidae Karpinsky 1911

G. †Helicoprion Karpinsky 1899

†Helicoprion bessonowi Karpinsky 1899

Invalid names: Helicoprion nevadensis Wheeler 1939 [synonym]

†Helicoprion davisii Woodward 1886

Invalid names: Helicoprion jingmenense Chen et al. 2007 [synonym], Helicoprion sierrensis Wheeler 1939 [synonym], Lissoprion ferrieri Hay 1907 [synonym]

†Helicoprion ergassaminon Bendix-Almgreen 1966

Invalid names: Lissoprion Hay 1907 [synonym]

G. †Karpinskiprion Lebedev and Itano 2023

†Karpinskiprion ivanovi Karpinsky 1924

Invalid names: Agassizodontidae Zangerl 1981 [synonym]

Invalid names: Campyloprion Eastman 1902 [nomen dubium], Campyloprion annectans Eastman 1902 [nomen dubium], Edestoidei [empty], Edistidae Jaekel 1899 [empty], Eugeneodontoidei [empty]

Fm. †Gregoriidae Lund and Grogan 2004

G. †Bealbonn Lund and Grogan 2004

†Bealbonn rogaire Lund and Grogan 2004

G. †Gregorius Lund and Grogan 2004

†Gregorius rexi Lund and Grogan 2004

G. †Srianta Lund and Grogan 2004

†Srianta dawsoni Lund and Grogan 2004

†Srianta iarlais Lund and Grogan 2004

†Srianta srianta Lund and Grogan 2004

Or. †Helodontiformes

Fm. †Helodontidae

G. †Helodus Agassiz 1838

†Helodus angulatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Helodus biformis Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Helodus carbonarius Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Helodus coniculus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Helodus consolidatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Helodus crenulatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Helodus denshumani Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Helodus denticulatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Helodus didymus Agassiz 1843

†Helodus elytra Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Helodus gibberulus Agassiz 1836

†Helodus gibbus Leidy 1857

†Helodus incisus Eastman 1903

†Helodus laevis Newberry 1879

†Helodus limax Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Helodus mammillaris Agassiz 1843

†Helodus planus Agassiz 1843

†Helodus politus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Helodus rudis M'Coy 1848

†Helodus rugosus Newberry and Worthen 1870

†Helodus simplex Agassiz 1838

†Helodus subpolitus Branson 1916

†Helodus subteres Agassiz 1836

†Helodus sulcatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Helodus undulatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Helodus wortheni Hay 1899

Superor. †Holocephalomorpha Lund 1986

Or. Chimaeriformes Obruchev 1953 [chimaera]

G. †Arctacanthus Nielsen 1932

†Arctacanthus exiguus Yamagishi 2004

†Arctacanthus multisectus Branson 1933

†Arctacanthus phosphoriensis Branson 1930

†Arctacanthus spitzbergensis Hulke 1873

†Arctacanthus uncinatus Nielsen 1932

†Arctacanthus wyomingensis Branson 1934

Invalid names: Dolophonodus uncinatus Branson 1933 [replaced]

Invalid names: Ancistriodus Branson 1933 [synonym], Dolophonodus Branson 1933 [synonym], Hamatus Branson 1930 [synonym]

Fm. Callorhynchidae Garman 1901 [plownose chimaera]

G. †Bathytheristes Duffin 1995

Subfm. Callorhynchinae Garman 1901

G. Callorhynchus Cuvier 1829

G. †Edaphadon Buckland 1838

Subfm. †Edaphodontinae Stahl 1999

G. †Elasmodus Egerton

Invalid names: Psaliodus Agassiz 1843 [synonym]

G. †Ischyodus Egerton 1843

Subor. Chimaeroidei

G. †Anteliochimaera Tanaka 1909

Fm. Callorhinchidae Garman 1901 [plownose chimaera]

Superfm. Callorhinchoidea

G. †Chalcodus Zittel 1887

Fm. Chimaeridae

Superfm. Chimaeroidea

G. †Eomanodon Ward and Duffin 1989

Fm. Rhinochimaeridae

G. †Crassidonta Branson 1916

†Crassidonta stuckenbergi Branson 1916

†Crassidonta subcrenulata Teichert 1943

Subor. †Echinochimaeroidei

Fm. †Echinochimaeridae

G. †Icthypriapus

Subor. †Myriacanthoidei Patterson 1965

Fm. †Chimaeropsidae

Fm. †Myriacanthidae Woodward 1889

Invalid names: Acanthorhinidae Patterson 1965 [synonym]

