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Carnivoraformes

Mammalia

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2016Carnivoraformes Solé et al.
2022Carnivoraformes Poust et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
RankNameAuthor
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Ferae()
—CarnivoramorphaWyss and Flynn 1993
—CarnivoraformesFlynn et al.
—CarnivoraformesFlynn et al.

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. †Carnivoraformes Flynn et al.
show all | hide all
G. †Africtis Mattingly et al. 2020
+
†Africtis sirtensis Mattingly et al. 2020
Or. Carnivora Bowdich 1821 [carnivoran]
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G. †Adracon Filhol 1884
Fm. Canidae Fischer de Waldheim 1817 [canid]
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Subfm. †Borophaginae Simpson 1945 [bone-crushing dog]
+
G. †Archaeocyon Wang et al. 1999
+
†Archaeocyon falkenbachi Wang et al. 1999
†Archaeocyon leptodus Schlaikjer 1935
†Archaeocyon pavidus Stock 1933
Tr. †Borophagini Simpson 1945
+
Subtr. †Aelurodontina Wang et al. 1999
Subtr. †Borophagina Wang et al. 1999
G. †Cormocyon Wang and Tedford 1992
Subtr. †Cynarctina Wang et al. 1999
G. †Desmocyon Wang et al. 1999
G. †Borophagus Cope 1892
+
+
Invalid names: Felis hillanus Cope 1893 [synonym], Hyaenognathus matthewi Freudenberg 1910 [synonym], Hyaenognathus pachyodon Merriam 1903 [synonym], Hyaenognathus solus Stock 1932 [synonym], Porthocyon dubius Merriam 1903 [synonym]
†Borophagus dudleyi White 1941
†Borophagus hilli Johnston 1939
+
Invalid names: Osteoborus crassapineatus Olsen 1956 [synonym], Osteoborus progressus Hibbard 1944 [synonym]
†Borophagus littoralis VanderHoof 1931
+
Invalid names: Osteoborus diabloensis Richey 1938 [synonym]
†Borophagus orc Webb 1969
†Borophagus parvus Wang et al. 1999
†Borophagus pugnator Cook 1922
+
Invalid names: Osteoborus galushai Webb 1969 [synonym]
†Borophagus secundus VanderHoof 1931
+
Invalid names: Hyaenognathus cyonoides Martin 1928 [synonym], Hyaenognathus direptor Matthew 1924 [synonym]
Invalid names: Cynogulo [synonym], Hyaenognathus Merriam 1903 [synonym], Osteoborus Stirton and VanderHoof 1933 [synonym], Pliogulo White 1941 [synonym], Porthocyon Merriam 1903 [synonym]
G. †Otarocyon Wang et al. 1999
+
†Otarocyon cooki Macdonald 1963
†Otarocyon cuspidatus Green 1954
†Otarocyon macdonaldi Wang et al. 1999
G. †Oxetocyon Green 1954
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†Oxetocyon cuspidatus Green 1954
Tr. †Phlaocyonini Wang et al. 1999
+
G. †Cynarctoides McGrew 1938
G. †Phlaocyon Matthew 1899
+
Invalid names: Aletocyon Romer and Sutton 1927 [synonym], Bassariscops Peterson 1928 [synonym]
G. †Rhizocyon Wang et al. 1999
+
†Rhizocyon oregonensis Merriam 1906
Subfm. Caninae Gill 1872 [canine]
+
G. †Aenocyon Merriam 1918
+
†Aenocyon dirus Leidy 1858 [dire wolf]
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Invalid names: Canis ayersi Sellards 1916 [synonym], Canis indianensis Leidy 1869 [synonym], Canis mississippiensis Allen 1876 [synonym], Canis nehringi Ameghino 1902 [synonym], Canis primaevus Hodgson 1833 [synonym]
Invalid names: Stereocyon Mercerat 1917 [synonym]
Tr. †Canini Fischer de Waldheim 1817
+
Subtr. Canina Gray 1825
Subtr. †Cerdocyonina Tedford et al. 2009
G. †Eucyon Tedford and Qiu 1996
G. †Sinicuon Kretzoi 1941
G. †Xenocyon Kretzoi 1938
G. Canis Linnaeus 1758 [canine]
+
Subg. †Canis (Epicyon) Leidy 1858
†Canis accitanus Garrido and Arribas 2008
†Canis adoxus Martin 1971
†Canis apolloniensis Koufos and Kostopoulos 1997
†Canis armbrusteri Gidley 1913
†Canis arnensis Del Campana 1913
Canis aureus Linnaeus 1758 [golden jackal]
†Canis borjgali Bartolini-Lucenti et al. 2020
Canis cana Blanford 1877 [Blanfords fox]
†Canis cedazoensis Mooser and Dalquest 1975
Canis ceylonicus Shaw 1800
†Canis chihliensis Zdansky 1924
†Canis cipio Crusafont-Pairó 1950
Canis culpaeus Molina 1782 [culpeo]
Canis dingo Blumenbach 1780 [dingo]
†Canis edwardii Gazin 1942
†Canis etruscus Forsyth Major 1877
+
Invalid names: Canis majori Del Campana 1913 [synonym], Canis olivolanus Del Campana 1913 [synonym]
Canis familiaris Linnaeus 1758 [dog]
