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Valvatida

Asteroidea - Valvatida

Synonyms
Synonymy list
YearName and author
1884Valvata Perrier p. 154
1884Valvatida Perrier p. 154
1966Valvatida Spencer and Wright p. U48
1987Valvatida Gale p. 123
1989Valvatida Blake p. 213
1999Valvatida Eagle p. 551
2002Valvatida Sepkoski
2008Valvatida Breton and Néraudeau p. 323
2010Valvatida Blake p. 184
2012Valvatida Mah and Blake p. 3
2017Valvatida Blake et al. p. 325
2018Valvatida Blake p. 56
2020Valvatida Ewin and Gale p. 937

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
—Ambulacraria
phylumEchinodermata
subphylumEleutherozoa
RankNameAuthor
—Asterozoa()
classAsteroidea
subclassAmbuloasteroidea
infraclassNeoasteroidea()
superorderValvatacea
orderValvatida
orderValvatida

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Or. Valvatida Perrier 1884
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Fm. Acanthasteridae Sladen 1889
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G. Acanthaster Gervais 1841
Fm. Archasteridae Viguier 1878
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G. Archaster Müller and Troschel 1840
G. †Asteriaceros Valette 1932
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†Asteriaceros papulosus de Loriol 1868
†Asteriaceros stelliferus Goldfuss 1833
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Invalid names: Asterias pustulata Quenstedt 1858 [synonym]
Fm. Asterinidae Gray 1840
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G. †Chaetasterina Hess 1970
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Invalid names: Asterininae Gray 1840 [empty]
Fm. Asterodiscididae Rowe 1977
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G. †Kionaster Blake and Portell 2011
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†Kionaster petersonae Blake and Portell 2011
Fm. Chaetasteridae Sladen 1889
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G. †Arthraster Forbes 1848
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†Arthraster cristatus Spencer 1907
†Arthraster dixoni Forbes 1848
†Arthraster spenceri Mercier 1935
G. †Geinitzaster Zitt 2005
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†Geinitzaster decoratus Geinitz 1871
Fm. Goniasteridae Forbes 1841
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G. †Bugarachaster Breton 1992
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†Bugarachaster depressus Breton 1992
G. †Buterminaster Blake and Zinsmeister 1988
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†Buterminaster elegans Blake and Zinsmeister 1988
G. †Caletaster Breton 1978
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†Caletaster barremicus Villier 2010
†Caletaster decombei Breton 1992
†Caletaster girardi Breton 1978
†Caletaster romani Breton 1988
G. Calliaster Gray 1840
G. Calliderma Gray 1847
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Subg. †Calliderma (Mastaster) Wright and Wright 1940
†Calliderma atagensis Valette 1925
†Calliderma juigneti Breton 1988
†Calliderma moreaui Néraudeau and Breton 1993
†Calliderma smithiae Forbes 1848
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Invalid names: Calliderma latum Forbes 1848 [synonym], Goniaster (Astrogonium) mosaicus Forbes 1848 [synonym]
†Calliderma viaudi Breton 1988
G. †Capellia Blake and Reid 1998
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†Capellia mauricei Blake and Reid 1998
G. †Cenomanaster Wright 1951
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†Cenomanaster cenomanensis Guéranger 1853
Invalid names: Jacobella Mercier 1935 [replaced]
G. Ceramaster Verrill 1899
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†Ceramaster brandenensis Rasmussen 1951
†Ceramaster chantrei de Loriol 1895
†Ceramaster obtusus Rasmussen 1972
†Ceramaster polonicus Nosowska 1997
†Ceramaster rabii von Linstow 1909
Invalid names: Petalastrum de Gregorio 1895 [synonym]
G. †Chomataster Spencer 1913
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†Chomataster acules Spencer 1913
†Chomataster breizh Jagt et al. 2021
†Chomataster tethysiensis Villier 2001
G. Cladaster Verrill 1899
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†Cladaster carrioni Medina and Del Valle 1983
