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Taxonomy
Primates was named by Linnaeus (1758). It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Beard (1991), Janecka et al. (2007).
It was assigned to Bimanes by Gray (1821); to Unguiculata by Bonaparte (1850); to Eutheria by Flower and Lydekker (1891); to Monodelphia by Hay (1902); to Eutheria by Hooker (1986); to Archonta by Gregory (1910), Gunnell (1989); to Eutheria by Flower (1883), Gadow (1898), Kielan-Jaworowska et al. (1979), Carroll (1988), Nowak (1991); to Primatomorpha by Beard (1991), Waddell et al. (1999), Waddell et al. (2001), Janecka et al. (2007); to Euarchonta by Madsen et al. (2001), Wible et al. (2007), Bloch et al. (2007), Silcox et al. (2010); to Archonta by McKenna (1975), Asher and Helgen (2010); and to Mammalia by Linnaeus (1758), Gray (1825), Frost (2001), Wilson and Reeder (2005), Gilbert (2007), Chaimanee et al. (2008), Kay et al. (2019).
It was assigned to Bimanes by Gray (1821); to Unguiculata by Bonaparte (1850); to Eutheria by Flower and Lydekker (1891); to Monodelphia by Hay (1902); to Eutheria by Hooker (1986); to Archonta by Gregory (1910), Gunnell (1989); to Eutheria by Flower (1883), Gadow (1898), Kielan-Jaworowska et al. (1979), Carroll (1988), Nowak (1991); to Primatomorpha by Beard (1991), Waddell et al. (1999), Waddell et al. (2001), Janecka et al. (2007); to Euarchonta by Madsen et al. (2001), Wible et al. (2007), Bloch et al. (2007), Silcox et al. (2010); to Archonta by McKenna (1975), Asher and Helgen (2010); and to Mammalia by Linnaeus (1758), Gray (1825), Frost (2001), Wilson and Reeder (2005), Gilbert (2007), Chaimanee et al. (2008), Kay et al. (2019).
Subtaxa
Berruvius, Ceciliolemur, Ceciliolemuridae, Ceciliolemuroidea, Chasselasia, Cheiromyoidea, Euprimateformes, Haplorhini, Lemures, Megatarsius, Micromomyidae, Microsyopidae, Microtarsioides, Nosmips, Paromomyidae (syn. Paromomyinae), Pithecus, Plesiadapiformes, Plesitarsiiformes, Pliopithecus posthumus, Prosimiae, Prosimii, Rooneyia, Simia, Simia (Cercopithecus) sinicus pileatus, Simia apedia, Simiolemuriformes, Strepsirrhini, Tarsii, Tupaioidea
Synonyms
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Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1758 | Primates Linnaeus p. 20 |
| 1758 | Simia Linnaeus p. 25 |
| 1758 | Simia apedia Linnaeus p. 25 |
| 1792 | Simia (Cercopithecus) sinicus pileatus Kerr |
| 1795 | Pithecus Geoffroy and Cuvier |
| 1800 | Simia pileata Shaw |
| 1811 | Simia Illiger p. 67 |
| 1821 | Primates Gray p. 297 |
| 1825 | Primates Gray p. 337 |
| 1825 | Simia Gray p. 338 |
| 1850 | Primates Bonaparte p. 1 |
| 1862 | Cynomolgus (Zati) pileatus Reichenbach p. 131 |
| 1883 | Primates Flower p. 186 |
| 1891 | Primates Flower and Lydekker p. 92 |
| 1895 | Macacus pileatus Allen p. 185 |
| 1898 | Primates Gadow p. 52 |
| 1902 | Primates Hay p. 785 |
| 1910 | Primates Gregory p. 465 |
| 1924 | Pliopithecus posthumus Schlosser |
| 1933 | Ceciliolemuridae Weigelt |
| 1933 | Ceciliolemuroidea Weigelt |
| 1975 | Primates McKenna p. 42 |
| 1979 | Primates Kielan-Jaworowska et al. p. 223 |
| 1986 | Primates Hooker p. 245 |
| 1988 | Primates Carroll |
