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Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish)

Osteichthyes

Taxonomy
Sarcopterygii was named by Romer (1955). It is extant.

It was reranked as the class Sarcopterygii by Long (2011); it was reranked as the superclass Sarcopterygii by Betancur et al. (2013); it was reranked as the subclass Sarcopterygii by Miles (1977), Gardiner (1982), Ahlberg (1991), Young et al. (1992), Chang and Zhu (1993), Yu (1998), Schultze (2000), Schultze (2001), Martinelli and Forasiepi (2004), Davis et al. (2004), Young and Schultze (2005), Clement (2005), Clement (2006), Johanson et al. (2007), Nelson et al. (2016), van der Laan (2019), Mondéjar‐Fernández et al. (2020).

It was assigned to Teleostomi by Miles (1977); to Osteichthyes by Brazeau (2005), Friedman and Coates (2006), Friedman and Daeschler (2006), Friedman et al. (2007), Qiao and Zhu (2009), Lu and Zhu (2010), Clement and Long (2010), Long (2011), Schultze and Reed (2012), Clement (2012), Lu et al. (2012), Sharp and Clack (2013), Betancur et al. (2013), Qiao and Zhu (2015), Smithson et al. (2016), Mann et al. (2017), Clack et al. (2019); and to Osteichthyes by Romer (1955), Daly (1973), Thurmond and Jones (1981), Gardiner (1982), Ahlberg (1991), Young et al. (1992), Chang and Zhu (1993), Yu (1998), Dineley and Metcalf (1999), Schultze (2000), Schultze (2001), Meyer and Zardoya (2003), Martinelli and Forasiepi (2004), Davis et al. (2004), Young and Schultze (2005), Clement (2005), Irmis (2005), Clement (2006), Johanson et al. (2007), Young et al. (2013), Nelson et al. (2016), van der Laan (2019), Mondéjar‐Fernández et al. (2020).

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1861Crossopterygidae Huxley p. 24
1887Crossopterygia Cope p. 1017
1891Crossopterygii Woodward p. 316
1898Crossopterygii Gadow p. 7
1902Crossopterygia Hay p. 356
1911Crossopterygii Jaekel p. 75
1916Crossopterygii Woodward p. 21
1934Crossopterygii Heintz p. S181
1934Crossopterygii Säve-Söderbergh p. 17
1955Sarcopterygii Romer p. 126
1963Crossopterygii Jordan p. 608
1973Crossopterygii Daly p. 567
1973Sarcopterygii Daly p. 567
1977Sarcopterygii Miles
1981Sarcopterygii Thurmond and Jones p. 80
1982Sarcopterygii Gardiner p. 228
1991Sarcopterygii Ahlberg p. 280
1992Sarcopterygii Young et al.
1993Sarcopterygii Chang and Zhu
1998Sarcopterygii Yu
1999Sarcopterygii Dineley and Metcalf p. 11
2000Sarcopterygii Schultze
2001Sarcopterygii Schultze
2003Sarcopterygii Meyer and Zardoya
2004Sarcopterygii Davis et al.
2004Sarcopterygii Martinelli and Forasiepi p. 260
2005Sarcopterygii Brazeau
2005Sarcopterygii Clement p. 481
2005Sarcopterygii Irmis p. 67
2005Sarcopterygii Young and Schultze
2006Sarcopterygii Clement p. 461
2006Sarcopterygii Friedman and Coates
2006Sarcopterygii Friedman and Daeschler
2007Sarcopterygii Friedman et al.
2007Sarcopterygii Johanson et al.
2009Sarcopterygii Qiao and Zhu
2010Sarcopterygii Clement and Long
2010Sarcopterygii Lu and Zhu
2011Sarcopterygii Long p. 244
2012Sarcopterygii Clement
2012Sarcopterygii Lu et al.
2012Sarcopterygii Schultze and Reed
2013Sarcopterygii Betancur et al.
2013Sarcopterygii Sharp and Clack
2013Sarcopterygii Young et al.
2015Sarcopterygii Qiao and Zhu
2016Sarcopterygii Nelson et al. p. 102
2016Sarcopterygii Smithson et al.
2017Sarcopterygii Mann et al. p. 234
2019Sarcopterygii Clack et al.
2019Sarcopterygii van der Laan p. 86
2020Sarcopterygii Mondéjar‐Fernández et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
RankNameAuthor
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
classOsteichthyes
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassSarcopterygii()

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Subcl. Sarcopterygii Romer 1955 [lobe-finned fish]
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G. †Achoania Zhu et al. 2001
+
†Achoania jarvikii Zhu et al. 2001
Infracl. Actinistia Cope 1870
+
G. †Allenypterus Melton 1969
+
†Allenypterus montanus Melton 1969
G. †Chagrinia Schaeffer 1962
+
†Chagrinia enodis Schaeffer 1962
Or. Coelacanthiformes Berg 1937 [coelacanth]
+
Fm. Coelacanthidae Agassiz 1843
+
G. †Alcoveria Beltan 1972
+
†Alcoveria brevis Beltan 1972
G. †Chaohuichthys Tong et al. 2006
+
†Chaohuichthys majiashanensis Tong et al. 2006
G. †Coelacanthus Agassiz 1839
+
†Coelacanthus dendrites Gardiner 1973
†Coelacanthus elegans Newberry 1856
+
Invalid names: Conchiopsis filiferus Cope 1873 [synonym]
†Coelacanthus elongatus Huxley 1866
†Coelacanthus evolutus Beltan 1980
†Coelacanthus exiguus Eastman 1902
†Coelacanthus gracilis Agassiz 1843
†Coelacanthus granulatus Agassiz 1839
+
Invalid names: Coelacanthus caudalis Egerton 1850 [synonym], Coelacanthus hassiae Münster 1842 [synonym]
†Coelacanthus lepturus Agassiz 1843
†Coelacanthus lunzensis Teller 1891
†Coelacanthus minor Agassiz 1843
†Coelacanthus munsteri Agassiz 1843
†Coelacanthus ornatus Newberry 1856
†Coelacanthus phillipsii Agassiz 1843
†Coelacanthus robustus Newberry 1856
†Coelacanthus welleri Eastman 1908
Invalid names: Conchiopsis Cope 1873 [synonym]
G. †Graphiurichthys White and Moy-Thomas 1937
+
Invalid names: Graphiurus Kner 1866 [replaced]
G. †Moenkopia Schaeffer and Gregory 1961
+
†Moenkopia wellesi Schaeffer and Gregory 1961
G. †Mylacanthus Stensiö 1921
+
†Mylacanthus lobatus Stensiö 1921
†Mylacanthus spinosus Stensiö 1921
G. †Peplorhina Cope 1873
+
†Peplorhina anthracina Cope 1873
G. †Quayia Hunt 1997
+
†Quayia zideki Hunt 1997
Subor. †Coelacanthoidei Berg 1937
+
G. †Dumfregia Lund and Lund 1985
+
†Dumfregia huxleyi Traquair 1881
G. †Cualabaea
G. †Dobrogeria Cavin and Grădinaru 2014
+
†Dobrogeria aegyssensis Cavin and Grădinaru 2014
G. †Holoptychus Agassiz 1843
Subor. †Latimerioidei Schultze 1993
+
Fm. †Dipluridae Graf 2012
+
G. †Reidus Graf 2012
Fm. Latimeriidae Berg 1940
+
G. †Indocoelacanthus Jain 1974
Subfm. Latimeriinae Berg 1940
G. †Macropomoides Woodward 1942
Subfm. †Ticinepomiinae Ferrante and Cavin 2023
