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Pancarnivora

Mammalia

Taxonomy
Pancarnivora was named by Flynn et al. (2020). It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Flynn et al. (2020).

It was assigned to Ferae by Flynn et al. (2020).

Subtaxa
Carnivoramorpha, Hyaenodonta, Oxyaenodonta
Sister taxa
Carnivoramorpha, Oxyaenodonta

Synonymy list
YearName and author
2020Pancarnivora Flynn et al.

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RankNameAuthor
kingdomAnimalia()
—Bilateria
—EubilateriaAx 1987
—Deuterostomia
phylumChordataHaeckel 1874
subphylumVertebrata
superclassGnathostomata
—Osteichthyes()
subclassSarcopterygii()
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha(Nelson 2006)
subclassTetrapodomorpha()
—Tetrapoda
—Reptiliomorpha
—Anthracosauria
subclassAmphibiosauriaKuhn 1967
—Cotylosauria()
—Amniota
subclassSynapsida
RankNameAuthor
—Therapsida()
infraorderCynodontia()
—Mammaliamorpha
—Mammaliaformes
classMammalia
—Cladotheria
—Zatheria
subclassTribosphenida()
subclassTheria
—Eutheria()
—Placentalia
—Boreoeutheria
—Laurasiatheria
—Scrotifera
—Ferae()
—Pancarnivora
—Pancarnivora

If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.

Unr. Pancarnivora Flynn et al. 2020
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Unr. Carnivoramorpha Wyss and Flynn 1993
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Unr. †Carnivoraformes Flynn et al.
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G. †Africtis Mattingly et al. 2020
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†Africtis sirtensis Mattingly et al. 2020
Or. Carnivora Bowdich 1821 [carnivoran]
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G. †Adracon Filhol 1884
Fm. Canidae Fischer de Waldheim 1817 [canid]
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Subfm. †Borophaginae Simpson 1945 [bone-crushing dog]
Subfm. Caninae Gill 1872 [canine]
G. †Chailicyon Chow 1975
G. †Cubacyon Arredondo and Varona 1974
G. Cuon Hodgson 1838 [dhole]
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Invalid names: Anurocyon Heude 1888 [synonym], Chrysaeus Smith 1839 [synonym], Crassicuon Kretzoi 1941 [synonym], Cyon Agassiz 1846 [objective synonym], Primaevus Gray 1843 [synonym], Semicuon Kretzoi 1941 [synonym]
G. †Cynotherium Studiati 1857
G. Dysodus Cope 1879
Subfm. †Hesperocyoninae Tedford 1978
G. †Hydrocyon Lartet 1851
G. †Icticyon Lund 1839
G. Lupulella Hilzheimer 1906
G. †Lupus
G. Lycaon Brookes 1827
G. †Lycorus Bourguignat 1875
G. †Palaeocyon Lund 1843
G. †Plesiocyon Schlosser 1887
G. Schaeffia Hilzheimer 1906
G. Simenia Gray
G. †Synagodus Cope 1879
G. Thous Hamilton Smith 1839
G. Vulpes Frisch 1775 [fox]
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Invalid names: Alopex Kaup 1829 [synonym], Cynalopex Smith 1839 [synonym], Fennecus Desmarest 1804 [synonym], Leucocyon Woldrich 1868 [synonym], Mamvulpesus Herrera 1899 [synonym], Megalotis Smith 1839 [synonym], Vulpis Gray 1821 [synonym], Xenalopex Kretzoi 1954 [synonym]
Invalid names: Amphicyon angustidens Marsh 1871 [nomen vanum], Otocyoninae Trouessart 1885 [empty]
Subor. Caniformia Kretzoi 1943
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Fm. †Amphicyonidae Haeckel 1886 [bear-dog]
Infraor. Canoidea Simpson 1931
G. †Lycophocyon Tomiya 2011
Invalid names: Cynoidea Flower 1869 [empty]
Subor. Feliformia Kretzoi 1945
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Infraor. Aeluroida Flynn and Galiano 1982
Unr. Aeluroidea Flower 1869
G. †Alagtsavbaatar Egi et al. 2016
G. †Asiavorator Spassov and Lange-Badré 1995
Superfm. Feloidea Hay 1930
Fm. Nandiniidae Pocock 1929
Fm. †Nimravidae Cope 1880 [false sabre-tooth]
Fm. †Palaeogalidae Martin and Lim 2001
Invalid names: Didymictida Flynn and Galiano 1982 [empty]
Subor. Fissipedia Blumenbach 1791
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Invalid names: Arctictidae Cope 1889 [empty], Bassarididae Cope 1889 [empty], Cynictidae Cope 1882 [empty]
G. †Monachiopsis Kretzoi 1941
Fm. †Percrocutidae Werdelin and Solounias 1991
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G. †Dinocrocuta Schmidt-Kittler 1976
G. †Percrocuta Kretzoi 1938
G. †Pseudailurus Gervais 1848
G. †Pristinictis Fox and Youzwyshyn 1994
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†Pristinictis connata Fox and Youzwyshyn 1994
G. †Ravenictis Fox and Youzwyshyn 1994
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†Ravenictis krausei Fox and Youzwyshyn 1994