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Invalid names: Pachycyon robustus Allen 1885 [synonym]
†Canis feneus Tedford et al. 2009
†Canis geismarianus Cope 1878
†Canis gezi Kraglievich 1928
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Invalid names: Macrocyon chapalmalensis Frenguelli 1929 [synonym]
†Canis hewitti Fourvel and Frerebeau 2023
†Canis incertus D'Orbigny and Laurillard 1842
†Canis latidentatus Cope 1899
Canis latrans Say 1823 [coyote]
+
Invalid names: Canis andersoni Merriam 1910 [synonym], Canis caneloensis Skinner 1942 [synonym], Canis clepticus Eliot 1903 [synonym], Canis estor Merriam 1897 [synonym], Canis frustror Woodhouse 1851 [synonym], Canis goldmani Merriam 1904 [synonym], Canis hondurensis Goldman 1936 [synonym], Canis impavidus Allen 1903 [synonym], Canis irvingtonensis Savage 1951 [synonym], Canis jamesi Townsend 1912 [synonym], Canis lestes Merriam 1897 [synonym], Canis mearnsi Merriam 1897 [synonym], Canis microdon Merriam 1897 [synonym], Canis nebrascensis Merriam 1898 [synonym], Canis ochropus Eschscholtz 1829 [synonym], Canis peninsulae Merriam 1897 [synonym], Canis riviveronis Hay 1917 [synonym], Canis vigilis Merriam 1897 [synonym], Lyciscus cagottis Hamilton-Smith 1839 [synonym]
†Canis lepophagus Johnston 1938
†Canis longdanensis Qiu et al. 2004
Canis lupaster Hemprich and Eherenberg 1832 [African wolf]
+
Invalid names: Canis anthus Cuvier 1820 [synonym]
Canis lupus Linnaeus 1758 [gray wolf]
+
Invalid names: Canis chanco Gray 1863 [synonym], Canis furlongi Hay 1927 [synonym], Canis hodophilax Temminck 1839 [synonym], Canis lycaon Schreber 1775 [synonym], Canis milleri Merriam 1912 [synonym], Canis niger Sclater 1874 [synonym], Canis nubilus Say 1823 [synonym], Canis occidentalis Richardson 1829 [synonym], Canis pallipes Sykes 1831 [synonym], Canis pambasileus Elliot 1905 [synonym], Canis petrolei Stock 1938 [synonym], Canis tundrarum Miller 1912 [synonym], Canis variabilis Wied-Neuwied 1841 [synonym], Lupus altaicus Noak 1911 [synonym], Lupus filchneri Matschie 1908 [synonym], Lupus gigas Townsend 1850 [synonym], Lupus karanorensis Matschie 1908 [synonym], Lupus laniger Hodgson 1847 [synonym], Lupus orientalis Wagner 1841 [synonym], Lupus tschiliensis Matschie 1908 [synonym]
†Canis lydekkeri Ameghino 1889
†Canis megamastoides Pomel 1842
†Canis michauxi Martin 1971
†Canis monticinensis Rook 1992
†Canis mosbachensis Soergel 1925
†Canis osorum Cope 1873
†Canis othmanii Amri et al. 2017
†Canis palaeoplatensis Ameghino 1891
†Canis palmidens Teilhard de Chardin and Piveteau 1930
†Canis proplatensis Ameghino 1891
Canis rufus Audubon and Bachman 1851 [red wolf]
+
Invalid names: Canis floridanus Miller 1912 [synonym], Canis priscolatrans Cope 1899 [synonym], Lupus niger Bartram 1791 [synonym]
Canis sechurae Thomas 1900 [Sechuran fox]
†Canis senezensis Martin 1971
Canis simensis Rüppell 1835 [Ethiopian wolf]
†Canis tarijensis Ameghino 1902
†Canis teilhardi Qiu et al. 2004
†Canis thooides Tedford et al. 2009
†Canis troglodytes Lund 1938
+
Invalid names: Canis spelaeus Lund 1837 [replaced]
†Canis variabilis Pei 1934
Canis vetulus Lund 1842 [Hoary fox]
Invalid names: Alopedon Hilzheimer 1906 [synonym], Dasycyon Krumbiegel 1953 [synonym], Dieba Gray 1869 [synonym], Lupulus Gervais 1855 [nomen nudum], Lyciscus Hamilton-Smith 1839 [synonym], Macrocyon Kraglievich [synonym], Nyctereutes terblanchei Broom 1948 [nomen dubium], Oreocyon Krumbiegel 1949 [synonym], Oxygous Hodgson 1841 [synonym], Pachycyon Allen 1885 [synonym], Sacalius Smith 1839 [synonym], Thos Bogachev [synonym], Vulpicanis de Blainville 1837 [synonym]
G. Chrysocyon Hamilton-Smith 1839 [maned wolf]
+
Chrysocyon brachyurus Illiger 1815 [maned wolf]
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Invalid names: Canis isodactylus Ameghino 1906 [synonym], Canis jubatus Desmarest 1820 [synonym], Vulpes cancrosa Oken 1816 [synonym]
†Chrysocyon nearcticus Tedford et al. 2009
G. †Leptocyon Matthew 1918
+
†Leptocyon delicatus Loomis 1932
†Leptocyon douglassi Tedford et al. 2009
†Leptocyon gregorii Matthew 1907
†Leptocyon leidyi Tedford et al. 2009
†Leptocyon matthewi Tedford et al. 2009