G. †Codellaster Blake and Kues 2002
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†Codellaster keepersae Blake and Kues 2002
G. †Comptonia Gray 1840
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†Comptonia bretoni Gale 2020
†Comptonia bruni Breton 1992
†Comptonia elegans Gray 1840
†Comptonia soullansensis Breton 1992
†Comptonia stelcki McLearn 1944
†Comptonia thierryi Breton 1992
†Comptonia wightensis Breton 1992
G. †Comptoniaster Breton 1983
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†Comptoniaster adamsi Blake 2010
†Comptoniaster basseti de Loriol 1887
†Comptoniaster berthandi Wright 1880
†Comptoniaster comptoni Forbes 1848
†Comptoniaster destombesi Breton 1988
†Comptoniaster fourtaui de Loriol 1909
†Comptoniaster godeti Breton 1992
†Comptoniaster jangouxi Breton 1992
†Comptoniaster meyeri Breton et al. 1994
†Comptoniaster michaelisi Niebuhr and Seibertz 2018
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Invalid names: Asterias schulzii Roemer 1841 [replaced]
†Comptoniaster schlumbergeri de Loriol 1889
†Comptoniaster sharpii Wright 1880
†Comptoniaster spongiarum Breton 1992
†Comptoniaster vrinensis Villier et al. 2004
†Comptoniaster weitschati Breton 1988
G. †Cottreauaster Wright 1951
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†Cottreauaster lamarei Cottreau 1929
Invalid names: Spenceraster Cottreau 1929 [replaced]
G. †Crateraster Spencer 1913
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†Crateraster debrisi Breton 1992
†Crateraster dubusi Breton 1992
†Crateraster favosus Spencer 1913
†Crateraster fourayae Breton 1992
†Crateraster grignonensis Valette 1925
†Crateraster lamberti Valette 1925
†Crateraster multiplacus Schulz and Weitschat 1981
†Crateraster poritoides Desmoulins 1832
†Crateraster quinqueloba Goldfuss 1833
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Invalid names: Pentagonaster megalomax Sladen 1891 [synonym]
†Crateraster reticulatus Schulz and Weitschat 1981
†Crateraster rotundus Schulz and Weitschat 1981
†Crateraster texensis Adkins and Winton 1920
Invalid names: Austinaster Adkins 1928 [synonym]
G. †Cymbaster Breton and Néraudeau 2008
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†Cymbaster dolmeni Breton 1992
G. †Fayoumaster Roman and Strougo 1987
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†Fayoumaster desmoulinsi d'Archiac 1850
†Fayoumaster lamberti Valette 1932
†Fayoumaster pharaonum Roman and Strougo 1987
G. †Fomalhautia Blake and Reid 1998
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†Fomalhautia hortensae Adkins and Winton 1920
G. †Forbesiaster de Loriol 1909
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†Forbesiaster wrighti de Loriol 1909
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Invalid names: Pachyaster aegypticus de Loriol 1909 [synonym]
G. †Fredaster Breton and Néraudeau 2008
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†Fredaster guyaderi Breton 1992
G. †Galbaster Villier et al. 2004
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†Galbaster recurrans Villier et al. 2004
Subfm. Goniasterinae Forbes 1841
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G. Goniaster Agassiz 1836
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Subg. Goniaster (Stellaster) Gray 1840
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†Stellaster ottoi Geinitz 1871
†Stellaster tuberculifer Dreschner 1863
†Goniaster marginatus Forbes 1848
†Goniaster scrobiculatus Heller 1858
†Goniaster stokesii Forbes 1848
G. Pentagonaster Gray 1840
+
†Pentagonaster browni Weller 1905
†Pentagonaster muelleri Heller 1858
Invalid names: Astrogonium Müller and Troschel 1842 [synonym]
G. †Recurvaster Brünnich-Nielsen 1943
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†Recurvaster blackmorei Rasmussen 1950
†Recurvaster lorioli Jux 1957
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Invalid names: Recurvaster communis Brünnich-Nielsen 1943 [synonym]
†Recurvaster migrans Breton and Vizcaïno 1997
†Recurvaster radiatus Spencer 1913
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Invalid names: Recurvaster echinatus Brünnich-Nielsen 1943 [synonym], Recurvaster gibber Schulz and Weitschat 1971 [synonym], Recurvaster stevensensis Brünnich-Nielsen 1943 [synonym]