Invalid names: Eosictis Scott 1945 [nomen dubium], Felidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Miacoidea Cope [empty], Phocidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Protelidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Protoferi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Ursina Gray 1825 [empty], Ursocanidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Viverra memphitis Linnaeus 1758 [nomen vanum]
G. †Dormaalocyon Solé et al. 2014
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†Dormaalocyon latouri Quinet 1966
G. †Gracilocyon Smith and Smith 2010
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†Gracilocyon igniculus Beard and Dawson 2009
†Gracilocyon rosei Heinrich et al. 2008
†Gracilocyon rundlei Hooker 2010
†Gracilocyon solei Smith and Smith 2010
†Gracilocyon winkleri Gingerich 1983
G. Lycarion Matthew 1909
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†Lycarion medius Matthew 1909
Fm. †Miacidae Cope 1880
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G. †Eogale Beard and Dawson 2009
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†Eogale parydros Beard and Dawson 2009
Subfm. †Miacinae Cope 1880
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G. †Paroodectes Springhorn 1980
G. †Miocyon Matthew 1909
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†Miocyon magnus Bryant 1992
†Miocyon major Matthew 1909
†Miocyon scotti Wortman and Matthew 1899
†Miocyon vallisrubrae Friscia and Rasmussen 2010
G. †Pappidictops Chiu and Li 1977
G. †Simamphicyon Viret 1942
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†Simamphicyon helveticus Pictet and Humbert 1869
Subfm. †Viverravinae Matthew 1909
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G. †Pappictidops Qiu and Li 1977
G. †Miacis Cope 1872
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†Miacis bathygnathus Scott 1888
†Miacis boqinghensis Huang et al. 1999
†Miacis deutschi Gingerich 1983
†Miacis edax Leidy 1872
†Miacis exiguus Matthew and Granger 1915
†Miacis gracilis Clark 1939
†Miacis hookwayi Stock 1934
†Miacis invictus Matthew and Granger 1925
†Miacis latidens Matthew and Granger 1915
†Miacis lushiensis Chow 1975
†Miacis parvivorus Cope 1872
†Miacis petilus Gingerich 1983
†Miacis rundlei Hooker 2010
†Miacis vorax Leidy 1872
†Miacis vulpinus Scott and Osborn 1887
Invalid names: Harpalodon Marsh 1872 [synonym], Prodaphaenus Wortman and Matthew 1899 [synonym]
G. †Neovulpavus Wortman 1901
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†Neovulpavus mccarrolli Tomiya et al. 2021
†Neovulpavus washakius Wortman 1901
G. †Palaearctonyx Matthew 1909
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†Palaearctonyx meadi Matthew 1909
G. †Paramiacis Filhol 1876
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†Paramiacis exilis Filhol 1876
†Paramiacis teilhardi Mathis 1987
G. †Procynodictis Wortman and Matthew 1899
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†Procynodictis vulpiceps Wortman and Matthew 1899
Invalid names: Plesiomiacis Simpson 1945 [synonym]
G. †Quercygale Kretzoi 1945
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†Quercygale angustidens Filhol 1872
†Quercygale hastingsae Davies 1884
†Quercygale helvetica Rütimeyer 1862
†Quercygale smithi Solé 2014
Invalid names: Humbertia De Beaumont 1965 [objective synonym]
G. †Uintacyon Leidy 1873
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†Uintacyon acutus Thorpe 1923
†Uintacyon asodes Gazin 1952
†Uintacyon gingerichi Heinrich et al. 2008
†Uintacyon hookeri Solé 2014
†Uintacyon jugulans Matthew 1909
†Uintacyon rudis Rose 1981
G. †Vassacyon Matthew 1909
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†Vassacyon bowni Heinrich et al. 2008
†Vassacyon prieuri Solé et al. 2016
†Vassacyon promicrodon Wortman and Matthew 1899
†Vassacyon taxidiotis Solé et al. 2013
G. †Vulpavus Marsh 1871
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Subg. †Vulpavus (Phlaodectes) Matthew 1909
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†Vulpavus australis Matthew and Granger 1915
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Invalid names: Vulpavus asius Gazin 1952 [synonym]
†Vulpavus canavus Cope 1881
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Invalid names: Miacis brevirostris Cope 1881 [synonym]
†Vulpavus completus Matthew 1909
†Vulpavus farsonensis Gunnell 1998
†Vulpavus hargeri Wortman 1901
†Vulpavus ovatus Matthew 1909
†Vulpavus palustris Marsh 1871
†Vulpavus profectus Matthew 1909
G. †Xinyuictis Zheng et al. 1975
