| Basic info | Taxonomic history | Classification | Included Taxa |
| Morphology | Ecology and taphonomy | External Literature Search | Age range and collections |
Deuterostomia
Taxonomy
Deuterostomia was named by Grobben (1908). It is extant.
It was assigned to Eucoelomata by Zrzavy et al. (1998); to Nephrozoa by Peterson et al. (2005) and Edgecombe et al. (2011); and to Eubilateria by Nielsen (2012).
It was assigned to Eucoelomata by Zrzavy et al. (1998); to Nephrozoa by Peterson et al. (2005) and Edgecombe et al. (2011); and to Eubilateria by Nielsen (2012).
Subtaxa
Synonyms
|
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1908 | Deuterostomia Grobben p. 497 |
| 1998 | Deuterostomia Zrzavy et al. |
| 2005 | Deuterostomia Peterson et al. p. 38 |
| 2011 | Deuterostomia Edgecombe et al. p. 153 figs. Fig. 1 |
| 2012 | Deuterostomia Nielsen p. 311 |
Is something missing? Join the Paleobiology Database and enter the data
|
|
If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Unr. Deuterostomia Grobben 1908
show all | hide all
Unr. †Ambulacraria
hide
Unr. †Cambroernids Caron et al. 2010
+
Fm. †Eldoniidae Walcott 1911
+
G. †Eldonia Walcott 1911
+
†Eldonia berbera Alessandrello and Bracchi 2003
†Eldonia ludwigi Walcott 1911
Invalid names: Stellostomites Sun and Hou 1987 [synonym]
G. †Rotadiscus Sun and Hou 1987
+
†Rotadiscus grandis Sun and Hou 1987
†Rotadiscus guizhouensis Zhao and Zhu 1994
Invalid names: Brzechowia Dzik 1991 [synonym]
Ph. Echinodermata Klein 1754
+
Subph. †Blastozoa Sprinkle 1973
+
Superfm. †Asteroblastida Bather 1900
+
Fm. †Asteroblastidae Bather 1900
Fm. †Mesocystidae Bather 1899
Cl. †Blastoidea Say 1825 [blastoid]
+
Unr. †Coronoidea Brett et al. 1983
G. †Dissimiloblastus Bohatý et al. 2024
Or. †Fissiculata Jaekel 1918
G. †Freisoblastus Bohatý et al. 2024
Or. †Granatocrinida Bather 1900
G. †Lotusoblastus Bohatý et al. 2024
G. †Lysocystites
G. †Macurdablastus Broadhead 1984
Superor. †Spiraculata Jaekel 1918
G. †Zygocrinus Bronn 1848
Invalid names: Eublastoidea Bather 1899 [empty]
Cl. Crinoidea Miller 1821 [Sea lily]
+
Subcl. †Aethocrinea Ausich 1998
Or. †Angulata Stukalina 1967
Fm. †Asperocrinidae Stukalina 1975
G. †Aspidocrinus Hall 1858
G. †Balearocrinus Bourrouilh and Termier 1974
G. †Baryschyr Moore and Jeffords 1968
G. †Bornium de Gregorio 1930
Subcl. †Camerata Wachsmuth and Springer 1885
G. †Communicrinus
G. †Crisantum de Gregorio 1930
G. †Cyclocaudex Moore and Jeffords 1968
Fm. †Cyclocharacidae Moore and Jeffords 1968
G. †Cyclocrista Moore and Jeffords 1968
G. †Cyclocyclicus Yeltysheva 1955
G. †Cycloscapus Moore and Jeffords 1968
G. †Dazhucrinus Mu and Wu 1974
Subcl. †Dicyclica
G. †Dronovicrinus Stukalina 1997
G. †Dulanocrinus Stukalina and Tuyutyan 1970
G. †Dwortsowaecrinus Stukalina 1967
G. †Entrochus Hofer 1760
Fm. †Exaesiodiscidae Moore and Jeffords 1968
G. †Flexicrinus Stukalina and Tuyutyan 1970
Fm. †Floricyclidae Moore and Jeffords 1968
G. †Floripila Moore and Jeffords 1968
Fm. †Flucticharacidae Moore and Jeffords 1968
G. †Flucticharax Moore and Jeffords 1968
G. †Gemmacrinus Prokop and Petr 1989
G. †Glyphidocrinus Dubatolova 1971
Subcl. †Hemistreptocrinoidea Arendt 1976
G. †Heterostelechus Moore and Jeffords 1968
G. †Kojvicrinus Vanin 1980
Fm. †Kstutocrinidae Schewtschenko 1966
G. †Lamprosterigma Moore and Jeffords 1968
Fm. †Leptocarphiidae Moore and Jeffords 1968
G. †Lichenocrinus Hall 1866
G. †Malovicrinus Stukalina 1968
G. †Mastocrinus Wanner 1956
G. †Mooreanteris Moore 1968
G. †Moscovicrinus Jaekel 1918
G. †Multifidocrinus
G. †Nollenbachblastus Hauser 2015
G. †Ordinacrinus
G. †Pandocrinus Stukalina 1965
Subcl. Pentacrinoidea Jaekel 1918
G. †Pentagonocyclicus Yeltysheva and Shevchenko 1960
