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Gnathostomata (jawed fish)
Taxonomy
Gnathostomata was named by Gegenbauer (1874). It is extant. It was considered monophyletic by Donoghue and Smith (2001).
It was reranked as the unranked clade Gnathostomata by Donoghue and Smith (2001).
It was assigned to Craniota by Gadow (1898); to Craniata by Long (2011); to Vertebrata by Säve-Söderbergh (1934), Dineley and Metcalf (1999), Meyer and Zardoya (2003), Nelson et al. (2016), Richter et al. (2017); and to Vertebrata by Donoghue and Smith (2001), van der Laan (2019).
It was reranked as the unranked clade Gnathostomata by Donoghue and Smith (2001).
It was assigned to Craniota by Gadow (1898); to Craniata by Long (2011); to Vertebrata by Säve-Söderbergh (1934), Dineley and Metcalf (1999), Meyer and Zardoya (2003), Nelson et al. (2016), Richter et al. (2017); and to Vertebrata by Donoghue and Smith (2001), van der Laan (2019).
Synonymy list
| Year | Name and author |
|---|---|
| 1874 | Gnathostomata Gegenbauer p. 408 |
| 1898 | Gnathostomata Gadow p. 5 |
| 1934 | Gnathostomata Säve-Söderbergh p. 17 |
| 1999 | Gnathostomata Dineley and Metcalf p. 11 |
| 2001 | Gnathostomata Donoghue and Smith p. 18 |
| 2003 | Gnathostomata Meyer and Zardoya |
| 2011 | Gnathostomata Long p. 241 |
| 2016 | Gnathostomata Nelson et al. p. 34 |
| 2017 | Gnathostomata Richter et al. p. 110 |
| 2019 | Gnathostomata van der Laan p. 26 |
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If no rank is listed, the taxon is considered an unranked clade in modern classifications. Ranks may be repeated or presented in the wrong order because authors working on different parts of the classification may disagree about how to rank taxa.
Supercl. Gnathostomata Gegenbauer 1874 [jawed fish]
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Cl. †Acanthodii Owen 1846 [spiny fish]
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Or. †Acanthodiformes Berg 1940
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Fm. †Acanthodidae Huxley 1861
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G. †Acanthodes Agassiz 1833
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†Acanthodes australis Woodward 1906
†Acanthodes beecheri Eastman 1902
†Acanthodes bourbonensis Heidtke 1996
†Acanthodes boyi Heidtke 1993
†Acanthodes bridgei Zidek 1976
†Acanthodes bronni Agassiz 1833
†Acanthodes confusus Heidtke 2011
†Acanthodes gracilis Beyrich 1949
†Acanthodes guizhouensis Wang and Turner 1985
†Acanthodes marshi Eastman 1902
†Acanthodes mitchelli Egerton 1861
†Acanthodes nitidus Woodward 1891
†Acanthodes ovensis White 1927
†Acanthodes peachi Egerton 1861
†Acanthodes pollichiae Heidtke 2011
†Acanthodes punctatus Fritsch 1893
†Acanthodes pusillus Agassiz 1844
†Acanthodes pygmaeus Fritsch 1875
†Acanthodes rouvillei Sauvage 1883
†Acanthodes splendidus Heidtke 2011
†Acanthodes sulcatus Agassiz 1835
†Acanthodes ultimus Heidtke 2011
†Acanthodes wardi Egerton 1866
G. †Acanthoessus Agassiz 1832
+
†Acanthoessus affinis Whiteaves 1887
†Acanthoessus concinnus Whiteaves 1887
†Acanthoessus pristis Clarke 1885
†Acanthoessus semistriatus Woodward 1892
Invalid names: Acanthoessidae Hay 1902 [synonym], Howittacanthidae Zajıc 1995 [synonym]
Fm. †Cheiracanthidae
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G. †Cheiracanthus Agassiz 1835
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†Cheiracanthus brevicostatus Gross 1973
†Cheiracanthus grandispinus Mcoy 1848
†Cheiracanthus latus Egerton 1861
†Cheiracanthus longicostatus Gross 1973
†Cheiracanthus minor Agassiz 1835
†Cheiracanthus murchisoni Agassiz 1835
†Cheiracanthus splendens Gross 1973
Fm. †Mesacanthidae
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G. †Mesacanthus Traquair 1888
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†Mesacanthus mitchelli Egerton 1861
†Mesacanthus peachi Egerton 1861
†Mesacanthus pusillus Agassiz 1844
†Mesacanthus semistriatus Woodward 1892
Or. †Climatiiformes Berg 1940
+
Fm. †Brochoadmonidae Bernacsek and Dineley 1977
+
Fm. †Climatiidae Berg 1940
+
G. †Climatius Agassiz 1845
+
†Climatius grandis Powrie 1870
†Climatius latispinosus Whiteaves 1881
†Climatius reticulatus Agassiz 1844
†Climatius scutiger Egerton 1860
†Climatius uncinatus Powrie 1864
G. †Erriwacanthus Orvig 1967
+
†Erriwacanthus falcatus Orvig 1967
†Erriwacanthus manbrookensis Miles 1973
G. †Nostolepis Pander 1856
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†Nostolepis costata Goujet 1976
†Nostolepis gracilis Gross 1947
†Nostolepis halli Blom 1999
†Nostolepis robusta Brotzen 1934
†Nostolepis striata Pander 1856
G. †Parexus Agassiz 1844
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†Parexus falcatus Powrie 1870
†Parexus incurvus Agassiz 1845
†Parexus recurvus Agassiz 1844
G. †Vernicomacanthus Miles 1973
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†Vernicomacanthus uncinatus Powrie 1864
†Vernicomacanthus waynensis Miles 1973
Fm. †Euthacanthidae Berg 1940
+
G. †Euthacanthus Powrie 1864
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†Euthacanthus gracilis Powrie 1870
†Euthacanthus macnicoli Powrie 1864
Fm. †Gyracanthidae Woodward 1906
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G. †Ankylacanthus Burrow et al. 2008
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†Ankylacanthus convexus Burrow et al. 2008
†Ankylacanthus incurvus Burrow et al. 2008
G. †Gyracanthides Woodward 1906
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†Gyracanthides hawkinsi TURNER et al. 2005
†Gyracanthides murrayi Woodward 1906
†Gyracanthides riniensis Gess and Burrow 2023
†Gyracanthides warreni White 1968
G. †Gyracanthus Agassiz 1836
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†Gyracanthus alleni Newberry 1873
†Gyracanthus alnwicensis Agassiz 1837
†Gyracanthus compressus Newberry 1873
†Gyracanthus convexus Gross 1933
†Gyracanthus cordatus Saint John and Worthen 1883
†Gyracanthus duplicatus Dawson 1868
†Gyracanthus falciformis Traquair 1902
†Gyracanthus formosus Agassiz 1836
†Gyracanthus incurvus Traquair 1890
†Gyracanthus inornatus Newberry 1889
†Gyracanthus magnificus Dawson 1868
†Gyracanthus nobilis Traquair 1883
†Gyracanthus obliquus M'Coy 1848
†Gyracanthus parvulus Bryant 1929
†Gyracanthus primaevus Eastman 1908
†Gyracanthus rectus Traquair 1890
†Gyracanthus rothrocki Wells and Blickle 1943
†Gyracanthus sarlei Hussakof and Bryant 1919
†Gyracanthus sherwoodi Newberry 1889
†Gyracanthus tuberculatus Agassiz 1837
†Gyracanthus youngii Traquair 1883
G. †Mitrodus Owen 1867
G. †Oracanthus Agassiz 1836
+
†Oracanthus bochumensis Jaekel 1890
†Oracanthus lineatus Newberry 1897
†Oracanthus milleri Agassiz 1836
†Oracanthus minor Agassiz 1836
†Oracanthus multiseriatus Newberry 1857
†Oracanthus obliquus Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Oracanthus pnigeus Newberry and Worthen 1866
†Oracanthus pustulosus Agassiz 1836
†Oracanthus rectus Saint John and Worthen 1883
†Oracanthus triangularis Eastman 1917
†Oracanthus trigonalis Saint John and Worthen 1883
†Oracanthus vetustus Leidy 1855
G. †Hanilepis Wang and Dong 1989
G. †Pruemolepis Vieth-Schreiner 1983
Fm. †Vesperaliidae Valiukevicius and Burrow 2005
+
Or. †Diplacanthiformes Berg 1940
+
Fm. †Culmacanthidae Long 1983
+
G. †Culmacanthus Long 1983
+
†Culmacanthus antarctica Young 1989
†Culmacanthus pambulensis Young 1989
†Culmacanthus stewarti Long 1983
G. †Devononchus Gross 1940
+
†Devononchus concinnus Gross 1940
†Devononchus ketleriensis Gross 1947
†Devononchus laevis Gross 1933
†Devononchus tenuispinus Gross 1933
Fm. †Diplacanthidae Woodward 1891
+
G. †Diplacanthus Agassiz 1843
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†Diplacanthus balticus Gross 1973
†Diplacanthus carinatus Gross 1973
†Diplacanthus crassisimus Duff 1942
†Diplacanthus ellsi Gagnier 1996
†Diplacanthus horridus Woodward 1892
†Diplacanthus longispinus Agassiz 1844
†Diplacanthus striatus Agassiz 1844
†Diplacanthus tenuistriatus Traquair 1894
G. †Milesacanthus Young and Burrow 2004
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†Milesacanthus antarctica Young and Burrow 2004
†Milesacanthus antarctica Young and Burrow 2004
Fm. †Gladiobranchidae
+
G. †Haplacanthus Agassiz 1845
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†Haplacanthus ehrmanensis Gross 1940
†Haplacanthus marginalis Agassiz 1845
†Haplacanthus perseensis Gross 1942
G. †Homacanthus Agassiz 1845
+
†Homacanthus acinaciformis Eastman 1903
†Homacanthus arcuatus Agassiz 1844
†Homacanthus delicatulus Eastman 1903
†Homacanthus elegans Davis 1879