Invalid names: Chimeroidei Patterson 1965 [empty], Myracanthiodei [empty], Squalorajoidei Patterson 1965 [empty]

Unr. †Cochliodontomorpha

Or. †Chondrenchelyiformes Moy-Thomas 1939

Fm. †Chondrenchelyidae Berg 1940

Or. †Cochliodontiformes Obruchev 1953

Fm. †Cochliodontidae Owen 1867

Fm. †Psephodontidae Zangerl 1981

G. †Solenodus Trautschold 1874

Or. †Menaspiformes

Fm. †Deltoptychiidae Zangerl 1981

Fm. †Menaspidae Woodward 1891

Fm. †Traquairiidae Lund and Grogan 1997

Or. †Squalorajiformes Patterson 1965

Fm. †Squalorajidae Woodward 1886

Or. †Copodontiformes Obruchev 1953

Fm. †Copodontidae Davis 1883

G. †Copodus Morris and Roberts 1862

G. †Melanodus Darras et al. 2008

Or. †Psammodontiformes Obruchev 1953

Fm. †Psammodontidae

G. †Apodometes Gistel 1848

G. †Archaeobatis Newberry 1878

G. †Astrabodus Davis 1884

G. †Dimyleus Davis 1883

G. †Homalodus Davis 1883

G. †Mazodus Newberry 1899

G. †Mylacodus Davis 1883

G. †Mylax Morris and Roberts 1883

G. †Pinacodus Davis 1883

G. †Pleurogomphus Agassiz 1862

G. †Psammodus Agassiz 1834

G. †Rhymodus Davis 1883

Invalid names: Chimaerimorpha [empty]

Fm. †Lagarodontidae Lebedev 2008

G. †Lagarodus

†Lagarodus angustus Romanovsky 1864

†Lagarodus specularis Trautschold 1874

G. †Macrodontacanthus Romer 1942

†Macrodontacanthus kingi Romer 1942

G. †Menaspacanthus Patterson 1965

Or. †Orodontiformes Zangerl 1981

Fm. †Leiodontidae Ginter et al. 2010

G. †Cristatodens Ginter and Sun 2007

G. †Leiodus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Leiodus calcaratus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Leiodus grossipunctatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

Fm. †Orodontidae de Koninck 1878

G. †Adiapneustes Gistel 1848

G. †Eoorodus Branson 1914

G. †Hercynolepis Gross 1973

G. †Lophodus

G. †Octinapsis Trautschold 1874

G. †Orodus Agassiz 1836

†Orodus alleni Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Orodus carinatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Orodus catenatus Davis 1883

†Orodus cinctus Agassiz 1836

†Orodus colletti Newberry 1879

†Orodus daedalus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Orodus decussatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Orodus elegantulus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Orodus elongatus Davis 1883

†Orodus fastigiatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Orodus gibbosus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Orodus gibbus Davis 1883

†Orodus greggi Zangerl 1981

†Orodus intermedius Eastman 1903

†Orodus ipeunaensis Chahud et al. 2010

†Orodus major Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Orodus mammillaris Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Orodus micropterygius Zangerl 1981

†Orodus minutus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Orodus moniliformis Davis 1883

†Orodus neglectus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Orodus ornatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Orodus parallelus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Orodus parvulus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Orodus plicatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Orodus ramosus Agassiz 1836

†Orodus tenuis Woodward 1889

†Orodus tuberculatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Orodus turgidus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Orodus variabilis Newberry 1875

†Orodus varicostatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

Or. †Petalodontiformes Zangerl 1981

Fm. †Belantseidae Lund 1989

G. †Belantsea Lund 1989

†Belantsea montana Lund 1989

†Belantsea occidentalis St. John and Worthen 1875

G. †Ctenoptychius Agassiz 1838

†Ctenoptychius acuminatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Ctenoptychius apicalis Agassiz 1838

