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Cotylosauria
Taxonomy
Cotylosauria was named by Cope (1880). It is extant.
It was reranked as the order Cotylosauria by Hay (1902), Osborn (1903), Osborn (1903), Osborn (1904), Williston (1917), Hay (1930), Swinton (1934), Kuhn (1946), Stovall (1950), Haughton and Brink (1954), Romer (1956), Lewis and Vaughn (1965), Carroll (1967), Carroll (1969), Daly (1973), Colbert and Kitching (1975), Gow (1977), Heaton (1979); it was reranked as the subclass Cotylosauria by Jaekel (1911), Haubold (1971), Haubold (1974); it was reranked as the superorder Cotylosauria by Roxo (1937), Kuhn (1966); it was reranked as the unranked clade Cotylosauria by Gauthier et al. (1988), Laurin and Reisz (1995).
It was assigned to Synapsida by Osborn (1903), Osborn (1903), Osborn (1904); to Miosauria by Jaekel (1911); to Atremata by Hay (1930); to Reptilia by Hay (1902), Broom (1913), Swinton (1934), Kuhn (1946), Haubold (1971), Haubold (1974), Colbert and Kitching (1975); to Anapsida by Williston (1917), Roxo (1937), Stovall (1950), Haughton and Brink (1954), Romer (1956), Lewis and Vaughn (1965), Kuhn (1966), Carroll (1967), Carroll (1969), Daly (1973), Gow (1977), Heaton (1979), Lavina (1983); and to Batrachosauria by Gauthier et al. (1988), Laurin and Reisz (1995).
It was reranked as the order Cotylosauria by Hay (1902), Osborn (1903), Osborn (1903), Osborn (1904), Williston (1917), Hay (1930), Swinton (1934), Kuhn (1946), Stovall (1950), Haughton and Brink (1954), Romer (1956), Lewis and Vaughn (1965), Carroll (1967), Carroll (1969), Daly (1973), Colbert and Kitching (1975), Gow (1977), Heaton (1979); it was reranked as the subclass Cotylosauria by Jaekel (1911), Haubold (1971), Haubold (1974); it was reranked as the superorder Cotylosauria by Roxo (1937), Kuhn (1966); it was reranked as the unranked clade Cotylosauria by Gauthier et al. (1988), Laurin and Reisz (1995).
It was assigned to Synapsida by Osborn (1903), Osborn (1903), Osborn (1904); to Miosauria by Jaekel (1911); to Atremata by Hay (1930); to Reptilia by Hay (1902), Broom (1913), Swinton (1934), Kuhn (1946), Haubold (1971), Haubold (1974), Colbert and Kitching (1975); to Anapsida by Williston (1917), Roxo (1937), Stovall (1950), Haughton and Brink (1954), Romer (1956), Lewis and Vaughn (1965), Kuhn (1966), Carroll (1967), Carroll (1969), Daly (1973), Gow (1977), Heaton (1979), Lavina (1983); and to Batrachosauria by Gauthier et al. (1988), Laurin and Reisz (1995).
Subtaxa
Amniota, Archeria, Bathyglyptus, Captorhiniformes, Captorhinomorpha, Chamasaurus, Conodectiformes, Datheosauri, Diadectiformes, Diadectomorpha, Diadectosauria, Gilmoreichnus, Gymnarthriformes (syn. Gymnarthria), Labidosauria, Limnoscelia, Pantyliformes (syn. Pantylosauria), Pantyloidea, Pareiasauriformes, Procolophonipus, Sauraviformes, Solenodonsauridae, Tomicosaurus, Trilophosauria, Varanopus
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1880 | Cotylosauria Cope p. 304 |
| 1902 | Cotylosauria Hay p. 426 |
| 1903 | Cotylosauria Osborn p. 276 |
| 1904 | Cotylosauria Osborn p. 99 |
| 1911 | Cotylosauria Jaekel p. 121 |
| 1913 | Cotylosauria Broom |
| 1917 | Cotylosauria Williston p. 420 |
| 1930 | Cotylosauria Hay p. 28 |
| 1934 | Cotylosauria Swinton p. 52 |
| 1937 | Cotylosauria Roxo p. 42 |
| 1946 | Cotylosauria Kuhn p. 55 |
| 1950 | Cotylosauria Stovall p. 46 |
| 1954 | Cotylosauria Haughton and Brink p. 3 |
| 1956 | Cotylosauria Romer p. 476 |
| 1965 | Cotylosauria Lewis and Vaughn p. C12 |
| 1966 | Cotylosauria Kuhn p. 12 |
| 1967 | Cotylosauria Carroll p. 1256 |
| 1969 | Cotylosauria Carroll p. 152 |
| 1971 | Cotylosauria Haubold p. 26 |
| 1973 | Cotylosauria Daly p. 584 |
| 1974 | Cotylosauria Haubold p. 26 |