| 1989 | Primates Gunnell p. 147 |
| 1991 | Primates Beard |
| 1991 | Primates Nowak |
| 1999 | Primates Waddell et al. p. cover |
| 2001 | Primates Frost |
| 2001 | Primates Madsen et al. p. 612 |
| 2001 | Primates Waddell et al. p. 148 |
| 2005 | Primates Wilson and Reeder |
| 2007 | Primates Bloch et al. p. 1162 |
| 2007 | Primates Gilbert |
| 2007 | Primates Janecka et al. |
| 2007 | Primates Wible et al. |
| 2008 | Primates Chaimanee et al. |
| 2010 | Primates Asher and Helgen p. 3 figs. Figure 1 |
| 2010 | Primates Silcox et al. |
| 2019 | Primates Kay et al. |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Or. Primates Linnaeus 1758 [primate]
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G. †Ceciliolemur Weigelt 1933
Unr. Euprimateformes Bloch et al. 2007
+
Unr. Euprimates Hoffstetter 1978
+
Superfm. †Plesiadapoidea
+
Fm. †Carpolestidae Simpson 1935
+
Subfm. †Carpolestinae Russell 1964
+
G. †Carpocristes Beard and Wang 1995
G. †Elphidotarsius Gidley 1923
G. †Subengius Smith et al. 2004
Invalid names: Chronolestinae Beard and Wang 1995 [empty]
Fm. †Picrodontidae Simpson 1937
+
G. †Picrodus Douglass 1908
+
†Picrodus calgariensis Scott and Fox 2005
†Picrodus canpacius Scott and Fox 2005
†Picrodus lepidus Scott and Fox 2005
Invalid names: Megopterna Douglass 1908 [synonym]
Fm. †Plesiadapidae Trouessart 1897
+
G. †Chiromyoides Stehlin 1916
+
†Chiromyoides caesor Gingerich 1973
†Chiromyoides campanicus Stehlin 1916
†Chiromyoides gigas Burger and Honey 2008
†Chiromyoides gingerichi Secord 2008
†Chiromyoides kesiwah Beard et al. 2020
†Chiromyoides major Gingerich 1975
†Chiromyoides mauberti De Bast et al. 2018
†Chiromyoides minor Gingerich 1975
†Chiromyoides potior Gingerich 1975
G. †Nannodectes Gingerich 1975
+
†Nannodectes gazini Gingerich 1975
†Nannodectes gidleyi Matthew 1917
†Nannodectes intermedius Gazin 1971
†Nannodectes lynasi Lofgren et al. 2014
†Nannodectes simpsoni Gazin 1956
G. †Platychoerops Charlesworth 1855
+
†Platychoerops antiquus Boyer et al. 2012
†Platychoerops boyeri De Bast et al. 2018
†Platychoerops daubrei Lemoine 1880
†Platychoerops richardsoni Charlesworth 1855
+
Invalid names: Miolophus planiceps Owen 1865 [objective synonym]
†Platychoerops russelli Gingerich 1976
Invalid names: Miolophus Owen 1865 [objective synonym], Plesiadapis (Subunicuspidens) Lemoine 1887 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Plesiadapis Gervais 1877
+
†Plesiadapis berruensis Jehle et al. 2018
†Plesiadapis churchilli Gingerich 1975
†Plesiadapis cookei Jepsen 1930
†Plesiadapis dubius Matthew 1915
+
Invalid names: Plesiadapis pearcei Gazin 1956 [synonym], Plesiadapis rubeyi Gazin 1942 [synonym]
†Plesiadapis gingerichi Rose 1981
†Plesiadapis insignis Piton 1940
†Plesiadapis ploegi De Bast et al. 2018
†Plesiadapis praecursor Gingerich 1975
†Plesiadapis recticuspidens Lemoine 1878
†Plesiadapis remensis Lemoine 1887
†Plesiadapis russelli Gingerich 1976
†Plesiadapis simonsi Gingerich 1975
†Plesiadapis tricuspidens Gervais 1877
+
Invalid names: Platychoerops georgei Hooker 1994 [synonym], Plesiadapis (Tricuspidens) gervaisii Lemoine 1887 [synonym]
†Plesiadapis walbeckensis Russell 1964