G. †Pentagonopterix
G. †Pentaridica Moore and Jeffords 1968
G. †Phialocrinus Eichwald 1856
G. †Pinegicrinus Vanin 1980
G. †Preptopremnum Moore and Jeffords 1968
Unr. †Protocrinoidea Guensburg and Sprinkle 2003
Fm. †Salairocrinidae Dubatolova 1971
G. †Salairocrinus Dubatolova 1971
Fm. †Schyschcatocrinidae Dubatolova 1971
Fm. †Stenocrinidae Dubatolova 1971
Fm. †Tantalocrinidae Le Menn 1985
Fm. †Taranshicrinidae Sisova 1988
G. †Tatjanicrinus
G. †Tetragonocyclicus Dubatolova 1964
G. †Tetralobocrinus Dubatolova 1971
G. †Torrocrinus
G. †Webericrinus
G. †Zeravschanocrinus Schewtschenko 1966
Invalid names: Acariaeocrinus Biese 1935 [nomen dubium], Carpenterocrinus Clark 1908 [nomen dubium], Cyclomischidae Moore and Jeffords 1968 [empty], Dentiferocrinidae Stukalina 1977 [empty], Echmatocrinida [empty], Entrochus rotiformis Koken 1900 [nomen dubium], Gasterometra Gislen 1925 [invalid subgroup], Picteticrinus Etallon 1857 [nomen nudum], Protocrinoidea Guensburg and Sprinkle 2003 [empty], Waikaripites Eagle 2005 [nomen nudum]
Cl. †Diploporita Müller 1854
+
G. †Batalleria
G. †Brightonicystis
G. †Destombesia
Fm. †Parasphaeronitiidae Bockelie 1984
G. †Pemphocystis
G. †Proteocystites Barrande 1887
Invalid names: Aristocystitoida Neumayr 1889 [empty], Glyptosphaeritidacea Bernard 1895 [empty], Seriolata Jaekel 1918 [empty]
Cl. †Eocrinoidea Jaekel 1918
+
G. †Acanthocystites Barrande 1887
Or. †Ascocystitida
Fm. †Ascocystitidae Ubaghs 1967
G. †Balangicystis Parsley and Zhao 2006
G. †Balantiocystis Chauvel 1966
G. †Cardiocystites Barrande 1887
G. †Cigara
Fm. †Cryptocrinitidae Bassler 1938
G. †Cymbionites Whitehouse 1941
Or. †Gogiida Broadhead 1982
G. †Haimacystis Sumrall et al. 2011
G. †Hexedriocystis Sumrall and Zamora 2011
G. †Lapillocystites
Fm. †Lichenoididae Jaekel 1918
Fm. †Lingulocystidae Ubaghs 1960
G. †Llanocystis Zamora et al. 2015
G. †Luhocrinus Prokop and Fatka 1985
G. †Marjumicystis Ubaghs and Robison 1988
Fm. †Palaeocystitidae Ubaghs 1967
G. †Paracryptocrinites Rozhnov and Federov 2001
G. †Peridionites Whitehouse 1941
G. †Pilocystites
G. †Polyptychella
Fm. †Rhipidocystidae Jaekel 1901
Fm. †Ridersiidae Jell et al. 1985
Or. †Trachelocrinida Sumrall 1997
G. †Ubaghsicystis Gil Cid and Domínguez 2002
Invalid names: Imbricata Sprinkle 1973 [empty]
Or. †Glyptosphaeritida Bernard 1895
+
Fm. †Dactylocystidae Jaekel 1899
Fm. †Eumorphocystidae Branson and Peck 1940
Fm. †Glyptosphaeritidae Bernard 1895
Fm. †Gomphocystitidae Bassler 1938
Fm. †Protocrinitidae Bather 1899
Cl. †Lepidocystoidea Durham 1967
+
Fm. †Felbabkacystidae Nardin et al. 2017
Fm. †Lepidocystidae Durham 1967
Or. †Parablastoidea Hudson 1907
+
Fm. †Blastocystidae Jaekel 1918
G. †Meristoschisma
G. †Pachyocrinus Billings 1859
Cl. †Paracrinoidea Regnell 1945
+
Or. †Comarocystitida Parsley and Mintz 1975
Fm. †Heckeritidae Rozhnov 1987
Or. †Platycystitida
Fm. †Springerocystidae Bassler 1950
Or. †Rhombifera Zittel 1879
+
G. †Acantholepis McCoy 1846
Superfm. †Caryocystitida Jaekel 1918
Superfm. †Caryocystitidacea Jaekel 1918
Fm. †Dibrachicystidae Zamora and Smith 2011
Or. †Dichoporita Jaeckel 1899
Or. †Glyptocystitida Bather 1899
Superfm. †Glyptocystitoida Bather 1899
Or. †Hillocystida Jell 1983
G. †Pirocystella
Superfm. †Polycosmitida Jaekel 1918
G. †Thomacystis
Invalid names: Glyptocystitidacea Bather 1899 [empty], Pleurocystitida Jell 1983 [empty]
Cl. †Soluta Jaekel 1900
+
G. †Coleicarpus Daley 1996
Or. †Dendrocystitida Noailles et al. 2014
Or. †Syringocrinida Parsley and Caster 1965
Superfm. †Sphaeronitida Neumayr 1889
+
Fm. †Aristocystitidae Bassler 1938
Fm. †Holocystitidae Miller 1889
Fm. †Sphaeronitidae Neumayr 1889
Cl. †Cincta Jaekel 1918
+
Fm. †Gyrocystidae Jaekel 1918
+