| 1975 | Cotylosauria Colbert and Kitching p. 3 |
| 1977 | Cotylosauria Gow p. 110 |
| 1979 | Cotylosauria Heaton p. 11 |
| 1983 | Cotylosauria Lavina p. 53 |
| 1988 | Cotylosauria Gauthier et al. p. 139 fig. 4.4 |
| 1995 | Cotylosauria Laurin and Reisz p. 173 fig. 2 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Unr. Cotylosauria Cope 1880
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Unr. Amniota Haeckel 1866 [amniote]
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G. †Colognathus Case 1933
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†Colognathus obscurus Case 1928
Invalid names: Xenognathus Case 1928 [replaced]
Subor. †Mesosauria Seeley 1892
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Invalid names: Neusticosauria Seeley 1892 [empty], Proganosauria Baur 1887 [synonym]
Unr. †Recumbirostra Anderson 2007
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Fm. †Brachystelechidae Carroll and Gaskill 1978
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G. †Batropetes Carroll and Gaskill 1971
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†Batropetes appelensis Glienke 2015
†Batropetes fritschia Geinitz and Deichmüller 1882
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Invalid names: Batropetes truncatus Credner 1890 [synonym]
†Batropetes niederkirchensis Glienke 2013
†Batropetes palatinus Glienke 2015
Invalid names: Brachystelechus Carroll and Gaskill 1978 [synonym], Petrobates Credner 1890 [replaced]
Invalid names: Batropetidae Carroll 1988 [synonym]
Fm. †Gymnarthridae Case 1910
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G. †Cardiocephalus Broili 1904
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†Cardiocephalus peabodyi Carroll and Gaskill 1978
Invalid names: Gymnarthrus Case 1910 [synonym]
G. †Euryodus Olson 1939
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†Euryodus bonneri Schultze and Foreman 1981
†Euryodus dalyae Carroll and Gaskill 1978
†Euryodus primus Olson 1939
G. †Goniorhynchus Olson 1970
G. †Leiocephalikon Steen 1934
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†Leiocephalikon problematicum Dawson 1882
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Invalid names: Leiocephalikon eutheton Steen 1934 [synonym]
G. †Sparodus Fritsch 1876
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†Sparodus validus Fritsch 1876
Invalid names: Batrachocephalus Fritsch 1876 [replaced]
Fm. †Molgophidae Cope 1875
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G. †Molgophis Cope 1868
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Invalid names: Cocytinidae Cope 1875 [synonym]
Fm. †Ostodolepidae Romer 1945
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Fm. †Pantylidae Case 1911
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G. †Pantylus Cope 1881
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†Pantylus coicodus Cope 1896
†Pantylus cordatus Cope 1881
†Pantylus tryptychus Cummins 1908
Unr. Sauropsida Huxley 1864
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Fm. †Mesosauridae Baur 1889
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G. †Mesosaurus Gervais 1865
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†Mesosaurus tenuidens Gervais 1865
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Invalid names: Ditrochosaurus capensis Gürich 1889 [synonym], Mesosaurus brasiliensis Mac Gregor 1908 [synonym]
Invalid names: Ditrochosaurus Gürich 1889 [synonym]
Invalid names: Mesosaurus pleurogaster Seeley 1892 [nomen dubium], Noteosaurus Broom 1913 [invalid subgroup], Noteosaurus africanus Broom 1913 [nomen dubium]
Cl. Reptilia Laurenti 1768 [reptile]
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G. †Anhomoiichnium Dozy 1935
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G. †Dimetropus Romer and Price 1940