Invalid names: Macropomidae Owen 1860 [synonym], Undinidae Whitley 1940 [synonym]
Fm. †Mawsoniidae Schultze 1993
+
G. †Axelrodichthys Maisey 1986
G. †Changxingia Wang and Liu 1981
G. †Chinlea Schaeffer 1967
G. †Diplurus Newberry 1878
+
Invalid names: Osteopleurus Schaeffer 1941 [synonym], Rabdiolepis Emmons 1857 [synonym]
G. †Garnbergia Martin and Wenz 1984
G. †Graulia Manuelli et al. 2024
G. †Lualabaea Saint-Seine 1955
G. †Mawsonia Mawson and Woodward 1907
G. †Parnaibaia Yabumoto 2007
G. †Rhipis Saint-Seine 1950
G. †Trachymetopon Hennig 1951
Invalid names: Dipleurinae Maisey 1991 [invalid subgroup]
Invalid names: Palaeoctopus pelagicus Fuchs et al. 2008 [nomen dubium]
G. †Lochmocercus Lund and Lund 1984
+
†Lochmocercus aciculodontus Lund and Lund 1984
G. †Luopingcoelacanthus Wen et al. 2013
+
G. †Sinocoelacanthus Liu 1964
+
Fm. †Whiteiidae Schultze 1993
+
G. †Atacamaia Arratia and Schultze 2015
+
†Atacamaia solitaria Arratia and Schultze 2015
G. †Axelia Stensiö 1921
+
†Axelia elegans Stensiö 1921
†Axelia robusta Stensiö 1921
G. †Piveteauia Lehman 1952
+
G. †Whiteia Moy-Thomas 1935
+
†Whiteia africanus Broom 1905
†Whiteia anniae Xu et al. 2025
†Whiteia durabilis Wendruff 2011
†Whiteia giganteus Brownstein 2023
†Whiteia lepta Wendruff 2011
†Whiteia nielseni Forey 1998
†Whiteia oishii Yabumoto and Brito 2016
†Whiteia tuberculata Moy-Thomas 1935
†Whiteia uyenoteruyai Yabumoto et al. 2019
†Whiteia woodwardi Moy-Thomas 1935
G. †Wimania Stensio 1921
+
†Wimania multistriata Stensiö 1921
†Wimania sinuosa Stensiö 1921
Invalid names: Leioderma Stensiö 1918 [replaced]
G. †Yunnancoelacanthus Wen et al. 2013
+
Invalid names: Coelacanthiidae [empty]
Fm. †Diplocercididae Berg 1940
+
G. †Diplocercides Stensio 1922
+
†Diplocercides davisi Moy-Thomas 1937
†Diplocercides jaekeli Stensio 1922
†Diplocercides kayseri von Koenen 1895
+
Invalid names: Holoptychius kayseri von Koenen 1895 [replaced], Nesides schmidti Stensio 1937 [synonym]
Invalid names: Nesides Stensio 1937 [synonym]
G. †Euporosteus Jaekel 1927
+
†Euporosteus eifeliensis Jaekel 1927
†Euporosteus yunnanensis Lu et al. 2012
Invalid names: Euporosteidae Romer 1966 [synonym]
Or. †Diplocercidiformes Schultze 2004
+
Invalid names: Diplocercidoidei Berg 1937 [empty], Hadronectoroidei Lund and Lund 1984 [empty]
G. †Eoactinistia Johanson et al. 2006
+
†Eoactinistia foreyi Johanson et al. 2006
G. †Hadronector Lund and Lund 1984
+
†Hadronector donbairdi Lund and Lund 1984
G. †Hainbergia Schweizer 1966
+
†Hainbergia granulata Schweizer 1966
G. †Heptanema Belloti 1857
+
†Heptanema paradoxum Bellotti 1857
G. †Holopterygius Jessen 1973
+
†Holopterygius nudus Jessen 1973
Fm. †Laugiidae Berg 1940
+
G. †Belemnocerca Wendruff and Wilson 2013
+
†Belemnocerca prolata Wendruff and Wilson 2013
G. †Coccoderma Zittel 1887
+
†Coccoderma bavaricum Reis 1888
†Coccoderma gigas Reis 1888
†Coccoderma seuvicum Quenstedt 1858
†Coccoderma substriolatum Huxley 1866
†Coccoderma suevicum Quenstedt 1858
+
Invalid names: Coelacanthus harlemensis Winkler 1874 [synonym]
G. †Laugia Stensiö 1932
+
†Laugia groenlandica Stensiö 1932
Invalid names: Coccodermidae White 1956 [synonym]
Fm. †Miguashaiidae Schultze 1993
+
G. †Gavinia Long 1999
+
†Gavinia syntrips Long 1999
G. †Miguashaia Schultze 1973
+
†Miguashaia bureaui Schultze 1973
†Miguashaia grossi Forey et al. 2000
G. †Ngamugawi Clement et al. 2024
+
†Ngamugawi wirngarri Clement et al. 2024
G. †Polyosteorhynchus Lund and Lund 1984
+
†Polyosteorhynchus simplex Lund and Lund 1984
Fm. †Rebellatricidae Wendruff and Wilson 2012
+
G. †Rebellatrix Wendruff and Wilson 2012
+
†Rebellatrix divaricerca Wendruff and Wilson 2012
Fm. †Rhabdodermatidae Berg 1958
+
G. †Caridosuctor Lund and Lund 1984
+
†Caridosuctor populosum Lund and Lund 1984
G. †Rhabdoderma Reis 1888
+
†Rhabdoderma alderingi Moy-Thomas 1937
†Rhabdoderma ardrossense Moy-Thomas 1937
†Rhabdoderma elegans Newberry 1856
†Rhabdoderma exiguum Eastman 1902
†Rhabdoderma huxleyi Traquair 1881
†Rhabdoderma newelli Hibbard 1933
†Rhabdoderma tinglyense Davis 1884
Fm. †Sasseniidae Forey 1998
+
G. †Sassenia Stensiö 1921
+
†Sassenia groenlandica Forey 1998
†Sassenia guttata Woodward 1912
†Sassenia tuberculata Stensiö 1921
G. †Spermatodus Cope 1894
+
G. †Scleracanthus Stensiö 1921
+
†Scleracanthus asper Stensiö 1921
G. †Serenichthys Gess and Coates 2015
+
†Serenichthys kowiensis Gess and Coates 2015
G. †Shoshonia Friedman et al. 2007
+
†Shoshonia arctopteryx Friedman et al. 2007
G. †Synaptotylus Echols 1963
+
†Synaptotylus newelli Echols 1963
G. †Youngichthys Wang and Liu 1981
+
†Youngichthys xinghuainsis Wang and Liu 1981
Invalid names: Coelacanthimorpha [synonym], Coelacanthini [replaced], Hadronectoridae Lund and Lund 1984 [empty]
Infracl. Dipnomorpha Ahlberg 1991
+
Superor. Dipnoi Müller 1884 [lungfish]
+
G. †Adelargo Johanson and Ritchie 2000
+
†Adelargo schultzei Johanson and Ritchie 2000
G. †Amadeodipterus Young and Schultze 2005
+
†Amadeodipterus kencampbelli Young and Schultze 2005
G. †Apatorhynchus Friedman and Daeschler 2006
+
†Apatorhynchus opistheretmus Friedman and Daeschler 2006
G. †Ballagadus Smithson et al. 2016
+
†Ballagadus caustrimi Smithson et al. 2016
†Ballagadus rossi Smithson et al. 2016
G. †Cathlorhynchus Campbell et al. 2009
+
†Cathlorhynchus trismodipterus Campbell et al. 2009
†Cathlorhynchus zengi Qiao and Zhu 2015
G. †Celsiodon Clack et al. 2019
+
†Celsiodon ahlbergi Clack et al. 2019
Fm. Ceratodontidae Gill 1872
+
G. †Ariguna Kemp 1994
+
†Ariguna formosa Wade 1935
G. †Asiatoceratodus Vorobyeva 1967
+
†Asiatoceratodus sharovi Vorovyeva 1967
†Asiatoceratodus tiguidiensis Medeiros et al. 2007
G. †Atlantoceratodus Cione et al. 2007
+
†Atlantoceratodus iheringi Ameghino 1906
Subfm. †Ceratodontinae Gill 1872
+
G. †Retodus Churcher et al. 2006
G. †Ceratodus Agassiz 1838
+
†Ceratodus altus Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus americanus Knight 1898
†Ceratodus arenaceus Quenstedt 1883