†Leptocyon mollis Merriam 1906
†Leptocyon tejonensis Tedford et al. 2009
†Leptocyon vafer Leidy 1858
†Leptocyon vulpinus Matthew 1907
Invalid names: Neocynodesmus Macdonald 1963 [synonym]
G. Lycalopex Burmeister 1854 [South American fox]
+
Lycalopex culpaeus Molina 1782 [culpeo]
†Lycalopex ensenadensis Ameghino 1888
Lycalopex fulvipes Martin 1837 [Darwin's fox]
Lycalopex griseus Gray 1837 [South American gray fox]
Lycalopex gymnocercus Fischer 1814 [pampas fox]
Lycalopex sechurae Thomas 1900 [Sechuran fox]
Lycalopex vetulus Lund 1842 [Hoary fox]
+
Invalid names: Canis fulvicaudus Lund 1843 [synonym], Canis parvidens Mivart 1890 [synonym], Canis urostictus Mivart 1890 [synonym], Eunothocyon sladeni Thomas 1904 [synonym], Pseudalopex vetulus Lund 1842 [synonym]
Invalid names: Eunothocyon Allen 1905 [synonym], Pseudalopex Burmeister 1856 [synonym]
G. Nyctereutes Temminck 1839 [raccoon dog]
+
†Nyctereutes abdeslami Geraads 1997
†Nyctereutes barryi Werdelin and Dehghani 2010
†Nyctereutes donnezani Depérer 1890
†Nyctereutes lockwoodi Geraads et al. 2010
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Invalid names: Canis borbonicus Gervais 1859 [objective synonym], Canis mitzopouli Paraskevaidis 1953 [synonym]
Nyctereutes procyonoides Gray 1834 [raccoon dog]
†Nyctereutes sinensis Schlosser 1903
†Nyctereutes tingi Tedford and Qiu 1991
†Nyctereutes vulpinus Soria and Aguirre 1976
G. †Protocyon Giebel 1855
+
†Protocyon orocualensis Ruiz-Ramoni et al. 2022
†Protocyon scagliarum Kraglievich 1952
†Protocyon tarijensis Ameghino 1902
†Protocyon troglodytes Lund 1938
+
Invalid names: Canis lycodes Lund 1843 [synonym], Canis musculosus Ameghino 1882 [synonym], Palaeocyon validus Lund 1843 [synonym], Paleospeothos colomae Spillmann 1942 [synonym], Protocyon orcesi Hoffstetter 1952 [synonym]
Invalid names: Paleospeothos Spillmann 1941 [nomen nudum], Pleurocyon Mercerat 1917 [synonym]
G. †Theriodictis Mercerat 1891
+
†Theriodictis floridanus Tedford et al. 2009
†Theriodictis platensis Mercerat 1891
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Invalid names: Macrocyon morenoi Lydekker 1894 [synonym], Palaeocyon troglodytes Revilliod 1926 [synonym]
†Theriodictis tarijensis Ameghino 1902
Invalid names: Dinocynops Ameghino 1898 [synonym]
Tr. Vulpini Hemprich and Ehrenberg 1832
+
G. †Ferrucyon Ruiz-Ramoni et al. 2020
G. †Metalopex Tedford and Wang 2008
G. Otocyon Müller 1835 [bat-eared fox]
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Invalid names: Agriodus Smith 1840 [objective synonym]
G. †Prototocyon Pohle 1928
G. Urocyon Baird 1857 [gray fox]
G. †Chailicyon Chow 1975
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†Chailicyon crassidens Chow 1975
G. †Cubacyon Arredondo and Varona 1974
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†Cubacyon transversidens Arredondo and Varona 1974
G. Cuon Hodgson 1838 [dhole]
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Cuon alpinus Pallas 1811 [dhole]
†Cuon alpinus europaeus Bourguignat 1875
†Cuon bourreti Harlé 1891
†Cuon dukhunensis Sykes 1831
†Cuon majori Del Campana 1913
†Cuon priscus Thenius 1954
†Cuon sumatrensis Hardwicke 1822
Invalid names: Anurocyon Heude 1888 [synonym], Chrysaeus Smith 1839 [synonym], Crassicuon Kretzoi 1941 [synonym], Cyon Agassiz 1846 [objective synonym], Primaevus Gray 1843 [synonym], Semicuon Kretzoi 1941 [synonym]
G. †Cynotherium Studiati 1857
+
†Cynotherium malatestai Madurell-Malapeira et al. 2015
†Cynotherium sardous Studiati 1857
G. Dysodus Cope 1879
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Dysodus pravus Cope 1879 [Japanese sleeve dog]
Subfm. †Hesperocyoninae Tedford 1978
+
G. †Caedocyon Wang 1994
+
†Caedocyon tedfordi Wang 1994
G. †Cynodesmus Scott 1893
+
†Cynodesmus martini Wang 1994
†Cynodesmus thooides Scott 1893
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Invalid names: Brachyrhynchocyon douglasi Macdonald 1970 [synonym], Mesocyon drummondanus Douglass 1903 [synonym], Sunkahetanka sheffleri Macdonald 1967 [synonym]
G. †Ectopocynus Wang 1994
+
†Ectopocynus antiquus Wang 1994
G. †Enhydrocyon Cope 1879
+
†Enhydrocyon basilatus Cope 1879