G. †Asturicystis Sdzuy 1993
G. †Graciacystis Zamora et al. 2013
G. †Progyrocystis Friedrich 1993
G. †Sotocinctus Sdzuy 1993
Fm. †Sucocystidae Friedrich 1993
+
G. †Bohemiacinctus Zamora et al. 2023
G. †Elliptocinctus Termier and Termier 1973
G. †Lignanicystis Zamora and Smith 2008
G. †Ludwigicinctus Friedrich 1993
G. †Protocinctus Rahman and Zamora 2009
G. †Sucocystis Cabibel et al. 1959
+
Invalid names: Cyclocinctus Termier and Termier 1973 [synonym], Trochocinctus Termier and Termier 1973 [synonym]
G. †Trochocystites Barrande 1887
G. †Trochocystoides Jaekel 1918
G. †Undatacinctus Smith and Zamora 2009
G. †Cornuvacites Kozur and Mostler 1972
+
†Cornuvacites florealis Kozur and Mostler 1972
†Cornuvacites irregularis Kozur and Mostler 1972
†Cornuvacites symmetricus Kozur and Mostler 1972
Cl. †Ctenocystoidea Robison and Sprinkle 1969
+
G. †Conollia Dominquez Alonso 2004
+
†Conollia sporranoides Rahman et al. 2015
†Conollia staffordi Dominquez Alonso 2004
Or. †Ctenocystoida Ubaghs and Robison 1988
+
G. †Courtessolea Domínguez-Alonso 1999
Fm. †Ctenocystidae Sprinkle and Robison 1978
Cl. †Cyclocystoidea Miller and Gurley 1895
+
Fm. †Apycnodiscidae Boczarowski 2001
+
G. †Apparatocycloides Boczarowski 2001
G. †Brutocycloides Boczarowski 2001
G. †Chimaerocycloides Boczarowski 2001
G. †Concavocycloides Boczarowski 2001
G. †Linguacycloides Boczarowski 2001
G. †Neocyclocystoides Boczarowski 2001
G. †Paradoxocycloides Boczarowski 2001
G. †Platycycloides Boczarowski 2001
G. †Smithocycloides Boczarowski 2001
Fm. †Cyclocystoididae Miller 1882
+
G. †Actinodiscus Smith and Paul 1982
G. †Apycnodiscus Smith and Paul 1982
G. †Cyclocystoides Salter and Billings 1858
G. †Diastocycloides Smith and Paul 1982
G. †Monocycloides Berg-Madsen 1987
G. †Narrawayella Smith and Paul 1982
G. †Nicholsodiscus Glass et al. 2003
G. †Perforocycloides Ewin et al. 2019
G. †Polytryphocycloides Smith and Paul 1982
G. †Sievertsia Smith and Paul 1982
G. †Zygocycloides Smith and Paul 1982
G. Echinosphaera Angelin 1878
Cl. †Edrioasteroidea Billings 1858
+
G. †Camptostroma Ruedemann 1933
+
†Camptostroma roddyi Ruedemann 1933
Invalid names: Camptostroma Ruedemann 1933 [replaced]
Or. †Edrioasterida Bell 1976
+
G. †Aepyaster
Subor. †Edrioasterina Bather 1898
Subor. †Edrioblastoidina Fay 1962
G. †Edriophus
G. †Lampteroblastus
G. †Paredriophus
G. †Stromatocystites Pompeckj 1896
Fm. †Totiglobidae Bell and Sprinkle 1978
Or. †Edrioblastoida Fay 1962
+
G. †Cambroblastus Smith and Jell 1990
+
Invalid names: Cambroblastus Smith and Jell 1990 [objective synonym]
Or. †Pentacystida Jaeckel 1918
Fm. †Hemicystitidae Bassler 1936
+
G. †Anglidiscus Regnéll 1950
G. †Bassleridiscus Fisher 1951
G. †Carneyella Forste 1916
G. †Cincinnatidiscus Bassler 1935
G. †Cystaster Hall 1871
G. †Foerstediscus Bassler 1935
G. †Hemicystites Hall 1852
G. †Lebetodiscus Bather 1908
G. †Lepidoconia Wilson 1946
G. †Timeischytes Ehlers and Kesling 1958
Or. †Isorophida
+
Fm. †Agelacrinitidae Clarke 1901
G. †Chatsworthia Smith and Jell 1990
G. †Cryptogoleus
G. †Curvitriordo
G. †Deltadiscus Guensberg and Sprinkle 1994
G. †Floridiscus
G. †Giganticlavus
G. †Hadrochthus
G. †Hadrodiscus Smith and Jell 1990
Fm. †Lebetodiscidae Bell 1976
G. †Protorophus Zamora and Smith 2010
G. †Rectitriordo
G. †Stalticodiscus
Fm. †Pyrgocystidae Kesling 1967
+
G. †Archaepyrgus
G. †Argodiscus Prokop 1965
G. †Belochthus
G. †Epipaston
G. †Fanulodiscus
G. †Moroccopyrgus Sumrall and Zamora 2011
G. †Pyrgocystis Bather 1915
G. †Streptaster Hall 1872
Fm. †Stromatocystitidae Bassler 1936
+
G. †Cambraster Cabibel et al. 1958
G. †Edriodiscus
G. †Stromatocyctites Pompeck 1896
G. †Walcottidiscus Bassler 1935
G. †Xenocystites Bassler 1936