†Ceratodus argentinus Apesteguia et al. 2007
†Ceratodus avus Woodward 1906
†Ceratodus bicornis Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus bovisrivi Linck 1962
†Ceratodus brasiliensis Souza Cunha and Ferreira 1980
†Ceratodus bucobaensis Minikh 1977
†Ceratodus capensis Woodward 1889
†Ceratodus carinatus Schaal 1984
†Ceratodus casieri Cappetta 1972
†Ceratodus cloacinus Quenstedt 1858
†Ceratodus curvus Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus daedaleus Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus disauris Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus diutinus Kemp 1993
†Ceratodus elegans Vollrath 1923
†Ceratodus emarginatus Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus facetidens Chabakov 1931
†Ceratodus favosus Cope 1884
†Ceratodus felchi Kirkland 1987
†Ceratodus frazieri Ostrom 1970
+
Invalid names: Polyporites browni Wieland 1934 [synonym]
†Ceratodus gibbus Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus guentheri Marsh 1878
†Ceratodus guilielmi Meyer and Plieninger 1844
†Ceratodus gustasoni Kirkland 1987
†Ceratodus heteromorphus Agassiz 1834
†Ceratodus hislopianus Oldham 1859
†Ceratodus humei Priem 1914
†Ceratodus hunterianus Oldham 1859
†Ceratodus jechartiensis Minikh 1977
†Ceratodus kannemeyeri Seeley 1897
†Ceratodus kaupi Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus kaupii Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus kempae Frederickson and Cifelli 2017
†Ceratodus kirklandi Frederickson and Cifelli 2017
†Ceratodus kranzi Frederickson et al. 2016
†Ceratodus kurrii Meyer and Plieninger 1844
†Ceratodus latissimus Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus madelungi Volz 1896
†Ceratodus minor Liu and Yeh 1957
†Ceratodus minutus Haug 1905
†Ceratodus molossus Frederickson and Cifelli 2017
†Ceratodus nageshwarai Shah and Satsangi 1970
†Ceratodus nargun Kemp 1983
†Ceratodus nirumbee Frederickson and Cifelli 2017
†Ceratodus obtusus Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus orenburgensis Minikh 1977
†Ceratodus palaeoruncinatus Frentzen 1924
†Ceratodus palmatus Meyer and Plieninger 1844
†Ceratodus parvus Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus pectinatus Tabaste 1963
†Ceratodus phillipsi Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus planasper Linck 1962
†Ceratodus planus Agassiz 1838
†Ceratodus priscus Fraas 1904
†Ceratodus protopteroides Tabaste 1963
†Ceratodus recticristatus Vorobyeva and Minikh 1968
†Ceratodus robustus Knight 1898
†Ceratodus runcinatus Meyer and Plieninger 1844
†Ceratodus shenmuensis Liu and Yeh 1960
†Ceratodus silesiacus Roemer 1870
†Ceratodus stewarti Milner and Kirkland 2006
†Ceratodus trapezoides Meyer and Plieninger 1844
†Ceratodus tuberculatus Tabaste 1963
†Ceratodus tunuensis Agnolin et al. 2018
†Ceratodus vinslovii Cope 1875
†Ceratodus weissmanni Meyer and Plieninger 1844
†Ceratodus wollastoni Chapman 1914
†Ceratodus youngi Liu and Yeh 1960
Invalid names: Tellerodus Lehman 1975 [synonym]
G. †Chaoceratodus Apesteguia et al. 2007
+
†Chaoceratodus portezuelensis Apesteguia et al. 2007
+
G. †Lupaceradotus Gottfried et al. 2009
+
†Lupaceradotus useviaensis Gottfried et al. 2009
G. †Metaceratodus Chapman 1914
+
†Metaceratodus baibianorum Panzeri et al. 2020
†Metaceratodus bonei Kemp 1997
†Metaceratodus ellioti Kemp 1997
†Metaceratodus kaopen Apesteguia et al. 2007
†Metaceratodus palmeri Krefft 1874
†Metaceratodus wichmanni Apesteguía and Agnolin 2007
†Metaceratodus wollastoni Chapman 1914
G. †Microceratodus Texeira 1954
+
†Microceratodus angolensis Texeira 1947
G. †Rinconodus Panzeri et al. 2022
+
†Rinconodus salvadori Panzeri et al. 2022
Invalid names: Arganodontidae Martin 1982 [synonym], Asiatoceratodontidae Vorobyeva 1967 [synonym], Protoceratodontidae Miles 1977 [synonym]
Or. Ceratodontiformes Berg 1940 [Australian lungfish]
+
G. †Ameghinoceratodus Apesteguia et al. 2007
+
Fm. Lepidosirenidae Stirton 1953
Invalid names: Protopteridae [empty]
G. †Potamoceratodus Pardo et al. 2010
Invalid names: Ceratodontoidea Apesteguia et al. 2007 [empty]
Subor. Ceratodontoidei Vorobyeva and Obruchev 1964
+
G. †Paraceratodus Lehman et al. 1959
+
†Paraceratodus germaini Lehman et al. 1959
G. †Coccovedus Smithson et al. 2016
+
†Coccovedus celatus Smithson et al. 2016
+
Fm. †Ctenodontidae Woodward 1891
+
Subfm. †Ctenodontinae Woodward 1891
G. †Eoctenodus Hills 1929
Subfm. †Gnathorhizinae Campbell and Barwick 1990
Fm. †Ganopristodidae Fowler 1958
+
G. †Ganopristodus Traquair 1891
+
Invalid names: Uronemus Agassiz 1843 [replaced]
Invalid names: Uronemidae Traquair 1890 [synonym]
Subor. †Ctenodontoidei Nikolski 1954
+
Invalid names: Ctenodontiidae Woodward 1891 [empty]
G. †Ctenodus Agassiz 1838
+
†Ctenodus allodens Sharp and Clack 2013
†Ctenodus cristatus Agassiz 1838
+
Invalid names: Ctenodus concavus Barkas 1869 [synonym], Ctenodus ovatus Barkus 1869 [synonym], Ctenodus tuberculatus Atthey 1868 [synonym], Sagenodus corrugatus Woodward 1891 [synonym]
†Ctenodus fossatus Cope 1877
†Ctenodus gurleyanus Cope 1877
†Ctenodus heterolophus Cope 1883
†Ctenodus interruptus Barkas 1869
†Ctenodus murchisoni Ward 1890
†Ctenodus periprion Cope 1878
†Ctenodus porrectus Cope 1878
†Ctenodus roberti Smithson et al. 2016
†Ctenodus romeri Thomson 1965
†Ctenodus serratus Newberry 1875
†Ctenodus vabasensis Cope 1883
†Ctenodus wagneri Newberry 1889
†Ctenodus whitropei Smithson et al. 2016
†Ctenodus williei Smithson et al. 2016
Invalid names: Ctenodus robertsoni Agassiz 1843 [nomen dubium], Ctenodus tardus Fritsch 1889 [nomen dubium]
G. †Devonosteus Jaekel 1927
+
†Devonosteus proteus Jaekel 1927
+
Invalid names: Diabolepididae Schultze 1993 [empty]
G. †Dianodipterus Luo et al. 2021
+
†Dianodipterus huizeensis Luo et al. 2021
Or. Dipnoiformes Cloutier 1990
+
Invalid names: Diabolepidida Schultze 1993 [empty]
+
Fm. †Dipnorhynchidae Berg 1940
+
G. †Dipnorhynchus Jaekel 1927
G. †Dipnotuberculus Campbell et al. 2002
G. †Erikia Chang and Wang 1995