†Homacanthus gracilis Whiteaves 1889
†Homacanthus jaekeli Gross 1933
†Homacanthus macrodus M'Coy 1848
†Homacanthus microdus M'Coy 1848
†Homacanthus parvulus Newverry 1875
†Homacanthus sveteensis Gross 1942
Or. †Ischnacanthida Berg 1940
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G. †Atopacanthus Hussakof and Bryant 1918
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†Atopacanthus dentatus Hussakof and Bryant 1918
†Atopacanthus juvai Hairapetian and Burrow 2016
†Atopacanthus peculiaris Hussakof and Bryant 1918
Or. †Ischnacanthiformes Berg 1940
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Fm. †Acritolepidae Valiukevicius and Burrow 2005
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G. †Acritolepis Valiukevicius 2003
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†Acritolepis urvantsevi Valiukevicius 2003
†Acritolepis ushakovi Valiukevicius 2003
Fm. †Ischnacanthidae Woodward 1891
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G. †Acanthodopsis Hancock and Atthey 1868
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†Acanthodopsis acuta Wellburn 1902
†Acanthodopsis microdon Traquair 1894
†Acanthodopsis russelli Burrow 2004
†Acanthodopsis summiti Wellburn 1902
†Acanthodopsis wardi Hancock and Atthey 1868
G. †Apateacanthus Woodward 1891
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†Apateacanthus dentatus Hussakof and Bryant 1919
†Apateacanthus peculiaris Hussakof 1913
†Apateacanthus vetustus Clarke 1885
G. †Ictinocephalus Page 1859
G. †Ischnacanthus Powrie 1864
+
†Ischnacanthus anglicus White 1961
†Ischnacanthus gracilis Egerton 1861
†Ischnacanthus kingi White 1961
†Ischnacanthus scheii Spjeldnaes 1967
†Ischnacanthus wickhami White 1961
G. †Podoliacanthus Voichyshyn and Szaniawski 2012
+
†Podoliacanthus zychi Voichyshyn and Szaniawski 2012
Fm. †Poracanthodidae
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Fm. †Tetanopsyridae Hanke and Wilson 1999
+
G. †Tetanopsyrus Gagnier et al. 1999
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†Tetanopsyrus breviacanthias Hanke et al. 2001
†Tetanopsyrus lindoei Gagnier et al. 1999
Fm. †Machaeracanthidae Burrow and Young 2005
+
G. †Machaeracanthus Newberry 1857
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†Machaeracanthus archiaci Rouault 1858
†Machaeracanthus bohemicus Barrande 1872
†Machaeracanthus kayseri Kegel 1913
†Machaeracanthus larteti Rouault 1858
†Machaeracanthus longaevus Eastman 1907
†Machaeracanthus major Newberry 1857
†Machaeracanthus peracutus Newberry 1857
†Machaeracanthus polonicus Gurich 1901
†Machaeracanthus retusus Wells 1940
†Machaeracanthus sulcatus Newberry 1857
G. †Neoasiacanthus Wang et al. 1980
G. †Nodacosta Gross 1940
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†Nodacosta gemuendensis Gross 1933
†Nodacosta pauli Gross 1940
†Nodocosta denisoni Burrow 2007
Fm. †Onchidae
+
G. †Leptocheles M'Coy 1853
G. †Naulas Agassiz 1845
G. †Onchus Agassiz 1837
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†Onchus arcuatus Agassiz 1837
†Onchus besomensis White 1961
†Onchus clintoni Claypole 1885
†Onchus granulatus Roemer 1885
†Onchus graptolitarum Fritsch 1907
†Onchus hamatus Agassiz 1837
†Onchus latus Leriche 1931
†Onchus major Etheridge 1872
†Onchus murchisoni Agassiz 1837
†Onchus overathensis Gross 1937
†Onchus penetrans Bryant 1932
†Onchus pennsylvanicus Claypole 1885
†Onchus rarus Liepin'sh 1959
†Onchus rectus Eastman 1899
†Onchus semistriatus Agassiz 1837
†Onchus siluricus Fritsch 1907
†Onchus sublaevis Agassiz 1845
†Onchus tenuistriatus Agassiz 1837
†Onchus verus Schmidt 1954
†Onchus wheathillensis White 1961
G. †Ptychodictyon Gross 1973
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†Ptychodictyon americanum Burrow 2007
†Ptychodictyon rimosum Gross 1973
†Ptychodictyon sulcatum Gross 1973
G. †Seretolepis Karatajute-Talimaa 1968
Fm. †Tchunacanthidae Karatajute-Talimaa and Smith 2003
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G. †Lenacanthus Karatajute-Talimaa and Smith 2003
G. †Tchunacanthus Karatajute-Talimaa and Smith 2003
G. †Yealepis Burrow and Young 1999
Invalid names: Acanthodei Gunnell 1933 [replaced], Acanthodi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Acanthodida Berg 1940 [empty], Climatiida Berg 1940 [empty], Diplacanthi Jaekel 1911 [empty]
Cl. Chondrichthyes Huxley 1880 [cartilaginous fish]
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Or. †Altholepidiformes
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Or. †Antarctilamniformes Ginter et al. 2008
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Fm. †Antarctilamnidae Ginter et al. 2008
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G. †Antarctilamna Young 1982
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†Antarctilamna prisca Young 1982
†Antarctilamna ultima Gess and Coates 2015
G. †Wellerodus Turner 1997
Fm. †Bandringidae Zangerl 1969
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Or. †Bradyodontida Woodward 1921
+
Superor. †Cladoselachimorpha
+
Or. †Cladoselachiformes
+
Fm. †Cladoselachidae Dean 1894
+
G. †Cladoselache Dean 1894
G. †Maghriboselache Klug et al. 2023
G. †Monocladodus Claypole 1893
Or. †Symmoriiformes Zangerl 1981
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Fm. †Falcatidae Zangerl 1990
+
G. †Cosmoselachus Bronson et al. 2024
G. †Damocles Lund 1986
G. †Denaea Pruvost 1922
G. †Falcatus Lund 1985
G. †Ozarcus Pradel et al. 2014
G. †Stemmatias Hay 1899
+
†Stemmatias bicristatus St John and Worthen 1875
†Stemmatias bifurcatus St John and Worthen 1875
†Stemmatias cheiriformis St John and Worthen 1875
†Stemmatias compactus St John and Worthen 1875
†Stemmatias keokuk St John and Worthen 1875
†Stemmatias simplex St John and Worthen 1875
†Stemmatias symmetricus St John and Worthen 1875
Invalid names: Gunnellodus Wilimovksy 1954 [synonym], Stemmatodus St John and Worthen 1875 [replaced]
Fm. †Symmoriidae Dean 1909
+
G. †Cobelodus Zangerl 1973
G. †Danaea Pruvost 1922
G. †Gutturensis Sequeira and Coates 2000
G. †Orestiacanthus Lund 1984
G. †Petrodus McCoy 1848
G. †Stethacanthulus Zangerl 1990
G. †Symmorium Cope 1893
Invalid names: Stethacanthidae Lund 1974 [synonym]
Invalid names: Denaeidae Berg 1940 [empty]
Superor. †Ctenacanthimorpha
+
Or. †Ctenacanthiformes Glikman 1964
+
G. †Acandylacanthus St. John and Worthen 1875
G. †Arauzia Mader 1986
Fm. †Ctenacanthidae Dean 1909
+
G. †Acondylacanthus John and Worthen 1875
G. †Bythiacanthus StJohn and Worthen 1875
G. †Cladodoides Maisey 2001
G. †Ctenacanthus Agassiz 1836
G. †Glikmanius Ginter et al. 2005
G. †Glymmatacanthus StJohn and Worhten 1875
G. †Tamiobatis Eastman 1897
Invalid names: Anodontacanthus ruthenorum Chabakov 1928 [nomen nudum]
Superfm. †Ctenacanthoidea Zangerl 1981
+
G. †Anaclitacanthus St. John and Worthen 1875
G. †Asteroptychius Agassiz 1843
G. †Carinacanthus Bryant 1934
G. †Emerikodus Trinajstic and George 2009
G. †Pyknotylacanthus Mutter and Rieber 2005
G. †Rhombacanthus Williams 1985
Invalid names: Tamiobatidae Hay 1902 [empty]
G. †Moyacanthus
G. †Pororhiza
G. †Saivodus Duffin and Ginter 2006
+
†Saivodus striatus Agassiz 1843
+
Invalid names: Cladodus corrugatus Croneis 1927 [synonym], Cladodus curtus Davis 1883 [synonym], Cladodus eccentricus St John and Worthen 1875 [synonym], Cladodus elongatus Davis 1883 [synonym], Cladodus ferox Newberry and Worthen 1866 [synonym], Cladodus grandis Newberry and Worthen 1866 [synonym], Cladodus hornei Davis 1883 [synonym], Cladodus magnificus Tuomey 1858 [synonym], Cladodus prototypus Eastman 1907 [synonym], Cladodus spinosus Newberry and Worthen 1866 [synonym], Cladodus stenopus Newberry and Worthen 1866 [synonym]
Or. †Squatinactiformes Zangerl 1981
+
G. †Duplisuggestus Johns 1997
+
†Duplisuggestus duplirugosus Johns 1997
†Duplisuggestus profundisulcus Johns 1997
G. †Eucentrurus Traquair 1901
Subcl. Euselachii Hay 1902
+
G. †Acronemus Rieppel 1982
+
Infracl. Elasmobranchii Bonaparte 1838 [elasmobranch]
+
G. †Amelacanthus Maisey 1982
+
†Amelacanthus laevis Davis 1883
†Amelacanthus plicatus Davis 1883
†Amelacanthus pustulatus Davis 1883
†Amelacanthus sulcatus Agassiz 1837
G. †Aporomicrodus Fowler 1958
+
Aporomicrodus laevis Emmons 1857
Invalid names: Microdus Emmons 1857 [replaced]
G. †Arduodens Hairapetian and Ginter 2009
Unr. Batomorphi Cappetta 1980
+
Fm. †Archaeobatidae Delsate and Candoni 2001
Fm. †Belemnobatidae Suteethorn et al. 2013
G. †Enantiobatis Cappetta and Case 1999
Or. Myliobatiformes Compagno 1973 [stingray]
Or. Rajiformes Berg 1940 [ray]
Or. †Rhinopristiformes Last et al. 2016