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†Xinyuictis tenuis Zheng et al. 1975
G. †Zodiocyon Tong and Wang 2006
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†Zodiocyon zetesios Tong and Wang 2006
G. †Dawsonicyon Spaulding et al. 2010
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†Dawsonicyon isami Spaulding et al. 2010
G. †Oodectes Wortman 1901
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†Oodectes herpestoides Wortman 1901
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Invalid names: Oodectes proximus Matthew 1909 [synonym], Paeneprolimnocyon amissadomus Guthrie 1967 [synonym], Triacodon nanus Marsh 1872 [synonym]
†Oodectes jepseni Guthrie 1967
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Invalid names: Paeneprolimnocyon iudei Guthrie 1967 [synonym]
†Oodectes pugnax Wortman and Matthew 1899
Invalid names: Paeneprolimnocyon Guthrie 1967 [synonym]
G. †Tapocyon Stock 1934
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†Tapocyon dawsonae Wesley and Flynn 2003
†Tapocyon robustus Peterson 1919
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Invalid names: Tapocyon occidentalis Stock 1934 [synonym]
Fm. †Viverravidae Wortman and Matthew 1899
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G. †Didymictis Cope 1875
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†Didymictis altidens Cope 1880
†Didymictis dellensis Dorr 1952
†Didymictis leptomylus Cope 1880
†Didymictis protenus Cope 1874
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Invalid names: Didymictis curtidens Cope 1882 [synonym]
†Didymictis proteus Polly 1997
†Didymictis vancleveae Robinson 1966
G. †Orientictis Huang and Zheng 2005
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†Orientictis spanios Huang and Zheng 2005
G. †Preonictis Tong and Wang 2006
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†Preonictis youngi Tong and Wang 2006
G. †Protictis Matthew
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Subg. †Protictis (Bryanictis) MacIntyre 1966
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†Bryanictis microlestes Simpson 1935
†Bryanictis paulus Meehan and Wilson 2002
Subg. †Protictis (Protictis) Matthew 1937
Subg. †Protictis (Protictoides) Flynn and Galiano 1982
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†Protictoides aprophatos Flynn and Galiano 1982
†Protictis agastor Gingerich and Winkler 1985
†Protictis haydenianus Cope 1882
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Invalid names: Didymictis primus Cope 1884 [synonym], Prolimnocyon macfaddeni Rigby, Jr. 1980 [synonym]
†Protictis minor Meehan and Wilson 2002
†Protictis paralus Holtzman 1978
†Protictis simpsoni Meehan and Wilson 2002
G. †Simpsonictis MacIntyre 1962
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†Simpsonictis jaynanneae Rigby, Jr. 1980
†Simpsonictis pegus Gingerich and Winkler 1985
†Simpsonictis tenuis Simpson 1935
G. †Variviverra Tong and Wang 2006
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†Variviverra vegetatus Tong and Wang 2006
G. †Viverravus Marsh 1872
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†Viverravus acutus Matthew and Granger 1915
†Viverravus gracilis Marsh 1872
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Invalid names: Didymictis dawkinsianus Cope 1881 [synonym], Harpalodon vulpinus Marsh 1872 [synonym], Triacodon fallax Marsh 1871 [synonym], Ziphacodon rugatus Marsh 1872 [synonym]
†Viverravus lawsoni Hooker 2010
†Viverravus laytoni Gingerich and Winkler 1985
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Invalid names: Viverravus bowni Gingerich 1987 [synonym]
†Viverravus lutosus Gazin 1952
†Viverravus minutus Wortman 1901
†Viverravus nitidus Marsh 1872
†Viverravus politus Matthew and Granger 1915
†Viverravus rosei Polly 1997
†Viverravus schaffi Gingerich and Winkler 1985
†Viverravus sicarius Matthew 1909
Invalid names: Ziphacodon Marsh 1872 [synonym]
G. †Viverriscus Beard and Dawson 2009
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†Viverriscus omnivorus Beard and Dawson 2009
Invalid names: Deltatherium durini Van Valen 1978 [nomen dubium], Didymictidae Flynn and Galiano 1982 [synonym]
Or. †Hyaenodonta Van Valen 1967
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G. †Eoproviverra Solé et al. 2014
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†Eoproviverra eisenmanni Godinot 1981
Superfm. †Hyaenodontoidea Leidy 1869
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Fm. †Hyaenodontidae Leidy 1869