G. †Speonesydrion Campbell and Barwick 1983
+
†Speonysedrion lehmanni Westoll 1949
Invalid names: Speonysedrion lehmanni Westoll 1949 [valid], Speonysedrion lehmanni Westoll 1949 [valid]
Invalid names: Speonesydrionidae Campbell and Barwick 1990 [synonym]
Fm. †Uranolophidae Miles 1977
+
G. †Uranolophus Denison 1968
Subor. †Dipnorhynchina Campbell and Barwick 1990
+
G. †Ganorhynchus Traquair 1873
+
†Ganorhynchus beecheri Newberry 1889
†Ganorhynchus caucasius Krupina 1979
†Ganorhynchus oblongus Cope 1892
†Ganorhynchus splendens Gross 1937
†Ganorhynchus woodwardi Traquair 1878
G. †Heliodus Newberry 1875
+
†Heliodus lesleyi Newberry 1875
Subor. Dipteri Jaekel 1911
+
Invalid names: Uronemi Jaekel 1911 [empty]
+
Fm. †Chirodipteridae Campbell and Barwick 1990
+
Subfm. †Chirodipterinae Long 1992
G. †Chirodipterus Gross 1933
+
Invalid names: Sunwapta Thomson 1967 [synonym]
G. †Conchodus McCoy 1848
+
Invalid names: Cheirodus Pander 1858 [synonym]
G. †Palaedaphus van Beneden and Koninck 1864
G. †Pillararhynchus Campbell and Barwick 1990
Invalid names: Conchodontinae Krupina 2004 [invalid subgroup], Pillararhynchinae Long 1992 [invalid subgroup]
Fm. †Dipteridae Owen 1846
+
G. †Dipterus Sedgwick and Murchison 1828
+
Invalid names: Catopterus Agassiz 1833 [synonym]
G. †Grossipterus Obruchev 1964
G. †Howidipterus Long 1992
G. †Orlovichthys Krupina 1980
G. †Rhinodipterus Gross 1956
Invalid names: Ctenododipteridae Guenther 1880 [synonym], Orlovichthyinae Krupina 2004 [invalid subgroup], Rhinodipteridae Campbell and Barwick 1990 [synonym]
Fm. †Fleurantiidae Westoll 1949
+
G. †Barwickia Long 1992
Fm. †Holodipteridae Gorizdro-Kulczycka 1950
+
G. †Holodipterus White and Moy-Thomas 1940
G. †Holodus Pander 1858
Invalid names: Holodontidae Gorizdro-Kulczycka 1950 [synonym]
G. †Iranorhynchus Janvier and Martin 1978
+
†Iranorhynchus seyedemamii Janvier and Martin 1978
Fm. †Phaneropleuridae Huxley
+
G. †Pentlandia Watson and Day 1916
G. †Phaneropleuron Huxley 1861
G. †Scaumenacia Whiteaves 1881
Invalid names: Scaumenaciidae Berg 1940 [synonym]
Fm. †Rhynchodipteridae Berg 1940
+
G. †Fleurantia Graham-Smith and Westoll 1937
G. †Jarvikia Lehman 1959
G. †Rhynchodipterus Save-Soderbergh 1937
G. †Soederberghia Lehman 1959
G. †Speonesydrion Campbell and Barwick 1983
+
†Speonysedrion lehmanni Westoll 1949
Invalid names: Speonysedrion lehmanni Westoll 1949 [valid], Speonysedrion lehmanni Westoll 1949 [valid]
Fm. †Stomiahykidae Bernacsek 1977
+
G. †Archaeonectes von Meyer 1859
G. †Stomiahykus Bernacsek 1977
G. †Dongshanodus Wang 1981
+
G. †Ferganoceratodus Nessov and Kaznyshkin 1985
+
†Ferganoceratodus edwardsi Challands et al. 2024
†Ferganoceratodus jurassicus Nessov and Kaznyshkin 1985
†Ferganoceratodus martini Cavin et al. 2007
Fm. †Gnathorhizidae Miles 1977
+
G. †Beltanodus Schultze 1981
+
†Beltanodus ambilobensis Schultze 1981
G. †Gnathorhiza Cope 1883
+
†Gnathorhiza bogdensis Minikh 1977
†Gnathorhiza bothrotreta Berman 1976
†Gnathorhiza dikeloda Olson 1951
†Gnathorhiza lozovskii Minikh 1977
†Gnathorhiza noblensis Olson and Daly 1972
†Gnathorhiza otschevi Minikh 1977
†Gnathorhiza pusilla Cope 1877
†Gnathorhiza serrata Cope 1883
†Gnathorhiza tatarica Minikh 1989
†Gnathorhiza triassica Minikh 1977
G. †Namatozodia Kemp 1993
+
†Namatozodia pitikanta Kemp 1993
G. †Palaeophichthys Eastman 1908
+
†Palaeophichthys parvulus Eastman 1908
G. †Gosfordia Woodward 1890
+
†Gosfordia truncata Woodward 1890
G. †Harajicadipterus Clement 2009
+
†Harajicadipterus youngi Clement 2009
Or. †Holodipterida Moy-Thomas and Miles 1971
+
Invalid names: Holodontidei Schultze 1992 [empty], Holodontoidei Long 2010 [empty]
G. †Jessenia Otto and Bardenheuer 1996
+
†Jessenia concentrica Otto and Bardenheuer 1996
G. †Limanichthys Challands et al. 2019
+
†Limanichthys fraseri Challands et al. 2019
G. †Megapleuron Gaudry 1881
+
†Megapleuron rochei Gaudry 1881
†Megapleuron zangerli Schultze 1977
G. †Melanognathus Jarvik 1967
+
†Melanognathus canadensis Jarvik 1967
Fm. Neoceratodontidae Miles 1977
+
G. †Archaeoceratodus Kemp 1997
+
†Archaeoceratodus avus Woodward 1906
G. †Mioceratodus Kemp 1992
+
†Mioceratodus gregoryi White 1925
†Mioceratodus poastrus Kemp 1997
G. Neoceratodus Castelnau 1876 [Queensland lungfish]
+
†Neoceratodus djelleh Kemp 1982
†Neoceratodus eyrensis White 1925
†Neoceratodus gregoryi White 1925
†Neoceratodus nargun Kemp 1983
†Neoceratodus palmeri Krefft 1874
G. †Nielsenia Lehman 1959
+
†Nielsenia nordica Lehman 1959
G. †Occludus Smithson et al. 2016
+
†Occludus romeri Smithson et al. 2016
G. †Oervigia Lehman 1959
+
†Oervigia nordica Lehman 1959
G. †Persephonichthys Pardo et al. 2014
+
†Persephonichthys chthonica Pardo et al. 2014
G. †Pinnalongus Newman and den Blaauwen 2007 [lungfish]
+
†Pinnalongus saxoni Newman and den Blaauwen 2007 [lungfish]
Fm. †Powichthyidae Jessen 1975
+
G. †Powichthys Jessen 1975
+
†Powichthys spitsbergensis Clement and Janvier 2004
G. †Proceratodus Cope 1884
+
†Proceratodus favosus Cope 1884
†Proceratodus wagneri Newberry 1889
Fm. †Ptychoceratodontidae Martin 1982
+
G. †Ptychoceratodus Jaekel 1926
+
†Ptychoceratodus acutus Priem 1924
†Ptychoceratodus cionei Apesteguia et al. 2007
†Ptychoceratodus concinnus Meyer and Plieninger 1844
†Ptychoceratodus cuyanus Agnolin et al. 2017
†Ptychoceratodus donensis Vorobyeva and Minikh 1968
†Ptychoceratodus gracilis Vorobyeva and Minikh 1968
†Ptychoceratodus phillipsi Agassiz 1838
†Ptychoceratodus roemeri Skrzycki 2015
†Ptychoceratodus serratus Agassiz 1838
†Ptychoceratodus virapa Oldham 1859
Fm. †Sagenodontidae Jaekel 1911
+
G. †Aphelodus Kemp 1993 [simple tooth]
+
†Aphelodus anapes Kemp 1993
G. †Sagenodus Owen 1867
+
†Sagenodus angustus Newberry 1897
†Sagenodus browniae Cope 1897
+
Invalid names: Proceratodus carlinvillensis Romer and Smith 1934 [replaced]
†Sagenodus copeanus Williston 1899
†Sagenodus cristatus Agassiz 1838
†Sagenodus dialophus Cope 1878
†Sagenodus foliatus Cope 1897
†Sagenodus inaequalis Owen 1867