Or. †Sclerorhynchiformes Kriwet 2004
Or. Torpediniformes [electric ray]
Invalid names: Arthropteridae [empty], Spathobatidae [empty]
G. †Carcharopsis Agassiz 1843
+
†Carcharopsis prototypus Agassiz 1843
†Carcharopsis wortheni Newberry and Worthen 1866
+
Invalid names: Dicrenodus texanus Eastman 1917 [synonym]
G. †Carinasubcorona Johns 1997
+
†Carinasubcorona bamaolinense Chen 2002
†Carinasubcorona subradiciplana Johns 1997
G. †Celtiberina Wang 1993
Fm. Cestraciontidae Bonaparte 1838 [bullhead shark]
+
G. †Diclitodus Davis 1883
G. †Scoliorhiza Raymond 1925
G. †Complanicorona Johns 1997
+
†Complanicorona glabra Johns 1997
†Complanicorona rugosimargines Johns 1997
†Complanicorona subrugosa Johns 1997
G. †Eunemacanthus StJohn and Worhten 1883
+
†Eunemacanthus costatus Newberry and Worthen 1866
†Eunemacanthus heterogyrus McCoy 1855
+
Invalid names: Ctenacanthus heterogyrus Agassiz 1837 [objective synonym]
†Eunemacanthus keytei Branson 1916
†Eunemacanthus venator Khabakob 1928
G. †Eychlaodus Glikman 1957
G. †Fragilicorona Johns 1997
+
†Fragilicorona brevirostrum Johns 1997
†Fragilicorona labribrevirostrum Johns 1997
†Fragilicorona labricuspis Johns 1997
†Fragilicorona labritricuspis Johns 1997
†Fragilicorona paralabritricuspis Chen 2002
†Fragilicorona tricuspis Johns 1997
†Fragilicorona unicuspis Johns 1997
Superor. †Galeomorphi
+
G. †Erquitaia Cappetta 1989
Or. Heterodontiformes Berg 1940 [bullhead shark]
G. †Hypsobatis Cappetta 1992
G. †Onchopristus
Or. Orectolobiformes Applegate 1972 [carpet shark]
G. †Rajorhina Jaekel 1894
G. †Reifia Duffin 1980
Or. †Synechodontiformes Duffin and Ward 1993
G. †Youssoubatis Cappetta 1992
Invalid names: Selachimorpha Nelson 1984 [synonym]
G. †Glabrisubcorona Johns 1997
+
†Glabrisubcorona arduidevexa Johns 1997
†Glabrisubcorona tendibasis Johns 1997
†Glabrisubcorona vadosidevexa Johns 1997
Unr. †Ichthyodorulites Buckland
+
G. †Cyrtacanthus Newberry 1873
G. †Gampsacanthus Saint John and Worthen 1875
G. †Lecracanthus Saint John and Worthen 1875
G. †Marracanthus St. John and Worthen 1875
G. †Phlyctaenacanthus Eastman 1898
G. †Labascicorona Johns 1997
+
†Labascicorona alata Johns 1997
†Labascicorona longifossae Johns 1997
†Labascicorona mediflexura Johns 1997
†Labascicorona nitidifastigia Johns 1997
†Labascicorona trifastigia Johns 1997
G. †Labrilancea Johns 1997
+
†Labrilancea glabrisubcuspis Johns 1997
†Labrilancea glabrisubtricuspis Johns 1997
G. †Leonodus Mader 1986
G. †Lesnilomia Ginter 2008
G. †Lobaticorona Johns 1997
+
†Lobaticorona floridibasis Johns 1997
†Lobaticorona floriditabella Johns 1997
†Lobaticorona floriditurris Johns 1997
†Lobaticorona tumidibasis Johns 1997
†Lobaticorona tumiditabella Johns 1997
†Lobaticorona tumiditurris Johns 1997
G. †Minuticorona Johns 1997
+
†Minuticorona triculmina Johns 1997
†Minuticorona uniculmen Johns 1997
G. †Oniscina Goldenberg 1873
+
G. †Ornathiliabrilance Johns 1997
G. †Ornatilabrilancea Johns 1997
+
†Ornatilabrilancea circacarina Johns 1997
†Ornatilabrilancea solicarina Johns 1997
G. †Parvidiabolus Johns 1997
+
†Parvidiabolus acutus Johns 1997
†Parvidiabolus convexus Johns 1997
†Parvidiabolus longisulcus Johns 1997
†Parvidiabolus obliquus Johns 1997
G. †Physonemus Agassiz 1843
+
†Physonemus arcuatus McCoy 1848
†Physonemus asper Leidy 1859
†Physonemus carinatus Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Physonemus gemmatus Newberry and Worthen 1866
†Physonemus gigas Newberry and Worthen 1870
†Physonemus gigii Branson 1916
†Physonemus hamuspiscatorius Eastman 1903
†Physonemus mirabilis St John and Worthen 1875
†Physonemus pandatus Eastman 1903
†Physonemus stellatus Newberry 1889
†Physonemus striatus Moore 1929
†Physonemus subteres Agassiz 1843
Invalid names: Batacanthus St John and Worthen 1870 [synonym], Drepanacanthus Newberry and Worthen 1866 [synonym], Gnathacanthus Davis 1883 [synonym], Xystracanthus Leidy 1859 [synonym]
Or. †Plagiostomi Cuvier
+
Fm. Carcharidae
G. †Narcopterus Agassiz 1835
Invalid names: Eulamiidae [empty], Hexeptranchidae [empty], Raiae [empty]
G. †Sacrisubcorona Johns 1997
+
†Sacrisubcorona circabasis Johns et al. 1997
†Sacrisubcorona submedicarina Johns 1997
Unr. Selachii [shark]
+
Subor. †Asterospondyli Haase
Subor. †Ctenacanthoidei Moy-Thomas and Miles 1971
G. †Fortscottella Gunnell 1931
G. †Hammondella Gunnell 1933
G. †Idiacanthus Gunnell 1933
G. †Kirkella Gunnell 1933
G. †Moreyella Gunnell 1933
Fm. Notidanidae Bonaparte
Subor. Rajae
Subor. Squali Müller and Henle 1838
Superor. †Squalimorphi
Subor. †Tectospondyli
Fm. Trygonidae Müller and Henle 1837
Invalid names: Anacoracoidei [empty], Centrobati Jaekel 1911 [empty], Heterodontoidea Hay 1902 [empty], Notidani Jaekel 1911 [empty], Notidanoidei [empty], Palaeosquali Jaekel 1911 [empty], Rhinae Jaekel 1911 [empty], Rhinoraji Jaekel 1911 [empty], Scyllidae [empty], Spinacidi Jaekel 1911 [empty], Statodonti Jaekel 1911 [empty], Trirostri Jaekel 1911 [empty]
G. †Siamodus
Superor. Squalomorphi Compagno 1973
+
Or. †Echinorhiniformes
Or. Hexanchiformes de Buen 1926
Or. Pristiophoriformes Berg 1958 [saw shark]
Or. †Protospinaciformes
Or. Squaliformes Goodrich 1909
Or. Squatiniformes Buen 1926
Invalid names: Hexanchida [empty]
G. †Suaviloquentia Johns 1997
+
†Suaviloquentia brevilingua Johns 1997
†Suaviloquentia longilingua Johns 1997
†Suaviloquentia obliquilingua Johns 1997
G. †Undulaticorona Johns 1997
+
†Undulaticorona profundifossae Johns 1997
†Undulaticorona propensa Johns 1997
Or. †Xenacanthida Glikmann 1964
+
G. †Anodontacanthus Davis 1881
Fm. †Orthacanthidae Heyler and Poplin 1989
Invalid names: Cladodontomorphi Ginter et al. 2010 [empty], Cladodontomorphii Obruchev 1967 [empty], Cladodus hassiacus Gross 1937 [nomen dubium], Cladodus wildungensis Jaekel 1921 [nomen dubium], Cladoselachii Dean 1894 [empty], Coronodontida Zangerl 1981 [empty], Lamna (Sphenodus) longidens Agassiz 1843 [nomen dubium], Orodontida Zangerl 1981 [empty], Orthacodus Woodward 1889 [nomen dubium], Pleuracanthidae Woodward [empty], Pleuracanthodii [empty], Pristiorajea Cicimurri 2007 [empty], Proselachii Gadow 1898 [empty], Sphenodus Agassiz 1843 [nomen dubium], Sphenodus plana Agassiz 1843 [nomen dubium]
Unr. Galeoidei
+
Fm. †Galeidae
+
G. †Boreogaleus Gill 1861
G. †Calliscyllium Tanaka 1912
G. †Cymocephalus Klein 1777
G. †Cynias Gill 1903
G. †Dirrhizodon Klunzinger 1870
G. †Eridacnis Smith 1913
G. †Eulamia Gill 1861
G. †Gyrace Jordan and Hannibal 1922
G. †Hypopriondon Gill 1861
G. †Isoplagiodon Gill 1861
G. †Leptocarcharias Günther 1879
G. †Leptocarias Smith 1837
G. †Myrmillo Gistel 1848
G. †Platypodon Poey 1876
G. †Pleuracromylon Gill 1864
G. †Pseudogaleus Jaekel 1894
G. †Rhinotriacis Gill 1862
G. †Rhizoprion Ogilby 1915
G. †Scylliogaleus Boulenger 1902
G. †Thalassorhinus Müller and Henle 1838
Infracl. †Hybodonta
+
Or. †Hybodontiformes Patterson 1966
+
G. †Cassisodus Ginter and Sun 2007
G. †Doratodus Schmid 1861
G. †Hamiltonichthys Maisey 1989
G. †Hubeiodus Shang et al. 2008 [Hubei tooth]
Fm. †Hybodontidae Agassiz 1834
G. †Mesodmodus
G. †Omanoselache Koot et al. 2013
G. †Onychoselache Dick 1978
Fm. †Pseudodalatiidae Reif 1978
G. †Reesodus Koot et al. 2013
Fm. †Steinbachodontidae Reif 1980
G. †Teresodus Koot et al. 2013
Fm. †Thaiodontidae Cuny et al. 2008
Invalid names: Hybodontoidea Agassiz 1834 [invalid subgroup]
Fm. †Listracanthidae Martill et al. 2014
+
G. †Acanthorhachis Martill et al. 2014
+
G. †Listracanthus Newberry and Worthen 1870
+
†Listracanthus hystrix Newberry and Worthen 1870
+
Invalid names: Listracanthus beyrichi von Koenen 1879 [synonym], Listracanthus eliasi Hibbard 1938 [synonym], Listracanthus hildrethi Newberry 1875 [synonym], Listracanthus woltersi Schmidt 1949 [synonym]
†Listracanthus pectenatus Mutter and Neuman 2006
Unr. Neoselachii Compagno 1977
+
Unr. Batoidea [ray]
+
Subor. †Masticura Gill 1872
Superfm. †Rhinobatoidea
Invalid names: Pristiformes [empty]
Superor. Galeomorphii Compagno 1973
+
Or. Carcharhiniformes Compagno 1973 [ground shark]
G. †Jurobatos Thies 1983
Or. Lamniformes Berg 1958 [mackerel shark]
Invalid names: Galeoidea Hay 1902 [empty]
G. †Nanocetorhinus Underwood and Schlogl 2013
+
†Nanocetorhinus tuberculatus Underwood and Schlogl 2013
Superor. †Squalea Shirai 1996
+
G. †Microtoxodus Delsate 2003
Invalid names: Hypnosqualea Carvalho and Maisey 1996 [empty]
G. †Vallisodus Duffin 2021
+
†Vallisodus coppi Duffin 1982
Invalid names: Vallisia Duffin 1982 [replaced]
Invalid names: Dalatiiformes Shirai 1992 [empty], Galea Shirai 1996 [empty], Squatinomorphii Compagno 1973 [empty]