Invalid names: Menatotherium Piton 1940 [synonym], Nothodectes Matthew 1915 [synonym], Plesiadapis (Ancepsoides) Russell 1964 [invalid subgroup], Plesiadapis (Tricuspidens) Lemoine 1887 [invalid subgroup], Plesiadapis chevillionii Lemoine 1880 [nomen nudum]
G. †Pronothodectes Gidley 1923
+
†Pronothodectes gaoi Fox 1990
†Pronothodectes jepi Gingerich 1975
†Pronothodectes matthewi Gidley 1923
G. †Trogolemur Matthew 1909
+
†Trogolemur amplior Beard et al. 1992
†Trogolemur fragilis Beard et al. 1992
†Trogolemur myodes Matthew 1909
†Trogolemur storeri Perry et al. 2023
Invalid names: Platychoeropidae Lydekker 1887 [synonym]
Fm. †Saxonellidae Russell 1964
+
Infraor. Haplorhini Pocock 1918 [monkey]
+
Unr. Anthropoidea Mivart 1864
+
Fm. †Afrotarsiidae Ginsburg and Mein 1987
+
G. †Afrotarsius Simons and Bown 1985
+
†Afrotarsius chatrathi Simons and Bown 1985
†Afrotarsius libycus Jaeger et al. 2010
Fm. †Amphipithecidae Godinot 1994
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G. †Pondaungia Pilgrim 1927
+
†Pondaungia cotteri Pilgrim 1927
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Invalid names: Amphipithecus mogaungensis Colbert 1937 [synonym], Pondaungia savagei Gunnell et al. 2002 [synonym]
†Pondaungia minuta Jaeger and Thein 1999
Invalid names: Amphipithecus Colbert 1937 [synonym]
Superfm. Arctopithecini Huxley 1872
+
Infraor. Catarrhini Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1812
+
Superfm. Cercopithecoidea Gray 1821
+
G. †Alophia Rasmussen et al. 2019
Fm. Cercopithecidae Gray 1821 [monkey]
G. †Nsungwepithecus Stevens et al. 2013
Fm. †Victoriapithecidae von Koenigswald 1969
Superfm. Hominoidea Gray 1825 [ape]
+
G. †Chororapithecus Suwa et al. 2007
G. †Ekembo McNulty et al. 2015
G. †Equatorius Ward et al. 1999
Fm. Hominidae Gray 1825 [ape]
+
Invalid names: Dryopithecidae [synonym], Oreopithecidae Schwalbe 1915 [synonym], Pongidae Elliot 1913 [synonym]
Fm. Hylobatidae Gray 1870 [gibbon]
G. †Langsonia Schwartz et al. 1995
Fm. †Proconsulidae Leakey 1963
G. †Rukwapithecus Stevens et al. 2013
G. †Samburupithecus Ishida and Pickford 1997
Superfm. †Pliopithecoidea Zapfe 1961
+
G. †Lomorupithecus Rossie and MacLatchy 2006
Fm. †Pliopithecidae Zapfe 1961
Invalid names: Crouzeliidae Begun 2002 [empty]
Fm. †Propliopithecidae Straus 1961
+
G. †Aegyptopithecus Simons 1965
G. †Oligopithecus Simons 1962
G. †Propliopithecus Schlosser 1911
+
Invalid names: Aeolopithecus Simons 1965 [synonym], Moeripithecus Schlosser 1910 [synonym]
Invalid names: Eucatarrhini Delson 1977 [empty], Kansupithecus Bohlin 1946 [nomen nudum], Krishnapithecus Ginsburg and Mein 1980 [nomen dubium], Krishnapithecus krishnaii Chopra and Kaul 1979 [nomen dubium], Nyanzapithecinae Harrison 2002 [empty], Propliopithecoidea Simons 1965 [empty]
Fm. †Eosimiidae Beard et al. 1994
+
G. †Bahinia Jaeger et al. 1999
+
†Bahinia banyueae Ni et al. 2016
†Bahinia pondaungensis Jaeger et al. 1999
+
Invalid names: Eosimias paukkaungensis Takai et al. 2005 [synonym]
G. †Eosimias Beard et al. 1994
+
†Eosimias centennicus Beard et al. 1996
†Eosimias dawsonae Beard and Wang 2004
†Eosimias sinensis Beard et al. 1994
G. †Phenacopithecus Beard and Wang 2004
+
†Phenacopithecus krishtalkai Beard and Wang 2004