†Enhydrocyon crassidens Matthew 1907
†Enhydrocyon pahinsintewakpa Macdonald 1963
+
Invalid names: Enhydrocyon oregonensis Thorpe 1922 [synonym]
Invalid names: Hyaenocyon Cope 1879 [synonym], Hyaenocyon sectorius Cope 1883 [nomen vanum]
G. †Hesperocyon Scott 1890
+
†Hesperocyon gregarius Cope 1873
+
Invalid names: Amphicyon gracilis Leidy 1856 [synonym], Cynodictis hylactor Hay 1899 [synonym], Cynodictis paterculus Matthew 1903 [synonym], Nanodelphys mcgrewi Russell 1972 [synonym]
Invalid names: Alloeodectes Russell 1984 [synonym], Pseudocynodictis Schlosser 1902 [synonym]
G. †Mesocyon Scott 1890
+
†Mesocyon brachyops Merriam 1906
+
Invalid names: Mesocyon baileyi Stock 1933 [synonym]
†Mesocyon coryphaeus Cope 1879
†Mesocyon temnodon Wortman and Matthew 1899
Invalid names: Hypotemnodon Eyerman 1894 [synonym]
G. †Osbornodon Wang 1994
+
†Osbornodon brachypus Cope 1881
†Osbornodon fricki Wang 1994
†Osbornodon iamonensis Sellards 1916
+
Invalid names: Cynodesmus nobilis Simpson 1932 [synonym], Paradaphoenus tropicalis White 1942 [synonym]
†Osbornodon renjiei Wang 1994
†Osbornodon scitulus Hay 1924
†Osbornodon sesnoni Macdonald 1967
†Osbornodon wangi Hayes 2000
G. †Paraenhydrocyon Wang 1994
+
+
Invalid names: Mesocyon hortulirosae Schlaikjer 1935 [synonym]
†Paraenhydrocyon robustus Matthew 1907
+
Invalid names: Temnocyon venator Cook 1909 [synonym]
G. †Philotrox Merriam 1906
+
†Philotrox condoni Merriam 1906
G. †Prohesperocyon Wang 1994
+
†Prohesperocyon wilsoni Gustafson 1986
G. †Sunkahetanka Macdonald 1963
+
†Sunkahetanka geringensis Barbour and Schultz 1935
G. †Hydrocyon Lartet 1851
G. †Icticyon Lund 1839
G. Lupulella Hilzheimer 1906
+
Lupulella mesomelas Schreber 1775 [black-backed jackal]
†Lupulella mohibi Geraads 2011
†Lupulella paralius Geraads 2011
G. †Lupus
G. Lycaon Brookes 1827
+
†Lycaon magnus Ewer and Singer 1956
Lycaon pictus Temminck 1820 [African wild dog]
†Lycaon sekowei Hartstone-Rose et al. 2010
G. †Lycorus Bourguignat 1875
+
†Lycorus nemesianus Bourguignat 1875
G. †Palaeocyon Lund 1843
G. †Plesiocyon Schlosser 1887
G. Schaeffia Hilzheimer 1906
+
Schaeffia adusta Sundevall 1847 [side-striped jackal]
G. Simenia Gray
+
Simenia simensis Rüppell 1835 [Ethiopian wolf]
G. †Synagodus Cope 1879
+
†Synagodus mansuetus Cope 1879
G. Thous Hamilton Smith 1839
+
Thous fulvipes Martin 1837 [Darwin's fox]
G. Vulpes Frisch 1775 [fox]
+
†Vulpes alopecoides Forsyth Major 1877
†Vulpes angustidens Thenius 1954
†Vulpes beihaiensis Qiu and Tedford 1990
Vulpes bengalensis Shaw 1800 [Bengal fox]
Vulpes cana Blanford 1877 [Blanfords fox]
Vulpes chama Smith 1833 [Cape fox]
†Vulpes chikushanensis Young 1930
Vulpes corsac Linnaeus 1768 [Corsac fox]
Vulpes ferrilata Hodgson 1842 [Tibetan fox]
†Vulpes galaticus Ginsburg 1998
Vulpes griffithi Blyth 1854
†Vulpes hassani Geraads 2011
Vulpes japonica Ognev 1823
Vulpes karagan Erxleben 1777
†Vulpes kernensis Tedford et al. 2009
Vulpes lagopus Linnaeus 1758 [Arctic fox]
Vulpes macrotis Merriam 1888 [kit fox]
†Vulpes mathisoni Geraads et al. 2015
Vulpes montana Pearson 1836
Vulpes niloticus Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1803
†Vulpes odessana Odintzov 1967
Vulpes pallida Cretzschmar 1826 [pale fox]
Vulpes pensylvanicus Boddaert 1784
†Vulpes praecorsac Kormos 1932
†Vulpes praeglacialis Kormos 1932
+
Invalid names: Vulpes marinosi Sickenberg 1971 [synonym]
Vulpes pusilla Blyth 1854
†Vulpes riffautae de Bonis et al. 2007
†Vulpes rooki Bartolini Lucenti 2021
Vulpes rueppellii Schinz 1825 [Ruuppells fox]
†Vulpes sinensis Schlosser 1903
†Vulpes skinneri Hartstone-Rose et al. 2013
†Vulpes stenognathus Savage 1941
Vulpes velox Say 1823 [swift fox]
Vulpes vulgaris Oken 1816
Vulpes vulpes Linnaeus 1758 [red fox]
+
Invalid names: Canis alopex Linnaeus 1758 [synonym], Vulpes fulva Desmarest 1829 [synonym], Vulpes palmaria Hay 1917 [synonym], Vulpes vulpes cascadensis Merriam 1900 [replaced]
Vulpes zerda Zimmermann 1780 [fennec fox]
Invalid names: Alopex Kaup 1829 [synonym], Canis vulpes montana Pearson 1835 [synonym], Cynalopex Smith 1839 [synonym], Fennecus Desmarest 1804 [synonym], Leucocyon Woldrich 1868 [synonym], Mamvulpesus Herrera 1899 [synonym], Megalotis Smith 1839 [synonym], Vulpis Gray 1821 [synonym], Xenalopex Kretzoi 1954 [synonym]