Or. †Protacrodontiformes
+
Fm. †Protacrodontidae Cappetta et al. 1993
+
G. †Dalmehodus Long and Hairapetian 2000
G. †Deihim Ginter et al. 2002
G. †Protacrodus Jaekel 1925
Invalid names: Protacrodontoidea Zangerl 1981 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Tuberospina Lebedev 1995
Invalid names: Dasyatiformes [empty], Musteliformes [empty], Notidaniformes [empty], Scyliorhiniformes [empty], Squatinoidei Berg 1940 [empty], Squatinorajiformes [empty], Synechodontidae Casier 1947 [empty]
G. †Geisacanthus St John and Worthen 1875
G. †Gracilisuggestus Johns 1997
+
†Gracilisuggestus triapices Johns 1997
†Gracilisuggestus uniapex Johns 1997
Subcl. Holocephali Bonaparte 1832 [chimaera]
+
Or. †Debeeriiformes
+
Or. †Eugeneodontiformes Zangerl 1981
+
Superfm. †Caseodontoidea Zangerl 1981
+
G. †Campodus de Koninck 1844
Fm. †Caseodontidae Zangerl 1981
G. †Chiastodus Trautschold 1879
Fm. †Eugeneodontidae Zangerl 1981
G. †Tiaraju Richter 2007
Fm. †Helicampodontidae Itano and Lebedev 2023
+
G. †Helicampodus Branson 1935
G. †Hunanohelicoprion Liu 1994
G. †Parahelicampodus Nielsen 1952
G. †Sinohelicoprion Liu and Chang 1963
Fm. †Helicoprionidae Karpinsky 1911
+
G. †Karpinskiprion Lebedev and Itano 2023
Invalid names: Agassizodontidae Zangerl 1981 [synonym]
Invalid names: Campyloprion Eastman 1902 [nomen dubium], Campyloprion annectans Eastman 1902 [nomen dubium], Edestoidei [empty], Edistidae Jaekel 1899 [empty], Eugeneodontoidei [empty]
Fm. †Gregoriidae Lund and Grogan 2004
+
G. †Srianta Lund and Grogan 2004
+
†Srianta dawsoni Lund and Grogan 2004
†Srianta iarlais Lund and Grogan 2004
†Srianta srianta Lund and Grogan 2004
Superor. †Holocephalomorpha Lund 1986
+
Or. Chimaeriformes Obruchev 1953 [chimaera]
+
G. †Arctacanthus Nielsen 1932
+
Invalid names: Ancistriodus Branson 1933 [synonym], Dolophonodus Branson 1933 [synonym], Hamatus Branson 1930 [synonym]
Fm. Callorhynchidae Garman 1901 [plownose chimaera]
Subor. Chimaeroidei
G. †Crassidonta Branson 1916
Subor. †Echinochimaeroidei
G. †Icthypriapus
Subor. †Myriacanthoidei Patterson 1965
Invalid names: Chimeroidei Patterson 1965 [empty], Myracanthiodei [empty], Squalorajoidei Patterson 1965 [empty]
Unr. †Cochliodontomorpha
+
Or. †Chondrenchelyiformes Moy-Thomas 1939
Or. †Cochliodontiformes Obruchev 1953
Or. †Menaspiformes
Or. †Squalorajiformes Patterson 1965
Invalid names: Chimaerimorpha [empty]
Fm. †Lagarodontidae Lebedev 2008
+
G. †Menaspacanthus Patterson 1965
Or. †Orodontiformes Zangerl 1981
+
Fm. †Leiodontidae Ginter et al. 2010
+
G. †Cristatodens Ginter and Sun 2007
G. †Leiodus Saint John and Worthen 1875
Fm. †Orodontidae de Koninck 1878
+
G. †Adiapneustes Gistel 1848
G. †Eoorodus Branson 1914
G. †Hercynolepis Gross 1973
G. †Lophodus
G. †Octinapsis Trautschold 1874
G. †Orodus Agassiz 1836
Or. †Petalodontiformes Zangerl 1981
+
Fm. †Janassidae Jaekel 1899
+
Subfm. †Cholodinae Hodnett et al. 2023
G. †Ctenopetalus Agassiz 1837
G. †Cymatodus Newberry and Worthen 1870
G. †Dactylodus
G. †Fissodus St. John and Worthen 1875
G. †Gamphacanthus Miller 1892
G. †Gomphacanthus Davis 1884
Subfm. †Janassinae Hodnett et al. 2023
G. †Petalodopsis Barkas 1874
G. †Phoderacanthus Davis 1883
G. †Platacanthus M'Coy 1848
G. †Pnigeacanthus St John and Worthen 1883
G. †Pristicladodus M'Coy 1848
G. †Stichacanthus Koninck 1878
G. †Thoracodus Cope 1883
Fm. †Obruchevodidae Lund et al. 2014
+
G. †Clavusodens Hodnett et al. 2024
G. †Fissidopsis Lund et al. 2014
G. †Netsepoye Lund 1989
G. †Obruchevodus Grogan et al. 2014
G. †Paracymatodus
Fm. †Petalodontidae Newberry and Worthen 1866
+
G. †Antliodus Newberry and Worthen 1866
G. †Chomatodus Agassiz 1838
G. †Glossodus M'Coy 1848
G. †Glyphanodus Davis 1883
G. †Harpacodus St. John and Worthen 1875
G. †Itapyrodus Silva Santos 1990
G. †Lisgodus Saint John and Worthen 1875
G. †Neopetalodus Murata and Uyeno 1979
G. †Peltodus Newberry and Worthen 1870
G. †Polyrhizodus M'Coy 1848
G. †Strigilina Cope 1877
G. †Tanaodus St. John and Worthen 1875
Fm. †Pristodontidae Woodward 1889
+
G. †Calopodus John and Worthen 1875
G. †Davodus Hansen 1985
G. †Megactenopetalus David 1944
G. †Peripristis St. John 1870
G. †Pristodus Davis 1883
G. †Siksika Lund 1989
Invalid names: Peripristidae Eastman 1902 [synonym]
G. †Serratodus
G. †Thoralodus
Invalid names: Bradyodonti Arambourg and Bertin 1958 [synonym], Chimaeri Jaekel 1911 [empty], Debeeriformes [empty], Desmiodontidae Hansen 1985 [invalid subgroup], Desmiodus St. John and Worthen 1875 [nomen dubium], Euchondrocephali Lund and Grogan 1997 [synonym], Harpacanthidae Lund and Grogan 1997 [empty], Iniopterygiformes Zangerl and Case 1973 [empty], Paraselachiamorpha Lund 1977 [empty], Paraselachimorpha Lund 1977 [invalid subgroup], Trachyacanthi Jaekel 1911 [empty]
Infracl. †Holocephalimorpha Lund 1986
+
Or. †Iniopterygia Zangerl and Case 1973
+
Fm. †Iniopterygidae Zangerl and Case 1973
+
G. †Iniopteryx Zangerl and Case 1973
+
†Iniopteryx rushlaui Zangerl and Case 1973
†Iniopteryx tedwhitei Zangerl and Case 1973
G. †Promexyele Zangerl and Case 1973
+
†Promexyele bairdi Zangerl and Case 1973
†Promexyele peyeri Zangerl and Case 1973
G. †Inioxyle
Fm. †Sibyrhynchidae Zangerl and Case 1973
+
Fm. †Kathemacanthidae
+
G. †Leonotus
Or. †Mongolepidida Karatujute-Talimaa et al. 1990
+
Fm. †Shiqianolepidae Sansom et al. 2000
+
G. †Xinjiangichthys Wang et al. 1998
+
†Xinjiangichthys pluridentatus Wang et al. 1998
+
Invalid names: Xinjiangichthys tarimensis Wang et al. 1998 [synonym]
Or. †Omalodontiformes Turner 1997
+
Fm. †Aztecodontidae Hairapetian et al. 2008
+
Fm. †Omalodontidae Ginter et al. 2008
+
G. †Omalodus Ginter and Ivano 1992
+
†Omalodus grabaui Hussakof and Bryant 1918
+
Invalid names: Omalodus bryanti Wells 1944 [synonym], Omalodus schultzei Hampe et al. 2004 [synonym]
G. †Portalodus Long and Young 1995
G. †Siberiodus Ivanov and Rodina 2004
Or. †Phoebodontiformes Ginter et al. 2002
+
Fm. †Jalodontidae Ginter et al. 2002
+
G. †Adamantina Bendix-Almgreen 1993
+
†Adamantina benedictae Bendix-Almgreen 1993
†Adamantina foliacea Ivanov 1999
G. †Jalodus Ginter 1999
Fm. †Phoebodontidae Williams 1985
+
G. †Diademodus Harris 1951
G. †Phoebodus St. John and Worthen 1875
+
†Phoebodus bifurcatus Ginter and Ivanov 1992
†Phoebodus densneptuni Eastman 1903
†Phoebodus fastigatus Ginter and Ivanov 1992
†Phoebodus latus Ginter and Ivanov 1995
†Phoebodus macisaacsii Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Phoebodus politus Newberry 1899
†Phoebodus saidselachus Frey et al. 2019
†Phoebodus sophiae St. John and Worthen 1875
†Phoebodus springeri Saint John and Worthen 1875
G. †Thrinacodus St. John and Worthen 1875
+
†Thrinacodus bicornis Newberry 1879
†Thrinacodus duplicatus Newberry and Worthen 1866
†Thrinacodus incurvus Newberry and Worthen 1866
+
Invalid names: Harpagodens ferox Turner 1982 [synonym], Thrinacodus nanus St. John and Worthen 1875 [synonym]
Invalid names: Harpago Turner 1982 [synonym], Harpagodens Turner 1983 [synonym]
Or. †Polymerolepidiformes
+
G. †Proprigalea Johns 1997
+
†Proprigalea languidula Johns 1997
†Proprigalea mediglabra Johns 1997
†Proprigalea medirugosa Johns 1997
Fm. †Protodontidae Woodward 1932
+
G. †Dendrodus Owen 1841
+
†Dendrodus arisaigensis Whiteaves 1896
†Dendrodus biporcatus Owen 1841
†Dendrodus strigatus Owen 1841
G. †Stigmodus Brotzen 1934
Fm. †Pucapampellidae Maisey et al. 2018
+
G. †Pucapumpella Maisey and Anderson 2001
G. †Simmorius
Or. †Sinacanthida Andreev et al. 2020
+
Fm. †Sinacanthidae Min 1998
+
G. †Sinacanthus P'an Kiang 1959
+
†Sinacanthus triangulatus P'an and Liu 1975
†Sinacanthus wuchangensis P'an Kiang 1958
+
Invalid names: Sinacanthus fancunensis Liu 1973 [synonym]
Superor. †Xenacanthimorpha
+
Or. †Bransonelliformes Hampe and Ivanov 2007
+
G. †Bransonella Harlton 1933
+
†Bransonella lingulata Ivanov and Ginter 1996
†Bransonella nebraskensis Johnson 1984
†Bransonella tribula Elliott and Hodnett 2013
†Bransonella tridentata Harlton 1933
Or. †Xenacanthiformes Berg 1955
+
Fm. †Diplodoselachidae Dick 1981
+
G. †Dicentrodus Traquair 1888
G. †Diplodoselache Dick 1981
G. †Hagenoselache Hampe and Heidtke 1997
G. †Lebachacanthus Soler-Gijon 1997
Fm. †Xenacanthidae Fritsch 1889
+
G. †Acanthopleurus Agassiz 1843
G. †Aganodus Owen 1867
G. †Compsacanthus Newberry 1856
G. †Diacranodus Garman 1885
G. †Fayolia Renault and Zeiller 1884
G. †Lepacanthus Arthaber 1896
G. †Lophacanthus Stock 1880
G. †Mooreodontus Hampe and Schneider 2010
G. †Ochlodus Owen 1867
G. †Phricacanthus Davis 1879
G. †Platyacanthus Fritsch 1889
G. †Pleuracanthus Agassiz 1837
G. †Plicatodus Hampe 1995