Invalid names: Cyathothecidae Jaekel 1927 [empty], Stromatocystitida [empty]
Subph. Eleutherozoa Bell 1891
+
Unr. Asterozoa von Zittel 1895
+
Cl. Asteroidea de Blainville 1830 [sea star]
Fm. †Falloasteridae Blake et al. 2019
Cl. Ophiuroidea Gray 1840 [brittle star]
Fm. †Phragmactinidae Spencer 1951
Cl. †Somasteroidea Spencer 1951
Cl. †Stenuroidea Spencer 1951
Invalid names: Catervaparmasteridae Blake 2000 [empty], Eopentaroida Dean Shackleton 2005 [empty], Stelleroidea Gregory 1900 [objective synonym]
Unr. †Echinozoa von Zittel 1895
+
Cl. Echinoidea Leske 1778 [sea urchin]
Cl. Holothuroidea de Blainville 1834 [sea cucumber]
Cl. †Ophiocistioidea Sollas 1899
Fm. †Helicocystitidae Smith and Zamora 2013
+
Cl. †Helicoplacoidea Durham and Caster 1963
+
Invalid names: Helicoplacida Durham 1967 [empty], Polyplacida Durham 1967 [empty], Westgardellidae Durham 1993 [invalid subgroup]
Subph. †Homalozoa Whitehouse 1941
+
Invalid names: Homoiostelea Gill and Caster 1960 [empty], Homostelea [empty]
G. †Iheringiana Berg 1898
G. †Limolepis Kozur and Mostler 1972
+
†Limolepis interrupta Kozur and Mostler 1972
†Limolepis manicaformis Kozur and Mostler 1972
G. †Nemotapis Kozur and Mostler 1972
+
†Nemotapis inflecta Kozur and Mostler 1972
†Nemotapis procera Kozur and Mostler 1972
Subph. †Pelmatozoa Leuckart 1848
+
Cl. †Cystoidea von Buch 1846
+
Invalid names: Hydrophoridea Zittel 1903 [empty], Protocystites Salter 1865 [nomen nudum]
Cl. †Stylophora Gill and Caster 1960
+
Or. †Cornuta Jaekel 1901
+
G. †Amygdalotheca
Subor. †Amygdalothecida Lefebvre and Vizcaino 1999
G. †Arauricystis Lefebvre and Vizcaino 1999
G. †Babinocystis
Fm. †Ceratocystidae Jaekel 1901
G. †Chauvelia
Subor. †Cothurnocystida Bather 1913
G. †Galliaecystis
Fm. †Phyllocystidae Derstler 1979
Or. †Mitrata Jaekel 1918
+
G. †Anatiferopsis
Subor. †Anomalocystitida Caster 1952
G. †Bokkeveldia
G. †Chaivella
G. †Dalejocystis
G. †Diamphidiocystis
Subor. †Lagynocystida Baster 1952
G. †Lobocarpus Ubaghs 1999
Subor. †Mitrocystitida Caster 1952
G. †Mongolocarpos
G. †Notocarpos
G. †Occultocystis
Subor. †Peltocystida Jefferies 1973
G. †Spermacystis
G. †Tasmanicytidium
G. †Willmanocystis
G. †Yachalicystis
Invalid names: Ankyroida Parsley 1998 [invalid subgroup], Reticulocarpidae Cripps and Daley 1994 [empty]
Fm. †Tubocaudinidae Kozur and Mostler 1989
+
G. †Venerella Kozur and Mostler 1972
+
†Venerella globosa Kozur and Mostler 1972
†Venerella stillata Kozur and Mostler 1972
Invalid names: Carpoidea Jaekel 1900 [empty], Crinozoa Matsumoto 1929 [empty], Paracrinozoa Parsley and Mintz 1975 [empty], Scutellidae Angas 1871 [empty], Scutellinidae Dall 1889 [empty]
Ph. Hemichordata Bateson 1885 [acorn worm]
+
Cl. Enteropneusta
+
Cl. Pterobranchia Lankester 1877 [pterobranch]
+
Or. Cephalodiscida
+
Subcl. Graptolithina Bronn 1849 [graptolite]
+
Unr. †Acanthastida Kozlowski 1949
G. †Ascograptus
Or. †Camaroidea
G. †Ceramograptus
G. †Crinocaulis
Or. †Crustoidea Bulman 1970
Fm. †Cyclograptidae Bulman 1938
Or. †Dendroidea Nicholson 1872
Fm. †Dithecodendridae Obut 1964
G. †Dithecodendrum
Unr. †Graptoblasti Kozlowski 1949
Unr. †Graptoloida Maletz et al. 2009 [graptoloid]
Or. †Graptoloidea Lapworth 1875
G. †Leveillites
G. †Palmatophycus Boucek 1941
G. †Pilograptus
Fm. †Rhabdopleuridae Harmer 1905
G. †Siryngotaenia
Fm. †Wimanicrustidae Bulman 1970
Invalid names: Diplograptoidea Lapworth 1880 [empty], Dithecoidea Obut 1964 [empty], Graptolithus Linnaeus 1768 [invalid subgroup], Graptovermida Kozlowski 1949 [empty], Limpidograptus [nomen vanum], Stolonoidea Kozlowski 1938 [empty], Thamnograptus [nomen vanum], Trigonograptus Lapworth 1873 [nomen vanum], Tuboidea Kozlowski 1938 [empty]
G. †Mastograptus LoDuca and Kramer 2014
G. †Webbyites Kraft et al. 2001