†Sagenodus jugosus Hay 1900
†Sagenodus lacovianus Cope 1897
†Sagenodus magister Cope 1897
†Sagenodus occidentalis Newberry and Worthen 1866
†Sagenodus ohioensis Cope 1875
†Sagenodus periprion Cope 1878
†Sagenodus porrectus Cope 1878
+
Invalid names: Sagenodus serratus Newberry 1875 [synonym]
†Sagenodus pusillus Cope 1877
†Sagenodus quadratus Newberry 1873
†Sagenodus quinquecostatus Traquair 1883
†Sagenodus reticulatus Newberry and Worthen 1870
†Sagenodus textilis Hay 1899
+
Invalid names: Sagenodus gurleianus Cope 1897 [replaced]
Invalid names: Prosagenodus Romer and Smith 1934 [synonym], Ptyonodus Cope 1877 [synonym]
G. †Straitonia Thomson 1966
+
†Straitonia waterstoni Thomson 1966
G. †Sinodipterus Qiao and Zhu 2009
+
†Sinodipterus beibei Qiao and Zhu 2009
+
Invalid names: Ctenodontidae [empty]
G. †Speonesydrion Campbell and Barwick 1983
+
†Speonysedrion lehmanni Westoll 1949
Invalid names: Speonysedrion lehmanni Westoll 1949 [valid], Speonysedrion lehmanni Westoll 1949 [valid]
Subor. †Speonesydrionina Campbell and Barwick 1990
+
G. †Adololopas Campbell and Barwick 1998
+
†Adololopas moyasmithae Campbell and Barwick 1998
G. †Parasagenodus Vorob'yeva 1972
+
†Parasagenodus sibiricus Vorob'yeva 1972
G. †Synthetodus Eastman 1896
+
†Synthetodus trisulcatus Eastman 1896
G. †Tarachomylax Barwick et al. 1997
+
†Tarachomylax oepiki Barwick et al. 1997
Subor. †Uronemoidei Nikolski 1954
+
Fm. †Conchopomatidae Berg 1940
+
G. †Conchopoma Kner 1868
G. †Westollrhynchus Schultze 2001
+
†Westollrhynchus lehmanni Schultze 2001
G. †Xylognathus Smithson et al. 2016
+
†Xylognathus macrustenus Smithson et al. 2016
Fm. †Youngolepididae Gardiner 1984
+
G. †Youngolepis Chang and Yu 1981
+
†Youngolepis praecursor Chang and Yu 1981
Invalid names: Ceratodontae [synonym], Ceratodonti Jaekel 1911 [empty], Chirodipteroidea Long 1992 [empty], Dipnorhynchoidei Schultze 1992 [empty], Dipterida [empty], Dipterimorpha [synonym], Dipteroidei Vorobyeva and Obruchev 1964 [empty], Protopteri Jaekel 1911 [empty], Uranolophina Campbell and Barwick 1990 [empty]
Superor. †Porolepidimorpha
+
Or. †Porolepidiformes Jarvik 1942
+
G. †Durialepis Otto 2007
+
†Durialepis edentatus Otto 2007
G. †Hamodus Obruchev 1933
+
†Hamodus luktevitshi Obruchev 1933
G. †Heimenia Ørvig 1969
+
†Heimenia ensi Orvig 1969
†Heimenia ensis Ørvig 1969
Fm. †Holoptychiidae Owen 1859
+
G. †Apedodus Leidy 1856
G. †Duffichthys Ahlberg 1992
G. †Glyptolepis Agassiz 1843
G. †Holoptychius Agassiz 1843
G. †Laccognathus Gross 1941
G. †Nasogaluakus Schultze 2000
G. †Quebecius Schultze and Arsenault 1987
Invalid names: Cyclodipterini [synonym], Dendrodus Owen 1841 [nomen dubium]
G. †Paraglyptolepis Vorobyeva 1987
+
†Paraglyptolepis karkiensis Vorobyeva 1987
Fm. †Porolepididae Berg 1940
+
G. †Porolepis Woodward 1891
G. †Pseudosauripterus Ball et al. 1961
+
†Pseudosauripterus anglicus Woodward 1888
Fm. †Ventalepididae Lebedev and Luksevics 2018
+
G. †Ventalepis Schultze 1980
Invalid names: Holoptychiiformes [synonym]
Subcl. Dipnotetrapodomorpha Nelson 2006
+
Unr. Choanata Säve-Söderbergh 1934
+
Unr. Eutetrapoda Säve-Söderbergh 1934
+
Unr. †Reptiliomorphoidea Huene 1954
+
Invalid names: Anthrembolomeri Huene 1949 [empty]
Unr. †Sauromorphoidea Huene 1954
+
Invalid names: Neosauromorpha Huene 1954 [empty]
Invalid names: Batrachomorpha Säve-Söderbergh 1934 [empty], Batrachomorphoidea Huene 1954 [empty], Theromorphoidea Huene 1954 [empty]
Unr. Stegocephali Cope 1868
+
Or. †Adelospondyli Watson 1930
+
Fm. †Adelogyrinidae Watson 1930
Fm. †Lysorophidae Williston 1908
Subor. †Branchiosauria
+
G. †Micrerpeton Moodie 1909
G. †Goniocephalus Broili 1913
+
†Goniocephalus willistoni Broili 1913
Or. †Phyllospondyli Watson 1921
+
Fm. †Peliontidae Cope 1875
Invalid names: Eugyrinidae Watson 1940 [empty], Miobatrachidae Watson 1940 [empty]
Invalid names: Apoecospondyli Hay 1902 [empty], Embolospondyli Huene 1954 [empty], Ganocephala Owen 1859 [empty], Loxembolomeri Huene 1954 [empty], Neorhachitomi Efremov 1940 [empty]
G. †Diabolepis Chang and Yu 1984
+
†Diabolepis speratus Chang and Yu 1984
Invalid names: Diabolichthys Holmes 1856 [replaced]
G. †Styloichthys Zhu and Yu 2002
+
†Styloichthys changae Zhu and Yu 2002
Subcl. Tetrapodomorpha Ahlberg 1991
+
G. †Densignathus Daeschler 2000
+
†Densignathus rowei Daeschler 2000
Fm. †Elginerpetontidae Ahlberg 1995
+
G. †Elginerpeton Ahlberg 1995
+
†Elginerpeton pancheni Ahlberg 1995
G. †Obruchevichthys Vorobyeva 1977
+
†Obruchevichthys gracilis Vorobyeva 1977
Unr. †Elpistostegalia Camp and Alison 1961
+
G. †Qikiqtania Stewart et al. 2022
+
†Qikiqtania wakei Stewart et al. 2022
Invalid names: Elpistostegaliformes [empty]
Unr. †Eotetrapodiformes Coates and Friedman 2010
+
G. †Tinirau Swartz 2012
+
†Tinirau clackae Swartz 2012
G. †Gogonasus Long 1985
+
†Gogonasus andrewsae Long 1985
G. †Harajicadectes Choo et al. 2023
+
†Harajicadectes zhumini Choo et al. 2023
G. †Hynerpeton Daeschler et al. 1994
+
†Hynerpeton bassetti Daeschler et al. 1994
Fm. †Ichthyostegidae Save-Soderbergh 1932
+
G. †Ichthyostega Säve-Söderbergh 1932
+
†Ichthyostega eigili Säve-Söderbergh 1932
+
Invalid names: Ichthyostega wimani Säve-Söderbergh 1932 [objective synonym]
†Ichthyostega stensioei Säve-Söderbergh 1932
†Ichthyostega watsoni Säve-Söderbergh 1932
G. †Ichthyostegopsis Save-Soderbergh 1932
G. †Ymeria Clack et al. 2012
+
†Ymeria denticulata Clack et al. 2012
G. †Jakubsonia Lebedev 2004
+
†Jakubsonia livnensis Lebedev 2004
G. †Kenichthys Chang and Zhu 1993
+
†Kenichthys campbelli Chang and Zhu 1993
G. †Livoniana Ahlberg et al. 2000
+
†Livoniana multidentata Ahlberg et al. 2000
G. †Metaxygnathus Campbell and Bell 1977
+
†Metaxygnathus denticulatus Campbell and Bell 1977
G. †Sinostega Zhu et al. 2002
+
†Sinostega pani Zhu et al. 2002
G. †Spodichthys Jarvik 1985
+
†Spodichthys buetleri Jarvik 1985
Unr. Tetrapoda Jaekel 1911 [tetrapod]
+
Fm. †Acanthostegidae Jarvik 1952
+
G. †Acanthostega Jarvik 1952
Subor. †Aistopoda Miall 1875