†Ctenoptychius cristatus Dawson 1868

†Ctenoptychius dentatus Owen 1840

†Ctenoptychius digitatus Leidy 1857

†Ctenoptychius lobatus Etheridge 1875

†Ctenoptychius pertenius Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Ctenoptychius serratus Owen 1840

†Ctenoptychius stevensoni St. John and Worthen 1875

Fm. †Janassidae Jaekel 1899

Subfm. †Cholodinae Hodnett et al. 2023

G. †Cavusodus Itano 2023

G. †Cholodus John and Worthen 1875

G. †Cypripediodens Duffin and Ward 2017

G. †Ctenopetalus Agassiz 1837

†Ctenopetalus bellulus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Ctenopetalus limatulus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Ctenopetalus medius Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Ctenopetalus vinosus Saint John and Worthen 1875

G. †Cymatodus Newberry and Worthen 1870

Cymatodus oblongus Newberry and Worthen 1870

G. †Dactylodus

†Dactylodus excavatus Saint John and Worthen 1866

†Dactylodus princeps Newberry and Worthen 1866

G. †Fissodus St. John and Worthen 1875

Fissodus bifidus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Fissodus dentatus Eastman 1903

†Fissodus inaequalis Stjohn and Worthen 1875

G. †Gamphacanthus Miller 1892

†Gamphacanthus politus Newberry 1889

†Gamphacanthus uddeni Lindahl 1897

G. †Gomphacanthus Davis 1884

Subfm. †Janassinae Hodnett et al. 2023

G. †Janassa

Invalid names: Byzenos Münster 1843 [synonym], Climaxodus McCoy 1848 [synonym], Dictea Münster 1840 [synonym]

G. †Strigilodus Hodnett et al. 2023

G. †Petalodopsis Barkas 1874

†Petalodopsis mirabilis Barkas 1874

†Petalodopsis tripartitis Davis 1833

G. †Phoderacanthus Davis 1883

G. †Platacanthus M'Coy 1848

G. †Pnigeacanthus St John and Worthen 1883

G. †Pristicladodus M'Coy 1848

†Pristicladodus goughi M'Coy 1848

G. †Stichacanthus Koninck 1878

†Stichacanthus coemansi Koninck 1878

†Stichacanthus tortworthensis Davis 1883

G. †Thoracodus Cope 1883

†Thoracodus emydinus Cope 1883

Fm. †Obruchevodidae Lund et al. 2014

G. †Clavusodens Hodnett et al. 2024

†Clavusodens mcginnisi Hodnett et al. 2024

G. †Fissidopsis Lund et al. 2014

†Fissidopsis robustus Lund et al. 2014

G. †Netsepoye Lund 1989

†Netsepoye hawesi Lund 1989

G. †Obruchevodus Grogan et al. 2014

†Obruchevodus griffithi Grogan et al. 2014

G. †Paracymatodus

Fm. †Petalodontidae Newberry and Worthen 1866

G. †Antliodus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Antliodus arcuatus Newberry 1889

†Antliodus cucullus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Antliodus gracilis Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Antliodus mucronatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Antliodus parvulus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Antliodus perovalis Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Antliodus politus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Antliodus robustus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Antliodus sarcululus Newberry and Worthen 1870

†Antliodus similis Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Antliodus simplex Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Antliodus sulcatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

G. †Chomatodus Agassiz 1838

†Chomatodus affinis Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Chomatodus angustus Newberry 1879

†Chomatodus chesterensis Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Chomatodus cinctus Agassiz 1838

†Chomatodus comptus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Chomatodus costatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Chomatodus cultellus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Chomatodus denticulatus M'Coy 1848

†Chomatodus elegans Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Chomatodus inconstans Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Chomatodus incrassatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Chomatodus insignis Leidy 1857

†Chomatodus linearis Agassiz 1836

†Chomatodus loriformis Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Chomatodus molaris Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Chomatodus newberryi Hay 1902

†Chomatodus oliquus M'Coy 1848

†Chomatodus parallelus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Chomatodus pusillus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Chomatodus selliformis Newberry 1879