†Recurvaster spiniger Jagt 2000
G. Sphaeriodiscus Fisher 1910
G. †Haccourtaster Jagt 2000
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†Haccourtaster hrbac Zitt 2005
G. †Hessaster Gale 2011
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G. Hippasteria Gray 1840
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†Hippasteria antiqua Fell 1956
†Hippasteria tuberculata Forbes 1852
G. †Huroeaster Valette 1915
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†Huroeaster moulinsii d'Orbigny 1850
†Huroeaster stellatus Valette 1915
G. †Leptogonium Pomel 1885
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G. †Marocaster Blake and Reboul 2011
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†Marocaster coronatus Blake and Reboul 2011
G. †Mastaster Mercier 1935
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†Mastaster villersensis Mercier 1935
G. Mediaster Stimpson 1857
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†Mediaster hayi Blake 1986
G. †Metopaster Sladen 1893
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†Metopaster alexiae Jagt 2000
†Metopaster andreae Gale 1987
†Metopaster angulatus Brünnich-Nielsen 1943
†Metopaster bezanconi Valette 1925
†Metopaster bignoti Breton 1992
†Metopaster bromleyi Gale 1987
†Metopaster calcar Spencer 1913
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Invalid names: Metopaster cristagalli Spencer 1913 [synonym]
†Metopaster carinatus Brünnich-Nielsen 1943
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Invalid names: Ravniaster planus Brünnich-Nielsen 1943 [synonym]
†Metopaster chilipora Desmoulins 1832
†Metopaster continuus Jagt 2000
†Metopaster dividuus Rasmussen 1945
†Metopaster duvergieri Valette 1925
†Metopaster elegans Gale 1987
†Metopaster elevatus Brünnich-Nielsen 1943
†Metopaster elongatus Breton and Néraudeau 2008
†Metopaster hunteri Forbes 1848
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Invalid names: Goniaster (Goniodiscus) sublunatus Forbes 1848 [synonym]
†Metopaster hypertelicus Breton 1992
†Metopaster icenicus Wright and Wright 1940
†Metopaster kagstrupensis Brünnich-Nielsen 1943
†Metopaster laevis Brünnich-Nielsen 1943
†Metopaster lisanae Jagt 2000
†Metopaster loirensis Gale 1987
†Metopaster maculatus Brünnich-Nielsen 1943
†Metopaster medius Breton and Néraudeau 2008
†Metopaster meudonensis Cottreau 1937
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Invalid names: Pentetagonaster costata d'Orbigny 1850 [synonym]
†Metopaster miloni Mercier 1935
†Metopaster parkinsoni Forbes 1848
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Invalid names: Goniaster (Goniodiscus) bowerbankii Forbes 1848 [synonym], Goniaster (Goniodiscus) mantelli Forbes 1848 [synonym], Goniaster (Goniodiscus) rectilineus Forbes 1850 [synonym], Metopaster zonatus Sladen 1893 [synonym]
†Metopaster polyplacus Schulz and Weitschat 1971
†Metopaster poulsenii Brünnich-Nielsen 1943
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Invalid names: Metopaster stevensensis Brünnich-Nielsen 1943 [synonym], Ravniaster simplex Brünnich-Nielsen 1943 [synonym], Ravniaster virgineus Brünnich-Nielsen 1943 [synonym]
†Metopaster praetumidus Schulz and Weitschat 1975
†Metopaster rugissimus Gale 1987
†Metopaster schulzi Breton 1992
†Metopaster spencerii Brünnich-Nielsen 1943
†Metopaster stratifera Desmoulins 1832
†Metopaster tamarae Gale 1987
†Metopaster teilhardi de Loriol 1909
†Metopaster tercensis Villier 2001
†Metopaster thoracifer Geinitz 1871
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Invalid names: Metopaster cornutus Sladen 1893 [synonym], Stellaster plauensis Geinitz 1871 [synonym]
†Metopaster trichilae Breton 1992
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†Metopaster tumidus Spencer 1913
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Invalid names: Metopaster virgeneus Brünnich-Nielsen 1943 [synonym]
†Metopaster uncatus Forbes 1848
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Invalid names: Goniaster (Goniodiscus) rugatus Forbes 1848 [synonym], Metopaster cingulatus Sladen 1893 [synonym], Metopaster quadratus Spencer 1907 [synonym]