G. †Pternodus Owen 1867
G. †Triodus Jordan 1849
G. †Wurdigneria Richter 2005
G. †Xenacanthus Beyrich 1848
Invalid names: Clamydoselachidae [empty], Ctenoptychius ordii Davis 1881 [nomen dubium], Desmiodontida Zangerl 1981 [empty], Mongolepidiformes [empty], Rhinobatiformes Müller and Henle 1837 [empty], Subterbranchialia Zangerl 1979 [empty]
Unr. †Eugnathostomata
+
Unr. Teleostomi Bonaparte 1836
+
Fm. †Lepidopidae
+
G. †Paraleucolepidopa Calado 1996
+
†Paraleucolepidopa distincta Gomes Correa 1968
†Paraleucolepidopa myops Stimpson 1860
Invalid names: Podopterygia Cope 1887 [empty], Rhipidopterygia Cope 1887 [empty]
Invalid names: Chondrichthyomorphi [empty]
Cl. Osteichthyes Huxley 1880 [bony fish]
+
Supercl. Actinopterygii Cope 1887 [ray-finned fish]
+
Fm. †Aesopichthyidae Poplin and Lund 2000
+
Subor. †Aetheospondyli Woodward 1895
+
Fm. Lepisosteidae Cuvier 1825
+
G. †Opsigonus Gorjanović-Kramberger 1882
G. †Paralepidosteus Arambourg and Joleaud 1943
G. †Akanolepis Kazantseva-Selezneva 1981
+
†Akanolepis allae Minich 1998
†Akanolepis decernans Kazantseva-Selezneva 1977
G. †Anapterus Sauvage 1873
+
†Anapterus elongatus Sauvage 1870
†Anapterus megistosoma Sauvage 1870
†Anapterus siculus Sauvage 1873
G. †Aneurolepis White and Moy-Thomas 1941
+
†Aneurolepis macroptera Bellotti 1857
+
Invalid names: Urolepis elongatus Bellotti 1857 [synonym], Urolepis microlepidota Bellotti 1857 [synonym]
Invalid names: Urolepis Bellotti 1857 [replaced]
G. †Burguklia Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
+
†Burguklia gdali Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980
†Burguklia minichorum Bakaev and Kogan 2020
G. †Diplospondichthys Filleul and Dutheil 2004
+
†Diplospondichthys moreaui Filleul and Dutheil 2004
Fm. †Discordichthyidae Minikh 1998
+
G. †Geryonichthys Minikh 1998
+
†Geryonichthys burchardi Minich 1998
†Geryonichthys longus Minich 1998
G. †Echidnocephalus von der Marck 1858
+
†Echidnocephalus tenuicaudus von der Marck 1858
†Echidnocephalus troscheli von der Marck 1858
G. Engraulis Cuvier 1817
+
Engraulis australis White 1790
Engraulis encrasicolus Linnaeus 1758
†Engraulis mordax Girard 1845
Subor. †Eurekichthyoidei Lowney 1980
+
Invalid names: Eurekichthyidae Lowney 1980 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Eurypoma Huxley 1866
G. †Guaymayenia Rusconi 1887
+
†Guaymayenia paramillensis Rusconi 1946
†Guaymayenia paramillisensis Rusconi 1946
Fm. †Gyrolepidotidae Gardiner 1967
+
Or. †Isospondyli Cope 1887
+
Subor. Salmonoidea
+
Fm. †Cyclolepidae David 1946
Invalid names: Aplochitonidae [empty], Microstomidae [empty], Thymallidae [empty]
Invalid names: Notopteroidei [empty], Pholidophoroidei [empty], Sauropsidae Cope 1877 [empty], Scyphophori [empty], Stomiatioidei [empty]
G. †Kalops Poplin and Lund 2002
+
†Kalops diophrys Poplin and Lund 2002
†Kalops monophrys Poplin and Lund 2002
G. †Kutaichthys Esin and Bakaev 2022
+
†Kutaichthys dozmerensis Esin and Bakaev 2022
†Kutaichthys gubini Esin and Bakaev 2022
G. †Lineagruan Mickle et al. 2009
+
†Lineagruan judithi Mickle et al. 2009
†Lineagruan snowyi Mickle et al. 2009
G. †Meisenheimichthys Poschmann and Schindler 2004
+
†Meisenheimichthys breitenheimensis Poschmann and Schindler 2004
†Meisenheimichthys glanensis Schindler 2006
†Meisenheimichthys palatinus Poschmann and Schindler 2004
+
Invalid names: Elonichthys palatinus Schindler 1993 [replaced]
Fm. †Moythomasiidae Kazantseva 1971
+
G. †Opistopteryx Pictet and Humbert 1866
+
†Opistopteryx curtus Davis 1887
†Opistopteryx gracilis Pictet 1850
Or. †Palaeonisciformes Hay 1902
+
G. †Agecephalichthys Wade 1935
G. †Arratiaichthys Richter and Breitkreuz 1997
+
†Arratiaichthys chilensis Richter and Breitkreuz 1997
Fm. †Atherstoniidae Gardiner
+
G. †Borichthys
G. †Browneichthys Woodward 1889
G. †Burbonella
G. †Caelatichthys Lombardo 2002
+
†Caelatichthys meridensis Lombardo 2002
†Caelatichthys nitens Lombardo 2002
G. †Cosmolepis Egerton 1858
G. †Drydenius Traquair 1890
+
†Drydenius insignis Traquair 1890
†Drydenius molyneuxi Traquair 1888
Invalid names: Microconodus Traquair 1877 [synonym]
G. †Gardinerichthys
G. †Gyrolepidoides Cabrera 1944
G. †Igornella Heyer 1969
+
†Igornella comblei Heyler 1969
†Igornella montcellensis Heyler and Poplin 1994
Fm. †Igornichthyidae Heyler 1977
+
G. †Commentrya Sauvage 1888
G. †Igornichthys Heyler 1977
G. †Setlikia Štamberg and Zajíc 1994
G. †Letovichthys Štamberg 2007
+
†Letovichthys multidentatus Štamberg 2007
†Letovichthys tuberculatus Štamberg 2007
G. †Mansfieldiscus Long 1988
+
†Mansfieldiscus gibbus Woodward 1906
†Mansfieldiscus sweeti Woodward 1906
Invalid names: Cosmolepides M'Coy 1890 [synonym]
Subor. †Palaeoniscoidei
+
Fm. †Amblypteridae
Fm. †Birgeriidae Berg 1940
Fm. †Dicellopygidae Romer 1945
G. †Lawrenciella Poplin 1984
G. †Muensterichthys Schaumberg 1989
Fm. †Palaeoniscidae Vogt 1852
Fm. †Pygopteridae Aldinger 1937
Fm. †Rhabdolepidae
Fm. †Rhadinichthyidae Romer 1945
G. †Zhejiangichthys Wang et al. 2007
G. †Palaeothrissum de Blainville 1818
G. †Plesiococcolepis Wang 1977
G. †Protamblyptera
G. †Psilichthys Hall 1900
G. †Rhabdolepis Troschel 1857
+
†Rhabdolepis macropterus Bronn 1829
†Rhabdolepis saarbrueckensis Gardiner 1963
G. †Songanella Saint-Seine and Casier 1962
Fm. †Trissolepidae Štamberg 2013
+
G. †Zaxilepis Su 1994
Invalid names: Bobasatraniiformes [synonym], Palaeoniscida [synonym]
Or. †Paleonisciformes
+
Or. †Paramblypteriformes Heyler 1969
+
G. †Amblypterus Agassiz 1833
+
†Amblypterus agassizii Munster 1835
†Amblypterus arcuatus Egerton 1850
†Amblypterus baylei Sauvage 1890
†Amblypterus beaumonti Egerton 1850
†Amblypterus berthieri Sauvage 1893
†Amblypterus bibractensis Sauvage 1893
†Amblypterus carolinae Hay 1902
†Amblypterus caudatus Heckel and Kner 1861
†Amblypterus decorus Egerton 1850
†Amblypterus eupterygius Agassiz 1833
†Amblypterus kashmiriensis Woodward 1905
†Amblypterus lateralis Agassiz 1833
†Amblypterus macropterus Bronn 1829
†Amblypterus magnus Sauvage 1890
†Amblypterus obliquus Heckel and Kner 1861
†Amblypterus orientalis Eichwald 1860
†Amblypterus ornatus Emmons 1857
†Amblypterus stewarti Romer 1942
†Amblypterus symmetricus Woodward 1905
†Amblypterus tenuicauda Troschel 1851
†Amblypterus traquairi Woodward 1891
Invalid names: Amblypterus latus Agassiz 1833 [nomen dubium], Archaeoniscus Sauvage 1890 [synonym]
G. †Paramblypterus Blot 1966
+
†Amblypterus rohani Heckel and Kner 1861
+
Invalid names: Amblypterus luridus Heckel and Kner 1861 [synonym], Paramblypterus caudatus Heckel and Kner 1861 [synonym], Paramblypterus luridus Heckel and Kner 1861 [synonym], Paramblypterus obliquus Heckel and Kner 1861 [synonym]
†Paramblypterus comblei Heyler 1969
†Paramblypterus decorus Egerton 1850
†Paramblypterus duvernoyi Agassiz 1833
†Paramblypterus feistmanteli Fritsch 1895
†Paramblypterus gelberti Goldfuss 1847
†Paramblypterus reussi Heckel and Kner 1861
†Paramblypterus vratislaviensis Agassiz 1834
†Paramblypterus zeidleri Fritsch 1895
Invalid names: Chalkichthys Fritsch 1894 [synonym], Cosmopoma Sauvage 1890 [synonym]
Subor. †Phanerosteonoidei Lowney 1980
+
Invalid names: Phanerosteonidae Lowney 1980 [invalid subgroup]
G. †Rhynchorhinus Woodward 1901
+
†Rhynchorhinus branchialis Woodward 1901
†Rhynchorhinus major Woodward 1901
G. †Roslerichthys Hamel 2005
+
†Roslerichthys riomafrensis Hamel 2005
†Roslerichthys riomafrensis Hamel 2005
Or. Tetraodontiformes Berg 1940
+
G. Alutera Oken 1817
G. †Atlanticopristis Pereira and Medeiros 2008
+
†Atlanticopristis equatorialis Pereira and Medeiros 2008
Subor. Balistoidei Kumar and Loyal 1987
+
Fm. Balistidae
Superfm. †Bolcabalistoidea
Fm. †Eotrigonodontidae White 1935
Superfm. †Moclaybalistoidea Santini and Tyler 2003
Fm. Monacanthidae
Superfm. Triacanthoidea
Invalid names: Balistoidea [empty]
Fm. †Bolcabalistidae
+
G. †Bolcabalistes Tyler and Sorbini 1998
G. †Eospinus Tyler and Bannikov 1992
G. †Eodiodon Casier 1952
G. †Kyrtogymnodon Tavani 1955
G. †Oligodiodon Tavani 1955
Subor. Tetraodontoidei
+
Fm. †Avitoplectidae Bemis et al. 2017
Fm. †Balkariidae Bannikov et al. 2017
G. †Ctenoplectus Close et al. 2016
Fm. Diodontidae
Invalid names: Eoplectoidea [empty], Moloidea [empty], Tetraodontoidea [empty], Triodontoidea [empty]
Invalid names: Trigonodontoidae Weiler 1929 [empty]
G. †Thryptodus Loomis 1900
G. †Trawdenia Coates and Tietjen 2018
+
†Trawdenia carricki Coates 1993
†Trawdenia pancheni Coates 1993
†Trawdenia planti Traquair 1888