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†Dimetropus berea Tilton 1931
†Dimetropus latus Heyler and Montenat 1980
Subcl. Eureptilia Olson 1947 [eureptile]
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Fm. †Protorothyrididae Price 1937
Unr. Romeriida Gauthier et al. 1988
G. †Thuringothyris Boy and Martens 1991
Invalid names: Captorhina Olson 1947 [empty], Parapsida Williston 1917 [empty]
G. Glauconia Gray 1845
G. †Ischyrotherium Leidy 1856
Subcl. Monozygocrotapha Nopcsa 1928
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Invalid names: Dranitesauria Nopcsa 1928 [empty], Pelycosauria Cope 1878 [empty]
G. †Oolithes Buckman 1859
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†Oolithes bathonicae Buckman 1859
†Oolithes nanhsiungensis Young 1965
†Oolithes obtusatus Carruthers 1871
†Oolithes sphaericus Carruthers 1871
Unr. Pantestudines Joyce et al. 2004
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G. †Eorhynchochelys Li et al. 2018
G. †Pappochelys Schoch and Sues 2015
Subcl. †Parareptilia Lawrence 1868 [parareptile]
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Unr. †Bolosauria Kuhn 1959
Superor. †Cheloniamorpha Ivakhnenko 1997
G. †Eunotosaurus Seeley 1892
G. †Kinelia Bulanov 2002
G. †Microleter Tsuji et al. 2010
Fm. †Millerettidae Romer 1956
Fm. †Nyctiphruretidae Efremov 1938
Superfm. †Procolophonoidea Romer 1956
Unr. †Procolophonomorpha Romer 1964
Subcl. †Poeciloglyptica Hay 1930
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Superor. †Catacritosauria Hay 1930
Superor. †Elpidosauria Hay 1930
Invalid names: Astatoglyptica Hay 1930 [empty]
G. †Polemarchus Hitchcock 1845
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†Polemarchus polemarchius Hitchcock 1837
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Invalid names: Polemarchus gigas Hitchcock 1845 [synonym]
Invalid names: Eupalamopus Hay 1902 [synonym], Palamopus Hitchcock 1848 [synonym]
Fm. †Rhynchosauroidae Haubold 1966
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G. †Palmichnus Schmidt 1959
G. †Paradoxichnium Müller 1959
G. †Phalangichnus Schmidt 1959
G. †Sillimanius Hitchcock 1845
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†Sillimanius gracilior Hitchcock 1841
†Sillimanius tetradactylus Hitchcock 1836
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Invalid names: Ornithopus gallinaceus Hitchcock 1845 [synonym]
Invalid names: Ornithopus Hitchcock 1845 [synonym]
Unr. Squamata Oppel 1811 [squamates]
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Unr. Anguimorpha Fürbringer 1900
G. †Anhuisaurus Hou 1974
G. †Anomalopsis
G. †Anqingosaurus Hou 1976
G. †Ardeosaurus von Meyer 1860
G. †Asagaolacerta Evans and Matusmoto 2015
G. †Bavarisaurus Hoffstetter 1953
G. †Changjiangosaurus Hou 1976
G. †Cryptovaranoides Whiteside et al. 2022
G. †Cuencasaurus Richter 1994
Fm. Dibamidae Boulenger 1884
Unr. Episquamata Pyron et al. 2013
Subor. Gekkonomorpha
G. †Hakuseps Evans and Matusmoto 2015
G. †Hongshanxi Dong et al. 2019
G. †Hoyalacerta Evans and Barbadillo 1999
G. †Huehuecuetzpalli Reynoso 1998
Unr. †Iguanomorpha Sukhanov 1961
G. †Jucaraseps Bolet and Evans 2012
G. †Kuroyuriella Evans and Matusmoto 2015
Subor. Lacertilia Owen 1842 [lizard]
G. †Liushusaurus Evans and Wang 2010
Fm. †Macrocnemidae Kuhn 1946
G. †Megachirella Renesto and Posenato 2003
G. †Moqisaurus Dong et al. 2023
Fm. †Mosasauridae Gervais 1852 [mosasaur]
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Invalid names: Clidastidae Cope 1869 [synonym], Edestosauridae Marsh 1876 [synonym], Globidensidae Dollo 1924 [synonym]
G. †Oculudentavis Xing et al. 2020
G. †Olindalacerta Evans and Yabumoto 1998
Subor. Ophidia Latreille 1804 [snake]
G. †Oxiella Evans 1998