†Phenacopithecus xueshii Beard and Wang 2004
G. †Phileosimias Marivaux et al. 2005
+
†Phileosimias brahuiorum Marivaux et al. 2005
†Phileosimias kamali Marivaux et al. 2005
Superfm. Neopithecini Wortman 1903
+
Fm. Simiidae Bonaparte 1850
+
G. †Palaeosimia Pilgrim 1915
Invalid names: Cynocephalina Gray 1825 [empty]
Fm. †Oligopithecidae Simons 1989
+
Infraor. †Parapithecoidea Schlosser 1911
+
Fm. †Parapithecidae Schlosser 1911
+
G. †Biretia de Bonis et al. 1988
G. †Lokonepithecus Ducrocq et al. 2011
Subfm. †Parapithecinae Schlosser 1911
Subfm. †Qatraniinae Kay and Williams 1994
Infraor. Platyrrhini Geoffroy 1812 [monkey]
+
Fm. Atelidae Gray 1825
+
G. Ateles Geoffroy 1806
Subfm. Atelinae Gray 1825
G. Brachyteles Spix 1823 [woolly spider monkey]
Invalid names: Alouattinae Elliott 1904 [empty]
G. †Carlocebus Fleagle 1990
+
†Carlocebus carmenensis Fleagle 1990
†Carlocebus intermedius Fleagle 1990
Fm. †Cebidae Savage 1951
+
G. †Acrecebus Kay and Cozzuol 2006
Subfm. †Branisellinae Hershkovitz 1977
Subfm. Callitrichinae Gray 1821
Subfm. Cebinae
G. †Panamacebus Bloch et al. 2016
G. Sapajus Kerr 1792
Subfm. †Tremacebinae Hershkovitz 1974
Invalid names: Cebupithecinae Hershkovitz 1974 [empty], Saimiriinae Hershkovitz 1974 [empty], Stirtoninae Hershkovitz 1970 [empty]
Fm. †Homunculidae Ameghino 1901
+
G. †Homunculus Ameghino 1891
+
Invalid names: Anthropops Ameghino 1891 [synonym], Ecphantodon Mercerat 1891 [synonym], Killikaike Tejedor et al. 2006 [synonym], Pitheculus Ameghino 1894 [synonym]
Subfm. †Soriacebinae Kay 2010
Fm. Pitheciidae Mivart 1865
+
G. †Antillothrix MacPhee et al. 1995
G. Cacajao Lesson 1840 [uakari]
+
Invalid names: Brachyurus Spix 1823 [replaced], Cercoptochus Gloger 1842 [synonym], Cothurus Palmer 1899 [synonym], Neocothurus Palmer 1903 [synonym], Ouakaria Gray 1849 [synonym], Uacaria Flower and Lydekker 1891 [synonym]
Subfm. Callicebinae Pocock 1925
G. Chiropotes Lesson 1840 [bearded saki]
G. †Mohanamico Luchterhand et al. 1986
G. †Paralouatta Rivero and Amedondo 1991
G. Pithecia Desmarest 1804 [saki]
Tr. Pitheciini Gray 1849
Invalid names: Xenotrichidae Hershkovitz 1970 [empty]
Fm. †Proteopithecidae Simons 1997
+
Invalid names: Paleopithecini Wortman 1903 [empty], Simiiformes Hofstetter 1977 [synonym]
Infraor. Tarsiiformes Gregory 1915 [tarsier]
+
Fm. †Archicebidae Ni et al. 2013
+
G. †Donrussellia Szalay 1976
+
†Donrussellia gallica Russell et al. 1967
†Donrussellia lusitanica Estravís 2000
†Donrussellia provincialis Godinot 1978
Superfm. †Omomyoidea
+
Fm. †Omomyidae Gazin 1958
+
Subfm. †Anaptomorphinae Cope 1883
G. †Aycrossia Bown 1979
G. †Baataromomys Ni et al. 2007
G. †Bownomomys Morse et al. 2019
G. †Gazinius Bown 1979
G. †Kohatius Russell and Gingerich 1980
Subfm. †Microchoerinae Lydekker 1887
+
Invalid names: Necrolemurinae Simpson 1940 [synonym], Pseudolorisinae Simpson 1940 [synonym]
Subfm. †Omomyinae Trouessart 1879
G. †Strigorhysis Bown 1979
Subfm. †Tarkadectinae Szalay and Lucas 1996
G. †Vastanomys Bajpai et al. 2005
G. †Yaquius Mason 1990
Fm. Tarsiidae Gray 1825
+
G. Carlito Groves and Shekelle 2010
+
Carlito syrichta Linnaeus 1758 [Philippine tarsier]
+
Invalid names: Tarsius carbonarius Heude 1898 [synonym], Tarsius fraterculus Miller 1911 [synonym], Tarsius philippensis Meyer 1894 [synonym]