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G. †Acrohyaenodon Ameghino 1904
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†Acrohyaenodon acutidens Rovereto 1914
†Acrohyaenodon pungens Ameghino 1904
G. †Ahknatenavus Holroyd 1999
Subfm. †Arfiinae Solé et al. 2014
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G. †Arfia Van Valen 1965
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Invalid names: Anthracoxyaena Tong and Wang 2006 [synonym]
G. †Boritia Solé et al. 2014
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†Boritia duffaudi Solé et al. 2014
G. †Cartierodon Solé and Mennecart 2019
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†Cartierodon egerkingensis Solé and Mennecart 2019
G. †Cynohyaenodon Filhol 1873
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†Cynohyaenodon cayluxi Filhol 1873
†Cynohyaenodon lautricensis Lange-Badré 1978
†Cynohyaenodon magnus Crochet 1988
†Cynohyaenodon minor Filhol 1877
†Cynohyaenodon ruetimeyeri Lange-Badré 1979
†Cynohyaenodon trux Solé et al. 2014
Invalid names: Pseudosinopa Deperet 1917 [synonym]
G. †Eurotherium Polly and Lange-Badré 1993
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†Eurotherium matthesi Lange-Badré and Haubold 1990
†Eurotherium theriodis Van Valen 1965
Subfm. †Hyaenodontinae Trouessart 1885
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G. †Hyaenodon Laizer and Parieu 1838
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Invalid names: Protohyaenodon Stock 1933 [synonym], Pseudopterodon Schlosser 1887 [synonym], Taxotherium Blainville 1841 [synonym]
G. †Isphanatherium Lavrov and Averianov 1998
G. †Megalopterodon Dashzeveg 1964
G. †Neoparapterodon Lavrov 1996
G. †Propterodon Martin 1906
Subfm. †Indohyaenodontinae Solé et al. 2014
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G. †Indohyaenodon Bajpai et al. 2009
G. †Yarshea Egi et al. 2004
G. †Ischnognathus Stovall 1948
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†Ischnognathus savagei Stovall 1948
Subfm. †Koholiinae Crochet 1988
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G. †Boualitomus Gheerbrant et al. 2006
G. †Koholia Crochet 1988
G. †Lahimia Solé et al. 2009
G. †Leonhardtina Matthes 1952
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†Leonhardtina godinoti Solé et al. 2014
†Leonhardtina gracilis Matthes 1952
†Leonhardtina meridianum Solé et al. 2020
G. †Matthodon Lange-Badré and Haubold 1990
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†Matthodon menui Rich 1971
†Matthodon peignei Solé et al. 2020
†Matthodon tritens Lange-Badré and Haubold 1990
G. †Neohyaenodon Thorpe 1922
G. †Oxyaenoides Matthes 1967
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†Oxyaenoides aumelasiensis Solé et al. 2020
†Oxyaenoides bicuspidens Matthes 1967
†Oxyaenoides lindgreni Rich 1971
†Oxyaenoides schlosseri Rütimeyer 1891
Invalid names: Francotherium Rich 1971 [synonym]
G. †Paracynohyaenodon Martin 1906
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†Paracynohyaenodon magnus Crochet 1991
G. †Preregidens Solé et al. 2015
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†Preregidens langebadrae Solé et al. 2015
Unr. †Prionogalidae Morales et al. 2008
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G. †Namasector Morales et al. 2008
G. †Prionogale Schmidt-Kittler and Heizmann 1991
G. †Prodissopsalis Matthes 1950
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†Prodissopsalis eocaenicus Matthes 1952
Invalid names: Imperatoria Matthes 1952 [synonym]
G. †Protopsalis Cope 1880
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†Protopsalis tigrinus Cope 1880
G. †Quercytherium Filhol 1880
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†Quercytherium simplicidens Solé et al. 2014
†Quercytherium tenebrosum Solé et al. 2014
G. †Schizophagus Lange-Badre 1975
Subfm. †Sinopinae Solé et al. 2014
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G. †Acarictis Gingerich and Deutsch 1989
G. †Galecyon Gingerich and Deutsch 1989
G. †Gazinocyon Polly 1996
G. †Prototomus Cope 1874
G. †Proviverroides Bown 1982
G. †Pyrocyon Gingerich and Deutsch 1989
G. †Sinopa Leidy 1871
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Invalid names: Stypolophus Cope 1871 [synonym], Triacodon Marsh 1871 [synonym]
G. †Tritemnodon Matthew 1906
G. †Thereutherium Filhol 1876
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†Thereutherium thylacodes Filhol 1876
G. †Tinerhodon Gheerbrant 1995