†Chomatodus truncatus Agassiz 1843

†Chomatodus varsouviensis Saint John and Worthen 1875

G. †Glossodus M'Coy 1848

†Glossodus heckelii Costa 1864

†Glossodus lingusbovis Mcoy 1848

†Glossodus marginatus M'Coy 1848

G. †Glyphanodus Davis 1883

G. †Harpacodus St. John and Worthen 1875

†Harpacodus clavatus Davis 1883

†Harpacodus compactus St. John and Worthen 1875

†Harpacodus dentatus Davis 1883

†Harpacodus occidentalis St. John and Worthen 1875

G. †Itapyrodus Silva Santos 1990

†Itapyrodus punctatus Silva Santos 1990

G. †Lisgodus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Lisgodus affinis Newberry 1879

†Lisgodus curtus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Lisgodus selluliformis Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Lisgodus serratus Saint John and Worthen 1875

G. †Neopetalodus Murata and Uyeno 1979

G. †Peltodus Newberry and Worthen 1870

Peltodus plicomphalus Saint John and Worthen 1875

Peltodus pulvinulus Newberry and Worthen 1870

Peltodus quadratus Saint John and Worthen 1875

Peltodus transversus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Peltodus unguiformis St John and Worthen 1870

G. †Petalodus

†Petalodus acuminatus Agassiz 1838

†Petalodus allegheniensis Leidy 1856

Invalid names: Petalodus destructor Newberry and Worthen 1870 [synonym], Sicarius extinctus Leidy 1856 [synonym]

†Petalodus arcuatus St. John 1870

†Petalodus curtus Newberry and Worthen 1870

†Petalodus davisii Woodward 1889

†Petalodus flabellula Woodward 1889

†Petalodus grandis Davis 1883

†Petalodus hastingsiae Owen 1840

†Petalodus hybridus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Petalodus jewetti Miller 1957

†Petalodus knappi Newberry 1879

†Petalodus linguifer Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Petalodus ohioensis Safford 1853

†Petalodus proximus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Petalodus sagittatus Agassiz 1843

Invalid names: Sicarius Leidy 1856 [synonym]

G. †Polyrhizodus M'Coy 1848

†Polyrhizodus attenuatus Davis 1883

†Polyrhizodus carbonarius Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Polyrhizodus colei Davis 1883

†Polyrhizodus concavus Trautschold 1874

†Polyrhizodus dentatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Polyrhizodus digitatus Leidy 1857

Invalid names: Polyrhizodus amplus St. John and Worthen 1875 [synonym], Polyrhizodus excavatus Saint John and Worthen 1866 [synonym], Polyrhizodus littoni Newberry and Worthen 1870 [synonym], Polyrhizodus lobatus Newberry and Worthen 1866 [synonym], Polyrhizodus princeps Newberry and Worthen 1866 [synonym], Polyrhizodus williamsi St. John and Worthen 1875 [synonym]

†Polyrhizodus elongatus Davis 1883

†Polyrhizodus inflexus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Polyrhizodus latus Newberry 1897

†Polyrhizodus magnus M'Coy 1848

†Polyrhizodus minimus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Polyrhizodus modestus Newberry 1875

†Polyrhizodus nanus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Polyrhizodus piasaensis Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Polyrhizodus ponticulus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Polyrhizodus porosus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Polyrhizodus pusillus M'Coy 1848

†Polyrhizodus rectus Newberry 1897

†Polyrhizodus truncatus Newberry and Worthen 1870

G. †Strigilina Cope 1877

†Strigilina linguaeformis Cope 1877

G. †Tanaodus St. John and Worthen 1875

Tanaodus angularis Newberry and Worthen 1866

Tanaodus bellcinctus Saint John and Worthen 1875

Tanaodus depressus Saint John and Worthen 1875

Tanaodus gracillimus Newberry and Worthen 1866

Tanaodus grossiplicatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

Tanaodus multiplicatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

Tanaodus obscurus Leidy 1857

Tanaodus polymorphus Saint John and Worthen 1875

Tanaodus praenuntius Saint John and Worthen 1875

Tanaodus pumilis Saint John and Worthen 1875

Tanaodus sculptus Saint John and Worthen 1875

Tanaodus sublunatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Tanaodus wisei Traquair 1901

Fm. †Petalorhynchidae Lund et al. 2014

G. †Petalorhynchus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Petalorhynchus beargulchensis Lund 1989

Petalorhynchus distortus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Petalorhynchus indicus Waagen 1879