G. †Hesperotarsius Zijlstra et al. 2013
+
†Hesperotarsius sindhensis Zijlstra et al. 2013
†Hesperotarsius thailandicus Ginsburg and Mein 1987
G. Tarsius Storr 1780 [tarsier]
+
Tarsius dentatus Miller and Hollister 1921 [Dian's tarsier]
†Tarsius eocaenus Beard et al. 1994
Tarsius fuscus Fischer 1804
+
Invalid names: Tarsius fischerii Desmarest 1804 [objective synonym], Tarsius fuscomanus Fischer 1804 [objective synonym]
Tarsius lariang Merker and Groves 2006 [Lariang tarsier]
Tarsius pelengensis Sody 1949 [Peleng Island tarsier]
Tarsius pumilus Miller and Hollister 1921 [pygmy tarsier]
Tarsius sangirensis Meyer 1897
†Tarsius sirindhornae Chaimanee et al. 2011
Tarsius spectrumgurskyae Shekelle et al. 2017
Tarsius supriatnai Shekelle et al. 2017
Tarsius tarsier Erxleben 1777
+
Invalid names: Didelphys macrotarsos Schreber 1778 [objective synonym], Lemur podje Kerr 1792 [synonym], Lemur spectrum Pallas 1778 [objective synonym], Macrotarsus buffonii Link 1795 [objective synonym], Tarsius daubentonii Fischer 1804 [synonym], Tarsius pallassii Geoffroy 1796 [objective synonym]
Tarsius tumpara Shekelle et al. 2008 [Siau Island tarsier]
Tarsius wallacei Merker et al. 2010 [Wallace's tarsier]
Invalid names: Macrotarsus Link 1795 [objective synonym]
Invalid names: Omomyiformes [empty]
G. †Megatarsius Weigelt 1933
Fm. †Micromomyidae Szalay 1974
+
G. †Dryomomys Bloch et al. 2007
+
†Dryomomys dulcifer Chester and Beard 2012
†Dryomomys millennius Secord 2008
†Dryomomys szalayi Bloch et al. 2007
†Dryomomys willwoodensis Rose and Bown 1982
G. †Foxomomys Chester and Bloch 2013
+
†Foxomomys fremdi Fox 1984
†Foxomomys gunnelli Secord 2008
†Foxomomys vossae Krause 1978
G. †Tinimomys Szalay 1974
+
†Tinimomys tribos Chester and Beard 2012
Invalid names: Myrmekomomys Robinson 1994 [synonym]
Invalid names: Micromomyinae Szalay 1974 [empty]
Fm. †Microsyopidae Osborn and Wortman 1892
+
Subfm. †Microsyopinae Osborn and Wortman 1892
+
G. †Arctodontomys Gunnell 1985
+
†Arctodontomys nuptus Cope 1882
†Arctodontomys simplicidens Rose 1981
†Arctodontomys wilsoni Szalay 1969
G. †Microsyops Leidy 1872
+
†Microsyops cardiorestes Gunnell 1989
†Microsyops elegans Marsh 1871
+
Invalid names: Bathrodon typus Marsh 1872 [synonym], Mesacodon speciosus Marsh 1872 [synonym], Microsyops gracilis Leidy 1872 [synonym], Palaeacodon verus Leidy 1872 [synonym]
†Microsyops knightensis Gazin 1952
†Microsyops kratos Stock 1938
†Microsyops latidens Cope 1882
+
Invalid names: Notharctus cingulatus Loomis 1906 [synonym], Notharctus palmidens Loomis 1906 [synonym]
†Microsyops scottianus Cope 1881
Invalid names: Bathrodon Marsh 1872 [synonym], Cynodontomys Cope 1882 [synonym], Mesacodon Marsh 1872 [synonym], Palaeacodon Leidy 1872 [synonym]
Subfm. †Uintasoricinae Szalay 1969
+
G. †Choctawius Beard and Dawson 2009
+
†Choctawius foxi Beard and Dawson 2009
†Choctawius mckennai Szalay 1969
G. †Niptomomys McKenna 1960
+
†Niptomomys doreenae McKenna 1960
†Niptomomys favorum Strait 2001
†Niptomomys thelmae Gunnell and Gingerich 1981
G. †Uintasorex Matthew 1909
+
†Uintasorex montezumicus Lillegraven 1976
†Uintasorex parvulus Matthew 1909