G. †Paleochelco Martinelli et al. 2021
Unr. †Pangekkota Bauer 2020
Unr. †Panxenosaurus Smith and Gauthier 2013
G. †Paraplacosauriops Auge and Sullivan 2006
G. †Parasaurillus Evans and Searle 2002
G. †Parviraptor Evans 1994
G. †Pseudosaurillus Hoffstetter 1967
Unr. †Pythonomorpha Cope 1869
G. †Sauripes Lee et al. 2018
G. †Scandensia Evans and Barbadillo 1998
Unr. Scincogekkonomorpha Sukhanov 1961
Superfm. †Scincoidea Oppel 1811
Unr. †Scleroglossa Estes et al. 1988
G. †Tedorosaurus Shikama 1967
Fm. †Trachelosauridae Broili 1917
G. †Vialorophis
G. †Yabeinosaurus Endo and Shikama 1942
Invalid names: Ameivoidea Fitzinger 1826 [empty], Araeoscelomorphi Hay 1930 [empty], Draconoidea Fitzinger 1826 [empty], Haplodontosaurus Gilmore 1942 [nomen dubium], Harpagosaurus excedens Gilmore 1928 [nomen dubium], Iguana haueri Meyer 1842 [nomen dubium], Lacertibaenia Vidal and Hedges [empty], Paikasisaurus Yadagiri 1986 [nomen dubium], Palaeophidae [empty], Panscincoidea Brownstein et al. 2022 [empty], Panxantusiidae Gauthier et al. 2012 [empty], Thalattosauromorphi Hay 1930 [empty], Xestops gracilis Marsh 1872 [nomen dubium], Yabeinosaurus youngi Hoffstetter 1964 [nomen dubium], Zanclodontidae Marsh 1882 [empty]
G. †Steropoides Hitchcock 1845
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†Steropoides divaricatus Hitchcock 1837
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Invalid names: Ornithopus loripes Hitchcock 1848 [synonym], Tridentipes insignis Hitchcock 1858 [synonym]
†Steropoides ingens Hitchcock 1836
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Invalid names: Ornithoidichnites danae Hitchcock 1844 [synonym], Sillimanius adamsanus Hitchcock 1845 [synonym]
†Steropoides uncus Hitchcock 1858
Invalid names: Steropezoum Hitchcock 1848 [synonym], Tridentipes Hitchcock 1858 [synonym]
Unr. Testudinata Oppel 1811 [turtle]
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G. †Amblypus Hitchcock 1858
G. †Ancyropus Hitchcock 1845
Fm. †Australochelyidae Gaffney and Kitching 1994
G. †Australochelys Gaffney and Kitching 1994
G. †Chengyuchelys Young and Chow 1953
G. †Emydhipus Fuentes Vidarte et al. 2003
G. †Helcura Hitchcock 1848
Unr. †Helochelydridae Nopcsa 1928
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Invalid names: Solemydidae Lapparent de Broin and Murelaga 1996 [objective synonym]
G. †Kallokibotion Nopcsa 1923
Unr. †Mesochelydia Joyce 2017
G. †Palaeochersis Rougier et al. 1995
Unr. †Paracryptodira Gaffney 1975
Unr. †Perichelydia Joyce 2017
G. †Platycheloides Haughton 1928
Fm. †Proterochersidae Nopcsa 1928
G. †Saltosauropus Bernier et al. 1984
G. †Siamochelys Tong et al. 2002
Or. Testudines Batsch 1788 [turtle]
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Invalid names: Chelonia Latreille 1800 [synonym], Chelonii Latreille 1800 [synonym]
G. †Testudinites Weiss 1830
Fm. Testudofiexoolithidae Hirsch 1996
Fm. Testudoolithidae Hirsch 1996
Unr. †Thalassochelydia Anquetin et al. 2017
Subor. Thecophora Dollo
Invalid names: Aplax oberndorferi Meyer 1843 [nomen dubium], Athecae Cope 1871 [empty], Chelonipedidae Sarjeant and Langston 1994 [empty], Chelycarapookus Warren 1969 [nomen dubium], Chelycarapookus arcuatus Warren 1969 [nomen dubium], Chelys blakii Mackie 1863 [nomen dubium], Chengyuchelyidae Yeh 1990 [empty], Emys neumayri Seeley 1881 [nomen dubium], Emys paranensis Burmeister 1885 [nomen nudum], Heckerochelyidae Sukhanov 2006 [empty], Megasternon Gray 1842 [nomen nudum], Mongolochelyidae Sukhanov and Pozdnjakov [empty], Odontochelyidae Li et al. 2008 [empty], Platemys sehuensis Ameghino 1889 [nomen dubium], Protochelys Lydekker 1889 [nomen dubium], Testudo elata Gervais 1877 [nomen dubium], Testudo stricklandi Phillips 1871 [nomen dubium], Tretosternon punctatum Owen 1842 [nomen dubium], Trionyx mammillaris Cope 1877 [nomen nudum]