Petalorhynchus pseudosagittatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Petalorhynchus psittacinus Agassiz 1843

Petalorhynchus spatulatus Saint John and Worthen 1875

Petalorhynchus striatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

Fm. †Pristodontidae Woodward 1889

G. †Calopodus John and Worthen 1875

†Calopodus apicalis Saint John and Worthen 1875

G. †Davodus Hansen 1985

G. †Megactenopetalus David 1944

†Megactenopetalus kaibabanus David 1944

Invalid names: Petalodus shingkuoi Young 1950 [synonym]

G. †Peripristis St. John 1870

†Peripristis semicircularis Newberry and Worthen 1866

G. †Pristodus Davis 1883

†Pristodus benniei Etheridge 1875

†Pristodus concinnus Davis 1883

†Pristodus falcatus Davis 1883

G. †Siksika Lund 1989

†Siksika ottae Lund 1989

Invalid names: Peripristidae Eastman 1902 [synonym]

G. †Serratodus

G. †Thoralodus

Invalid names: Bradyodonti Arambourg and Bertin 1958 [synonym], Chimaeri Jaekel 1911 [empty], Debeeriformes [empty], Desmiodontidae Hansen 1985 [invalid subgroup], Desmiodus St. John and Worthen 1875 [nomen dubium], Euchondrocephali Lund and Grogan 1997 [synonym], Harpacanthidae Lund and Grogan 1997 [empty], Iniopterygiformes Zangerl and Case 1973 [empty], Paraselachiamorpha Lund 1977 [empty], Paraselachimorpha Lund 1977 [invalid subgroup], Trachyacanthi Jaekel 1911 [empty]

Infracl. †Holocephalimorpha Lund 1986

G. †Harpacanthus Traquair 1886

†Harpacanthus fimbriatus Traquair 1886

Or. †Iniopterygia Zangerl and Case 1973

Fm. †Iniopterygidae Zangerl and Case 1973

G. †Cervifurca Zangerl 1997

†Cervifurca nasuta Zangerl 1997

G. †Iniopteryx Zangerl and Case 1973

†Iniopteryx rushlaui Zangerl and Case 1973

†Iniopteryx tedwhitei Zangerl and Case 1973

G. †Papilionichthys Grogan and Lund 2009

†Papilionichthys stahlae Grogan and Lund 2009

G. †Promexyele Zangerl and Case 1973

†Promexyele bairdi Zangerl and Case 1973

†Promexyele peyeri Zangerl and Case 1973

G. †Rainerichthys Grogan and Lund 2009

†Rainerichthys zangerli Grogan and Lund 2009

G. †Inioxyle

Fm. †Sibyrhynchidae Zangerl and Case 1973

G. †Iniopera Zangerl and Case 1973

†Iniopera richardsoni Zangerl and Case 1973

G. †Inioxyele Zangerl and Case 1973

†Inioxyele whitei Zangerl and Case 1973

G. †Sibyrhynchus Zangerl and Case 1973

†Sibyrhynchus denisoni Zangerl and Case 1973

Fm. †Kathemacanthidae

G. †Kathemacanthus Gagnier and Wilson 1996

†Kathemacanthus rosulentus Gagnier and Wilson 1996

G. †Leonotus

G. †Machichnus Mikulas et al. 2006

†Machichnus bohemicus Mikulas et al. 2006

Or. †Mongolepidida Karatujute-Talimaa et al. 1990

Fm. †Mongolepididae Karatujute-Talimaa et al. 1990

G. †Mongolepis Karatajute-Talimaa et al. 1990

G. †Rongolepis Sansom et al. 2000

†Rongolepis cosmetica Sansom et al. 2000

G. †Taklamakanolepis Andreev et al. 2020

†Taklamakanolepis asiaticus Andreev et al. 2020

Fm. †Shiqianolepidae Sansom et al. 2000

G. †Chenolepis Sansom et al. 2000

†Chenolepis asketa Sansom et al. 2000

G. †Shiqianolepis Sansom et al. 2000

†Shiqianolepis hollandi Sansom et al. 2000

G. †Tielikewatielepis Andreev et al. 2020

†Tielikewatielepis sinensis Andreev et al. 2020

G. †Xiaohaizilepis Andreev et al. 2020

†Xiaohaizilepis liui Andreev et al. 2020

G. †Xinjiangichthys Wang et al. 1998

†Xinjiangichthys pluridentatus Wang et al. 1998

Invalid names: Xinjiangichthys tarimensis Wang et al. 1998 [synonym]