Invalid names: Amphicyon angustidens Marsh 1871 [nomen vanum], Otocyoninae Trouessart 1885 [empty]
Subor. Caniformia Kretzoi 1943
+
Fm. †Amphicyonidae Haeckel 1886 [bear-dog]
+
G. †Amphicyanis Springhorn 1977
Subfm. †Amphicyoninae Trouessart 1885
+
G. †Afrocyon Arambourg 1961
G. †Amphicyon Lartet 1836
Tr. †Amphicyonini Trouessart 1885
G. †Goupilictis Ginsburg 1969
G. †Ischyrocyon Matthew and Gidley 1904
+
Invalid names: Hadrocyon Stock and Furlong 1926 [synonym]
G. †Magericyon Peigné et al. 2008
G. †Megamphicyon Kuss 1965
G. †Mogharacyon Morales and Pickford 2022
G. †Myacyon Sudre and Hartenberger 1992
G. †Namibiocyon Morales and Pickford 2022
G. †Pliocyon Matthew 1918
Tr. †Pseudarctini Morales et al. 2021
G. †Pseudocyon Lartet 1851
+
Invalid names: Amphicyonopsis Viret 1929 [synonym]
G. †Tartarocyon Solé et al. 2022
G. †Vishnucyon Pilgrim 1932
Invalid names: Thaumastocyonini Ginsburg 1977 [empty]
G. †Angelarctocyon Tomiya and Tseng 2016
+
†Angelarctocyon australis Gustafson 1986
G. †Arctamphicyon Pilgrim 1932
G. †Aymardia Trouessart 1904
G. †Bonisicyon Werdelin 2009
+
†Bonisicyon illacabo Werdelin 2009
G. †Brachycyon Filhol 1872
+
†Brachycyon gaudryi Ginsburg 1966
G. †Cynodictis Bravard and Pomel 1850
+
Subg. †Cynodictis (Elocyon) Aymard 1849
†Cynodictis cayluxensis Filhol 1876
†Cynodictis crassus Teilard de Chardin 1915
†Cynodictis exilis Teilard de Chardin 1915
†Cynodictis ferox Filhol 1876
†Cynodictis lacustris Gervais 1852
+
Invalid names: Cynodictis intermedius Filhol 1876 [synonym]
†Cynodictis longirostris Filhol 1872
†Cynodictis parisiensis Pomel 1853
†Cynodictis peignei Le Verger et al. 2020
G. †Cyotherium Aymard
Subfm. †Daphoeninae Hunt, Jr. 1998
+
G. †Adilophontes Hunt, Jr. 2002
G. †Brachyrhynchocyon Scott and Jepsen 1936
+
Invalid names: Brachicyon Loomis 1931 [replaced], Daphoenocyon Hough 1948 [synonym]
G. †Daphoenictis Hunt, Jr. 1974
G. †Daphoenodon Peterson 1909
G. †Daphoenus Leidy 1853
+
Invalid names: Pericyon Thorpe 1922 [synonym], Proamphicyon Hatcher 1902 [synonym]
G. †Paradaphoenus Wortman and Matthew 1899
G. †Guangxicyon Zhai et al. 2003
+
†Guangxicyon sinoamericanus Zhai et al. 2003
G. †Gustafsonia Tomiya and Tseng 2016
+
†Gustafsonia cognita Gustafson 1986
Subfm. †Haplocyoninae
+
Tr. †Aktaucyonini Kordikova et al. 2000
G. †Haplocyon Schlosser 1901
G. †Haplocyonoides Hürzeler 1940
G. †Haplocyonopsis de Bonis 1973
G. †Sarcocyon Ginsburg 1966
G. †Harpagophagus De Bonis 1971
+
†Harpagophagus sanguinensis De Bonis 1971
G. †Notoamphicyon Ameghino 1904
+
†Notoamphicyon paranensis Ameghino 1904
G. †Protemnocyon Hatcher 1901
+
†Protemnocyon inflatus Hatcher 1902
G. †Pseudamphicyon Schlosser 1887
G. †Pseudocyonopsis Kuss 1965
+
†Pseudocyonopsis ambiguus Ginsburg 1965
†Pseudocyonopsis antiquus Ginsburg 1966
†Pseudocyonopsis quercensis Ginsburg 1965
G. †Storchictis de Bonis 2020
+
†Storchictis miacinus de Chardin 1915
G. †Symplectocyon Springhorn 1979
Subfm. †Temnocyoninae Hunt, Jr. 1998
+
G. †Delotrochanter Hunt, Jr. 2011
G. †Mammacyon Loomis 1936
G. †Rudiocyon Hunt, Jr. 2011
G. †Temnocyon Cope 1878
Subfm. †Thaumastocyoninae Hurzeller 1940
+
G. †Agnotherium Kaup 1833
G. †Ammitocyon Morales et al. 2021
G. †Crassidia Heizmann and Kordikova 2000
G. †Peignecyon Morales et al. 2019
G. †Thaumastocyon Stehlin and Helbing 1925
G. †Tomocyon Viret 1929
G. †Ysengrinia Ginsburg 1965
Invalid names: Aphicyoninae Trouessart 1885 [empty]
Infraor. Canoidea Simpson 1931
+
Superfm. Arctoidea Flower 1869
+
G. †Allocyon Merriam 1930
G. †Amphicticeps Matthew and Granger 1924
Unr. Mustelida Tedford 1976
Superfm. Musteloidea Fischer de Waldheim 1817
G. †Nothocyon Wortman and Matthew 1899
Unr. †Panpinnipedia Wolsan et al. 2020
Unr. Ursida Tedford 1976
Invalid names: Arctomorpha Wolson 1993 [empty]
G. †Lycophocyon Tomiya 2011
+
†Lycophocyon hutchisoni Tomiya 2011
†Lycophocyon tabrumi Lofgren et al. 2020
Invalid names: Cynoidea Flower 1869 [empty]
Subor. Feliformia Kretzoi 1945
+
Infraor. Aeluroida Flynn and Galiano 1982
+
G. †Ictidopappus Simpson 1935
+
†Ictidopappus mustelinus Simpson 1935