Subcl. †Theromorpha Cope 1878
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Subor. †Dromasauria Broom 1907
Unr. Eotherapsida Ivakhnenko 2003
Subor. †Styracocephalia Haughton 1929
Invalid names: Poliosauria Williston 1917 [empty], Protodonta Osborn 1888 [empty]
Invalid names: Atremata Hay 1930 [empty], Chelydosauria Cope 1898 [empty], Dipnoa Fitzinger 1826 [empty], Dravidosaurus Yadagiri and Ayyasami 1979 [nomen dubium], Dravidosaurus blanfordi Yadagiri and Ayyasami 1979 [nomen dubium], Enaliosauria Parkinson 1822 [empty], Holosauria Jaekel 1911 [empty], Hyperosauria Jaekel 1910 [empty], Ichthyosaurus inexpectatus Rusconi 1948 [nomen dubium], Lyognatha Jaekel 1910 [empty], Macelognatha Marsh 1884 [empty], Monotreta Hay 1930 [empty], Ornithocephala Bunzel 1870 [empty], Pessopteryx arctica Wiman 1910 [nomen dubium], Pessopteryx pinguis Wiman 1910 [nomen dubium], Placodontomorpha [empty], Plesiosaurus doedicomus Owen 1840 [nomen dubium], Proganosauromorpha Kuhn 1968 [empty], Proreptilia Haeckel 1876 [empty], Prosauria Gadow 1898 [empty], Protorosauria Jaekel 1910 [empty], Puercosaurus Williston 1916 [invalid subgroup], Puercosaurus obtusidens Williston 1916 [nomen dubium], Rhamphosauria Haeckel 1866 [empty], Saurichthys indicus de Koninck 1863 [nomen dubium], Saurophidia Gray [empty], Seps Laurenti 1768 [nomen oblitum], Svalbardosaurus Mazin 1981 [nomen dubium], Svalbardosaurus crassidens Mazin 1981 [nomen dubium]
Subcl. Synapsida Osborn 1903 [synapsid]
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G. †Asaphestera Steen 1934
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†Asaphestera platyris Steen 1934
Invalid names: Asaphestera intermedia Dawson 1894 [nomen dubium]
Unr. †Caseasauria Williston 1912
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Fm. †Caseidae Williston 1911
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G. †Alierasaurus Romano and Nicosia 2014
G. †Angelosaurus Olson and Beerbower 1953
G. †Arisierpeton Reisz 2019
G. †Callibrachion Boule and Glangeaud 1893
G. †Casea Williston 1910
G. †Caseoides Olson and Beerbower 1953
G. †Caseopsis Olson 1962
G. †Cotylorhynchus Stovall 1937
G. †Datheosaurus Schroeder 1905
G. †Ennatosaurus Efremov 1956
G. †Eocasea Reisz and Fröbisch 2014
G. †Euromycter Reisz et al. 2011
G. †Lalieudorhynchus Werneburg et al. 2022
G. †Martensius Berman et al. 2020
G. †Oromycter Reisz 2005
G. †Phreatophasma Efremov 1954
G. †Ruthenosaurus Reisz et al. 2011
Fm. †Eothyrididae Romer and Price 1940
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G. †Eothyris Romer 1937
G. †Oedaleops Langston 1965
G. †Vaughnictis Brocklehurst et al. 2016
Fm. †Chelichnopodidae Lockley 2011
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Subor. †Eupelycosauria Kemp 1982
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Fm. †Edaphosauridae Cope 1882
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G. †Bohemiclavulus Spindler et al. 2019
G. †Glaucosaurus Williston 1915
G. †Gordodon Lucas et al. 2018
G. †Ianthasaurus Reisz and Berman 1986
G. †Melanedaphodon Mann et al. 2023
G. †Ramodendron Švestka 1943
G. †Remigiomontanus Spindler et al. 2019
Invalid names: Naosauridae Case 1907 [synonym], Naosaurus raymondi Case 1908 [nomen vanum]
Unr. †Haptodontiformes Spindler 2015
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G. †Eohaptodus Spindler 2015
G. †Haptodus Gaudry 1886
G. †Hypselohaptodus Spindler 2015
G. †Kenomagnathus Spindler 2020
G. †Tenuacaptor Spindler 2015
Fm. †Ophiacodontidae Nopsca 1923 [ophiacodont]
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G. †Archaeothyris Reisz 1972
G. †Baldwinonus Romer and Price 1940
G. †Diopeus Cope 1892
G. †Elcabrosaurus Case 1907