Invalid names: Dictydaster Mercier 1935 [synonym], Mitraster Sladen 1893 [synonym], Mitraster hunterii laevis Brünnich-Nielsen 1943 [invalid subgroup], Ravniaster Brünnich-Nielsen 1943 [synonym], Spenceria Fourtau 1914 [synonym]
G. †Miopentagonaster Mercier 1935
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G. †Nehalemia Blake 1973
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†Nehalemia delicata Blake 1973
G. †Noviaster Valette 1929
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†Noviaster hostettleri Hess 1991
†Noviaster lissajousi Valette 1929
†Noviaster polyplax Hess 1972
G. Nymphaster Sladen 1889
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†Nymphaster albensis Geinitz 1872
†Nymphaster alseni Schulz and Weitschat 1971
†Nymphaster coombii Forbes 1848
†Nymphaster dutempleanus d'Orbigny 1850
†Nymphaster fontis Breton and Vizcaïno 1997
†Nymphaster humilis Schulz and Weitschat 1975
†Nymphaster magistrorum Breton 1988
†Nymphaster marginatus Sladen 1891
†Nymphaster miocenicus Valette 1926
†Nymphaster mudzborgh Jagt et al. 2021
†Nymphaster obtusus Forbes 1848
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Invalid names: Pentaceros dilatatus Meunier 1906 [synonym]
†Nymphaster ornatus Schulz and Weitschat 1975
†Nymphaster peakei Gale 1987
†Nymphaster rectus Schulz and Weitschat 1975
†Nymphaster spenceri Rasmussen 1950
†Nymphaster studlandensis Schulz and Weitschat 1975
†Nymphaster wrighti Rasmussen 1950
G. †Ocalaster Blake and Portell 2009
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†Ocalaster seloyi Blake and Portell 2009
†Ocalaster timucum Blake and Portell 2009
G. Ogmaster Martens 1865
G. †Ophryaster Spencer 1913
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†Ophryaster argencienis Mercier 1935
†Ophryaster bretoni Calzada and Gomez Pallerola 1993
†Ophryaster dorsolevis Schulz and Weitschat 1981
†Ophryaster maastrichtensis Umbgrove 1925
†Ophryaster magnus Spencer 1913
†Ophryaster oligoplax Sladen 1891
†Ophryaster saucatsensis Valette 1925
G. †Oyenaster Blake and Portell 2009
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†Oyenaster oblidus Blake and Portell 2009
G. †Pachyaster de Loriol 1909
G. Paragonaster Sladen 1889
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†Paragonaster clarkae Blake and Aronson 1998
†Paragonaster haldixoni Jagt et al. 2014
G. †Parametopaster Breton 1992
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†Parametopaster altus Schulz and Weitschat 1975
†Parametopaster fournieri Breton 1992
†Parametopaster stainforthi Wright and Wright 1940
†Parametopaster undulatus Spencer 1913
†Parametopaster villieri Breton and Néraudeau 2008
G. †Peedeeaster Mah 2022
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G. Peltaster Verrill 1899
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†Peltaster placenta Müller and Troschel 1842
G. †Pulcinellaster Breton 1992
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†Pulcinellaster boulei Mercier 1935
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Invalid names: Pycinaster bradfordiensis Mercier 1935 [synonym]
†Pulcinellaster gibber Breton 1992
†Pulcinellaster lukowensis Villier 2008
G. †Spenceraster Lambert 1914
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†Spenceraster rugosus Spencer 1907
Invalid names: Trachyaster Spencer 1913 [replaced]
G. †Talecaster Breton 1992
+
†Talecaster neraudeaui Breton 1992
G. †Teichaster Spencer 1913
+
†Teichaster anchylus Brünnich-Nielsen 1943
G. Tesselaster Clark 1941
+
†Tesselaster clarki Blake and Aronson 1998
G. †Tomidaster Sladen 1891
+
†Tomidaster sulcatus Sladen 1891
G. Tosia Gray 1840
G. †Tylasteria Valette 1929
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†Tylasteria aalensis Mercier 1935
†Tylasteria jurensis Goldfuss 1833
†Tylasteria luciensis Mercier 1935
†Tylasteria prisca Valette 1928
Invalid names: Tylaster Spencer 1913 [replaced]
G. †Weitschataster Neumann and Girod 2018
+
†Weitschataster decipiens Spencer 1913
†Weitschataster intermedius Neumann and Girod 2018
Invalid names: Hippasteriinae Verrill 1899 [empty], Pentetagonaster d'Orbigny 1850 [nomen dubium]
Subor. Granulosina Perrier 1894
+
Fm. Radiasteridae Fisher 1916
+
G. †Indiaster Rao 1957
+