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†Tinerhodon disputatus Gheerbrant 1995
Invalid names: Hyaenaelurinae Pilgrim 1932 [empty]
Subfm. †Proviverrinae Schlosser 1886
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G. †Alienetherium Lange-Badre 1981
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†Alienetherium buxwilleri Lange-Badré 1981
G. †Allopterodon Ginsburg 1978
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†Allopterodon bulbosus Lange-Badré 1979
†Allopterodon minor Lange-Badré 1979
†Allopterodon torvidus Van Valen 1965
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Invalid names: Prodissopsalis phonax Van Valen 1965 [synonym]
Invalid names: Hurzelerius Lange-Badré 1984 [synonym]
G. †Consobrinus Lange-Badre 1979
G. †Lesmesodon Morlo and Habersetzer 1999
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†Lesmesodon behnkeae Morlo and Habersetzer 1999
†Lesmesodon edingeri Morlo and Habersetzer 1999
G. †Minimovellentodon Solé et al. 2014
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†Minimovellentodon russelli Solé et al. 2014
G. †Morlodon Solé 2013
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†Morlodon vellerei Solé 2013
G. †Paenoxyaenoides Lange-Badre 1979
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†Paenoxyaenoides liguritor Lange-Badré 1979
G. †Parvagula Lange-Badré 1987
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†Parvagula palulae Lange-Badré 1987
G. †Praecodens Lange-Badre 1981
G. †Proviverra Rütimeyer 1862
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†Proviverra americana Scott 1892
†Proviverra americanus Scott 1892
†Proviverra edingeri Springhorn 1982
†Proviverra longipes Peterson 1919
†Proviverra typica Rütimeyer 1862
Invalid names: Geiselotherium Matthes 1952 [synonym], Mimocyon Peterson 1919 [synonym], Prorhyzaena Rutimeyer 1891 [synonym]
Superfm. †Hyainailouroidea Borths et al. 2016
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Unr. †Hyainailouridae Solé et al. 2015
+
+
G. †Apterodon Fischer 1880
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Invalid names: Dasyurodon Andreae 1887 [synonym]
G. †Quasiapterodon Lavrov 1999
Unr. †Hyainailourinae Pilgrim 1932
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G. †Akhnatenavus Holroyd 1999
G. †Hemipsalodon Cope 1885
Tr. †Hyainailourini Ginsburg 1980
G. †Hyainailouros Stehlin 1907
G. †Isohyaenodon Savage 1965
G. †Kerberos Solé et al. 2015
G. †Leakitherium Savage 1965
G. †Megistotherium Savage 1973
G. †Metapterodon Stromer 1923
G. †Mlanyama Rasmussen and Gutierrez 2009
G. †Orienspterodon Egi et al. 2007
G. †Parapterodon Lange-Badre 1979
Tr. †Paroxyaenini Lavrov 2007
G. †Parvavorodon Solé et al. 2014
G. †Pterodon Blainville 1839
G. †Simbakubwa Borths and Stevens 2019
Invalid names: Dissopsalini Morales and Pickford 2017 [empty], Metapterodontini Morales and Pickford 2017 [empty], Pterodontinae Polly 1996 [synonym]
G. †Kyawdawia Egi et al. 2005
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†Kyawdawia lupina Egi et al. 2005
G. †Metasinopa Osborn 1909
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†Metasinopa fraasii Osborn 1909
†Metasinopa napaki Savage 1965
†Metasinopa osborni Holroyd 1994
G. †Paratritemnodon Ranga Rao 1973
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†Paratritemnodon indicus Ranga Rao 1973
†Paratritemnodon jandewalensis Thewissen et al. 2001
Unr. †Teratodontinae Savage 1965
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G. †Anasinopa Savage 1965
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†Anasinopa haasi Tchernov 1987
†Anasinopa leakeyi Savage 1965
G. †Brychotherium Holroyd 1994
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†Brychotherium atrox Holroyd 1994
†Brychotherium ephalmos Holroyd 1994
†Brychotherium ethiopica Andrews 1906
G. †Buhakia Morlo et al. 2007
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†Buhakia moghraensis Morlo et al. 2007
G. †Dissopsalis Pilgrim 1910
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†Dissopsalis carnifex Pilgrim 1910
G. †Ekweeconfractus Flink et al. 2021
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†Ekweeconfractus amorui Flink et al. 2021
G. †Furodon Solé et al. 2014
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†Furodon crocheti Solé et al. 2014
G. †Glibzegdouia Crochet et al. 2001
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†Glibzegdouia tabelbalaensis Crochet et al. 2001
G. †Masrasector Simons and Gingerich 1974