Invalid names: Viverravoidea Wortman and Matthew 1899 [empty]
Unr. Aeluroidea Flower 1869
+
G. †Anictis Kretzoi 1945
+
†Anictis simplicidens Schlosser 1890
G. †Fejfarictis de Bonis et al. 2024
+
†Fejfarictis valecensis de Bonis et al. 2024
G. †Haplogale
+
†Haplogale media Filhol 1882
G. †Herpestides de Beaumont 1967
+
†Herpestides aegypticus Morlo et al. 2007
†Herpestides aequatorialis Schmidt-Kittler 1987
†Herpestides antiquus de Blainville 1842
†Herpestides compactus Morlo 1996
G. †Palaeoprionodon Filhol 1880
+
G. †Shandgolictis Hunt, Jr. 1998
+
†Shandgolictis constans Matthew and Granger 1924
G. †Stenoplesictis Filhol 1880
+
†Stenoplesictis cayluxi Filhol 1880
†Stenoplesictis crocheti Peigné and de Bonis 1999
†Stenoplesictis elegans Matthew and Granger 1924
†Stenoplesictis minor Filhol 1882
†Stenoplesictis muhoronii Schmidt-Kittler 1987
Infraor. Viverroidea Gray 1821
+
Fm. Eupleridae Chenu 1850
Fm. †Herpestidae Bonaparte 1845 [mongoose]
Fm. Hyaenidae Gray 1821 [hyaena]
+
Invalid names: Protelidae Flower 1869 [synonym]
Fm. Viverridae Gray 1821 [civet]
Invalid names: Stenoplesictinae Schlosser 1923 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Alagtsavbaatar Egi et al. 2016
+
†Alagtsavbaatar indigenus Dashzeveg 1996
G. †Asiavorator Spassov and Lange-Badré 1995
+
†Asiavorator gracilis Matthew and Granger 1924
+
Invalid names: Asiavorator altidens Spassov and Lange-Badré 1995 [synonym], Stenoplesictis simplex Dashzeveg 1996 [synonym]
Superfm. Feloidea Hay 1930
+
Fm. Felidae Gray 1821 [cat]
+
G. †Aeluropsis Lydekker 1884
G. Ailurin Gervais 1855
G. Catolynx Severtzov 1858
G. Cynaelurus Gloger 1841
G. Cynailurus Wagler
G. †Diamantofelis Morales et al. 1998
G. †Drepanodon Nesti 1826
G. †Epimachairodus Kretzoi 1929
Subfm. Felinae Trouessart 1885
G. †Hyperailurictis Kretzoi 1929
G. †Jansofelis Bonifay 1971
G. †Katifelis Adrian et al. 2018
G. †Machaerodus Kaup 1833
Subfm. †Machairodontinae Gill 1872
G. †Mellivorodon Lydekker 1884
G. †Namafelis Morales et al. 2003
G. Plethaelurus Cope 1882
G. †Proailurus Filhol 1879
G. †Profelis Severtzov 1858
G. †Propontosmilus Kretzoi 1929
G. †Pseudaelurus Leidy 1858
G. †Sivaelurus Pilgrim 1913
G. †Sivafelis Pilgrim 1932
G. †Sivasmilus Kretzoi 1929
G. Uncia Schreber 1775
G. †Vinayakia Pilgrim 1932
G. †Viretailurus Hemmer 1965
G. †Vishnufelis Pilgrim 1932
Invalid names: Pantherinae Pocock 1917 [empty]
Fm. Prionodontidae Horsfield 1824 [asiatic linsang]
+
G. Prionodon Horsfield 1822 [banded linsang]
+
Invalid names: Linsang Müller 1839 [synonym], Linsanga Lydekker 1896 [synonym], Pardictis Thomas 1925 [synonym]
G. †Stenogale Schlosser 1888
+
†Stenogale bransatensis de Bonis et al. 1999
†Stenogale gracilis Filhol 1877
†Stenogale intermedia Filhol 1877
G. †Viretictis de Bonis et al. 1999
+
†Viretictis gaillardi Viret 1929
†Viretictis julieni Filhol 1879
Fm. Nandiniidae Pocock 1929
+
G. Nandinia Gray 1843 [African palm civet]
+
Nandinia binotata Gray 1832 [African palm civet]
+
Invalid names: Paradoxurus hamiltonii Gray 1852 [synonym]
Fm. †Nimravidae Cope 1880 [false sabre-tooth]
+
G. †Aelurogale Filhol 1872
Subfm. †Barbourofelinae Schultz et al. 1970
+
Tr. †Afrosmilini Morales et al. 2001
G. †Barbourofelis Schultz et al. 1970
G. †Ginsburgsmilus Morales et al. 2001
G. †Oriensmilus Wang et al. 2020
G. †Prosansanosmilus Heizmann et al. 1980
G. †Sansanosmilus Kretzoi 1929
G. †Syrtosmilus Ginsburg 1978
G. †Vampyrictis Kurten 1976
G. †Dinictis Leidy 1854
+
†Dinictis felina Leidy 1854
+
Invalid names: Daptophilus squalidens Cope 1873 [synonym], Dinictis bombifrons Adams 1895 [synonym], Dinictis cyclops Cope 1879 [synonym], Dinictis fortis Adams 1895 [synonym], Dinictis paucidens Riggs 1896 [synonym]
Invalid names: Daptophilus Cope 1873 [synonym]
Tr. †Hoplophoneini Kretzoi 1929
+
G. †Eusmilus Gervais 1876
G. †Hoplophoneus Cope 1874
+
Invalid names: Dinotomius Williston 1895 [synonym], Ekgmoiteptecela Macdonald 1963 [synonym]
G. †Nanosmilus Martin 1992
G. †Maofelis Averianov et al. 2016
+
†Maofelis cantonensis Averianov et al. 2016
Subfm. †Nimravinae Trouessart 1885
+
G. †Dinailurictis Helbing 1922
G. †Eofelis Kretzoi 1938
G. †Quercylurus Ginsburg 1979