+
†Webbyites felix Muir and Gutiérrez-Marco 2023
†Webbyites rokycanensis Boucek 1956
Invalid names: Rhabdopleurida Fowler 1892 [empty]
Ph. Chordata Haeckel 1874
hide
Subph. Cephalochordata Haeckel 1866 [lancelet]
+
Or. Amphioxiformes
+
Fm. Epigonichthyidae
+
G. Epigonichthys Peters 1877
+
Invalid names: Asymmetron Andrews 1893 [synonym], Heteropleuron Kirkaldy 1895 [synonym], Paramphioxus Haeckel 1893 [synonym]
Invalid names: Asymmetrontidae [synonym]
G. †Cathaymyrus Shu et al. 1996
Subph. †Conodontophorida Eichenberg 1930
+
G. †Algherella
G. †Alternognathus
G. †Amydrotaxis
G. †Angulodus
G. †Axiothea
G. †Caenodontus
Cl. †Conodonta Pander 1856 [conodont]
+
G. †Acodina Stauffer
+
†Acodina cuspidata Stauffer 1940
†Acodina inoptinata Stauffer 1938
+
Invalid names: Acodina concava Stauffer 1940 [synonym], Acodina lirata Stauffer 1940 [synonym], Acodina ursa Stauffer 1940 [synonym]
G. †Ancidontus Chen and Gong 1986
Or. †Belodellida Sweet 1988
+
Fm. †Ansellidae Fåhræus and Hunter 1985
Fm. †Belodellidae Khodalevich and Tschernich 1973
G. †Besselodus Aldridge 1982
Fm. †Dapsilodontidae Sweet 1988
G. †Bengtsonella Mueller and Hinz 1991
G. †Branmehla Haas 1959
Fm. †Coleodontidae Branson and Mehl 1944
+
G. †Archaeognathus Cullison 1938
G. †Coleodus Branson and Mehl 1933
G. †Mixoconus Sweet 1955
G. †Neocoleodus Branson and Mehl 1933
G. †Stereoconus Branson and Mehl 1933
Invalid names: Archaeognathidae Miller 1969 [synonym]
G. †Costiconus Rasmussen 2001
+
†Costiconus costatus Dzik 1976
†Costiconus ethingtoni Fåhræus 1966
†Costiconus iniquus Viira 1974
G. †Diaphanodus Bagnoli 1987
+
†Diaphanodus compressus Chen and Gong 1986
Invalid names: Stenodontus Chen and Gong 1986 [replaced], Vanwamelodus Apollonov 1984 [replaced]
G. †Enantiognathus Mosher and Clark 1965
+
Invalid names: Enantiognathus ziegleri Diebel 1956 [nomen dubium]
G. †Fahraeosodus Stouge and Bagnoli 1988
G. †Falcodus Huddle 1934
+
†Falcodus secundus Youngquist 1945
†Falcodus ultimus Branson and Mehl 1934
G. †Gagievodus Baranov and Al'khovik 2003
G. †Gobduntaulepis Doweld 2014
+
†Gobduntaulepis bispinatus Pianovskij 1989
Invalid names: Acantholepis Pianovskij 1989 [replaced]
G. †Heterdontoides
†Hindeodella (Metaprioniodus) andrusovi koeveskalensis Kozur and Mostler 1972
G. †Llandoverygnathus Walliser 1972
G. †Noixodontus McCracken and Barnes 1982
Or. †Ozarkodinida Dzik 1976
+
Fm. †Anchignathodontidae Clark 1972
Fm. †Elictognathidae Austin and Rhodes 1981
Fm. †Ellisoniidae Clark 1972
G. †Gamachignathus
Superfm. †Gondolelloidea Lindstrom 1970
Fm. †Idiognathodontidae Harris and Hollingsworth 1933
Fm. †Kockelellidae Klapper 1981
G. †Microzarkodina Lindström 1971
Subor. †Ozarkodinina Dzik 1976
Fm. †Palmatolepididae Sweet 1988
G. †Plectodina
Fm. †Pterospathodontidae Cooper 1977
Fm. †Spathognathodontidae Hass 1959
Fm. †Spathognathodontodae Hass 1959
Fm. †Vjalovognathidae Yuan et al. 2016
Invalid names: Gondolellidea Lindstroem 1970 [empty]
Or. †Panderodontida Sweet 1988
+
G. †Cristodus
G. †Loxodus Furnish 1938
Fm. †Panderodontidae Lindström 1970
G. †Thrincodus Bauer 1987
Or. †Paraconodontida Müller 1962
+
G. †Furnishina Müller 1959
Superfm. †Furnishinacea Müller 1981
G. †Muellerodus Miller 1980
G. †Nogamiconus Miller 1980
G. †Proacodus Müller 1959
G. †Prooneotodus
G. †Prosagittodontus Müller and Nogami 1971
G. †Serratocambria Müller and Hinz 1991
G. †Trolmenia Müller and Hinz 1991
G. †Westergaardodina Müller 1959
Invalid names: Amphigeisinacea Clark et al. 1981 [empty]
Or. †Polyplacognathida Stouge and Bagnoli 1999
+
Invalid names: Cahabagnathidae Stouge and Bagnoli 1999 [empty]
Or. †Prioniodontida Dzik 1976
+
Fm. †Acodontidae Dzik 1994
G. †Anticostiodus Zhang and Barnes 2000