+
Fm. †Lethiscidae Wellstead 1982
Fm. †Oestocephalidae Anderson 2003
Fm. †Ophiderpetontidae Schwarz 1908
Fm. †Phlegethontiidae Cope 1875
+
Invalid names: Dolichosomatidae Lydekker 1889 [synonym]
Fm. †Pseudophlegethontiidae Anderson 2003
Cl. Amphibia Linnaeus 1758
+
G. †Amphibiopodiscus Ellenberger 1970
G. †Amphisauropus Haubold 1970
G. †Anthracopus Leidy 1879
Or. †Anthracosauromorpha Ivakhnenko and Tverdokhlebova 1980
Subcl. †Apsidospondyli Romer 1947
G. †Batrachichnus Woodworth 1900
G. †Batrachopodiscus Ellenberger 1970
Unr. Campsichrotes Ritgen 1828
Subcl. Euamphibia Kuhn 1946
G. †Lehahichnus Ellenberger 1970
Unr. †Lepospondyli von Zittel 1887
G. †Limnopus Marsh 1894
+
Invalid names: Baropus Marsh 1894 [synonym], Thenaropus King 1845 [synonym]
G. †Matthewichnus Haubold 1970
G. †Palaeoherpeton Panchen 1970
+
Invalid names: Palaeogyrinus Watson 1926 [replaced]
G. †Quadropedia Aldrich and Jones 1930
G. †Ruecklinichnium Kuhn 1958
Or. †Temnospondyli von Zittel 1887
Subcl. Urodelomorpha Huene 1948
Invalid names: Phractamphibia Haeckel 1866 [empty], Sterrichrotes Ritgen 1828 [empty], Strepsichrotes Ritgen 1828 [empty]
G. †Antlerpeton Thomson et al. 1998
+
†Antlerpeton clarkii Thomson et al. 1998
G. †Aytonerpeton Clack et al. 2016
+
†Aytonerpeton microps Clack et al. 2016
Superfm. †Baphetoidea Cope 1875
+
Fm. †Baphetidae Cope 1875
+
Invalid names: Loxommatidae Watson 1917 [objective synonym]
G. †Eucritta Clack 1998
Fm. †Spathicephalidae Beaumont 1977
G. †Brittagnathus Ahlberg and Clack 2020
+
†Brittagnathus minutus Ahlberg and Clack 2020
+
G. †Caerorhachis Holmes and Carroll 1977
G. †Casineria Paton et al. 1999
+
†Casineria kiddi Paton et al. 1999
G. †Characichnos Whyte and Romano 2001
+
†Characichnos tridactylus Whyte and Romano 2001
Subor. †Chroniosuchia Tatarinov 1972
+
Fm. †Bystrowianidae Vjushkov 1957
Fm. †Chroniosuchidae Vjushkov 1957
G. †Laosuchus Arbez et al. 2019
G. †Collettosaurus Cox 1874
+
Invalid names: Notamphibia Butts 1891 [synonym]
Fm. †Colosteidae Cope 1875
+
G. †Colosteus Cope 1869
G. †Deltaherpeton Bolt and Lombard 2010
G. †Greererpeton Romer 1969
G. †Ichthyerpeton Huxley 1867
G. †Pholidogaster Huxley 1862
Invalid names: Pholidogasteridae Watson 1917 [objective synonym]
Fm. †Crassigyrinidae Huene 1948
+
G. †Crassigyrinus Watson 1926
G. †Crucipes Butts 1891
+
†Crucipes parva Butts 1891
G. †Diploradus Clack et al. 2016
+
†Diploradus austiumensis Clack et al. 2016
G. †Dipodiscus Ellenberger 1970
+
†Dipodiscus dubius Ellenberger 1970
†Dipodiscus insecctivorus Ellenberger 1970
†Dipodiscus pokanensis Ellenberger 1970
†Dipodiscus priscus Ellenberger 1970
†Dipodiscus saltator Ellenberger 1970
G. †Doragnathus Smithson 1980
+
†Doragnathus woodi Smithson 1980
G. †Eldeceeon Smithson 1993
+
†Eldeceeon rolfei Smithson 1993
Subor. †Embolomeri
+
Fm. †Anthracosauridae Cope 1875
Fm. †Archeriidae Kuhn 1965
Fm. †Eogyrinidae Watson 1929
Fm. †Proterogyrinidae Romer 1970
G. †Seroherpeton Chen and Liu 2020
Invalid names: Loxommatoidea Watson 1926 [empty]
G. †Erpetopus Moodie 1929
+
†Erpetopus willistoni Moodie 1929
+
Invalid names: Microsauropus acutipes Moodie 1929 [synonym], Microsauropus clarki Moodie 1929 [synonym], Microsauropus orthodactylus Moodie 1930 [synonym], Microsauropus parvus Moodie 1930 [synonym]
G. †Gaiasia Marsicano et al. 2024
+
†Gaiasia jennyae Marsicano et al. 2024
Cl. †Hemispondyla Jaekel 1909
+
Invalid names: Acanthostomi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Plagiosterni Jaekel 1911 [empty], Sclerocephali Jaekel 1911 [empty], Trematocephali Jaekel 1911 [empty]
G. †Kirktonecta Clack 2011
+
†Kirktonecta milnerae Clack 2011
G. †Koilops Clack et al. 2016
+
†Koilops herma Clack et al. 2016
G. †Laoporus Lull 1918
+
†Laoporus ambiguus Jardine 1853
†Laoporus coloradensis Henderson 1924
†Laoporus gravis Schmidt 1959
†Laoporus matheri Gilmore 1926
†Laoporus maximus Gilmore 1927
†Laoporus medius Gilmore 1927
†Laoporus merriami Gilmore 1926
†Laoporus metszeri Gilmore 1927
†Laoporus noblei Lull 1918
†Laoporus palmatus Gilmore 1926
†Laoporus schucherti Lull 1918
†Laoporus tridactylus Gilmore 1927
Invalid names: Agostopus Gilmore 1926 [synonym], Barypodus Gilmore 1926 [synonym], Palaeopus Gilmore 1926 [synonym]
G. †Lunaepes Demathieu and Gand 1995
+
†Lunaepes fragilis Demathieu and Gand 1995
†Lunaepes ollierorum Gand et al. 2000
G. †Merifontichnus Gand et al. 2000
+
†Merifontichnus thalerius Gand et al. 2000
G. †Mesanerpeton Smithson and Clack 2018
+
†Mesanerpeton woodi Smithson and Clack 2018
G. †Microsauropus Moodie 1929
G. †Ossirarus Clack et al. 2016
+
†Ossirarus kierani Clack et al. 2016
G. †Paleosauropus Lea 1849
G. †Parmastega Beznosov et al. 2019
+
†Parmastega aelidae Beznosov et al. 2019
G. †Perittodus Clack et al. 2016
+
†Perittodus apsconditus Clack et al. 2016
G. †Reniformichnus Krummeck and Bordy 2017
+
†Reniformichnus katikatii Krummeck and Bordy 2017
Unr. Reptiliomorpha Säve-Söderbergh 1934
+
Unr. Anthracosauria Säve-Söderbergh 1934
+
Invalid names: Anthracosaurida [synonym]
G. †Sigournea Bolt and Lombard 2006
+
†Sigournea multidentata Bolt and Lombard 2006
G. †Silvanerpeton Clack 1994
+
G. †Solenodonsaurus Broili 1924
+
G. †Tambachichnium Müller 1954
+
†Tambachichnium schmidti Müller 1954
G. †Tantallognathus Chen et al. 2018
+
†Tantallognathus woodi Chen et al. 2018
G. †Theriodesmus Seeley 1888
+
†Theriodesmus phylarchus Seeley 1888
G. †Typopus Hitchcock 1845
+
†Typopus abnormis Hitchcock 1844
†Typopus gracilis Hitchcock 1858
G. †Westlothiana Smithson and Rolfe 1990
+
†Westlothiana lizziae Smithson and Rolfe 1990
Fm. †Whatcheeriidae Clack 2002
+
G. †Occidens Clack and Ahlberg 2004
G. †Ossinodus Warren and Turner 2004
G. †Pederpes Clack 2002
G. †Whatcheeria Lombard and Bolt 1995