Invalid names: Hoplophoneinae [synonym]
Tr. †Nimravini Cope 1880
+
G. †Dinaelurus Eaton 1922
G. †Nimravus Cope 1879
+
Invalid names: Archaelurus Cope 1879 [synonym], Nimravinus Kretzoi 1945 [synonym]
G. †Pangurban Poust et al. 2022
+
†Pangurban egiae Poust et al. 2022
G. †Pogonodon Cope 1880
+
†Pogonodon davisi Merriam 1906
+
Invalid names: Pogonodon eileenae Macdonald 1970 [synonym], Pogonodon serrulidens Eaton 1922 [synonym]
†Pogonodon platycopis Cope 1879
+
Invalid names: Pogonodon cismontanus Thorpe 1920 [synonym]
Invalid names: Eusmilus insignis Filhol 1876 [nomen nudum]
Fm. †Palaeogalidae Martin and Lim 2001
+
G. †Cryptailurus Martin and Lim 2001
+
†Cryptailurus tedfordi Martin and Lim 2001
†Cryptailurus tinaynakti Barrett et al. 2020
G. †Palaeogale von Meyer 1846
+
†Palaeogale dorothiae Macdonald 1963
†Palaeogale evanoffi Welsh 2021
†Palaeogale felina Filhol 1877
†Palaeogale hyaenoides Dehm 1950
†Palaeogale minuta Gervais 1848
†Palaeogale sanguinarius Loomis 1932
†Palaeogale sectoria Gervais 1848
+
Invalid names: Bunaelurus infelix Matthew 1903 [synonym], Bunaelurus parvulus Matthew and Granger 1924 [synonym], Bunaelurus ulysses Matthew and Granger 1924 [synonym]
Invalid names: Bunaelurus Cope 1873 [synonym]
Invalid names: Didymictida Flynn and Galiano 1982 [empty]
Subor. Fissipedia Blumenbach 1791
+
Invalid names: Arctictidae Cope 1889 [empty], Bassarididae Cope 1889 [empty], Cynictidae Cope 1882 [empty]
Superfm. †Miacoidea Cope
+
Fm. †Miacidae Cope 1880
+
G. †Eogale Beard and Dawson 2009
+
†Eogale parydros Beard and Dawson 2009
Subfm. †Miacinae Cope 1880
+
G. †Paroodectes Springhorn 1980
G. †Miocyon Matthew 1909
+
†Miocyon magnus Bryant 1992
†Miocyon major Matthew 1909
†Miocyon scotti Wortman and Matthew 1899
†Miocyon vallisrubrae Friscia and Rasmussen 2010
G. †Pappidictops Chiu and Li 1977
G. †Simamphicyon Viret 1942
+
†Simamphicyon helveticus Pictet and Humbert 1869
Subfm. †Viverravinae Matthew 1909
+
G. †Pappictidops Qiu and Li 1977
G. †Monachiopsis Kretzoi 1941
Fm. †Percrocutidae Werdelin and Solounias 1991
+
G. †Dinocrocuta Schmidt-Kittler 1976
+
†Dinocrocuta algeriensis Arambourg 1959
†Dinocrocuta gigantea Schlosser 1903
G. †Percrocuta Kretzoi 1938
+
†Percrocuta australis Hendey 1974
†Percrocuta carnifex Pilgrim 1913
†Percrocuta hebeiensis Chen and Wu 1976
†Percrocuta miocenica Pavlovic and Thenius 1965
†Percrocuta primordialis Qiu and Cao 1988
†Percrocuta tobieni Crusafont-Pairo and Aguirre 1971
†Percrocuta xixiaensis Xiong 2023
G. †Pseudailurus Gervais 1848
G. †Pristinictis Fox and Youzwyshyn 1994
+
†Pristinictis connata Fox and Youzwyshyn 1994
G. †Ravenictis Fox and Youzwyshyn 1994
+
†Ravenictis krausei Fox and Youzwyshyn 1994
Invalid names: Eosictis Scott 1945 [nomen dubium], Felidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Phocidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Protelidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Protoferi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Ursina Gray 1825 [empty], Ursocanidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Viverra memphitis Linnaeus 1758 [nomen vanum]
G. †Dormaalocyon Solé et al. 2014
+
†Dormaalocyon latouri Quinet 1966
G. †Gracilocyon Smith and Smith 2010
+
†Gracilocyon igniculus Beard and Dawson 2009
†Gracilocyon rosei Heinrich et al. 2008
†Gracilocyon rundlei Hooker 2010
†Gracilocyon solei Smith and Smith 2010
†Gracilocyon winkleri Gingerich 1983
G. Lycarion Matthew 1909
+
†Lycarion medius Matthew 1909
G. †Miacis Cope 1872
+
†Miacis bathygnathus Scott 1888
†Miacis boqinghensis Huang et al. 1999
†Miacis deutschi Gingerich 1983
†Miacis edax Leidy 1872
†Miacis exiguus Matthew and Granger 1915
†Miacis gracilis Clark 1939
†Miacis hookwayi Stock 1934
†Miacis invictus Matthew and Granger 1925
†Miacis latidens Matthew and Granger 1915
†Miacis lushiensis Chow 1975
†Miacis parvivorus Cope 1872
†Miacis petilus Gingerich 1983
†Miacis rundlei Hooker 2010
†Miacis vorax Leidy 1872
†Miacis vulpinus Scott and Osborn 1887
Invalid names: Harpalodon Marsh 1872 [synonym], Prodaphaenus Wortman and Matthew 1899 [synonym]
G. †Neovulpavus Wortman 1901
+
†Neovulpavus mccarrolli Tomiya et al. 2021