Superfm. †Balognathoidea Hass 1959
Fm. †Cyrtoniodontidae Hass 1959
Fm. †Distomodontidae Klapper 1981
G. †Histiodella
Fm. †Multioistodontidae Harris 1964
G. †Oepikodus Lindström 1955
Fm. †Oistodontidae Lindström 1970
Fm. †Paracordylodontidae Bergström 1981
G. †Paracordylodus Lindström 1955
G. †Phragmodus Branson and Mehl 1933
Fm. †Plectodinidae Sweet 1988
Or. †Prioniodinida Sweet 1988
Subor. †Prioniodinina Sweet 1988
Superfm. †Prioniodontacea Bassler 1925
Fm. †Rhipidognathidae Lindström 1970
G. †Sagittodontina Knüpfer 1967
Fm. †Strachanognathidae Bergstrom 1981
Invalid names: Periodontidae Lindström 1970 [empty]
Or. †Protopanderodontida
+
Fm. †Acanthodontidae Lindström 1970
Fm. †Clavohamulidae Lindström 1970
Fm. †Cornuodontidae Stouge 1984
Fm. †Drepanoistodontidae Fahraeus and Nowlan 1978
Fm. †Oneotodontidae Miller 1980
Fm. †Protopanderodontidae Lindström 1970
Fm. †Serratognathidae Zhen et al. 2009
G. †Rexroadus Zhang and Barnes 2002
+
†Rexroadus kentuckyensis Branson and Branson 1947
†Rexroadus nathani McCracken and Barnes 1981
G. †Rhynchognathodus Ethington 1959
G. †Rotundoconus An and Zhang 1983
G. †Sagittodontus Rhodes 1953
G. †Spathognathodus Branson and Mehl 1941
+
†Spathognathodus asymmetricus Bischoff and Sannemann 1958
†Spathognathodus culminidirectus Scott 1961
†Spathognathodus dubius Ethington and Furnish 1962
†Spathognathodus fundamentus Walliser 1957
†Spathognathodus optimus Moskalenko 1966
†Spathognathodus stygius Flajs 1967
†Spathognathodus transitans Bischoff and Sannemann 1958
G. †Trichonodella Branson and Branson 1947
+
†Trichonodella blanda Stauffer 1940
†Trichonodella inconstans Ziegler 1960
†Trichonodella symmetrica Rhodes 1953
G. †Youngquistognathus Myshkina and Zhuravlev 2005
G. †Zygognathus Branson et al. 1951
Invalid names: Euconodonta Müller and Hinz 1991 [empty], Euconodonta Müller and Hinz 1991 [empty], Hindeodella andrusovi Kozur and Mostler 1972 [nomen dubium], Polygnathida Barskov 1995 [empty]
G. †Dentacodina
Superfm. †Distacodontacea Bassler 1925
+
Invalid names: Distacodontidae Bassler 1925 [empty], Teridontidae Miller 1981 [empty], Ulrichodinidae Bergstrom 1981 [empty]
G. †Elsonella
G. †Embaysgnathus
G. †Evencodus
G. †Exochognathus Pollock et al. 1970
+
†Exochognathus brassfieldensis Branson and Branson 1947
†Exochognathus expansus Nicoll and Rexroad 1969
G. †Fungulodus
G. †Geniculatus
Superfm. †Hibbardellacea Mueller 1956
+
G. †Hindeodelloides
G. †Hindeodina
G. †Homoiranognathus
G. †Huddlella
G. †Istorinus Knüpfer 1967
+
†Istorinus erectus Knüpfer 1967
+
Invalid names: Istorinus disymmetricus Knüpfer 1967 [synonym], Istorinus humilis Knüpfer 1967 [synonym], Istorinus postdentatus Knüpfer 1967 [synonym], Istorinus recurvus Knüpfer 1967 [synonym]
G. †Laterignathus
G. †Leutorhinion
G. †Mitrellotaxis
G. †Neocavitella
G. †Norigondolella
G. †Oligodus
G. †Ozarcodina Walliser
G. †Paraprionodus Ethington and Clark 1982
G. †Pavlovites
G. †Playfordia Glenister and Klapper 1966
G. †Prattognathus
G. †Pravognathus
G. †Ptilognathus
G. †Rhodalepus
G. †Roundya
+
†Roundya aurita Sannemann 1955
†Roundya laminata Branson and Mehl 1934
†Roundya latipennata Ziegler 1958
G. †Schopfodus
G. †Sibiriodus
G. †Steptotaxis
G. †Subbryantodus
G. †Tuxekania
G. †Volgelgnathus Norby and Rexroad 1985
G. †Windsorgnathus
G. †Zieglericonus
Invalid names: Chirognathacea Branson and Mehl 1944 [empty], Fryxellodontacea Miller 1981 [empty], Proconodontacea Miller 1981 [empty]
Subph. Craniata Linnaeus 1758
+
Supercl. †Pteraspidomorphi Goodrich 1909 [jawless fish]
+
G. †Coscinodus
G. †Dipnoides
Or. †Furcacudiformes
+
G. †Cometicercus Wilson and Caldwell 1998
G. †Drepanolepis
G. †Furcacauda
G. †Pezopallichthyes
G. †Sphenonectris
G. †Gompholepis
G. †Gyropeltus