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†Masrasector aegypticum Simons and Gingerich 1974
†Masrasector ligabuei Crochet et al. 1990
†Masrasector nananubis Borths and Seiffert 2017
G. †Pakakali Borths and Stevens 2017
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†Pakakali rukwaensis Borths and Stevens 2017
G. †Teratodon Savage 1965
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†Teratodon enigmae Savage 1965
†Teratodon spekei Savage 1965
Subfm. †Limnocyoninae Wortman 1902
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G. †Iridodon Morlo and Gunnell 2003
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†Iridodon datzae Morlo and Gunnell 2003
G. †Limnocyon Marsh 1872
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†Limnocyon cuspidens Morlo and Gunnell 2005
†Limnocyon medius Wortman 1902
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Invalid names: Thinocyon submedius Morlo et al. 2000 [synonym]
†Limnocyon potens Matthew 1909
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Invalid names: Limnocyon douglassi Peterson 1919 [synonym]
†Limnocyon verus Marsh 1872
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Invalid names: Limnocyon riparius Marsh 1872 [synonym], Triacodon grandis Marsh 1872 [synonym]
Invalid names: Telmatocyon Marsh 1899 [synonym]
G. †Oxyaenodon Matthew 1899
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†Oxyaenodon dysodus Matthew 1899
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Invalid names: Oxyaenodon dysclerus Hay 1902 [synonym]
†Oxyaenodon wortmani Van Valen 1966
G. †Prolaena Xu et al. 1979
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†Prolaena parva Xu et al. 1979
G. †Prolimnocyon Matthew and Granger 1915
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†Prolimnocyon antiquus Matthew and Granger 1915
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Invalid names: Prolimnocyon elisabethae Gazin 1952 [synonym]
†Prolimnocyon atavus Matthew and Granger 1915
†Prolimnocyon chowi Meng et al. 1998
†Prolimnocyon eerius Gingerich 1989
†Prolimnocyon haematus Gingerich and Deutsch 1989
G. †Thinocyon Marsh 1872
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†Thinocyon sichowensis Chow 1975
†Thinocyon velox Marsh 1872
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Invalid names: Thinocyon cledensis Matthew 1909 [synonym], Thinocyon minimus Matthew 1909 [synonym], Thinocyon mustelinus Matthew 1909 [synonym], Thinocyon wyomingensis Morlo et al. 2000 [synonym]
Invalid names: Limnocyonini Wortman 1902 [empty], Machaeroidini Matthew 1909 [empty]
Unr. †Oxyaenodonta Van Valen 1971
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Fm. †Oxyaenidae Cope 1877
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G. †Dipsalidictis Matthew and Granger 1915
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†Dipsalidictis aequidens Matthew and Granger 1915
†Dipsalidictis krausei Gunnell and Gingerich 1991
†Dipsalidictis platypus Matthew and Granger 1915
†Dipsalidictis transiens Matthew and Granger 1915
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Invalid names: Dipsalidictis amplus Jepsen 1930 [synonym]
Invalid names: Dipsalidictides Denison 1938 [synonym]
G. †Dipsalodon Jepsen 1930
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†Dipsalodon matthewi Jepsen 1930
G. †Dormaalodon Lange-Badré 1987
G. †Galethylax Gervais 1850
G. †Machaeroides Matthew 1909
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†Machaeroides eothen Matthew 1909
†Machaeroides simpsoni Dawson et al. 1986
Subfm. †Machaeroidinae
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G. †Apataelurus Scott 1937
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†Apataelurus kayi Scott 1937
†Apataelurus pishigouensis Tong and Lei 1986
G. †Diegoaelurus Zach et al. 2022
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†Diegoaelurus vanvalkenburghae Zach et al. 2022
Subfm. †Oxyaeninae Trouessart 1885
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G. †Malfelis Stucky and Hardy 2007
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†Malfelis badwaterensis Stucky and Hardy 2007
G. †Oxyaena Cope 1874
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†Oxyaena forcipata Cope 1874
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Invalid names: Oxyaena ultima Denison 1938 [synonym]
†Oxyaena gulo Matthew and Granger 1915
†Oxyaena intermedia Denison 1938
†Oxyaena lupina Cope 1874
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Invalid names: Oxyaena huerfanensis Osborn 1897 [synonym], Oxyaena morsitans Cope 1874 [synonym]