Invalid names: Bobastraniiformes [empty], Cenechoia paramillensis Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Cenechoia sulcata Rusconi 1947 [nomen dubium], Eurynotiformes Sallan and Coates 2013 [empty], Eurynotus uspallatensis Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Gyrolepidoides cuyanus Cabrera 1944 [nomen dubium], Lepidotus pectoralis Bellotti 1857 [nomen dubium], Lepidotus trotti Balsamo-Crivelli 1839 [nomen dubium], Neochallaia leonensis Rusconi 1952 [nomen dubium], Ophiopsis lariensis de Alessandri 1910 [nomen dubium], Palaeonisci [invalid subgroup], Palaeoniscimorpha Lund et al. 1995 [invalid subgroup], Palaeoniscoidae Rohon 1890 [invalid subgroup], Palaeoniscoidea [invalid subgroup], Pholidophorus dentatus Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Pholidophorus lepturus Bellotti 1857 [nomen dubium], Pholidophorus vallejensis Rusconi 1947 [nomen dubium], Polypteri [empty], Protospondyli Woodward 1895 [empty], Semionotus brevis Bellotti 1857 [nomen dubium], Semionotus dubius Bellotti 1857 [nomen dubium], Semionotus inornatus Henry 1876 [nomen dubium], Semionotus mendozaensis Geinitz 1885 [nomen dubium], Semionotus unicristatus Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium], Semionotus vallejensis Rusconi 1950 [nomen dubium]
Subcl. Actinopterygii Cope 1887 [ray-finned fish]
+
Infracl. Actinopteri Cope 1871
+
G. †Angatubichthys De Figueriredo and Carvalho 2004
+
†Angatubichthys mendesi De Figueriredo and Carvalho 2004
G. †Moythomasia Gross 1950
+
†Moythomasia antiqua Gross 1953
†Moythomasia devonica Clarke 1885
†Moythomasia durgaringa Gardiner and Bartram 1977
†Moythomasia laevigata Gross 1953
†Moythomasia lineata Choo 2015
†Moythomasia nitida Gross 1953
†Moythomasia perforata Gross 1942
†Moythomasia striata Gross 1953
Invalid names: Aldingeria Gross 1942 [replaced]
Unr. Neopterygii Regan 1923
+
G. †Ducanichthys Bürgin et al. 1991
G. †Frodoichthys Sun et al. 2016
Fm. †Gebrayelichthyidae Nursall and Capasso 2004
G. †Gimlichthys Sun et al. 2016
Unr. Ginglymodi Cope 1871
Fm. †Guildayichthyidae Lund 2000
Unr. Halecomorphi Cope 1872
Infracl. Holostei Müller 1846
Fm. †Lombardinidae Saint-Seine 1955
Or. †Louwoichthyiformes Xu 2020
Or. †Luganoiiformes Lehman 1958
Or. †Peltopleuriformes
Or. †Pholidopleuriformes
G. †Plesiofuro Su 1993
Or. †Pycnodontiformes Berg 1937
Fm. †Signeuxellidae Saint-Seine 1955
Fm. †Sphaerodontidae
Invalid names: Venusichthyidae Xu and Zhao 2016 [invalid subgroup]
Or. †Scanilepidiformes Sytchevskaya 1999
+
G. †Beishanichthys Xu and Gao 2011
Fm. †Evenkiidae Selezneva 1985
Fm. †Tarrasiidae
+
G. †Paratarrasius Lund and Melton Jr. 1982
Invalid names: Apholidotos Lund 1991 [nomen dubium]
Unr. Teleosteomorpha Arratia et al. 2004
+
Superor. Acanthopterygii Rosen and Patterson 1969
Unr. †Aspidorhynchei Nelson et al. 2016
Fm. †Barschichthyidae Arratia and Schultze 2024
Unr. Lampripterygii Betancur-R et al. 2017
Fm. †Marcopoloichthyidae Tintori et al. 2008
Fm. †Palaeolabridae Estes 1969
Unr. Paracanthopterygii Greenwood et al. 1966
Unr. Polymixiipterygii Betancur-R et al. 2017
Fm. †Pseudoberycidae Berg 1940
G. †Ruedersdorfia Arratia and Schultze 2024
Unr. Teleostei Müller 1846
Invalid names: Discordichthyiformes Minikh 1998 [empty], Docopteri Cope 1877 [empty], Inichthyidae Kazantseva-Selezneva 1981 [empty], Lysopteri Cope 1880 [empty], Merospondyli Cope 1887 [empty], Mesichthyes Hay 1902 [empty], Palaeophoxinus Coates 1988 [nomen nudum], Phthinobranchii Hay 1902 [empty], Plectospondyli Cope 1872 [empty]
Infracl. Chondrostei Müller 1844
+
Or. Acipenseriformes Berg 1940
+
Fm. Acipenseridae Bonaparte 1831
Subor. Acipenseroidei
Subor. †Chondrosteoidei Grande and Bemis 1991
G. †Eochondrosteus Lu et al. 2005
Fm. †Errolichthyidae Lehman 1952
Fm. Polyodontidae Bonaparte 1838 [paddlefish]
Invalid names: Acipenseriodei Nelson 2016 [empty], Acipenseristomi Grande and Bemis 1996 [empty], Peipiaosteoidei Grande and Bemis 1996 [empty], Saurichthidae Mishra et al. 1990 [empty]
Invalid names: Asterodontidae [empty], Cheirolepiformes [empty], Chondrosteiformes [empty], Diphyodontidae [empty], Guidayichthyiformes Lund 2000 [empty], Polyodonti Jaekel 1911 [empty], Sturii Jaekel 1911 [empty]
Fm. †Coccocephalichthyidae Fowler 1951
+
G. †Coccocephalus Watson 1925
+
†Coccocephalus baldwini Poplin and Véran 1996
+
Invalid names: Cocconiscus baldwini Poplin 1974 [replaced]
†Coccocephalus tessellatus Poplin and Véran 1996
+
Invalid names: Coccocephalichthys tessellatus Beltan 1981 [replaced]
†Coccocephalus wildi Watson 1925
Invalid names: Coccocephalichthys Whitley 1940 [replaced], Cocconiscus White and Moy-Thomas 1940 [replaced]
Fm. †Coccolepidae Berg 1940
+
G. †Coccolepis Agassiz 1843
+
†Coccolepis andrewsi Woodward and Sherborn 1890
†Coccolepis australis Woodward 1891
†Coccolepis bucklandi Agassiz 1843
†Coccolepis liassicus Woodward 1890
†Coccolepis macropterus Traquair 1911
†Coccolepis woodwardi Waldman 1971
G. †Concentrilepis Stack and Gottfried 2022
+
†Concentrilepis minnekahtaensis Stack and Gottfried 2022
Or. †Elonichthyiformes Kazantseva-Selezneva 1977
+
Fm. †Acrolepidae Aldinger 1937
+
G. †Acropholis Aldinger 1937
G. †Challaia
G. †Gondwanichthys Beltan 1977
G. †Kasanilepis Minich 1996
G. †Mesonichthys Gardiner 1963
G. †Namaichthys Gürich 1923
G. †Palaeostrugia Esin 1995
G. †Plegmolepis Aldinger 1937
G. †Progyrolepis Fritsch 1893
G. †Reticulolepis Aldinger 1937
G. †Tholonotus Dunkle and Schaeffer 1956
G. †Watsonichthys Aldinger 1937
Invalid names: Challaia cacheutensis Rusconi 1950 [nomen dubium], Challaia multidentata Rusconi 1949 [nomen dubium], Challaia striata Rusconi 1946 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Eigiliidae Kazan'tseva 1981
+
G. †Carbonilepis Beltan 1977
G. †Eigilia Kazantzeva-Selezneva 1977
G. †Sludalepis Minikh 2001
G. †Strelnia Minich
Fm. †Elonichthyidae Aldinger 1937
+
G. †Alilepis Yankevich 1998
G. †Elonichthys Giebel 1848
G. †Santosichthys Malabarba 1988
Invalid names: Acrolepis addamsi Broom 1913 [nomen dubium]
Fm. †Gonatodidae Gardiner 1967
+
G. †Novogonatodus Long 1988
G. †Plotnikovichthys Minikh 2001
G. †Pseudogonatodus Gardiner 1967
G. †Usolia Yankevich 1998
G. †Samarichthys Minikh 1990
+
†Samarichthys luxus Minikh 1990
†Samarichthys nikolaevae Esin and Mashin 1996
Or. †Eurynotoidiformes Minikh and Minikh 1990
+
Fm. †Eurynotoidiidae Minikh and Minikh 1990
+
G. †Adzvalepis Yankevich 1998
G. †Eurynotoides Berg 1940
G. †Isadia Minikh 1986
G. †Kichkassia Minick 1986
G. †Lapkosubia Minikh 1986
Unr. Halecostomi Regan 1903
+
Fm. †Haplolepidae Westoll 1944
+
G. †Blairolepis Lowney 1983
+
†Blairolepis loanheadensis Lowney 1983
†Blairolepis wallacei Elliott 2018
G. †Haplolepis Miller 1892
+
Subg. †Haplolepis (Parahaplolepis) Westoll 1944
†Haplolepis attheyi Westoll 1944
†Haplolepis corrugata Newberry 1856
†Haplolepis minima Newberry 1873
†Haplolepis ornatissima Newberry 1856
†Haplolepis striolata Newberry 1873
Invalid names: Mecolepis Newberry 1856 [synonym], Mekolepis Newberry 1856 [synonym]
G. †Microhaplolepis Lowney 1980
+
†Microhaplolepis ovoidea Newberry 1856
†Microhaplolepis serrata Newberry 1856
Subfm. †Parahaplolepinae Lowney 1983
+
G. †Andrewsolepis Elliott 2018
G. †Braccohaplolepis Elliott 2018
G. †Millerolepis Elliott 2014
G. †Parahaplolepis Westoll 1944
G. †Pyritocephalus Fritsch 1893
G. †Protohaplolepis Lowney 1983
+
†Protohaplolepis isabellae Elliott 2014
†Protohaplolepis limnades Elliott 2014
†Protohaplolepis scotica Traquair 1903
†Protohaplolepis traquairi Elliott 2014
Fm. †Howqualepididae Long et al. 2008
+
G. †Mesopoma R. H. Traquair 1890
+
†Mesopoma ardrossense Moy-Thomas 1938
†Mesopoma fusiforme Traquair 1881
†Mesopoma macrocephalum Traquair 1890
†Mesopoma planti Traquair 1888
†Mesopoma smithsoni Coates 1993
Invalid names: Mesopoma becketense Lowney 1980 [nomen nudum]
Fm. †Mimiidae Gardiner 1993
+
G. †Mimipiscis Choo 2012
+
†Mimipiscis bartrami Choo 2012
†Mimipiscis toombsi Gardiner and Bartram 1977
Invalid names: Mimia Gardiner and Bartram 1977 [replaced]
Or. †Percomorphi
+
Unr. Bramiformes
+
Fm. †Elephenoridae
Invalid names: Dianidae [empty], Pteraclidae [empty], Steinegeridae [empty]
Subor. Squamipennes
+
Invalid names: Chaetodontiformes [empty], Toxotiformes [empty], Zancliformes [empty]
Invalid names: Carangoidea [empty], Chaetodontoidea [empty], Coryphaeniformes [empty], Luvariformes [empty], Xiphiiformes [empty], Zaproroidea [empty]
Or. †Platysomiformes Aldinger 1937
+
Fm. †Platysomidae
+
G. †Aestuarichthys Gardiner 1969
G. †Caruichthys Broom 1913
G. †Ecrinesomus Woodward 1910
G. †Enzichthys Selezneva 1988
G. †Eurynotus Agassiz 1835
G. †Eurysomus Young 1866
G. †Kargalichthys Minikh 1986