†Indiaster krishna Rao 1957
G. Radiaster Perrier 1881
G. †Leptaster de Loriol 1880
+
†Leptaster martinii de Loriol 1880
Fm. Odontasteridae Verrill 1899
+
G. Odontaster Verrill 1880
+
†Odontaster priscus Fell 1954
†Odontaster tabaensis Ewin and Gale 2020
Fm. Ophidiasteridae Verrill 1870
+
G. †Altairia Blake and Reid 1998
+
†Altairia wintoni Adkins 1920
G. Certonardoa Clark 1921
G. †Chariaster de Loriol 1909
+
†Chariaster elegans de Loriol 1909
G. †Denebia Blake and Reid 1998
+
†Denebia americana Adkins 1920
G. Linckia Nardo 1834
G. Nardoa Gray 1840
G. Ophidiaster Agassiz 1836
G. †Sladenia de Loriol 1909
+
†Sladenia fourtaui de Loriol 1904
Fm. Oreasteridae Fisher 1911
+
G. Anthenea Gray 1840
G. Culcita Presl 1836
+
Invalid names: Goniodiscus Müller and Troschel 1842 [synonym]
G. Goniodiscaster Clark 1909
G. Oreaster Müller and Troschel 1842
+
†Oreaster squamosus Forbes 1848
Invalid names: Pentaceros Gray 1840 [synonym]
Fm. Poraniidae Perrier 1893
+
G. †Noriaster Blake et al. 2000
+
†Noriaster barberoi Blake et al. 2000
G. Sphaeriaster Dons 1939
+
Fm. †Pycinasteridae Spencer and Wright 1966
+
G. †Phocidaster Spencer 1913
+
†Phocidaster grandis Spencer 1913
G. †Pycinaster Spencer 1907
+
†Pycinaster angustatus Forbes 1848
+
Invalid names: Pentagonaster robustus Spencer 1905 [synonym]
†Pycinaster corbaricus Breton and Vizcaïno 1997
†Pycinaster cornutus Rasmussen 1945
†Pycinaster crassus Spencer 1907
†Pycinaster danicus Brünnich-Nielsen 1943
†Pycinaster humilis Spencer 1913
†Pycinaster magnificus Spencer 1913
+
Invalid names: Pentetagonaster dutemplei d'Orbigny 1850 [synonym]
†Pycinaster mortenseni Mercier 1935
†Pycinaster rasmusseni Müller 1953
†Pycinaster rosenkrantzii Brünnich-Nielsen 1943
Fm. †Sphaerasteridae Schöndorf 1906
+
G. †Bulbosphaeraster Gale 2021
+
G. †Echinosphaeraster Gale 2021
+
†Echinosphaeraster scutatus Goldfuss 1833
G. †Eosphaeraster Gale 2021
+
G. †Pouzaster Gale 2021
+
†Pouzaster pocknotata Gale 2021
G. †Rugosphaeraster Gale 2021
+
G. †Sphaeraster Quenstedt 1876
+
†Sphaeraster tabulatus Goldfuss 1833
+
Invalid names: Asterias annulosa Quenstedt 1876 [synonym], Sphaeraster punctatus Quenstedt 1852 [synonym], Sphaerites juvenis Quenstedt 1852 [synonym]
Invalid names: Sphaerites Quenstedt 1852 [replaced]
G. †Testudinaster Hess 1983
+
G. †Valettaster Lambert 1914
+
†Valettaster argus Spencer 1907
†Valettaster dangeardi Mercier 1935
†Valettaster digitatus Quenstedt 1858
†Valettaster granulatus Brünnich-Nielsen 1943
†Valettaster ocellatus Forbes 1848
†Valettaster planus Loba and Radwańska 2022
†Valettaster stipes Villier 2010
†Valettaster thuyi Gale 2021
Invalid names: Tholaster Spencer 1913 [replaced]
Fm. †Stauranderasteridae Spencer 1913
+
G. †Aspidaster de Loriol 1884
+
†Aspidaster delgadoi de Loriol 1884
G. †Hadranderaster Spencer 1907
+
†Hadranderaster asperulus Weller 1907
†Hadranderaster simplex Geinitz 1871
+
Invalid names: Oreaster perforatus Geinitz 1871 [synonym], Pentaceros abbreviatus Spencer 1905 [synonym]
G. †Lithaster Hess 1977
+
†Lithaster jurassicus von Zittel 1876
†Lithaster pustuliferus Fraas 1886
G. †Manfredaster Villier et al. 2004
+
†Manfredaster bulbiferus Forbes 1848
†Manfredaster cariniferus Villier et al. 2004
†Manfredaster concinnus Breton 1978
†Manfredaster gibbosus Spencer 1913
†Manfredaster senonensis Valette 1902
G. †Poncetaster Villier et al. 2004
+
†Poncetaster crateri Villier et al. 2004
G. †Stauranderaster Spencer 1907
+
†Stauranderaster boysii Forbes 1848
†Stauranderaster dorecki Schulz and Weitschat 1971
†Stauranderaster laevis Desmoulins 1832
†Stauranderaster miliaris Brünnich-Nielsen 1943
†Stauranderaster mixtus Brünnich-Nielsen 1943
†Stauranderaster sanchezi Sanchez Roig 1926
†Stauranderaster serrata Rasmussen 1966
†Stauranderaster speculum Brünnich-Nielsen 1943
G. †Stauraster Valette 1928
+
†Stauraster primaevus Zittel 1876
+
Invalid names: Stauraster billodense Valette 1928 [synonym]
Invalid names: Asteropseidae Hotchkiss and Clark 1976 [empty], Ganeriidae Sladen 1889 [empty], Goniasteroidea Blake 1987 [empty], Mithrodiidae Viguier 1878 [empty], Tumulosina Spencer and Wright 1966 [empty], Valvata Perrier 1884 [replaced]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available