Invalid names: Austrobrachyops Colbert and Cosgriff 1974 [nomen dubium], Austrobrachyops jenseni Colbert and Cosgriff 1974 [nomen dubium], Janusichnus Ceoloni et al. 1988 [nomen dubium], Janusichnus bifrons Ceoloni et al. 1988 [nomen dubium], Limnosceloides Romer 1952 [nomen dubium], Limnosceloides brachycoles Langston 1966 [nomen dubium], Limnosceloides dunkardensis Romer 1952 [nomen dubium], Miosauria Jaekel 1911 [empty], Namuncurania malarguense Rusconi 1943 [nomen vanum], Nasopus grimmi Leonardi 1951 [nomen dubium], Nothosaurops occiduus Leidy 1870 [nomen vanum], Plesiosaurus vaccinsulensis Cope 1876 [nomen vanum], Polyptychodon mackesoni Owen 1884 [nomen vanum], Romeriscus Baird and Carroll 1967 [nomen dubium], Romeriscus periallus Baird and Carroll 1967 [nomen dubium], Saurichnium parallelum Gürich 1926 [nomen dubium], Solidopus Moodie 1930 [nomen dubium], Solidopus perissodactylus Moodie 1930 [nomen dubium], Tetrapodium Gürich 1926 [nomen dubium], Thecodontichnus Huene 1941 [nomen dubium], Wangwusaurus Young 1979 [nomen dubium], Wangwusaurus tayuensis Young 1979 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Tulerpetidae Lebedev and Coates 1995
+
G. †Tulerpeton Lebedeu 1984
+
†Tulerpeton curtum Lebedev 1984
G. †Tungsenia Lu et al. 2012
+
†Tungsenia paradoxa Lu et al. 2012
G. †Ventastega Ahlberg et al. 1994
+
†Ventastega curonica Ahlberg et al. 1994
Invalid names: Cricodus Agassiz 1843 [nomen dubium], Elginerpetidae Ahlberg 1995 [empty]
Invalid names: Osteolepidimorpha [empty], Rhizodontimorpha [empty]
G. †Guiyu Zhu et al. 2009
+
†Guiyu oneiros Zhu et al. 2009
G. †Ligulalepis Schultze 1968
+
†Ligulalepis toombsi Schultze 1968
†Ligulalepis yunnanensis Wang and Dong 1989
Infracl. †Onychodontida Andrews 1973
+
+
G. †Bukkanodus Johanson et al. 2007
+
†Bukkanodus jesseni Johanson et al. 2007
Fm. †Onychodontidae Woodward 1891
+
G. †Grossius Schultze 1973
+
†Grossius aragonensis Schultze 1973
G. †Luckeus Young and Schultze 2005
+
†Luckeus abudda Young and Schultze 2005
G. †Onychodus Newberry 1857
+
†Onychodus eriensis Mann et al. 2017
†Onychodus jandemarrai Andrews et al. 2006
†Onychodus ortoni Newberry 1889
†Onychodus sigmoides Newberry 1857
G. †Pycnacanthus Fischer von Waldheim 1852
G. †Qingmenodus Lu and Zhu 2010
+
†Qingmenodus yui Lu and Zhu 2010
Invalid names: Pycnacanthidae Lebedev 1995 [synonym]
G. †Strunius Jessen 1966
+
†Strunius rolandi Jessen 1966
†Strunius walteri Jessen 1966
Invalid names: Struniiformes [synonym]
Infracl. †Osteolepidida Boulenger 1901
+
Fm. †Osteolepididae Cope 1887
+
G. †Glyptopomus Agassiz 1844
+
†Glyptopomus elginensis Jarvik 1950
†Glyptopomus kinnairdi Huxley 1859
†Glyptopomus minor Agassiz 1844
†Glyptopomus sayrei Newberry 1878
G. †Muranjilepis Young and Schultze 2005
+
†Muranjilepis winterensis Young and Schultze 2005
Subfm. †Osteolepidinae Borgen and Nakrem 2016
+
G. †Geptolepis Vorobyeva and Lebedev 1986
+
†Geptolepis donensis Vorobyeva and Lebedev 1986
G. †Latvius Jarvik 1948
+
†Latvius deckerti Jessen 1966
†Latvius grewingki Gross 1933
†Latvius niger Jessen 1973
†Latvius obrutus Vorobyeva 1977
†Latvius porosus Greiner 1977
G. †Peregrina Vorobyeva and Lebedev 1986
+
†Peregrina krasnovi Vorobyeva and Lebedev 1986
G. †Osteolepis Valenciennes 1829
+
†Osteolepis arenatus Agassiz 1835
†Osteolepis macrolepidotus Agassiz 1835
†Osteolepis microlepidotus Agassiz 1835
†Osteolepis panderi Jarvik 1948
Invalid names: Glyptodipterini Huxley 1861 [synonym], Glyptopomidae Goodrich 1909 [synonym]
+
Subor. †Cyclolepidoidei Borgen and Nakrem 2016
+
Fm. †Canowindridae Young et al. 1992
+
G. †Beelarongia Long 1987
G. †Canowindra Thompson 1973
G. †Koharalepis Young et al. 1992
Superfm. †Eopodoidea Borgen and Nakrem 2016
+
Fm. †Chrysolepididae Borgen and Nakrem 2016
Fm. †Gyroptychiidae Berg 1958
Fm. †Medoeviidae Borgen and Nakrem 2016
+
G. †Medoevia Lebedev 1995
Fm. †Panderichthyidae Vorobyeva and Larskaja 1968
+
G. †Panderichthys Gross 1941
Invalid names: Elpistostegidae Romer 1945 [synonym], Elpistosteginae Borgen and Nakrem 2016 [invalid subgroup], Panderichthyinae Borgen and Nakrem 2016 [empty]
Fm. †Tristichopteridae Cope 1887
+
G. †Bruehnopteron Schultze and Reed 2012
G. †Eustenopteron Whiteaves 1881
G. †Eusthenodon Jarvik 1952
G. †Hyneria Thompson 1968
G. †Jarvikina Vorobyeva 1977
G. †Mandageria Johanson and Ahlberg 1997
G. †Notorhizodon Young et al. 1992
G. †Platycephalichthys Vorobyeva 1959
G. †Tristichopterus Egerton 1861
Invalid names: Eustenopteridae Young et al. 1992 [synonym], Mandageriinae Young et al. 2019 [invalid subgroup], Notorhizodontidae Davis 1994 [synonym], Platycephalichthyinae Vorobyeva 1975 [invalid subgroup]
Invalid names: Parapodoidea Borgen and Nakrem 2016 [empty], Rhizodontoidea Borgen and Nakrem 2016 [empty]
G. †Diplopterus Agassiz 1843
+
†Diplopterus agassizi Traill 1841
G. †Diploterax M'Coy 1855
G. †Glyptolaemus Huxley 1859
G. †Lamprotolepis Vorobyeva 1977
+
†Lamprotolepis verrucosa Vorobyeva 1977
Subor. †Osteolepidoidei Moy-Thomas and Miles 1971
+
Fm. †Thursiidae Borgen and Nakrem 2016
+
G. †Thursius Traquair 1888
Fm. †Pleiopteridae Fitzinger 1873
+
G. †Pleiopterus Agassiz 1843
Fm. †Rhizodopsidae Berg 1940
+
G. †Rhizodopsis Young 1866
+
†Rhizodopsis granulatus Salter 1861
†Rhizodopsis rankini Elliott 2023
†Rhizodopsis robusta Woodward 1891
†Rhizodopsis sauroides Williamson 1849
Invalid names: Orthognathus Barkas 1873 [synonym]
Subfm. †Thysanolepidinae Vorobyeva 1975
+
G. †Thysanolepis Vorobyeva 1977
+
†Thysanolepis micans Vorobyeva 1977
Subfm. †Viluichthyinae Vorobyeva 1977
+
G. †Viluichthys Vorobyeva 1977
+
†Viluichthys fradkini Vorobyeva 1977
Invalid names: Lamprotolepididae Vorobyeva 1977 [invalid subgroup]
Or. †Osteolepiformes Berg 1937
+
G. †Cryptolepis Vorobyeva 1975
+
†Cryptolepis grossi Vorobyeva 1975
G. †Litoptychus Denison 1951
+
†Litoptychus bryanti Denison 1951
G. †Lohsania Thomson and Vaughn 1968
+
†Lohsania utahensis Thomson and Vaughn 1968
G. †Mahalalepis Young et al. 1992
+
†Mahalalepis resima Young et al. 1992
Fm. †Megalichthyidae Hay 1902
+
G. †Askerichthys Borgen and Nakrem 2016
+
†Askerichthys heintzi Borgen and Nakrem 2016
G. †Cladarosymblema Fox et al. 1995
+