G. †Ophiacodon Marsh 1878
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Invalid names: Poliosaurus Case 1907 [synonym], Theropleura Cope 1878 [synonym], Winfieldia Romer 1925 [synonym]
G. †Stereophallodon Romer 1937
G. †Stereorhachis Gaudry 1880
Invalid names: Clepsydropidae Cope 1878 [synonym], Poliosauridae Case 1907 [synonym]
Fm. †Varanopidae Romer and Price 1940
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G. †Apsisaurus Laurin 1991
G. †Archaeovenator Reisz and Dilkes 2003
G. †Ascendonanus Spindler et al. 2018
G. †Dendromaia Maddin et al. 2020
Unr. †Neovaranopsia Spindler et al. 2018
G. †Pyozia Anderson and Reisz 2004
Invalid names: Elliotsmithidae Broom 1937 [synonym], Mycterosaurinae Modesto et al. 2001 [empty], Thrausmosaurus Fox 1962 [invalid subgroup], Thrausmosaurus serratidens Fox 1962 [nomen dubium]
Or. †Pelycosauria Cope 1878 [pelycosaur]
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Subor. †Edaphosauria Cope 1882
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Invalid names: Glaucosauridae Huene 1925 [empty], Lupeosauridae Romer and Price 1940 [empty], Nitosauridae Romer and Price 1940 [empty]
Subor. †Ophiacodontia Romer and Price 1940
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Invalid names: Tetraceratopsidae Kuhn 1964 [empty], Varanopoidea Romer and Price 1940 [empty]
Invalid names: Caseamorpha Kemp 1982 [empty]
Unr. Therapsida Broom 1905 [therapsid]
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Or. †Anomodontia Owen 1859
+
Unr. †Anomocephaloidea Cisneros et al. 2011
G. †Anomocephalus Modesto et al. 1999
G. †Aulacocephalodon Seeley 1898
G. †Bainia Broom 1921
G. †Biseridens Li and Cheng 1997
Unr. †Chainosauria Nopcsa 1923
Fm. †Cryptodontidae Owen 1859
G. †Diaelurodon Broom 1911
Subor. †Dicynodontia Owen 1859 [dicynodont]
Or. †Dicynodontia Owen 1859 [dicynodont]
G. †Emydochampsa Broom 1912
G. †Neomegacyclops Boonstra 1953
G. †Prodicynodon Broom 1904
Subor. †Ulemicia Ivakhnenko 2003
Infraor. †Venyukovioidea Watson and Romer 1956
Invalid names: Biseridensidae Li and Cheng 1997 [invalid subgroup], Dicynodontiformes Hay 1930 [empty], Otsheriidae Tcshudinov 1960 [empty], Therosuchia Seeley 1895 [empty], Venyukovioidea Watson and Romer 1956 [empty]
Infraor. †Biarmosuchia Sigogneau-Russell 1989
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G. †Biarmosuchus Chudinov 1960
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Invalid names: Biarmosaurus Chudinov 1960 [synonym], Eotitanosuchus Tchudinov 1960 [synonym], Ivantosaurus Chudinov 1983 [synonym]
Unr. †Burnetiamorpha Broom 1923
G. †Herpetoskylax Sidor and Rubidge 2006
G. †Hipposaurus Haughton 1929
G. †Ictidorhinus Broom 1913
G. †Wantulignathus Whitney and Sidor 2016
Invalid names: Biarmosuchidae Olson 1962 [empty], Hipposauridae Watson and Romer 1956 [empty], Rubidgina Broom 1942 [nomen dubium], Rubidgina angusticeps Broom 1942 [nomen dubium]
G. †Brontopus Heyler and Lessertisseur 1963
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†Brontopus antecursor Ellenberger 1983
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Invalid names: Eocynodontipus sibleyrasi Ellenberger 1983 [synonym], Planipes brachydactylus Gand et al. 2000 [synonym], Planipes caudatus Demathieu and Gand 1995 [synonym], Pseudopithecopus recurvidigitus Ellenberger 1983 [synonym]
†Brontopus giganteus Heyler and Lessertisseur 1963
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Invalid names: Brontopus circagiganteus Gand et al. 2000 [synonym], Moschopus enormis Ellenberger 1983 [synonym]
Invalid names: Eocynodontipus Ellenberger 1983 [synonym], Moschopus Ellenberger 1983 [synonym], Pseudopithecopus Ellenberger 1983 [synonym]
Infraor. Cynodontia Owen 1861 [cynodont]