G. †Ningxiaplatysomus Tan et al. 2015
G. †Paramesolepis Moy-Thomas and Dyne 1938
G. †Paranaichthys Dias 2012
G. †Sinoplatysomus Wei 1977
G. †Soetendalichthys Gardiner 1969
G. †Ufalepis Minikh 1998
G. †Wardichthys Traquair 1875
G. †Pteronisculus White 1933
+
†Pteronisculus aldingeri Nielsen 1942
†Pteronisculus arambourgi Lehman 1952
†Pteronisculus arcticus Schultze et al. 2021
+
Invalid names: Glaucolepis arctica Stensiö 1932 [synonym], Glaucolepis arctica Stensiö 1932 [synonym]
†Pteronisculus broughi Lehman 1952
†Pteronisculus changae Ren and Xu 2021
†Pteronisculus cicatrosus White 1933
†Pteronisculus gunnari Nielsen 1942
†Pteronisculus gyrolepidoides Stensiö 1921
†Pteronisculus laetus Gardiner 1966
†Pteronisculus macropterus White 1933
†Pteronisculus magna Nielsen 1942
†Pteronisculus meiringi Gardiner and Jubb 1975
†Pteronisculus nevadanus Romano et al. 2019
†Pteronisculus nielseni Xu et al. 2014
†Pteronisculus stensioi Nielsen 1942
Invalid names: Glaucolepis Stensiö 1921 [replaced]
Or. †Ptycholepidiformes
+
G. †Chungkingichthys Su 1974
Fm. †Ptycholepididae Brough 1939
+
G. †Acrorhabdus Stensiö 1921
G. †Ardoreosomus Romano et al. 2019
G. †Boreosomus Stensiö 1921
G. †Ptycholepis Agassiz 1832
Or. †Redfieldiiformes Berg 1940
+
Or. †Rhadinichthyiformes Lowney 1980
+
Fm. †Willomorichthyidae Gardiner 1969
+
G. †Catastropheichthys Evans 2005
G. †Darlingtonichthys Evans 2005
G. †Glenconnorichthys Evans 2005
G. †Sinoniscus Liu and Wang 1979
G. †Willomorichthys Gardiner 1969
Invalid names: Rhadinichthyoidei Lowney 1980 [empty]
Or. †Saurichthyiformes
+
Fm. †Saurichthyidae Stensiö 1925
+
G. †Brevisaurichthys Beltan 1972
G. †Systolichthys Beltan 1972
Invalid names: Belonorhynchidae Woodward 1888 [synonym]
Or. †Scleroparei
+
Fm. †Tienshaniscidae Liu and Wang 1978
+
Fm. †Turseoidae Bock 1959
+
G. †Gwyneddichtis Bock 1959
+
†Gwyneddichtis gwyneddensis Bock 1959
†Gwyneddichtis major Bock 1959
†Gwyneddichtis minor Bock 1959
Invalid names: Amblypteriformes Heyler 1969 [empty], Berycomorphi [empty], Dorypteriformes [empty], Guildayichthyiformes Lund 2000 [empty], Gyrolepidoides multistriatus Rusconi 1948 [nomen dubium], Irajapintoseidae Beltan 1990 [empty], Phanerorhynchiformes [empty], Phanerosteoniformes Lowney 1980 [empty], Uydeniidae Kazantseva-Selezneva 1980 [empty]
Fm. †Andreolepididae Märss 2001
+
Fm. Coregonidae
+
Or. †Dialipiniformes
+
G. †Dialipina Schultze 1968
+
†Dialipina markae Schultze 1992
†Dialipina salgueiroensis Schultze 1968
Or. Ganoidei Agassiz
+
Subor. Lepidosteidae Owen 1859
+
Invalid names: Glaniostomi [empty], Lepidoganoidei [empty], Placoganoidei [empty], Pycnodonti [empty], Rhomboganoidei [empty], Selachostomi [empty]
Subfm. †Histiothrissinae Arambourg 1955
+
G. †Histiothrissa Woodward 1901
+
†Histiothrissa crassapinna Davis 1887
†Histiothrissa macrodactyla von der Marck 1858
Or. †Iniomi
+
Subor. Chondrichthyes
+
G. †Areyongalepis Young 2000
+
†Areyongalepis oervigi Young 1997
Invalid names: Areyonga Young 1997 [replaced]
Invalid names: Bathypteroidae [empty], Cetunculi [empty], Harpodontidae [empty], Malacosteidae [empty], Omosudidae [empty], Plagyodontidae [empty]
Fm. †Lophosteidae Gross 1969
+
G. †Lophosteus Pander 1856
+
†Lophosteus canadensis Schultze and Märss 2004
†Lophosteus connexus Schultze and Märss 2004
†Lophosteus incrementus Burrow 1995
†Lophosteus ohesaarensis Schultze and Märss 2004
†Lophosteus superbus Pander 1856
†Lophosteus uralensis Schultze and Märss 2004
G. †Nothosoma Agassiz 1843
+
†Nothosoma octostychius Egerton 1858
†Nothosomus laevissimus Agassiz 1834
G. †Preophiodon
Subcl. Sarcopterygii Romer 1955 [lobe-finned fish]
+
+
Or. Coelacanthiformes Berg 1937 [coelacanth]
+
G. †Canningius
Fm. Coelacanthidae Agassiz 1843
Subor. †Coelacanthoidei Berg 1937
G. †Coelacanthopsis
G. †Cualabaea
G. †Dobrogeria Cavin and Grădinaru 2014
G. †Holoptychus Agassiz 1843
Fm. Latimeriidae Berg 1940
Subor. †Latimeroidei Schultze 1993
G. †Lochmocercus Lund and Lund 1984
G. †Luopingcoelacanthus Wen et al. 2013
Fm. †Miguashaiidae Schultze 1993
Fm. †Rhabdodermatidae Berg 1958
G. †Sinocoelacanthus Liu 1964
Fm. †Whiteiidae Schultze 1993
G. †Yunnancoelacanthus Wen et al. 2013
Invalid names: Coelacanthiidae [empty], Diplocercidae Berg 1940 [empty], Hadronectoridae Lund and Lund 1984 [empty]
Invalid names: Actinistia Cope 1870 [synonym]
Subcl. Dipnotetrapodomorpha Nelson 2006
+
Unr. Choanata Säve-Söderbergh 1934
+
Unr. Eutetrapoda Säve-Söderbergh 1934
Unr. Stegocephali Cope 1868
G. †Diabolepis Chang and Yu 1984
+
†Diabolepis speratus Chang and Yu 1984
Invalid names: Diabolichthys Holmes 1856 [replaced]
Unr. Dipnomorpha Ahlberg 1991
+
Fm. †Powichthyidae Jessen 1975
Invalid names: Porolepimorpha [empty]
Infracl. †Onychodontida Andrews 1973
+
Subcl. Tetrapodomorpha Ahlberg 1991
+
Fm. †Canowindridae Young et al. 1992
G. †Densignathus Daeschler 2000
Fm. †Elginerpetontidae Ahlberg 1995
Unr. †Elpistostegalia Camp and Alison 1961
Unr. †Eotetrapodiformes Coates and Friedman 2010
G. †Gogonasus Long 1985
G. †Harajicadectes Choo et al. 2023
G. †Hynerpeton Daeschler et al. 1994
Fm. †Ichthyostegidae Save-Soderbergh 1932
G. †Jakubsonia Lebedev 2004
G. †Kenichthys Chang and Zhu 1993
G. †Livoniana Ahlberg et al. 2000
G. †Metaxygnathus Campbell and Bell 1977
Infracl. †Osteolepidida Boulenger 1901
Infracl. †Rhizodontida Andrews and Westoll 1970
G. †Sinostega Zhu et al. 2002
G. †Spodichthys Jarvik 1985
Unr. Tetrapoda Jaekel 1911 [tetrapod]
Fm. †Tulerpetidae Lebedev and Coates 1995
G. †Tungsenia Lu et al. 2012
G. †Ventastega Ahlberg et al. 1994
Invalid names: Cricodus Agassiz 1843 [nomen dubium], Elginerpetidae Ahlberg 1995 [empty]
Invalid names: Osteolepidimorpha [empty], Rhizodontimorpha [empty]
G. †Ligulalepis Schultze 1968
+
†Ligulalepis toombsi Schultze 1968
†Ligulalepis yunnanensis Wang and Dong 1989
Infracl. Rhipidistia Cope 1887
+
Invalid names: Osteolepidoidea [empty], Panderichthyida Vorobyeva 1989 [empty]
Or. †Rhizodontiformes Andrews and Westoll 1970
+
Infracl. Tetrapoda Jaekel 1911 [tetrapod]
+
Invalid names: Actinistia Cope 1870 [empty], Akinetia Gardiner 1984 [empty], Crossopterygii Huxley 1861 [replaced], Lepidosireniformes Savage 1951 [empty], Onychodontia Jaekel 1911 [empty]
G. †Tythonichthys
Invalid names: Cephaloxeniformes [empty], Euteleostomi [synonym], Pattonia Peach 1899 [nomen vanum], Pattonia couttsi Peach 1899 [nomen vanum], Pisces Linnaeus 1758 [synonym]
Cl. †Placodermi M'Coy 1848 [armour-plated fish]
+
Or. †Acanthothoraci Stensiö 1944
+
G. †Breizosteus Goujet 1980
Fm. †Palaeacanthaspidae Stensio 1944
+
G. †Radotina Gross 1950
+
†Radotina kosorensis Gross 1950
†Radotina prima Barrande 1872
†Radotina tesselata Gross 1958
Invalid names: Kolymaspididae Bystrow 1956 [empty], Radotinidae Arambourg 1958 [empty]
Unr. †Antiarchi Cope 1885
+
Or. †Asterolepidiformes
+
Fm. †Asterolepididae Traquair 1888
+
G. †Asterolepis Eichwald 1840
G. †Stegolepis Malinovskaya 1973
Invalid names: Pterichthyidae [synonym]
Invalid names: Asperaspididae Moloshnikov 2012 [empty]
Or. †Bothriolepidiformes
+
Fm. †Bothriolepididae Cope 1886
+
G. †Briagalepis Long et al. 1990
G. †Chahuaqingolepis Liu et al. 2023
G. †Grossilepis Stensiö 1948
G. †Houershanaspis Lu et al. 2017
G. †Livnolepis Moloshnikov 2008
G. †Monarolepis Young 1988
G. †Vietnamaspis Long et al. 1990
G. †Wufengshania Pan et al. 2018
Invalid names: Bothriolepidae Cope 1886 [synonym]
Fm. †Dianolepididae Long 1983
+
G. †Dianolepis Chang 1965
G. †Jiangxilepis Zhang and Liu 1991
G. †Kirgisolepis Panteleyev 1992
Invalid names: Jiangxilepidae Zhang and Liu 1991 [synonym], Tenizolepidinae Moloshnikov 2012 [invalid subgroup], Wudinolepidae Chang 1965 [synonym]
Fm. †Tubalepididae Moloshnikov 2011
+
G. †Tongdulepis Luo et al. 2025
G. †Tubalepis Panteleyev and Moloshnikov 2003
G. †Macrodontophion Zborzewski 1834
+
Fm. †Macropetalichthyidae Eastman 1898
+
G. †Acanthaspis Newberry 1875
G. †Ellopetalichthys Orvig 1957
G. †Epipetalichthys Stensio 1925
G. †Guangxipetalichthys Ji and Pan 1997
G. †Heintzaspis Strand 1932
G. †Lunaspis Broili 1929
G. †Macropetalichthys Norwood and Owen 1846
G. †Notopetalichthys Woodward 1941
G. †Pampetalichthys Zhu 2000
G. †Sinopetalichthys P'an et al. 1975
G. †Wijdeaspis Obruchev 1964
Invalid names: Heintzaspidae Strand 1942 [synonym]
Fm. †Quasipetalichthyidae Liu 1991
+
G. †Pauropetalichthys Pan et al. 2015
G. †Quasipetalichthys Liu 1973
Fm. †Minicranidae Jia 2008
+
G. †Minicrania Zhu and Janvier 1996
+
†Minicrania lirouyii Zhu and Janvier 1996
†Minicrania lissa Janvier and Phuong 1999
Or. †Ptyctodontiformes