†Neovulpavus washakius Wortman 1901
G. †Palaearctonyx Matthew 1909
+
†Palaearctonyx meadi Matthew 1909
G. †Paramiacis Filhol 1876
+
†Paramiacis exilis Filhol 1876
†Paramiacis teilhardi Mathis 1987
G. †Procynodictis Wortman and Matthew 1899
+
†Procynodictis vulpiceps Wortman and Matthew 1899
Invalid names: Plesiomiacis Simpson 1945 [synonym]
G. †Quercygale Kretzoi 1945
+
†Quercygale angustidens Filhol 1872
†Quercygale hastingsae Davies 1884
†Quercygale helvetica Rütimeyer 1862
†Quercygale smithi Solé 2014
Invalid names: Humbertia De Beaumont 1965 [objective synonym]
G. †Uintacyon Leidy 1873
+
†Uintacyon acutus Thorpe 1923
†Uintacyon asodes Gazin 1952
†Uintacyon gingerichi Heinrich et al. 2008
†Uintacyon hookeri Solé 2014
†Uintacyon jugulans Matthew 1909
†Uintacyon rudis Rose 1981
G. †Vassacyon Matthew 1909
+
†Vassacyon bowni Heinrich et al. 2008
†Vassacyon prieuri Solé et al. 2016
†Vassacyon promicrodon Wortman and Matthew 1899
†Vassacyon taxidiotis Solé et al. 2013
G. †Vulpavus Marsh 1871
+
Subg. †Vulpavus (Phlaodectes) Matthew 1909
+
†Vulpavus australis Matthew and Granger 1915
+
Invalid names: Vulpavus asius Gazin 1952 [synonym]
†Vulpavus canavus Cope 1881
+
Invalid names: Miacis brevirostris Cope 1881 [synonym]
†Vulpavus completus Matthew 1909
†Vulpavus farsonensis Gunnell 1998
†Vulpavus hargeri Wortman 1901
†Vulpavus ovatus Matthew 1909
†Vulpavus palustris Marsh 1871
†Vulpavus profectus Matthew 1909
G. †Xinyuictis Zheng et al. 1975
+
†Xinyuictis tenuis Zheng et al. 1975
G. †Zodiocyon Tong and Wang 2006
+
†Zodiocyon zetesios Tong and Wang 2006
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Maximum body mass: 300 kgs
Minimum body mass: 10 kgs
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: scansorialsubc
Diet: insectivoresubc
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-09-06 20:43:42
Modified: 2005-09-06 22:44:32
Source: s = species, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Ji et al. 2002, Carroll 1988, Martin 1990, Lillegraven 1979, Hendy et al. 2009

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Torrejonian to the top of the Holocene or 63.80000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 63.3 Ma

Collections (5360 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Puercan66.0 - 63.3Canada (Saskatchewan) Carnivora indet., Ravenictis krausei (14768)
Early/Lower Paleocene66.0 - 61.7China (Guangdong) Pappictidops obtusus, Pappictidops acies (140273 176607)
Early/Lower Paleocene66.0 - 61.7China (Anhui) Pappictidops orientalis (132943 146556)
Danian66.0 - 61.6USA (North Dakota) Miacidae indet., Viverravinae indet. (14962)
Cenozoic66.0 - 0.0Mongolia (South Gobi Aimag) Carnivora indet. (137861)
Torrejonian63.8 - 60.9USA (Montana) Ictidopappus mustelinus (14906)
Torrejonian63.8 - 60.9USA (Texas) Protictis sp. (14887)
Ti161.7 - 56.8Canada (Alberta) Pristinictis connata (14939)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8USA (Montana) Protictis sp. (15048)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8USA (Wyoming) Didymictis sp. (14999) Viverravinae indet. (15032 15049)
Tiffanian61.7 - 56.8USA (North Dakota) Miacidae indet. (14931)
Thanetian59.2 - 56.0Romania Gracilocyon sp. (138239)
Late/Upper Paleocene58.7 - 55.8France (Oise) Vassacyon n. sp. (166598)
Late/Upper Paleocene - Early/Lower Eocene58.7 - 48.6USA (Wyoming) Uintacyon rudis (80579)
Clarkforkian56.2 - 54.9USA (Wyoming) Uintacyon rudis (15084 15085 15102 15106 15107 15114 15156 15163 15186 15191 15198 15207)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France (Oise) Gracilocyon solei, Vassacyon taxidiotis, Miacis sp. (68174) Vassacyon taxidiotis (182643)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Belgium (Brabant) Miacis latouri, Gracilocyon solei (35531)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8United Kingdom Miacidae indet. (87950)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8France (Marne) Quercygale smithi (181653) Uintacyon hookeri (35540) Uintacyon hookeri, Miacidae indet. (35535) Uintacyon hookeri, Quercygale smithi, Miacidae indet. (35533)
Ypresian56.0 - 47.8Belgium (Hainaut) Dormaalocyon latouri, Gracilocyon solei (87947)