Invalid names: Navajoviinae Gunnell 1989 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Microtarsioides Weigelt 1933
Fm. †Paromomyidae Simpson 1940
+
G. †Arcius Godinot 1984
+
†Arcius fuscus Russell et al. 1967
†Arcius hookeri López-Torres and Silcox 2018
†Arcius lapparenti Russell et al. 1967
†Arcius rougieri Godinot 1984
†Arcius zbyszewskii Estravís 2000
G. †Edworthia Fox et al. 2010
+
†Edworthia greggi Scott et al. 2023
†Edworthia lerbekmoi Fox et al. 2010
G. †Ignacius Matthew and Granger 1921
+
†Ignacius clarkforkensis Bloch et al. 2007
†Ignacius dawsonae Miller et al. 2023
†Ignacius fremontensis Gazin 1971
†Ignacius frugivorus Matthew and Granger 1921
†Ignacius glenbowensis Scott et al. 2023
†Ignacius graybullianus Bown and Rose 1976
†Ignacius mckennai Miller et al. 2023
Subfm. †Phenacolemurinae Simpson 1955
+
Tr. †Phenacolemurini Simpson 1955
+
G. †Phenacolemur Matthew 1915
+
†Phenacolemur archus Secord 2008
†Phenacolemur cavatus Anemone et al. 2024
†Phenacolemur fortior Robinson and Ivy 1994
†Phenacolemur lapparenti Russell et al. 1967
†Phenacolemur praecox Matthew 1915
†Phenacolemur simonsi Bown and Rose 1976
Tr. †Simpsonlemurini Robinson and Ivy 1994
+
G. †Simpsonlemur Robinson and Ivy 1994
+
†Simpsonlemur citatus Matthew 1915
†Simpsonlemur jepseni Simpson 1955
Invalid names: Palaechthonini Szalay 1969 [empty], Paromomyinae [objective synonym], Paromomyini Simpson 1940 [empty], Phenacolemur leonardi Storer 1990 [nomen dubium], Purgatoriinae Van Valen and Sloan 1965 [empty]
Subor. †Plesiadapiformes Simons and Tattersall 1972
+
Superfm. †Microsyopoidea
+
Fm. †Picromomyidae Rose and Bown 1996
+
Fm. †Toliapinidae Hooker et al. 1999
+
G. †Toliapina Hooker et al. 1999
+
†Toliapina lawsoni Hooker et al. 1999
†Toliapina vinealis Hooker et al. 1999
Invalid names: Plesiadapis orsmaelensis Teilhard de Chardin 1927 [nomen dubium]
G. †Palaechthon Gidley 1923
+
†Palaechthon alticuspis Gidley 1923
†Palaechthon torrejonius Kay and Cartmill 1977
†Palaechthon woodi Gazin 1971
Invalid names: Talpohenach Kay and Cartmill 1977 [synonym]
G. †Pandemonium Van Valen 1994
+
†Pandemonium dis Van Valen 1994
†Pandemonium hibernalis Fox et al. 2014
Fm. †Purgatoriidae Gunnell 1989
+
G. †Purgatorius Van Valen and Sloan 1965
+
†Purgatorius coracis Fox and Scott 2011
†Purgatorius janisae Van Valen 1994
†Purgatorius mckeeveri Wilson Mantilla et al. 2021
†Purgatorius pinecreeensis Scott et al. 2016
†Purgatorius titusi Buckley 1997
†Purgatorius unio Van Valen and Sloan 1965
Invalid names: Purgatorius ceratops Van Valen and Sloan 1965 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Paromomyoidea Simpson 1940 [empty]
Subor. Strepsirrhini Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1812
+
Infraor. †Adapiformes Hoffstetter 1977
+
Fm. †Adapidae Trouessart 1879
+
Subfm. †Adapinae Trouessart 1879
+
G. †Adapis Cuvier 1822
G. †Adapoides Beard et al. 1994
G. †Leptadapis Gervais 1876
G. †Magnadapis Godinot and Couette 2008
G. †Microadapis Szalay 1974
G. †Protoadapis Lemoine 1878
G. †Pelycodus Cope 1875
+
†Pelycodus danielsae Froehlich and Lucas 1991
+
Invalid names: Pelycodus schidelerorum Kihm 1992 [synonym]
†Pelycodus eppsi Cooper 1932
†Pelycodus jarrovii Cope 1874