G. †Obtusacanthus Hanke and Wilson 2004

†Obtusacanthus corroconis Hanke and Wilson 2004

Or. †Omalodontiformes Turner 1997

Fm. †Aztecodontidae Hairapetian et al. 2008

G. †Aztecodus Long and Young 1995

Invalid names: Anareodus Long and Young 1995 [synonym]

G. †Manberodus Hairapetian et al. 2008

†Manberodus fortis Hairapetian et al. 2008

Fm. †Omalodontidae Ginter et al. 2008

G. †Omalodus Ginter and Ivano 1992

†Omalodus grabaui Hussakof and Bryant 1918

Invalid names: Omalodus bryanti Wells 1944 [synonym], Omalodus schultzei Hampe et al. 2004 [synonym]

G. †Portalodus Long and Young 1995

G. †Siberiodus Ivanov and Rodina 2004

Fm. †Palaeospondylidae Stürtz 1899

G. †Palaeospondylus Traquair 1890

Or. †Phoebodontiformes Ginter et al. 2002

Fm. †Jalodontidae Ginter et al. 2002

G. †Adamantina Bendix-Almgreen 1993

†Adamantina benedictae Bendix-Almgreen 1993

†Adamantina foliacea Ivanov 1999

G. †Isacrodus Ivanov et al. 2012

†Isacrodus marthae Ivanov et al. 2012

G. †Jalodus Ginter 1999

G. †Texasodus Ivanov et al. 2012

†Texasodus varidentatus Ivanov et al. 2012

Fm. †Phoebodontidae Williams 1985

G. †Diademodus Harris 1951

G. †Phoebodus St. John and Worthen 1875

†Phoebodus bifurcatus Ginter and Ivanov 1992

†Phoebodus densneptuni Eastman 1903

†Phoebodus fastigatus Ginter and Ivanov 1992

†Phoebodus latus Ginter and Ivanov 1995

†Phoebodus macisaacsii Saint John and Worthen 1875

†Phoebodus politus Newberry 1899

†Phoebodus saidselachus Frey et al. 2019

†Phoebodus sophiae St. John and Worthen 1875

†Phoebodus springeri Saint John and Worthen 1875

G. †Thrinacodus St. John and Worthen 1875

†Thrinacodus bicornis Newberry 1879

†Thrinacodus duplicatus Newberry and Worthen 1866

†Thrinacodus incurvus Newberry and Worthen 1866

Invalid names: Harpagodens ferox Turner 1982 [synonym], Thrinacodus nanus St. John and Worthen 1875 [synonym]

Invalid names: Harpago Turner 1982 [synonym], Harpagodens Turner 1983 [synonym]