G. †Neeyambaspis
G. †Palaeosteus
G. †Pituriaspis
Cl. †Pteraspidomorpha
+
Subcl. †Arandaspida Ritchie and Gilbert-Tomlinson 1977
Subcl. †Astraspida Berg 1940
Subcl. †Heterostraci Lankester 1868
Invalid names: Diplorhina [synonym]
Or. †Pteraspidomorphes
+
G. †Alainaspis
G. †Allocryptaspis Bryant and Ruedemann 1934
G. †Anatolepsis
G. †Archodus
G. †Asketaspis Dineley and Loeffler 1976
G. †Aspidosteus
G. †Athenaegis Soehn and Wilson 1990
G. †Clydonaspis
G. †Corveolepis
G. †Dyreaspis
G. †Empedaspis
G. †Ennosviaspis
G. †Grumantaspis
G. †Gunaspis
G. †Homaspidella
G. †Irregulariaspis
G. †Karelosteus
G. †Kiangsuaspis
G. †Liliaspis Novitskaya 1972
G. †Listraspis Denison 1964
G. †Obliaspis Obruchev 1964
G. †Palaeodus
G. †Pelaspis
G. †Pilolepsis
G. †Pionaspis
G. †Poriferaspis
G. †Pycnaspis
G. †Sanidaspis
G. †Schizosteus Obruchev 1940
G. †Seretaspis
G. †Steinaspis
G. †Strophisterus
G. †Tareyaspis
G. †Yoglinia
G. †Rabdacanthus
G. †Sigurdia
G. †Tylodus
Invalid names: Pteraspidida Kaier 1932 [empty]
Supercl. †Thelodontida
+
Fm. †Coelolepidae Pander 1856
+
G. †Larolepis Sansom and Elliott 2002
G. †Thelodus Agassiz 1839
G. †Turinia Traquair 1896
Invalid names: Palaeodontidae Obruchev 1964 [empty], Turiniidae Obruchev 1964 [empty]
Invalid names: Coluber arcuatus von Meyer 1845 [nomen dubium], Conodontomorpha [empty]
Subph. Tunicata Lamarck 1816 [tunicate]
+
G. Cystodytes
G. Micraseites
Invalid names: Urochordata Lankester 1877 [synonym]
G. †Undichna Anderson 1976
+
†Undichna brittanica Higgs 1988
†Undichna unisulca de Gibert et al. 1999
Subph. Vertebrata Lamarck 1801 [vertebrate]
+
Cl. Agnatha Cope 1889 [jawless fish]
+
Unr. Hyperoartia Müller 1844
+
Invalid names: Loganiida Turner 1991 [empty], Myllokunmingiida Shu 2003 [empty]
Supercl. †Anaspidomorphi
+
Cl. †Anaspida Traquair
+
Or. Birkeniida Berg 1937
Fm. †Birkeniidae Traquair 1899
G. †Conopiscius
G. †Jamoytius
G. †Rhyncholepis Kiaer 1911
Invalid names: Anaspidiformes [empty], Jamoytiiformes [empty]
Subph. Craniota
+
Supercl. Cyclostomata Richards
+
Invalid names: Hypospondyli Jaekel 1911 [empty], Marsipobranchii [synonym], Palaeospondyli Jaekel 1911 [empty], Petromyzontes [empty]
Unr. †Cyclostomi Duméril 1806
+
Cl. †Galeaspida Liu 1965
+
Fm. †Dayongaspidae Pan and Zeng 1985
+
G. †Dayongaspis Pan and Zeng 1985
G. †Platycaraspis Wang et al. 2002
Or. †Eugaleaspidiformes Liu 1980
+
G. †Anjiaspis Gai and Zhu 2005
Fm. †Eugaleaspididae Liu 1980
G. †Meishanaspis Wang 1991
G. †Sinogaleaspis Pan and Wang 1980
Fm. †Hanyangaspidae Pan and Liu 1975
+
G. †Hanyangaspis Pan and Liu 1975
G. †Kalpinolepis Wang et al. 1996
G. †Konoceraspis Pan 1992
G. †Nanjiangaspis Wang et al. 2002
Superor. †Polybranchiaspidida Zhu and Gai 2007
+
Fm. †Geraspididae Pan and Chen 1993
Or. †Huananaspiformes Janvier 1975
Or. †Polybranchiaspidiformes Liu 1965
Fm. †Zhaotongaspididae Wang and Zhu 1994
Fm. †Xiushuiaspidae Pan and Wang 1983
+
G. †Changxingaspis Wang 1991
G. †Xiushuiaspis Pan and Wang 1983
Supercl. Gnathostomata Gegenbauer 1874 [jawed fish]
+
Cl. Chondrichthyes Huxley 1880 [cartilaginous fish]
+
Subcl. †Acanthodii Owen 1846 [spiny fish]
Or. †Bradyodontida Woodward 1921
Infracl. †Cladoselachimorpha
G. †Doliodus Traquair 1893
G. †Duplisuggestus Johns 1997
Subcl. Elasmobranchii Bonaparte 1838 [elasmobranch]
G. †Elegestolepis Karatajute-Talimaa 1973
G. †Eucentrurus Traquair 1901
G. †Fasciodus Henry 1876
G. †Geisacanthus St John and Worthen 1875
G. †Gogoselachus Long et al. 2015
G. †Gracilisuggestus Johns 1997
Subcl. Holocephali Bonaparte 1832 [chimaera]
+
Invalid names: Bradyodonti Arambourg and Bertin 1958 [synonym], Euchondrocephali Lund and Grogan 1997 [synonym]
Infracl. †Holocephalimorpha Lund 1986
Or. †Iniopterygia Zangerl and Case 1973