†Pelycodus savagei Gingerich 1977
G. †Sivaladapis Gingerich and Sahni 1979
+
†Sivaladapis nagrii Prasad 1970
†Sivaladapis palaeindicus Pilgrim 1932
Invalid names: Arisella Crusafont Pairó 1967 [nomen dubium], Arisella capellae Crusafont Pairó 1967 [nomen dubium]
Superfm. Adapoidea Trouessart 1879
+
Fm. †Notharctidae Trouessart 1879
+
Subfm. †Asiadapinae Rose et al. 2009
Subfm. †Cercamoniinae Gingerich 1975
Subfm. †Notharctinae Trouessart 1879
G. †Notharctus Leidy 1870
+
Invalid names: Hipposyus Leidy 1872 [synonym], Limnotherium Marsh 1871 [synonym], Telmalestes Marsh 1872 [synonym], Thinolestes Marsh 1872 [synonym], Tomitherium Cope 1872 [synonym]
Subfm. †Pondaunginae Ciochon and Holroyd 1994
G. †Rouzilemur Godinot et al. 2018
Subfm. †Caenopithecinae Szalay and Delson 1979
+
Fm. †Ekgmowechashalidae Szalay 1976
+
Subfm. †Bugtilemurinae Rust et al. 2023
+
G. †Bugtilemur Marivaux et al. 2001
G. †Muangthanhinius Marivaux et al. 2006
G. †Ekgmowechashala Macdonald 1963
+
†Ekgmowechashala philotau Macdonald 1963
†Ekgmowechashala zancanellai Samuels et al. 2015
G. †Mahgarita Wilson and Szalay 1976
+
†Mahgarita stevensi Wilson and Szalay 1976
Invalid names: Margarita Wilson and Szalay 1976 [replaced]
Subfm. †Pronycticebinae Godinot 1998
+
G. †Pronycticebus Grandidier 1904
+
†Pronycticebus gaudryi Grandidier 1904
†Pronycticebus neglectus Thalmann et al. 1989
Fm. †Sivaladapidae Thomas and Verma 1979
+
Subfm. †Hoanghoniinae Gingerich et al. 1994
+
G. †Hoanghonius Zdansky 1930
G. †Rencunius Gingerich et al. 1994
G. †Wailekia Ducrocq et al. 1995
Subfm. †Sivaladapinae Thomas and Verma 1979
+
G. †Guangxilemur Qi and Beard 1998
G. †Indraloris Lewis 1933
G. †Ramadapis Gilbert et al. 2017
G. †Sinoadapis Wu and Pan 1985
G. †Yunnanadapis Ni et al. 2016
+
†Yunnanadapis folivorus Ni et al. 2016
†Yunnanadapis imperator Ni et al. 2016
G. †Sulaimanius Gunnell et al. 2012
+
†Sulaimanius arifi Gunnell et al. 2008
Invalid names: Sulaimania Gunnell et al. 2008 [replaced]
Invalid names: Sivaladapinae Thomas and Verma 1979 [empty]
Fm. †Azibiidae Gingerich 1976
+
G. †Azibius Sudre 1975
+
†Azibius trerki Sudre 1975
+
Invalid names: Dralestes hammadaensis Tabuce et al. 2004 [synonym], Tabelia hammadae Godinot and Mahboubi 1994 [synonym]
Invalid names: Dralestes Tabuce et al. 2004 [synonym], Tabelia Godinot and Mahboubi 1994 [synonym]
Fm. †Djebelemuridae Hartenberger and Marandat 1992
+
G. †Djebelemur Hartenberger and Marandat 1992
+
†Djebelemur martinezi Hartenberger and Marandat 1992
G. †Karanisia Seiffert et al. 2003
+
†Karanisia arenula Jaeger et al. 2010
†Karanisia clarki Seiffert et al. 2003
Infraor. Lemuriformes Gregory 1915 [lemur]
+
Unr. Chiromyiformes Anthony and Coupin 1931
+
Fm. Daubentoniidae Gray 1863
+
G. Daubentonia Geoffroy 1795 [aye aye]
+
Invalid names: Cheiromys Cuvier 1817 [synonym], Cheyromis Geoffroy 1803 [synonym], Chiromys Illiger 1811 [synonym], Myslemur Blainville 1846 [synonym], Myspithecus Blainville 1839 [synonym], Psilodactylus Oken 1816 [synonym], Scoleophagus Geoffroy 1785 [synonym]
Superfm. Lemuroidea Mivart 1864
+
Fm. †Archaeolemuridae Grandidier 1905 [monkey lemur]
+
G. †Archaeolemur Filhol 1895
G. †Hadropithecus Lorenz von Libernau 1901