+
Fm. †Ptyctodontidae Woodward 1891
+
G. †Acmoniodus Hussakof and Bryant 1920
G. †Aulacosteus Eichwald 1846
G. †Chelyophorus Agassiz 1845
G. †Ctenurella Ørvig 1960
G. †Desmoporella Orvig 1971
G. †Goniosteus Gross 1933
G. †Materpiscis Long et al. 2008
G. †Palaeomylus Woodward 1891
G. †Ptyctodopsis Denison 1985
G. †Ptyctodus Pander 1858
G. †Ramphodus Jaekel 1903
G. †Rhynchodus Newberry 1873
G. Rinodus Newberry and Worthen 1866
Invalid names: Aulacosteidae Fowler 1947 [synonym]
Fm. †Silurolepidae Zhang et al. 2010
+
Or. †Sinolepiformes
+
Fm. †Sinolepidae Liu and P'an 1958
+
G. †Dayaoshania Ritchie et al. 1992
G. †Grenfellaspis Ritchie et al. 1992
G. †Sinolepis Liu and Pan 1958
Or. †Yunnanolepidiformes Zhang 1978
+
Fm. †Yunnanolepididae Zhang 1978
+
G. †Heteroyunnanolepis Wang 1994
G. †Mizia Zhu 1996
G. †Parayunnanolepis Zhang et al. 2001
G. †Yunnanolepis Liu 1963
Invalid names: Chuchinolepididae [empty]
Invalid names: Antiarchi Cope 1885 [synonym]
Unr. †Arthrodira Woodward 1891
+
Fm. †Acanthaspida Heintz 1921
+
Or. †Actinolepidiformes
+
Fm. †Actinolepididae Gross 1940
+
G. †Actinolepis Agassiz 1845
G. †Aethaspis Denison 1958
G. †Ailuracantha White 1969
G. †Aleosteus Johnson et al. 2000
G. †Anarthraspis Bryant 1934
G. †Baringaspis Miles 1973
G. †Bollandaspis Schmidt 1976
G. †Bryantolepis Denison 1958
G. †Heightingtonaspis White 1969
G. †Lataspis Strand 1932
G. †Lehmanosteus Goujet 1984
G. †Proaethaspis Denison 1978
G. †Sigaspis Goujet 1973
G. †Simblaspis Denison 1958
G. †Stuertzaspis Westoll and Miles 1963
G. †Szelepis Liu 1979
Fm. †Antarctaspididae White 1968
+
G. †Antarctaspis White 1968
G. †Potangaspis Zhu et al. 2010
G. †Yujiangolepis Wang and Wang 1998
Fm. †Phyllolepidae Woodward 1891
+
G. †Austrophyllolepis Long 1984
G. †Cowralepis Ritchie 2005
G. †Pentagonolepis Lohest 1890
G. †Phyllolepis Agassiz 1843
G. †Placolepis Ritchie 1984
G. †Africanaspis Long et al. 1997
+
†Africanaspis doryssa Long et al. 1997
†Africanaspis edmountaini Gess and Trinajstic 2017
G. †Aspidichthys Newberry 1873
+
†Aspidichthys clavatus Newberry 1873
†Aspidichthys ingens Koenen 1883
†Aspidichthys notabilis Whiteaves 1892
G. †Atlantidosteus Lelievre 1984
G. †Callognathus Newberry 1890
+
†Callognathus regularis Newberry 1889
†Callognathus serratus Newberry 1889
Or. †Coccosteina Heintz 1932
+
Invalid names: Euleptaspididae Obruchev 1964 [empty], Gemuendenaspoidea Denison 1978 [empty]
G. †Cosmacanthus Agassiz 1845
+
†Cosmacanthus bullatus Saint John and Worthen 1875
†Cosmacanthus carinatus Davis 1883
†Cosmacanthus malcolmsoni Agassiz 1844
†Cosmacanthus marginalis Davis 1883
†Cosmacanthus priscus Mcoy 1848
†Cosmacanthus stellatus Saint John and Worthen 1875
G. †Errolosteus Young 1981
Unr. †Eubrachythoraci Miles 1971
+
Fm. †Selenosteidae Dean 1901
+
G. †Alienacanthus Kulczycki 1957
G. †Amazichthys Jobbins et al. 2022
G. †Draconichthys Rücklin 2011
G. †Driscollaspis Rucklin et al. 2015
G. †Enseosteus Jaeckel 1919
G. †Gymnotrachelus Dunkle and Bongert 1939
G. †Melanomontanosteus Prokofiev 2023
+
Invalid names: Melanosteus Lelievre and Goujet 1987 [replaced]
G. †Microsteus Gross 1932
G. †Pachyosteus Jaeckel 1903
G. †Paramylostoma
G. †Rhinosteus Jaeckel 1911
G. †Selenosteus Dean 1901
G. †Stenosteus Dean 1901
G. †Walterosteus Stensiö 1959
G. †Huaningichthys Wang 1979
Superfm. †Incisoscutoidea Long 1994
+
Fm. †Plourdosteidae Vézina 1990
+
G. †Compagopiscis GARDINER and MILES 1994
G. †Protitanichthys Eastman 1908
Invalid names: Incisoscutidae Denison 1984 [empty]
G. †Kimberleyichthys Dennis-Bryan and Miles 1983
+
Invalid names: Kimberia Dennis-Bryan and Miles 1983 [replaced]
G. †Kueichowlepis Pan and Wang 1975
Subor. †Pachyosteina Obruchev 1964
+
Invalid names: Erromenosteidae Obruchev 1964 [empty], Hussakofiidae Obruchev 1964 [empty]
G. †Parawilliamsaspis Liu 1980
Or. †Phlyctaeniiformes
+
Subor. †Brachythoraci Gross 1932
+
Unr. †Aspinothoracidi Miles and Dennis 1979
Fm. †Buchanosteidae White 1952
Superfm. †Buchanosteoidea Denison 1978
Unr. †Coccosteomorphi
G. †Doseyosteus Young 2004
Fm. †Gemuendenaspidae Miles 1962
Superfm. †Heterosteoidea Denison 1984
Fm. †Homostiidae Jaekel 1903
G. †Maideria Lelievre 1995
Unr. †Pachyosteomorphi Stensiö 1944
Fm. †Parabuchanosteidae Long et al. 2014
Invalid names: Brachydeiroidea Denison 1978 [empty], Coccosteoidea Denison 1978 [empty], Dinichthyoidea Denison 1978 [empty], Homosteoidea Denison 1978 [empty]
Fm. †Gronlandaspididae Obruchev 1964
+
G. †Boomeraspis Long 1995
G. †Gronlandaspis Heintz 1932
G. †Mulgaspis Ritchie 2004
G. †Turrisaspis Daeschler et al. 2003
Fm. †Holonematidae Obruchev 1932
+
G. †Belemnacanthus Eastman 1898
G. †Deirosteus Wells 1942
G. †Deveonema Kulczycki 1957
G. †Gyroplacosteus Obrutschev 1930
G. †Holonema Newberry 1890
G. †Megaloplax Obrutschev 1933
G. †Rhenonema Obruchev 1964
G. †Tiaraspis Gross 1962
G. †Tropidosteus Gross 1933
Fm. †Phlyctaeniidae Fowler 1947
+
G. †Aggeraspis Gross 1962
G. †Barwickosteus Young and Long 2014
G. †Cartieraspis Pageau 1969
G. †Diadsomaspis Gross 1937
G. †Dicksonosteus Goujet 1975
G. †Gaspeaspis Pageau 1969
G. †Grifftaylor Young and Long 2014
G. †Heterogaspis Strand 1932
G. †Huginaspis Heintz 1929
G. †Jaekelaspis Heintz 1929
G. †Kolpaspis Pageau 1969
G. †Neophlyctaenius White 1969
G. †Pageauaspis Denison 1978
G. †Phlyctaenaspis Traquair 1890
G. †Phlyctaenius Traquair 1890
G. †Prosphymaspis Gross 1937
G. †Williamsaspis White 1952
Fm. †Pholidosteidae Gross 1932
+
G. †Pholidosteus Jaeckel 1907
+
†Pholidosteus bidorsatus Koenen 1880
†Pholidosteus friedeli Jaekel 1907
†Pholidosteus laevior Gross 1932
Subor. †Phyllolepida Stensiö 1934
+
Invalid names: Antarctaspina Denison 1975 [empty], Phyllolepina Denison 1975 [empty]
G. †Squamatognathus Hanke et al. 1996
G. †Taemasosteus White 1952
+
†Taemasosteus maclartiensis Long 1984
†Taemasosteus novaustrocambricus White 1952
G. †Tyriolepis Karatajute-Talimaa 1968
Invalid names: Actinolepina Miles 1973 [empty], Arthrodiriformes Grande and Eastman 1986 [synonym], Brachydeirina Denison 1975 [empty], Heterostiina Denison 1975 [empty], Holonematina Denison 1975 [empty], Pachyosteidae Gross 1932 [empty], Phlyctaenina Miles 1973 [empty], Phylctaeniida [empty], Stegophthalami [empty], Wuttagoonaspina Ritchie 1973 [empty]
G. †Asiacanthus Liu 1948
+
†Asiacanthus kaoi P'am 1964
†Asiacanthus multituberculatus Liu 1948
†Asiacanthus suni P'an 1964
Or. †Brindabellaspida Young 1980
+
G. †Changyonophyton Sze 1952
+
†Changyanophyton hupeiense Sze 1952
†Changyonophyton hupeiense Sze 1952
Or. †Coccostei Jaekel 1911
+
Invalid names: Coccostei Jaekel 1911 [empty], Heterostei Jaekel 1911 [empty], Homostei Jaekel 1911 [empty]
G. †Coelosteichthys Whitley 1940
G. †Nessariostoma Broili 1933
+
†Nessariostoma granulosum Broili 1933
Invalid names: Nessariostoma Broili 1933 [objective synonym]
G. †Oestophorus Miller 1892
+
†Oestophorus lilleyi Newberry 1889
Invalid names: Sphenophorus Newberry 1889 [replaced]
Subor. †Petalichthyida Jaekel 1911
+
G. †Diandongpetalichthys P’an and Wang 1978
+
†Diandongpetalichthys liaojiaoshanensis P’an and Wang 1978
Invalid names: Diandongpetalichthys P’an and Wang 1978 [valid], Eurycaraspis Liu 1991 [valid], Litilpetalichthyes [valid], Macropetalichthyida [empty], Macropetalichthyida [empty], Petalichthyiformes [synonym], Petalichthyiformes [synonym], Shearsbyaspis Young 1984 [valid], Xinanpetalichthys P’an and Wang 1978 [valid]
Subor. †Petalichthyida Jaekel 1911
+
G. †Diandongpetalichthys P’an and Wang 1978
+
†Diandongpetalichthys liaojiaoshanensis P’an and Wang 1978
Invalid names: Diandongpetalichthys P’an and Wang 1978 [valid], Eurycaraspis Liu 1991 [valid], Litilpetalichthyes [valid], Macropetalichthyida [empty], Macropetalichthyida [empty], Petalichthyiformes [synonym], Petalichthyiformes [synonym], Shearsbyaspis Young 1984 [valid], Xinanpetalichthys P’an and Wang 1978 [valid]
+
Or. †Ptyctodontida Gross 1932
+
G. †Rhamphodopsis Watson 1938
+
†Rhamphodopsis threiplandi Watson 1934
†Rhamphodopsis trispinatus Watson 1938
G. †Tollodus Mark-Kurik 1977
Or. †Rhenanida Broili 1930
+
Fm. †Asterosteidae Woodward 1891
+
Invalid names: Gemuendinidae Traquair 1903 [synonym], Jagorinidae Woodward 1932 [synonym]
G. †Bolivosteus Goujet et al. 1986
Or. †Stensioelliformes Romer 1945
+
G. †Wangolepis Pan 1986
Invalid names: Acanthothoraciformes [empty], Petalichthyida Jaekel 1911 [empty], Pseudopetalichthyida Denison 1975 [empty], Rhenaniformes [empty]
Invalid names: Chondrichthiomorphi [empty], Ichthyes Gadow 1898 [empty], Placodermiomorphi [empty]
Diagnosis
No diagnoses are available