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G. †Aelurosuchus Broom 1906
Fm. †Charassognathidae Kammerer 2016
Fm. †Chronoperatidae Fox et al. 1992
G. †Cromptodon Bonaparte 1972
G. †Dromatherium Emmons 1857
Fm. †Dviniidae Tatarinov 1968
Unr. Epicynodontia Hopson and Kitching 2001
G. †Gaumia Hahn et al. 1987
G. †Hahnia Godefroit and Battail 1997
G. †Hwanghocynodon Young 1979
G. †Kunminia Young 1947
Fm. †Madysauridae Tatarinov 2005
Unr. Mammaliamorpha Rowe 1988 [mammaliamorph]
G. Mitredon Shapiro and Jenkins 2001
G. †Nythosaurus Owen 1859
Fm. †Therioherpetidae Battail 1991
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Invalid names: Therioherpetodontidae Bonaparte and Barberena 1975 [synonym]
Fm. †Thrinaxodontidae Watson and Romer 1956
Fm. †Tritylodontidae Cope 1884
Invalid names: Cynognathidae [empty], Cynognathoidea Brink 1963 [empty], Gomphodontidae [empty], Masitisitherium Ellenberger 1970 [nomen nudum], Riograndidae Bonaparte et al. 2001 [empty]
G. †Dicynodontipus Rühle von Lilienstern 1944
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†Dicynodontipus bellambiensis Retallack 1996
†Dicynodontipus geinitzi Hornstein 1876
†Dicynodontipus hildburghausensis Rühle von Lilienstern 1944
†Dicynodontipus penugnu da Silva et al. 2012
Invalid names: Calibarichnus Casamiquela 1964 [synonym], Gallegosichnus Casamiquela 1964 [synonym], Palaciosichnus Casamiquela 1964 [synonym], Rogerbaletichnus Casamiquela 1964 [synonym], Stipanicichnus Casamiquela 1975 [synonym]
Subor. †Eotheriodontia Olson 1962
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Infraor. †Phthinosuchia Romer 1961
Invalid names: Eotitanosuchia Boonstra 1963 [empty]
Subor. †Gorgonopsia Seeley 1894
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G. †Cerdodon Broom 1915
G. †Cyniscops Broom 1937
G. †Dixeya Haughton 1926
G. †Eriphostoma Broom 1911
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Invalid names: Eoarctops Haughton 1929 [synonym], Galesuchus Haughton 1915 [synonym], Scylacognathus Broom 1913 [synonym]
Infraor. †Estemmenosuchida Ivakhnenko 2003
Infraor. †Gorgonopida Ivakhnenko 2003
Fm. †Gorgonopidae Lydekker 1890
Infraor. †Ictidorhinida Ivakhnenko 2003
G. †Karoopes Marchetti et al. 2019
Infraor. †Nikkasaurida Ivakhnenko 2008
G. †Nochnitsa Kammerer and Masyutin 2018
G. †Phorcys Kammerer and Rubidge 2022
G. †Viatkogorgon Tatarinov 1999
Invalid names: Broomisaurus planiceps Broom 1913 [nomen dubium], Cynarioides gracilis Broom 1930 [nomen dubium], Cyniscodon Broom 1905 [nomen dubium], Cyniscodon lydekkeri Broom 1905 [nomen dubium], Cynodraco Owen 1876 [nomen dubium], Cynodraco major Owen 1876 [nomen dubium], Cynodraco serridens Owen [nomen dubium], Galesuchidae Watson and Romer 1956 [empty], Hipposaurus kitchingi Broom 1948 [nomen dubium], Scylacognathus major Broom 1935 [nomen dubium], Watongiidae Sigogneau-Russell 1989 [empty]
G. †Stathmodon Hennig 1922
Or. †Therocephalia Broom 1903
+
Fm. †Alopecodontidae Broom 1932
G. †Alopecorhinus Broom 1912
Subor. †Bauriida Broom 1911
Fm. †Crapartinellidae Mendrez 1975
Unr. †Eutherocephalia Hopson and Barghusen 1986
G. †Gorynychus Kammerer and Masyutin 2018
G. †Ictidognathus Broom 1911
Subor. †Lycosuchida Ivakhnenko 2011
G. †Mirotenthes Attridge 1956
Fm. †Pristerognathidae Broom 1908
Subor. †Pristerosaurida Tatarinov 2008
G. †Scylacoides Broom 1915
Subor. †Scylacosaurida Ivakhnenko 2011
G. †Tigrisuchus Owen 1876
G. †Trochosuchus Broom 1908
G. †Yikezhaogia Li 1984
Invalid names: Alopecopsidae Haughton 1924 [empty], Arnognathus Broom 1907 [invalid subgroup], Arnognathus parvidens Broom 1907 [invalid subgroup], Euchambersiidae Boonstra 1934 [empty], Pristerosauria Hopson and Barghausen 1986 [empty], Regisauridae Hopson and Barghausen 1986 [empty], Simorhinellidae Mendrez 1975 [empty]