†Oxyaena pardalis Matthew and Granger 1915
†Oxyaena simpsoni Van Valen 1966
†Oxyaena woutersi Lange-Badré and Godinot 1982
Invalid names: Argillotherium Davies 1884 [synonym]
G. †Patriofelis Leidy 1870
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†Patriofelis ferox Marsh 1872
+
Invalid names: Limnofelis latidens Marsh 1872 [synonym]
†Patriofelis leidyanus Osborn and Wortman 1892
†Patriofelis ulta Leidy 1870
+
Invalid names: Patriofelis coloradensis Matthew 1909 [synonym], Patriofelis compressa Denison 1938 [synonym]
Invalid names: Aelurotherium Adams 1896 [synonym], Limnofelis Marsh 1872 [synonym], Oreocyon Marsh 1872 [synonym]
Subfm. †Palaeonictinae Denison 1938
+
G. †Ambloctonus Cope 1875
+
†Ambloctonus major Denison 1938
†Ambloctonus priscus Matthew and Granger 1915
†Ambloctonus sinosus Cope 1875
+
Invalid names: Ambloctonus hyaenoides Matthew and Granger 1915 [synonym]
G. †Palaeonictis de Blainville 1842
+
†Palaeonictis gigantea de Blainville 1842
+
Invalid names: Dormaalodon woutersi Lange-Badré 1987 [synonym], Oxyaena casieri Quinet 1966 [synonym]
†Palaeonictis peloria Rose 1981
†Palaeonictis wingi Chester et al. 2010
G. †Sarkastodon Granger 1938
+
†Sarkastodon henanensis Tong and Lei 1986
†Sarkastodon mongoliensis Granger 1938
G. †Tytthaena Gingerich 1980
+
†Tytthaena lichna Rose 1981
†Tytthaena parrisi Gingerich 1980
Diagnosis
ReferenceDiagnosis
J. J. Flynn et al. 2020Apomorphies were listed by Wesley-Hunt and Flynn (2005: 11, Table 1, and accompanying appendix; see also Flynn and Wesley-Hunt, 2005, for apomorphies of various clades within Pan-Carnivora that are more inclusive than the crown, but more closely related to crown-clade Carnivora than to Creodonta [Hyaenodontidae, Oxyaenidae], including Carnivoraformes and Carnivoramorpha). Te study of Flynn et al. (1988), although not employing a matrix-based analysis, proposed seven potential synapomor-phies for a clade approximating Pan-Carnivora (Carnivora plus Creodonta; called Ferae by most workers [e.g., Simpson, 1945; Flynn and Wesley-Hunt, 2005; O’Leary et al., 2013], although Ferae is used by some authors for a more inclu-sive clade that also contains Pholidota [e.g., Asher et al., 2009]): restriction of carnassial shear to a small part of the postcanine denti-tion; well-developed osseous tentorium, with a strong medial projection, in the cranial cavity; strong processus hyoideus (“mastoid tubercle” of Novacek, 1986) of the petrosal, arching toward and closely approaching the promontorium; entotympanic contribution to the bulla; grooves on the petrosal indicating a transpromontorial path of the internal carotid artery; medial bor-der of the astragalar tibial trochlea much longer than the lateral border; calcaneal anterior plan-tar tubercle relatively far posterior, and peroneal process reduced. Although sampling only two crown and three stem carnivorans, O’Leary et al. (2013: Fig. 1 and Appendix S2) identifed 31 potential unambiguous cranial, dental and postcranial synapomorphies for these fve taxa (Creodonta + Carnivoramorpha), a clade approx-imating Pan-Carnivora (Clade H of Fig. 1; Node 118 of Fig. S15 and Appendix S2), includ-ing presence of maxilla palatal process embra-sure pits, presence of a squamosal post-tympanic crest, presence of a postorbital process, a mod-erately wide mandibular symphysis (≥ 15% but < 20% of maximum mandibular length), absence of a deltoid tubercle on the humerus, presence of an anterolateral ridge on the ulna olecranon, small ischial tuberosity in the pelvis, presence of a shelf connecting the third and greater tro-chanters of the femur, and astragalus trochlear articular surface extends onto astragalar neck. No unambiguous dental synapomorphies are known for this clade, as the nearest outgroup sampled (a pangolin) is edentulous, thus pre-cluding unambiguous optimization of any dental characters at the base of Pan-Carnivora. Many additional, ambiguously optimized, potential morphological synapomorphies are provided by O’Leary et al. (2013, Appendices S3 [Deltran] and S4 [Acctran] parsimony opti-mizations) for Ferae (≈ Pan-Carnivora; “node 128 to 126”), including classic feraean dental features such as carnassial shear present at one or more cheek tooth loci and presence of a “V” (notch) or slit on the metastylar blade of the upper 5th premolar [“P4” of traditional studies] (Characters 2646 and 1975, respectively, under Deltran optimization).