G. †Leonotus
G. †Machichnus Mikulas et al. 2006
Or. †Mongolepidida Karatujute-Talimaa et al. 1990
G. †Obtusacanthus Hanke and Wilson 2004
G. †Plesioselachus Anderson et al. 1999
G. †Proprigalea Johns 1997
G. †Ptomacanthus Miles 1973
Fm. †Pucapampellidae Maisey et al. 2018
G. †Pucapumpella Maisey and Anderson 2001
G. †Shenacanthus Zhu et al. 2022
G. †Simmorius
Or. †Sinacanthida Andreev et al. 2020
G. †Thaumatacanthus Waagen 1880
G. †Yuanolepis Andreev et al. 2020
Invalid names: Clamydoselachidae [empty], Ctenacanthimorpha [empty], Ctenoptychius ordii Davis 1881 [nomen dubium], Desmiodontida Zangerl 1981 [empty], Kathemacanthidae [empty], Polymerolepidiformes [empty], Rhinobatiformes Müller and Henle 1837 [empty], Subterbranchialia Zangerl 1979 [empty]
Unr. Osteichthyes Huxley 1880 [bony fish]
+
Unr. Actinopterygii Cope 1887 [ray-finned fish]
Supercl. Actinopterygii Cope 1887 [ray-finned fish]
G. †Andreolepis Gross 1968
Fm. Coregonidae
G. †Crenilepis Reis 1887
G. †Cyclotomodon Cope 1876
Or. Ganoidei Agassiz
Or. †Iniomi
G. †Lophosteus Pander 1856
G. †Naxilepis Wang and Dong 1989
G. †Nothosoma Agassiz 1843
G. †Preophiodon
Subcl. Sarcopterygii Romer 1955 [lobe-finned fish]
G. †Tythonichthys
Invalid names: Cephaloxeniformes [empty], Dialipiniformes [empty], Discordichthyiformes Minikh 1998 [empty], Euteleostomi [synonym], Pattonia Peach 1899 [nomen vanum], Pattonia couttsi Peach 1899 [nomen vanum], Pisces Linnaeus 1758 [synonym]
Subcl. †Thelodonti Jaekel 1911
+
G. †Boreania Karatajute-Talimaa 1985
G. †Canonia Vieth 1980
Or. †Loganelliformes
G. †Nikolivia Karatajute-Talimaa 1978
G. †Parathelodus Wang 1997
Or. †Phlebolepidiformes Berg 1937
Or. †Shieliiformes
G. †Valiukia Karatajute-Talimaa and Marss 2002
Invalid names: Katoporida Karartajüté-Talimaa 1970 [empty], Sandiviformes [empty]
Invalid names: Chondrichthiomorphi [empty], Ichthyes Gadow 1898 [empty]
G. †Hoplichnus Hitchcock 1848
+
†Hoplichnus equus Hitchcock 1858
†Hoplichnus quadrupedans Hitchcock 1848
+
Invalid names: Hoplichnus poledrus Hitchcock 1858 [synonym]
G. Hypichthyes Huxley 1880
G. †Palaeoxyris Brongniart 1828
+
†Palaeoxyris alternus Fischer et al. 2011
†Palaeoxyris regularis Brogniart 1828
Invalid names: Sporlederia Stiehler 1860 [nomen nudum]
Supercl. †Thelodontomorphi Jackel 1911
+
Cl. †Thelodonti Jaekel 1911
+
Or. †Furcacaudiformes Wilson and Caldwell 1998
Invalid names: Archipelepidiformes [empty]
G. †Zamponiopteron Janvier and Riglos 1986
+
†Zamponiopteron falciformis Janvier and Riglos 1986
†Zamponiopteron spinifera Janvier and Riglos 1986
†Zamponiopteron triangularis Janvier and Riglos 1986
Invalid names: Acrania Haeckel [empty], Cephalaspidomorpha [empty], Eotetrapoda Jaekel 1911 [empty], Herpetichthyes Huxley 1880 [empty], Mannodon Ameghino 1893 [nomen vanum], Myzichthyes Huxley 1880 [empty], Ophis Goldfuss 1831 [nomen nudum], Osteostracomorphii [empty], Ostracophori [empty], Petromyzontomorphi [empty], Pituriaspida Young 1991 [empty], Protetrapoda Jaekel 1911 [empty], Saurornia Seeley 1866 [empty], Thoracophis Troschel 1854 [nomen nudum], Tidaeus Ameghino 1890 [nomen vanum]
Invalid names: Olfactores Jefferies 1991 [empty]
Ph. †Vetulicolia Shu 2001
hide
Cl. †Banffozoa Caron 2006
+
Fm. †Banffiidae Caron 2006
+
G. †Banffia Walcott 1911
+
†Banffia constricta Walcott 1911
†Banffia episoma Conway Morris et al. 2015
Cl. †Vetulicolida Chen and Zhou 1997
+
Or. †Vetulicolata Hou and Berstrom 1997
+
Fm. †Didazoonidae Shu and Han 2001
+
G. †Didazoon Shu and Han 2001
G. †Pomatrum Luo et al. 1999
G. †Yuyuanozoon Chen et al. 2003
Invalid names: Neorenalia [synonym], Xenacoelomorpha Philippe et al. 2011 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available