G. †Tricuspes von Huene 1933
+
†Tricuspes sigogneauae Hahn 1994
†Tricuspes tapeinodon Godefroit and Battail 1997
†Tricuspes tuebingensis Huene 1933
Subor. †Tritylodontia Olson 1966
+
G. †Triglyphus Fraas 1866
Invalid names: Mucrotherium Huene 1933 [nomen dubium], Uniserium Huene 1933 [nomen dubium]
Invalid names: Novocynodon kutorgai Ivakhnenko 2012 [nomen dubium], Rubidginia Huene 1954 [empty]
Invalid names: Ophiacomorpha Ivakhnenko 2008 [empty], Protherosauria Osborn 1902 [replaced]
Invalid names: Dicondylia Haeckel 1866 [empty], Euamniota Gardiner 1982 [empty], Monocondylia Haeckel 1866 [empty], Plagiaulax dawsoni Woodward 1891 [nomen dubium]
Or. †Captorhinomorpha Watson 1917
+
G. †Anomalopus Gilmore 1927
+
†Anomalopus kablikae Geinitz 1882
†Anomalopus sturdevanti Gilmore 1927
G. †Asperipes Matthew 1903
+
†Asperipes aduncus Branson 1910
†Asperipes avipes Matthew 1903
†Asperipes flexilis Matthew 1904
G. †Pseudobradypus Matthew 1903
+
†Pseudobradypus caudifer Dawson 1895
†Pseudobradypus unguifer Dawson 1872
Invalid names: Eunotosauridae Nopcsa 1923 [empty], Paracaptorhinidae Huene 1956 [empty]
Subor. †Conodectiformes Hay 1930
+
Fm. †Conodectidae Hay 1930
+
G. †Conodectes Cope 1896
+
†Conodectes favosus Cope 1896
Invalid names: Desmospondylus Williston 1910 [synonym]
Unr. †Diadectomorpha Watson 1917
+
Fm. †Diadectidae Cope 1880
+
G. †Animasaurus Case and Williston 1912
G. †Diadectes Cope 1878
+
†Diadectes absitus Berman et al. 1998
†Diadectes alatus Cope 1878
†Diadectes carinatus Case and Williston 1912
†Diadectes cretin Case 1911
†Diadectes fissus Cope 1883
†Diadectes lentus Marsh 1878
†Diadectes molaris Cope 1878
†Diadectes sideropelicus Cope 1878
+
Invalid names: Diadectes biculminatus Cope 1896 [synonym], Diadectes latibuccatus Cope 1878 [synonym], Diadectes phaseolinus Cope 1880 [synonym], Diadectes rapidens Cope 1878 [synonym], Empedias alatus Cope 1878 [synonym], Empedias fissus Cope 1883 [synonym], Empedocles molaris Cope 1878 [synonym], Helodectes isaaci Cope 1880 [synonym], Helodectes paridens Cope 1880 [synonym]
†Diadectes tenuitectes Cope 1896
+
Invalid names: Diadectes huenei Broom 1914 [synonym], Diadectes maximus Case 1910 [synonym], Diadectoides cretin Case 1911 [synonym]
†Diadectes tenuitectus Cope 1896
†Diadectes zenos Case 1910
Invalid names: Empedocles Cope 1878 [synonym], Nothodon Marsh 1878 [synonym], Silvadectes Kissel 2010 [nomen nudum]
G. †Diadectoides Case 1911
G. †Diasparactus Case 1910
G. †Empedias Cope 1883
G. †Ichniotherium Pohlig 1892
+
†Ichniotherium cottae Pohlig 1885
†Ichniotherium gilmorei Haubold 1971
†Ichniotherium sphaerodactylum Pabst 1895
Invalid names: Nothodontidae Marsh 1878 [synonym]
Subor. †Diadectoidea Romer 1956
+
Fm. †Stephanospondylidae Stappenbeck 1905
+
Invalid names: Diadecta Olson 1947 [synonym], Korynichniidae Lotze 1928 [empty]
Fm. †Limnoscelidae Williston 1911
+
G. †Limnoscelis Williston 1911
+
†Limnoscelis dynatis Berman and Sumida 1990
†Limnoscelis paludis Williston 1911
Invalid names: Limnoscelops Lewis and Vaughn 1965 [nomen dubium], Limnoscelops longifemur Lewis and Vaughn 1965 [nomen dubium], Millerinidae Broom 1938 [empty]
G. †Gilmoreichnus Haubold 1971
+
†Gilmoreichnus brachydactylus Pabst 1908
†Gilmoreichnus hermitanus Gilmore 1927
G. †Procolophonipus von Lilienstern 1939
+
†Procolophonipus italicus Huene 1941
†Procolophonipus vonhuenei Bock 1952
Invalid names: Captorhiniformes Hay 1930 [empty], Datheosauri Jaekel 1911 [empty], Diadectiformes Hay 1930 [empty], Diadectosauria Case 1911 [empty], Labidosauria Williston [empty], Limnoscelia [empty], Pantyloidea Nopcsa 1928 [empty], Pareiasauriformes Hay 1930 [empty], Sauraviformes Hay 1930 [empty], Solenodonsauridae Broili 1924 [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available