Measurements
No measurements are available
Composition: phosphaticsubp
Maximum body mass: 300 kgs
Minimum body mass: 10 kgs
Environment: terrestrialsubc
Locomotion: actively mobilec
Life habit: scansorialsubc
Diet: insectivoresubc
Reproduction: viviparoussubc
Created: 2005-09-06 20:43:42
Modified: 2005-09-06 22:44:32
Source: s = species, subc = subclass, c = class, subp = subphylum
References: Martin 1990, Hendy et al. 2009, Carroll 1988, Ji et al. 2002, Lillegraven 1979

Age range

Maximum range based only on fossils: base of the Puercan to the top of the Holocene or 66.00000 to 0.00000 Ma
Minimum age of oldest fossil (stem group age): 63.8 Ma

Collections (6180 total)

Oldest occurrences

Time interval Ma Country or state Original ID and collection number
Puercan66.0 - 63.8Canada (Saskatchewan) Ravenictis krausei, Carnivora indet. (14768)
Danian66.0 - 61.66USA (North Dakota) Protictis paralus, Viverravinae indet., Miacidae indet. (14962)
Early/Lower Paleocene66.0 - 61.66China (Anhui) Pappictidops orientalis (132943 146556)
Early/Lower Paleocene66.0 - 61.66China (Guangdong) Pappictidops obtusus, Pappictidops acies (140273 176607)
Cenozoic66.0 - 0.0Mongolia (South Gobi Aimag) Carnivora indet. (137861)
To263.8 - 60.9Canada (Alberta) Simpsonictis jaynanneae, Protictis sp. (14894)
Torrejonian63.8 - 60.9Canada (Alberta) Bryanictis microlestes (143200) Protictis sp. (14822) Simpsonictis jaynanneae (14828)
Torrejonian63.8 - 60.9USA (Utah) Protictis haydenianus (14830)
Torrejonian63.8 - 60.9USA (Wyoming) Bryanictis vanvaleni, Simpsonictis jaynanneae, Prolimnocyon macfaddeni, Protictis haydenianus (14886) Protictis haydenianus, Protictis microlestes (14896) Protictis microlestes (14899 14900 14901 14904 14905) Protictis sp., Protictis microlestes (14897 14898) Simpsonictis tenuis, Bryanictis microlestes, Protictis haydenianus, Protictis sp. (14912)
Torrejonian63.8 - 60.9USA (New Mexico) Bryanictis paulus, Didymictis sp. a, Didymictis sp. b (14816) Didymictis haydenianus (14819 14873) Protictis haydenianus (14812 14815 14824 14832 14835 14862) Protictis haydenianus, Protictis sp. (14865) Protictis haydenianus, Protictis vanvaleni (14833 14893) Protictis sp. (14868) Protictis vanvaleni (14825)
Torrejonian63.8 - 60.9USA (Montana) Didymictis haydenianus (14919 14920 14923) Didymictis microlestes (14917) Didymictis microlestes, Didymictis haydenianus (14913) Protictis haydenianus, Ictidopappus mustelinus, Protictis microlestes, Protictis tenuis, Bryanictis vanvaleni (14906)
Torrejonian63.8 - 60.9USA (Texas) Bryanictis sp. (14829) Protictis sp. (14887)
Torrejonian - Tiffanian63.8 - 56.2USA (Wyoming) Intyrictis vanvaleni (14853)
Selandian61.66 - 59.24Morocco Boualitomus marocanensis (68176) Lahimia selloumi (133217)
Ti160.9 - 56.2Canada (Alberta) Simpsonictis pegus, Simpsonictis tenuis, Pristinictis connata (14939)
Ti360.9 - 56.2Canada (Alberta) Raphictis gausion, Protictis paralus (14928 14992)
Ti460.9 - 56.2Canada (Saskatchewan) Didymictis dellensis, Raphictis sp., Protictis paralus, Viverravidae indet., Protictis dellensis, Raphictis gausion (14978)
Tiffanian60.9 - 56.2USA (Wyoming) Didymictis dellensis (14944 190436 190438 190462 190481) Didymictis sp. (14999) Didymictis sp. A (15034) Didymictis tenuis (14989) Dipsalidictis krausei (190428 190456 190483) Dipsalodon churchillorum (15056 190472) Dipsalodon churchillorum, Protictis schaffi (15068) Protictis haydenianus (14974) Protictis microlestes (15014) Protictis microlestes, Protictis sp. (15067) Protictis paralus (15027) Protictis paralus, Tytthaena parrisi, Protictis haydenianus, Protictis sp. (15017) Protictis schaffi (15057 15065) Raphictis gausion, Protictis agastor, Protictis paralus, Tytthaena parrisi (14936) Viverravinae indet., Protictis laytoni, Protictis schaffi, Protictis dellensis (15049) Viverravinae indet., Protictis sp. (15032) Viverravus laytoni (85096) Viverravus schaffi (26569 190441) Viverravus schaffi, Dipsalodon churchillorum (53059)
Tiffanian60.9 - 56.2USA (California) Protictis agastor, Protictis paralus (154724)
Tiffanian60.9 - 56.2USA (North Dakota) Protictis microlestes (15000) Protictis paralus, Miacidae indet. (14931)