G. †Plesioselachus Anderson et al. 1999

†Plesioselachus macracanthus Anderson 1990

Or. †Polymerolepidiformes

Fm. †Polymerolepididae Karatajute-Talimaa 1968

G. †Polymerolepis Karatajute-Talimaa 1968

Fm. †Polysentoridae Zangerl 1979

G. †Polysentor Zangerl 1979

†Polysentor gorbairdi Zangerl 1979

G. †Proprigalea Johns 1997

†Proprigalea languidula Johns 1997

†Proprigalea mediglabra Johns 1997

†Proprigalea medirugosa Johns 1997

Fm. †Protodontidae Woodward 1932

G. †Dendrodus Whiteaves 1897

†Dendrodus arisaigensis Whiteaves 1896

G. †Protodus Woodward 1892

†Protodus jexi Woodward 1892

G. †Stigmodus Brotzen 1934

G. †Ptomacanthus Miles 1973

†Ptomacanthus anglicus Miles 1973

Fm. †Pucapampellidae Maisey et al. 2018

G. †Gydoselache Maisey et al. 2018

†Gydoselache oosthuizeni Maisey et al. 2018

G. †Pucapampella Janvier and Riglos 1986

†Pucapampella rodrigae Janvier and Riglos 1986

G. †Pucapumpella Maisey and Anderson 2001

G. †Qianodus Andreev et al. 2022

†Qianodus duplicis Andreev et al. 2022

G. †Shenacanthus Zhu et al. 2022

†Shenacanthus vermiformis Zhu et al. 2022

G. †Simmorius

Or. †Sinacanthida Andreev et al. 2020

Fm. †Sinacanthidae Min 1998

G. †Neosinacanthus P'an and Liu 1975

†Neosinacanthus planispinatus P'an and Liu 1975

G. †Sinacanthus P'an Kiang 1959

†Sinacanthus triangulatus P'an and Liu 1975

†Sinacanthus wuchangensis P'an Kiang 1958

Invalid names: Sinacanthus fancunensis Liu 1973 [synonym]

G. †Tarimacanthus Min 1998

†Tarimacanthus bachuensis Min 1998

G. †Thaumatacanthus Waagen 1880

†Thaumatacanthus blanfordi Waagen 1880

Fm. †Wellingtonellidae Marss et al. 2002

G. †Wellingtonella Marss et al. 2002

Superor. †Xenacanthimorpha

Or. †Bransonelliformes Hampe and Ivanov 2007

G. †Barbclabornia Johnson 2003

†Barbclabornia luedersensis Berman 1970

G. †Bransonella Harlton 1933

†Bransonella lingulata Ivanov and Ginter 1996

†Bransonella nebraskensis Johnson 1984

†Bransonella tribula Elliott and Hodnett 2013

†Bransonella tridentata Harlton 1933

Or. †Xenacanthiformes Berg 1955

Fm. †Diplodoselachidae Dick 1981

G. †Dicentrodus Traquair 1888

†Dicentrodus belemnoides Zidek 1978

†Dicentrodus bicuspidatus Traquair 1881

G. †Diplodoselache Dick 1981

†Diplodoselache woodi Dick 1981

G. †Hagenoselache Hampe and Heidtke 1997

G. †Lebachacanthus Soler-Gijon 1997

Fm. †Xenacanthidae Fritsch 1889

G. †Acanthopleurus Agassiz 1843

†Acanthopleurus serratus Agassiz 1842

G. †Aganodus Owen 1867

G. †Compsacanthus Newberry 1856

†Compsacanthus laevis Newberry 1856

G. †Diacranodus Garman 1885

†Diacranodus texensis Cope 1888

G. †Fayolia Renault and Zeiller 1884

†Fayolia dentata Renault and Zeiller 1884

†Fayolia sharovi Fischer et al. 2011

†Fayolia sterzeliana Weiss 1887

G. †Lepacanthus Arthaber 1896

†Lepacanthus gracilis Arthaber 1896

G. †Lophacanthus Stock 1880

G. †Mooreodontus Hampe and Schneider 2010

G. †Ochlodus Owen 1867

G. †Phricacanthus Davis 1879

G. †Platyacanthus Fritsch 1889

†Platyacanthus americanus Hussakof 1911

G. †Pleuracanthus Agassiz 1837

†Pleuracanthus arcuatus Newberry 1856

†Pleuracanthus biserialis Newberry 1856

†Pleuracanthus cylindricus Agassiz 1843

†Pleuracanthus decheni Goldfuss 1847

†Pleuracanthus dilatatus Newberry 1856

†Pleuracanthus laevissimus Agassiz 1837

†Pleuracanthus quadriseriatus Cope 1877

†Pleuracanthus robustus Davis 1880

G. †Plicatodus Hampe 1995

G. †Pternodus Owen 1867

G. †Triodus Jordan 1849

†Triodus elpia Johnson and Thayer 2009

†Triodus moorei Woodward 1889

G. †Wurdigneria Richter 2005

G. †Xenacanthus Beyrich 1848

†Xenacanthus indicus Jain 1980

G. †Yuanolepis Andreev et al. 2020

†Yuanolepis bachunensis Andreev et al. 2020

Invalid names: Clamydoselachidae [empty], Ctenoptychius ordii Davis 1881 [nomen dubium], Desmiodontida Zangerl 1981 [empty], Mongolepidiformes [empty], Rhinobatiformes Müller and Henle 1837 [empty], Subterbranchialia Zangerl 1979 [empty]

Diagnosis

No diagnoses are available