†Cladarosymblema narrienense Fox et al. 1995
G. †Coelosteus Newberry 1887
+
†Coelosteus ferox Newberry 1887
G. †Ectosteorhachis Cope 1880
+
Invalid names: Ectosteorhachis ciceronius Cope 1883 [nomen nudum]
G. †Sterropterygion Thomson 1972
+
†Sterropterygion brandei Thomson 1972
Invalid names: Askerichthyinae Borgen and Nakrem 2016 [invalid subgroup], Ectosteorhachidae Berg 1940 [synonym], Ectosteorhachinae Borgen and Nakrem 2016 [invalid subgroup], Megalichthyinae Borgen and Nakrem 2016 [empty], Parabatrachidae Berg 1955 [synonym]
G. †Megapomus
+
†Megapomus heckeri Vorobyeva 1977
†Megapomus markovskyi Vorobyeva 1977
†Megapomus punctatus Vorobyeva 1977
G. †Platyethmoidia Young et al. 1992
+
†Platyethmoidia antarctica Young et al. 1992
G. †Sengoerichthys Janvier et al. 2007
+
†Sengoerichthys ottoman Janvier et al. 2007
G. †Vorobjevaia Young et al. 1992
+
†Vorobjevaia dolonodon Young et al. 1992
G. †Psarolepis Yu 1998
+
†Psarolepis romeri Yu 1998
G. †Ptyctolepis Lu et al. 2017
+
†Ptyctolepis brachynotus Lu et al. 2017
Infracl. Rhipidistia Cope 1887
+
G. †Grenfellia Johanson and Ritchie 2000
+
†Grenfellia meemannae Johanson and Ritchie 2000
Invalid names: Osteolepidoidea [empty], Panderichthyida Vorobyeva 1989 [empty]
Infracl. †Rhizodontida Andrews and Westoll 1970
+
G. †Archichthys Hancock and Atthey 1870
+
†Archichthys portlockii Portlock 1843
+
Invalid names: Strepsodus sulcidens Hancock and Atthey 1870 [synonym]
G. †Barameda Long 1989
+
†Barameda decipiens Woodward 1906
†Barameda mitchelli Holland et al. 2007
G. †Letognathus Brazeau 2005
+
†Letognathus hardingi Dawson 1868
G. †Pycnoctenion Vorobyeva 1977
+
†Pycnoctenion sibiriacus Chabakov 1927
Fm. †Rhizodontidae Traquair 1881
+
G. †Gooloogongia Johanson and Ahlberg 1998
+
†Gooloogongia loomesi Johanson and Ahlberg 1998
G. †Rhizodus
+
†Rhizodus hibberti Agassiz 1843
+
Invalid names: Rhizodus anceps Newberry 1888 [synonym], Rhizodus angustus Newberry 1856 [synonym], Rhizodus ferox Morris 1843 [synonym], Rhizodus gracilis M'Coy 1848 [synonym], Rhizodus incurvus Newberry 1856 [synonym]
†Rhizodus reticulatus Newberry and Worthen 1870
†Rhizodus serpukhovensis Smirnova 2022
Invalid names: Characodus Morris and Roberts 1862 [synonym]
G. †Sauripteris Hall 1843
+
†Sauripteris anglicus Woodward 1891
†Sauripteris favosus Agassiz 1844
†Sauripteris taylori Hall 1843
G. †Screbinodus Andrews 1985
+
†Screbinodus ornatus Traquair 1836
G. †Strepsodus Huxley and Etheridge 1865
+
†Strepsodus sauroides Binney 1841
+
Invalid names: Strepsodus anculonamensis Andrews 1985 [synonym], Strepsodus minor Traquair 1890 [synonym], Strepsodus striatulus Traquair 1882 [synonym]
Invalid names: Strepsodus arenosus Hay 1900 [nomen dubium], Strepsodus brockbanki Davis 1891 [nomen dubium], Strepsodus dawsoni Hay 1900 [nomen dubium]
Or. †Rhizodontiformes Andrews and Westoll 1970
+
G. †Hongyu Zhu et al. 2017
+
†Hongyu chowi Zhu et al. 2017
Fm. †Sauripteridae Davis et al. 2004
+
G. †Aztecia Johanson and Ahlberg 2001
+
†Aztecia mahalae Johanson and Ahlberg 2001
Infracl. Tetrapoda Jaekel 1911 [tetrapod]
+
G. †Bipedopus Haubold 1971
+
†Bipedopus coloradensis Haubold 1971
G. †Cryptobranchichnus Huene 1941
+
G. †Delairichnus Haubold 1971
+
†Delairichnus annanensis Haubold 1971
G. †Nothosauripus Kuhn 1958
+
†Nothosauripus huenei Kuhn 1958
G. †Semibipedopus Haubold 1971
+
†Semibipedopus meekerensis Haubold 1971
Invalid names: Actinistia Cope 1870 [empty], Akinetia Gardiner 1984 [empty], Crossopterygii Huxley 1861 [replaced], Lepidosireniformes Savage 1951 [empty], Onychodontia Jaekel 1911 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Maximum body mass: 100000 kgg
Minimum body mass: 3 gg
Environment: marinesubp
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: planktonicp
Diet: suspension feederp
Created: 2009-07-20 21:50:54
Modified: 2009-07-20 23:50:54
Source: g = genus, c = class, subp = subphylum, p = phylum
References: Kiessling 2004, Bambach et al. 2007, Carroll 1988, Hendy et al. 2009, Holman 2000, Hopson 1973, Peczkis 1995, Legendre 1988

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Katian to the top of the Greenlandian or 452.80000 to 0.00820 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 445.2 Ma

Collections (46144 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Katian452.8 - 445.2China Ptychoceratodus donensis (211602)
Aeronian440.5 - 438.6Norway Pentlandia sp. (13845)
Sheinwoodian432.9 - 430.6USA (Wisconsin) Pentlandia glypta (13069)
Wenlock - Silurian432.9 - 419.62USA (Wisconsin) Pentlandia glypta (13040)
Ludlow426.7 - 422.7China (Yunnan) Guiyu oneiros (27771) Ligulalepis yunnanensis (27796)
Ludfordian425.0 - 422.7China (Junnan) Ligulalepis yunnanensis (182558)
Pridoli422.7 - 419.62China (Junnan) Psarolepis sp. (182559)
Lochkovian419.62 - 413.02USA (Wyoming) Uranolophus wyomingensis (153534)
Lochkovian419.62 - 413.02China (Yunnan) Youngolepis sp., Achoania jarvikii, Diabolepis speratus, Psarolepis romeri, Styloichthys changae, Youngolepis praecursor (162781)
Lochkovian - Pragian419.62 - 410.62Canada (Nunavut) Powichthys thorsteinssoni (238753)
Early/Lower Devonian419.62 - 393.47USA (Nevada) Onychodus sp. (216485 216493)
Early/Lower Devonian419.62 - 393.47USA (Wyoming) Uranolophus wyomingense (26179)
Early/Lower Devonian419.62 - 393.47Germany Crossopterygii indet. (239016)
Early/Lower Devonian419.62 - 393.47Belarus (Vitebsk) Porolepis sp., Onychodontidae indet. (232499)
Devonian419.62 - 358.86Australia (Northern Territory) Harajicadipterus youngi, Harajicadectes zhumini (136238)
Devonian419.62 - 358.86Australia (New South Wales) Chirodipterus potteri (136235 136236)
Devonian419.62 - 358.86USA (Pennsylvania) Sauripterus taylori (136079)
Devonian419.62 - 358.86Australia (Victoria) Bukkanodus jesseni, Eoactinistia foreyi (136138)
Devonian419.62 - 358.86Russian Federation (Siberia) Ichnomylax karatajae (135992)
Late/Upper Lochkovian414.6 - 413.02Vietnam Youngolepis praecursor (239311)