Fm. Cheirogaleidae Gray 1873
+
G. Allocebus Petter-Rousseaux and Petter 1967
G. Cheirogaleus Geoffroy 1812 [dwarf lemur]
+
Invalid names: Altililemur Elliot 1913 [synonym], Cebugale Lesson 1840 [synonym], Mioxicebus Lesson 1840 [synonym], Myspithecus Cuvier 1842 [synonym], Opolemur Gray 1872 [synonym]
G. Microcebus Geoffroy 1827 [mouse lemur]
+
Invalid names: Azema Gray 1870 [synonym], Gliscebus Lesson 1840 [synonym], Murilemur Gray 1870 [synonym], Myocebus Wagner 1841 [synonym], Myscebus Lesson 1840 [synonym], Scartes Swainson 1835 [synonym]
G. Mirza Gray 1870 [dwarf lemur]
G. Phaner Gray 1870
Fm. Indriidae Burnett 1828
+
G. Avahi Jourdan 1834 [avahi]
+
Invalid names: Habrocebus Wagner 1839 [synonym], Iropocus Gloger 1841 [synonym], Microrhynchus Jourdan 1834 [replaced], Semnocebus Lesson 1840 [synonym]
G. Indri Geoffroy and Cuvier 1796 [indri]
+
Invalid names: Indrium Rafinesque 1815 [synonym], Lichanotus Illiger 1811 [synonym], Pithelemur Lesson 1840 [synonym]
Fm. Lemuridae Gray 1821
+
G. Eulemur Simons and Rumpler 1988 [true lemur]
G. Lemur Linnaeus 1758 [ring-tailed lemur]
+
Invalid names: Catta Link 1806 [synonym], Maki Muirhead 1819 [synonym], Mococo Trouessart 1878 [synonym], Procebus Storr 1780 [synonym], Prosimia Brisson 1762 [synonym]
G. †Pachylemur Lamberton 1948
G. Varecia Gray 1863 [ruffed lemur]
Invalid names: Chiromyina Gray 1825 [empty], Galagonina Gray 1825 [empty], Lemurinae Gray 1825 [empty], Lichanotina Gray 1825 [empty], Loridina Gray 1825 [empty], Tarsiina Bonaparte 1850 [empty]
Fm. Lepilemuridae Gray 1870
+
G. Lepilemur Geoffroy 1851 [sportive lemur]
+
Invalid names: Galeocebus Wagner 1855 [synonym], Mixocebus Peters 1875 [synonym]
Fm. †Palaeopropithecidae Tattersall 1973
+
G. †Archaeoindris Standing 1908
G. †Babakotia Godfrey et al. 1990
G. †Mesopropithecus Standing 1905
G. †Palaeopropithecus Grandidier 1899
Invalid names: Indridae Burnett 1828 [empty], Megalapidae [empty], Nesopithecidae Major 1896 [empty]
Invalid names: Cheirogaleoidea Gray 1872 [empty], Indrioidea [empty]
Infraor. Lorisiformes Gregory 1915
+
Superfm. †Lorisoidea
+
Fm. Galagidae Mivart 1864 [galago]
+
G. Euoticus Gray 1863 [needle-clawed bushbaby]
G. Galagoides Smith 1833
Subfm. †Kombinae Harrison 2010
G. Otolemur Coquerel 1859
G. Paragalago Masters et al. 2017
G. †Progalago MacInnes 1943
G. †Saharagalago Seiffert et al. 2003
G. Sciurocheirus Gray 1872
G. †Wadilemur Simons 1997
Fm. Lorisidae Gray 1821 [loris]
+
Subfm. Lorisinae Gray 1821
Subfm. †Mioeuoticinae Harrison 2010
G. †Namaloris Pickford 2015
Subfm. Perodictinae Gray 1870
Invalid names: Ceciliolemuridae Weigelt 1933 [invalid subgroup], Ceciliolemuroidea Weigelt 1933 [invalid subgroup], Lemures Hubrecht [empty], Pithecus Geoffroy and Cuvier 1795 [nomen nudum], Plesitarsiiformes Gingerich 1974 [empty], Pliopithecus posthumus Schlosser 1924 [nomen dubium], Prosimiae Milne Edwards [empty], Prosimii Illiger 1811 [empty], Simia Linnaeus 1758 [nomen nudum], Simia (Cercopithecus) sinicus pileatus Kerr 1792 [nomen dubium], Simia apedia Linnaeus 1758 [nomen dubium], Simiolemuriformes [empty], Tarsii [empty], Tupaioidea Dobson 1882 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available